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EP0056732A1 - Dispositif pour l'application de matériaux de marquage sur des surfaces - Google Patents

Dispositif pour l'application de matériaux de marquage sur des surfaces Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0056732A1
EP0056732A1 EP82300274A EP82300274A EP0056732A1 EP 0056732 A1 EP0056732 A1 EP 0056732A1 EP 82300274 A EP82300274 A EP 82300274A EP 82300274 A EP82300274 A EP 82300274A EP 0056732 A1 EP0056732 A1 EP 0056732A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
marking
container
duct
marking material
supply
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP82300274A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0056732B1 (fr
Inventor
David Nicholas Kilner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
REDLAND PRISMO Ltd
Original Assignee
REDLAND PRISMO Ltd
Prismo Universal Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by REDLAND PRISMO Ltd, Prismo Universal Ltd filed Critical REDLAND PRISMO Ltd
Priority to AT82300274T priority Critical patent/ATE13078T1/de
Publication of EP0056732A1 publication Critical patent/EP0056732A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0056732B1 publication Critical patent/EP0056732B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/16—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
    • B05B7/20—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed by flame or combustion
    • B05B7/201—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed by flame or combustion downstream of the nozzle
    • B05B7/205—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed by flame or combustion downstream of the nozzle the material to be sprayed being originally a particulate material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C23/00—Auxiliary devices or arrangements for constructing, repairing, reconditioning, or taking-up road or like surfaces
    • E01C23/16—Devices for marking-out, applying, or forming traffic or like markings on finished paving; Protecting fresh markings
    • E01C23/20—Devices for marking-out, applying, or forming traffic or like markings on finished paving; Protecting fresh markings for forming markings in situ
    • E01C23/206—Devices for marking-out, applying, or forming traffic or like markings on finished paving; Protecting fresh markings for forming markings in situ by applying fusible particulate material to the surface, e.g. by means of a gaseous stream

Definitions

  • This invention is concerned with improvements in or relating to marking surfaces and is particularly concerned with an improved method of applying marking materials and an apparatus for use therein.
  • Devices for spraying particulate materials to form coatings on substrates include "flame" spray devices or apparatuses which are normally used to apply coatings of refactory material and the like.
  • the present invention provides.a method of marking a surface with a marking material comprising, or providing at elevated temperatures, a material which is fusible, comprising the steps of burning a gaseous fuel in air under pressure to provide a supply of heated pressurised gas, directing this supply of gas onto the surface to be marked, injecting a supply of marking material in unfused form into the hot gas stream and thereby causing the material to impinge on the surface, and maintaining the temperature of the hot gas stream and the distance of the point of injection of the marking material from the surface throughout the marking process such that at least some of the material is fused before the marking material impinges on the surface.
  • the material is preferably in particulate form and may be fluidised before injection into the hot gas stream.
  • the marking material is injected into the hot gas stream in a reducing atmosphere.
  • the method is particularly suitable for applying markings to highways and runways and the like.
  • the invention also provides an apparatus for applying marking material comprising, or providing at elevated temperatures, a material which is fusible, onto a surface, the apparatus comprising means to burn a gaseous fuel in air under pressure to provide a supply of heated pressurised gas, an elongate duct means to direct this hot gas onto the surface to be marked and means to inject a supply of marking material in unfused form into the hot gas stream, thereby to cause the marking material to impinge on the surface, the arrangement being such that the temperature of the gas stream and the distance of the point of injection of the marking material from the surface are maintained so that at least some of the material is fused before the marking material impinges on the surface.
  • the means to direct the hot gas onto the surface maybe in the form of a duct which may be rectangular in cross-section at its outlet and, conveniently the duct may be provided with baffle meanswhereby, when the apparatus is in use, oscillation of the material is prevented thereby obviating accretion of the material to inner walls of the duct.
  • the material is injected by feed means which may comprise at least one inlet port arranged so that material is injected into the hot gaseous jet upstream of the duct.
  • the material is injected into the hot gaseous jet upstream of the duct as aforesaid coincident with the direction of the jet or at an acute angle to said direction.
  • the acute angle may be up 70° but is preferably 35°.
  • inlet ports arranged as aforesaid for injecting material into the hot gaseous jet.
  • the feed means may also include a fluidised bed arrangement for feeding material to the inlet ports.
  • the feed means may be controlled by means which may be manually operated or may be operated automatically in response to actuation of sensing means.
  • the burner is a flash back burner utilising liquified propane gas as a fuel and in a preferred apparatus provided by the invention the burner may be connected to the duct through a swirl chamber for damping unwanted oscillations in the exhaust gases from the burner.
  • the surface is a highway, airport runway or the like.
  • the apparatus may also be used to form markings on a transfer surface, the preformed markings subsequently being applied to a road or the like.
  • Apparatus used hitherto, for the application of markings, to highways or airport runways, etc., has not always resulted in a well defined durable marking at an acceptable speed of application or an acceptable cost per unit area covered by the marking.
  • the apparatus shown in the drawings enables a layer of a marking material to be sprayed onto a highway, airport runway or the like, with great economy in material usage, at low power consumption and with minimum interruption of traffic flow.
  • the apparatus comprises a bulk storage hopper 10 from which particulate marking material 11 may be fed via a screw elevator 12 to a fluidised bed feed device 14 and then via a line 16 to a mixing tube 18 where the material 11 is injected into a hot gaseous jet, created by a burner 20, before passing along a duct or flight tube 22 to be sprayed onto a highway 24, as shown at 26, to form a marking on the highway 24.
  • the material is injected into a reduced atmosphere.
  • the bulk storage hopper 10 is fed with compressed air from compressor 34 via a line 33 and control valve 3l,so that the marking material 11 forms a fluidised bed.
  • the hopper 10 can usefully have a capacity of between one and six tonnes depending upon the size of vehicle on which the novel apparatus is to be used.
  • the screw elevator 12 ideally has a feed rate of between one and fifteen litres per minute and feeds the particulate marking material via a duct 13 to the feed device 14.
  • the feed device 14 has a capacity for 200 kilos of the particulate material fed thereto and comprises a container 30 fed with compressed air to form a fluidised bed. The compressed air is fed from compressor 34 via a line 33 and control valve 32 into the base of the container 30.
  • the feed device 14 also comprises a venturi valve 40 connected to the line 16 inside the container 30 which valve 40 is controlled by an actuator 41 whereby the rate of feed of particulate material through the valve 40 may be adjusted or shut-off as required.
  • the actuator 41 is in turn controlled pneumatically, via a solenoid controlled valve 42, from an appropriate control console 72 which may be mounted at any convenient location. The disposition of the venturi valve 40 and the line 16 within the container 30 is consistent with obtaining a flow of the particulate material which is of an acceptable range of particle sizes,i.e. the particulate material will only show small diversities in size over a given period.
  • valve 40 and line 16 This is achieved by positioning the valve 40 and line 16 at an optimum level within the container. This occurs because the effect of the fluidised bed 14 is to stratify the particulate material in the container 30 according to the size of granule. Large granules will be more prevalent towards the top of the container and small granules towards the bottom. Thus, at an optimum level the ideal size range of granule can be expected.
  • a pigment feed hopper 44 On the outlet side of the line 16 between the container and the mixing tube 18 there is shown a pigment feed hopper 44 see Figure 3.
  • hoppers 44 there may be two or more hoppers 44 and switching of appropriate venturi valves located within the hoppers 44 enables the desired pigment to be fed into the flow of particulate material in the line 16.
  • the mixing tube 18, see Figure 3 is provided by a tubular chamber, 46 of circular cross section connected at an upper end portion 47, thereof to a combustion chamber 48.
  • the combustion chamber 48 is in turn connected to the outlet end 49 of the burner 20, see Figure 8.
  • the burner 20 may be a commercially available flash back burner using liquid propane gas and air mixture as fuel.
  • the air is supplied via a line 52 from the compressor 34 and the gas is supplied via lines 53 from liquid petroleum gas storage tanks 54, see Figure 3.
  • a spark generator 55 is provided to initially ignite this fuel mixture.
  • This combustion chanber consists of two coaxial cylindrical tubes 57 and 59.
  • the inner tube 57 has two rings of ports 58, which allow the air, fed via line 51 into the passage between tubes 57 and 59, to pass into tube 57 to react with any unreacted fuel.
  • These ports 58 are set at an angle, as shown, so as to introduce the air into tube 57 with a component of velocity in the direction of the general velocity of the gases already in the tube.
  • the mixing tube 18 is connected to the flight tube-22 by a suitable adaptor, not shown.
  • the length of the flight tube 22 is chosen so that the particulate material, which is admixed with the hot gaseous jet in the mixing chamber 18, will remain in the flight tube for a sufficient time for enabling sufficient heat transfer from the gaseous jet to a heat softenable portion of the particulate material to substantially liquify said portion.
  • the ratio of the length of the tube 22 to its maximum cross- sectional dimension (width) is approximately 6.5:1.
  • the tube 22 may have a length to width ratio of between 2:1 and 30:1.
  • the actual dimensions of the flight tube 22 will be chosen to suit the application, the particulate material, the feed rate of particulate material and the capacity of the burner 20.
  • two further flight tubes 22a and 22b having length: width ratios of 9:1 and 4.75:1 respectively.
  • the flight tube 22 is also shaped to give a lamella flow of particulate material therefrom.
  • the tube 22a is rectangular in cross-section and of constant dimensions along its length while the tube 22b of Figure 6 is of variable cross-section along its length, being approximately square at its upper end and tapered in one dimension and flared in the other from that end to its lower end.
  • the rectangular shape of the outlet end of the flight tube helps to ensure that markings applied by the apparatus do not have blurred edges.
  • the flight tube 22 is of constant dimension along its length and no great difficulty is encountered in obtaining a true lamella flow of material from a nozzle end 25 thereof.
  • the gaseous jet and admixed particulate material oscillate within the tube leading to accretion of the particulate material to the side walls of the flight tube 22.
  • baffle plates may be provided down the centre of the flight tube 22 to split the tube in two length-wise. Indeed several baffles may be provided splitting the flight tube along its length into several parts. Tests on such arrangements have shown that the resultant markings are not impaired in any way while accretion of material to side walls of the flight tubes 22 is prevented.
  • Such alternative methods may include the use of annular inlet ducts for introducing hot gas to the tube 22 to augment the flow of the gaseous jet therethrough. Accretion is also prevented by lining the flight tube with a perforated lining plate, which also has the advantage of reducing the noise of the operation.
  • the apparatus may also include purging means for purging the apparatus of particulate material at the end of work shift.
  • This purging means may comprise a container for cleaning grit, sand, or the like material. This material may be fed into the feed device 14 via a venturi valve similar to valve 40.
  • air from the compressor will cause cleansing material to be fed to the mixing chambers 18 as aforesaid, via the valve 40 and line 16 to purge the mixing chamber 18 and flight tube 22 of any residual particulate material.
  • the purging means may also comprise a fluidised bed for agitating the sand in the container.
  • the apparatus described above may be adapted for mounting on a vehicle 80, see Figure 1 and 2, which vehicle is of much simpler design than known road marking vehicles.
  • FIG. 1 there is a laterally moving carriage 81.
  • This carriage includes a feed means 14, and a hopper 60 to hold glass beads and the like.
  • flight-tube there may only be one set of flight-tube, mixing chamber, feed line, combustion chamber and burner, all of which may be mounted as'a boom to swing to either side of the vehicle.
  • This boom may be covered by a thermally insulating jacket to protect operative personnel from burns.
  • the apparatus described hitherto is provided with a fluidised bed feed means it may be useful in some applications to utilize a gravity feed arrangement as shown in Figure 4.
  • the particulate material can thus be fed to the line 16 via a line 84 and a venturi valve 85 of known configuration.
  • a gas deflector 86 may be attached to the lower end portion 25 of the flight tube 22. This arrangement is utilised to assist the adhesion and setting of the sprayed on marking 26.
  • the apparatus described above has several major advantages in determining suitable marking materials which it may utilise.
  • the binder resins In the conventional thermoplastic road marking materials, the binder resins must melt to a state of high fluidity to enable the overall composition to be sprayed or flowed (screeded or extruded) onto the road surface. This limits the types of resin, or polymer, which can be used, and also effectively limits the final performance of the road marking material. High fluidity results from relatively low molecular weight which in turn leads to low mechanical strength and toughness.
  • binder polymers can be chosen of much higher molecular weight which give enhanced mechnical properties over existing thermoplastic compositions.
  • the apparatus is suitable not only for the use of thermoplastic materials, but also for thermo-setting materials.
  • thermo-setting type would be an epoxy powder coating material which comprises an intimate blend of an epoxy compound and a reactant, which do not effectively react to give a polymer until a threshold temperature above 100 0 is reached. If used in the above apparatus, such particles would melt to fuse into a coherent whole and a chemical reaction would occur to improve the mechanical properties still further.
  • a composition, particularly suitable for use in the apparatus described above to provide markings on highways or airport runways, etc., is one such as described in o u r Patent Specification No.1344255 entitled “Improvements Relating to road marking.”
  • particulate material in other forms may also be used in the apparatus e.g. particulate materials in a liquid suspension are envisaged.
  • the vehicle 80 may incorporate any convenient sighting or sensing device for alignment of the flight tube 22 of the spraying apparatus over the portion of the highway 24 to be marked.
  • the vehicle 80 is driven along the highway 24 and a marking 26 applied thereto.
  • the thickness of the marking may be in the range 0.3 - 4.0mmand is preferably in the range 0.5 - 1.5 mm.
  • the operation of the apparatus may be automatic in response of sensing of areas to be marked or the apparatus may be controlled manually from the console 42 by the vehicle driver. In either case the on-off cycle may be achieved by opening and closing the venturi valve 40 of the feed device 14 to interrupt the feed of the particulate material. In short line markings interruption of the burner operation is not necessary; however, in long line markings where long gaps are formed between the markings it is economical to shut off the burner 20.
  • the high impact velocity of the marking material on the road surface improves its adhesion.
  • the burner 20 creates a hot gaseous jet in a reducing atmosphere capable of raising the temperature of the particulate material without charring to above its melt temperature which, according to the heat softenable portion of the particulate material used, will be 100 to 400° C.
  • the heat generated by the burner 20 must therefore be in the order of 1 M BTUs per hour in order to provide sufficient latent heat in the hot gaseous jet to enable it to affect the particulate materials as aforesaid.
  • a flashback burner is used to create the gaseous jet.
  • a gas turbine or free piston gas generator may be used.
  • variable geometry flight tube as shown in Figure 9 might be employed rather than the fixed flight tubes described above in order to adjust the width of markings and form symbols such as arrows.
  • ingredients of the marking material need not all be injected into the flight tube at the same point and the aggregate, for example, could be injected upstream of the burner.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Repair (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
EP82300274A 1981-01-21 1982-01-19 Dispositif pour l'application de matériaux de marquage sur des surfaces Expired EP0056732B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82300274T ATE13078T1 (de) 1981-01-21 1982-01-19 Geraet zum aufbringen von markierungsmaterialien auf oberflaechen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8101848 1981-01-21
GB8101848 1981-01-21

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0056732A1 true EP0056732A1 (fr) 1982-07-28
EP0056732B1 EP0056732B1 (fr) 1985-05-02

Family

ID=10519119

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82300274A Expired EP0056732B1 (fr) 1981-01-21 1982-01-19 Dispositif pour l'application de matériaux de marquage sur des surfaces

Country Status (11)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0056732B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS57184461A (fr)
AT (1) ATE13078T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU543273B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR8200271A (fr)
DE (1) DE3263326D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES8306818A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB2091593B (fr)
IE (1) IE52261B1 (fr)
MX (1) MX156651A (fr)
ZA (1) ZA82222B (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010037548A1 (fr) * 2008-10-01 2010-04-08 Technische Universität Chemnitz Procédé et dispositif de revêtement thermique de surfaces, en particulier par projection à la flamme à grande vitesse
WO2016099410A1 (fr) * 2014-12-17 2016-06-23 Altekma Diş Ticaret Boya Maki̇na Sanayi̇ Anoni̇m Şi̇rketi̇ Machines de marquage routier
DE202018101547U1 (de) 2018-03-20 2018-04-09 Heinz Tillack Schnee- und Flüssigkeitsbarrieren, insbesondere in überdachten Abstellplätzen wie Garagen
US10126054B1 (en) * 2017-08-28 2018-11-13 James P. Shea Thermoplastic kettle auxiliary single-pass oil bath heat exchanger system

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE891852C (de) * 1951-08-21 1953-10-01 Richard Fischhoeder Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Auftragen von Markierungslinien auf Strassenoberflaechen
DE1094782B (de) * 1954-04-27 1960-12-15 Robert Ehrismann Verfahren und Geraet zum Aufbringen von Markierungen auf Strassen, Parkplaetzen u. dgl.
US3393615A (en) * 1966-07-18 1968-07-23 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Apparatus and method for applying fusible organic particulate in a coalesced film condition to a surface
FR2155837A1 (fr) * 1971-10-05 1973-05-25 Le Bruno Roland
BE807374A (fr) * 1973-11-16 1974-03-15 Soudure Autogene Elect Procede de marquage de surfaces par projection de matieres pulverulentes a la torche thermique

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE891852C (de) * 1951-08-21 1953-10-01 Richard Fischhoeder Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Auftragen von Markierungslinien auf Strassenoberflaechen
DE1094782B (de) * 1954-04-27 1960-12-15 Robert Ehrismann Verfahren und Geraet zum Aufbringen von Markierungen auf Strassen, Parkplaetzen u. dgl.
US3393615A (en) * 1966-07-18 1968-07-23 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Apparatus and method for applying fusible organic particulate in a coalesced film condition to a surface
FR2155837A1 (fr) * 1971-10-05 1973-05-25 Le Bruno Roland
BE807374A (fr) * 1973-11-16 1974-03-15 Soudure Autogene Elect Procede de marquage de surfaces par projection de matieres pulverulentes a la torche thermique

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010037548A1 (fr) * 2008-10-01 2010-04-08 Technische Universität Chemnitz Procédé et dispositif de revêtement thermique de surfaces, en particulier par projection à la flamme à grande vitesse
WO2016099410A1 (fr) * 2014-12-17 2016-06-23 Altekma Diş Ticaret Boya Maki̇na Sanayi̇ Anoni̇m Şi̇rketi̇ Machines de marquage routier
US10126054B1 (en) * 2017-08-28 2018-11-13 James P. Shea Thermoplastic kettle auxiliary single-pass oil bath heat exchanger system
DE202018101547U1 (de) 2018-03-20 2018-04-09 Heinz Tillack Schnee- und Flüssigkeitsbarrieren, insbesondere in überdachten Abstellplätzen wie Garagen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE13078T1 (de) 1985-05-15
IE52261B1 (en) 1987-08-19
IE820057L (en) 1982-07-21
GB2091593B (en) 1984-09-05
AU7945982A (en) 1982-07-29
DE3263326D1 (en) 1985-06-05
MX156651A (es) 1988-09-22
GB2091593A (en) 1982-08-04
JPS57184461A (en) 1982-11-13
ES508894A0 (es) 1983-06-01
ZA82222B (en) 1983-08-31
ES8306818A1 (es) 1983-06-01
EP0056732B1 (fr) 1985-05-02
AU543273B2 (en) 1985-04-18
BR8200271A (pt) 1982-11-23

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