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EP0048185B1 - Multi-Effekt-Leuchte, insbesondere zur Anwendung als Scheinwerfer für Photographie, Film und Fernsehen oder als Beleuchtungsvorrichtung - Google Patents

Multi-Effekt-Leuchte, insbesondere zur Anwendung als Scheinwerfer für Photographie, Film und Fernsehen oder als Beleuchtungsvorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0048185B1
EP0048185B1 EP81400015A EP81400015A EP0048185B1 EP 0048185 B1 EP0048185 B1 EP 0048185B1 EP 81400015 A EP81400015 A EP 81400015A EP 81400015 A EP81400015 A EP 81400015A EP 0048185 B1 EP0048185 B1 EP 0048185B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
translucent
light
faces
light source
wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81400015A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0048185A1 (de
Inventor
Mardick Baliozian
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Balcar SA
Original Assignee
Balcar SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Balcar SA filed Critical Balcar SA
Priority to AT81400015T priority Critical patent/ATE10540T1/de
Publication of EP0048185A1 publication Critical patent/EP0048185A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0048185B1 publication Critical patent/EP0048185B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B15/00—Special procedures for taking photographs; Apparatus therefor
    • G03B15/02—Illuminating scene
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2131/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
    • F21W2131/40—Lighting for industrial, commercial, recreational or military use
    • F21W2131/406—Lighting for industrial, commercial, recreational or military use for theatres, stages or film studios

Definitions

  • the subject of the present invention is a device consisting of a light source for use as a projector, for photography, cinema or television, or for lighting, or for use as a light panel, as well as a method for manufacturing a such device.
  • the object of the invention is to produce a lighting apparatus capable of varying at least one of these aforementioned characteristics and, where appropriate, all of them, thanks to its particular design, this apparatus also having to be able to reduce the decrease in light with the cosine of the illuminated angle.
  • the device targeted by the invention comprises a polyhedral envelope, the bottom of which carries a light source, while some of the walls are translucent.
  • US-A-4075,775 describes a light diffuser comprising a polyhedral envelope. This diffuser is only designed to be installed against a ceiling to diffuse the light emitted by a fluorescent tube.
  • This device which is constituted by a hollow body whose walls are translucent, is simply capable of diffusing light, but it is absolutely incapable of solving the problem which is the basis of the present invention.
  • the subject of the present invention is a luminous device for use as a projector for photography, cinema or television, comprising a polyhedral envelope formed of flat walls and the rectangular reflecting bottom of which comprises a light source, while certain walls are translucent, characterized in that the two walls starting from the long sides of the bottom are opaque while the two walls starting from the short sides, which are translucent, are inclined relative to the bottom, towards each other so that their extreme edges define, with the extreme edges of the opaque walls, a central face intended to receive various accessories, such as diffusers, grid-spot, filter.
  • the device comprises a rectangular bottom possibly pierced with an opening for the introduction of the light source, two triangular faces assembled at the long sides of the bottom according to a determined inclination relative to the plane of this bottom, and a translucent sheet of light diffusion, closing the free opening of the volume delimited by the bottom and of the two triangular lateral faces while being subjected to the sides of the triangular lateral faces, which as well as the bottom are made of an opaque material and reflective.
  • the device comprises two trapezoidal, polygonal or curved lateral faces, assembled to a rectangular bottom at a determined inclination with respect thereto, at least two translucent or opaline inclined front faces and a rectangular or square central face connecting said inclined front faces.
  • the front face placed between the translucent faces is provided with accessories such as grid-spot, diffuser, filters.
  • the device is provided with at least two reflecting flaps mounted on either side of the light source inside the envelope and articulated on the bottom between the lateral surfaces, so as to be able to be placed between two extreme positions, namely a first position in which they are placed in a position transverse to the plane of the bottom and a second position in which they are folded down thereon, means being provided for operating these flaps in order to place them in the chosen angular position and to fix them in this position.
  • the polyhedral envelope also includes external reflecting flaps placed on either side of the ends of the bottom in order to be able to reflect the contiguous transverse face.
  • Each reflecting flap pivots about an axis, thereby making it possible to vary its angle relative to the translucent face, and also making it possible to be closed against said translucent face.
  • the device comprises a tetrahedral envelope of which at least one face is opaque and reflective and arranged to receive a light source inside this tetrahedron, the other faces being translucent.
  • this device can be used for example as a luminaire in living rooms.
  • the projector according to the invention therefore makes it possible, unlike conventional projectors, to obtain various light effects relating to the sharpness of the subject's shadow on the background, by rotation about its axis as well as by variation of the effective length. of the light source.
  • This manufacturing method is particularly simple and economical in the case where the bottom is placed diagonally in the rectangle, with regard to the losses of material used (normally less than 5%), and requires a minimum of labor.
  • the two folded edges of the bottom fulfilling a role of hinge which allows the two lateral sides to be folded flat with the bottom.
  • a device consisting of a multi-effect light source, which can be used in particular as a projector for photography, cinema and television, but which can also receive other applications, for example as a light panel carrying specific indications .
  • This lighting device designated by the general reference 1, comprises a rectangular bottom 2 pierced with an opening 3 for the introduction of a light source not shown, two lateral faces 4 formed by trapezoids contiguous to the long sides 4a of the bottom 2, at a determined inclination relative to the plane of this bottom.
  • the device also includes two translucent light diffusion sheets, not shown for clarity of the drawing, chosen from an appropriate material, and which partially close the free opening of the volume delimited by the bottom 2 and by the two trapezoidal faces 4. Between the two translucent sheets, a central face 10 is reserved, square in the example described but which can also be rectangular.
  • a transparent frame 11 forming a spacer and able to receive the spot grids and filters, is embedded in the periphery of the central face 10.
  • the translucent sheets 5 are secured to the sides of the two trapezoids 4 by any suitable known means, the trapezoids 4 and the bottom 2 being made of an opaque material such as a metal or light alloy, or suitable plastic.
  • the inclination of the trapezoidal faces 4 relative to the bottom 2 can vary: for example the two faces 4 can be positioned so as to form an angle greater than 90 degrees with the bottom 2, thus being slightly divergent.
  • the two translucent surfaces secured to the faces 4 are thus inclined relative to the bottom 2 and also towards one another, so that they are visible laterally and in a direction parallel to the bottom 2.
  • the trapezoidal faces 4 and the bottom 2 are obtained in one piece from a sheet by folding the trapezoidal faces 4 on each side of the bottom 2.
  • the central front face 10 reserved between the two translucent front faces 5, can advantageously be provided with accessories such as grids-spots 50 (FIG. 8) in black or gray honeycombs giving angles of illumination which can vary by 10 degrees. at 40 degrees, removable diffuser 51, two removable barndoors 52 ( Figures 7 and 8), filters 53 of various colors, or polarizing filter.
  • accessories such as grids-spots 50 (FIG. 8) in black or gray honeycombs giving angles of illumination which can vary by 10 degrees. at 40 degrees, removable diffuser 51, two removable barndoors 52 ( Figures 7 and 8), filters 53 of various colors, or polarizing filter.
  • the light source constituted by the lighting device shown in FIG. 1 is provided with two interior reflecting flaps 54 mounted on either side of the central light source, and articulated on the bottom 2 between the lateral faces 4.
  • These flaps 54 are each constituted in the example described, preferably of at least two elements F, G, articulated together around a geometric axis 55, not visible so as to be able to be fold between two extreme positions in which they are an extension of each other.
  • the upper element F is provided with two lateral wings H.
  • FIG. 9 a first position of these flaps, referenced 54A in which they are perpendicular to the plane of the bottom 2, and a second position 54B in which they are folded thereon, means being provided to operate these flaps in order to place them in the chosen angular position and to fix them in this position.
  • FIG. 9 also shows different intermediate angular positions 54C, 54D, 54E, flaps 54, for which it can be seen that the upper element F of each flap pivots relative to the lower element G around the axis. This allows it not to rub against the corresponding translucent face 5, and to be able to give a different inclination for the two parts of each component, in order to reflect the light more effectively.
  • the reflecting flaps 54 are, in the example described, provided with lateral wings H inclined with respect to the sections F, and have in a way a “variable geometry”, thanks to the articulation between the two sections F, G, around the intermediate pivot 55.27 representing the light source introduced through the opening 3 of the bottom 2, and suitably fixed to the latter in a known manner, it can be seen that the light beam emitted by this source can take different configurations depending on the angular position of the flaps 54, the paths of the light rays reflected by the flaps 54 being shown in solid lines.
  • the means for operating the reflecting flaps 54 are constituted by rods (not visible in FIG. 1) which each engage in a flap 54 by crossing a slot 57 formed on one side lateral 4; the back and forth of a rod in the slot 57 allows to rotate the whole of the corresponding flap 54 around a transverse axis 58 ( Figure 9) located on the bottom 2.
  • Each flap 54 can be blocked in the angular position chosen by simple screwing of an external operating nut 7, integral with the rod on the slot 57.
  • other systems for operating and locking the flaps 54 can be used.
  • the light When the flaps are in the closed position, brought towards each other forwards, and if the front face 10 can be easily removed, the light can be doubled or tripled.
  • the lighting apparatus thus produced can receive a light source capable of being introduced through the opening 3, and be equipped with a cylindrical sleeve not shown, fixed externally to the bottom 2 and coaxially with the opening 3.
  • This sleeve comes on a support not shown, around which it can pivot by correlatively taking different inclinations to the projector. If the axis of the sleeve is horizontal, the projector can therefore pivot around a horizontal axis.
  • FIGS. 2, 3, 4 we start from a square sheet 60, or rectangular sheet 66, 70, we trace on it the sides 61, 61a of the bottom 63 (distance "L" and 74a ), according to an inclination chosen with respect to the diagonal of the rectangle or square, then the sheet 60, 66, 70 is folded along the sides 61, 61a of the bottom in order to obtain two lateral surfaces 62, 4, 73 having a chosen inclination with respect to the bottom; for example the angle K (figure 12).
  • the envelope is then completed by forming the front faces in a translucent diffusing material, which is assembled alongside the lateral faces 62, 4, 73.
  • the lateral faces 73 are triangular, in those of FIGS. 2 and 3, the faces 62, 4 are trapezoidal after cutting the corners 64, 67.
  • the interior reflective shutters 54 and the exterior reflective shutters 80 can be used for the same purpose, because by actuating them, the effective length of the light device is varied. These shutters are also used to vary the light power, to vary the brightness and the size of the reflections, to control the saturation of the subject's colors, as well as to allow the use of the projector with accessories of dimensions smaller than the length. total of the projector, such as a film cutter 52 ( Figures 7 and 8), spot grid 50 ( Figures 6, 7, 8), polarizing or color filter 53 ( Figure 8).
  • the lighting contrast can be varied, because if the reflective shutters 54 are in the tight position 54A, all of the light is sent towards the subject. It is also possible to further reduce the angle of illumination by additionally using the spot grilles 50 or the barndoors 52 attached to the front face of the projector. We therefore obtain a very contrasting light, very directed and coming from a relatively small source in width. There is very little light illuminating the shadows and the surroundings. However, when the reflective shutters 54 are gradually opened, an increasing angle is illuminated more and more with more diffuse light coming from a growing surface. At the same time, the amount of directed light from the central area is reduced. Thus the contrast gradually decreases and the sharpness of the shadows becomes more and more diffuse. Finally, you can add the diffuser in front of the central part to increase this progression.
  • the reflective shutters 80 preferably made of shiny aluminum, and having dimensions similar to the two translucent faces, also make it possible to vary the contrast by first allowing more or less light to come out of the translucent faces 5 and then to reflect towards the subject. , part of this remaining light, thereby brightening the shadow behind the subject.
  • the light can be better controlled with four reflective interior flaps 77, 78 (FIG. 15).
  • the effective length of the light source is changed from 83 (figure 11) (length of the face 10), to 84 (length of the bottom 2) and up to 85, giving an increasingly diffuse shade and vice versa.
  • each external reflecting flap 80 can be adjusted independently of one another.
  • the orientation of these two flaps 80 also changes the brightness and the size of the reflections, because the brightness of the reflections will be all the stronger and the magnitude of the reflections will be all the smaller, as the surface of the light source is smaller.
  • the reflective shutters 54 also control these two characteristics of the light.
  • the flaps 54 preferably made of polished aluminum, can be actuated either both at the same time, or independently of one another by means known per se such as those visible in FIG. 1, with a system of locking such as the nuts 7 mentioned above ( Figure 1). Their positioning can be clearly indicated on the outside of the light box formed by the projector, to allow their location.
  • the shutters can also be simple rectangles instead of the assemblies with two sections and lateral wings H described above, but a better efficiency is obtained by increasing their width with their distance from the light source 27, and by forming the shutters for give them a profile allowing them to be lying completely against the bottom 2 and the side faces 4.
  • the device Seen from the side ( Figure 13), the device has a trapezoidal section, the opening of which depends on the inclination of the lateral faces 4 on the bottom 2.
  • the central face 10 provided with the diffuser and the flaps 54 folded against the bottom 2 and the flaps 80 placed behind the plane of the bottom 2
  • the lateral lighting relative to the axial lighting is the ratio between the depth h (FIG. 12) and the length 84 (FIG. 11) of the bottom 2, this ratio being preferably between 0.3 and 0.5.
  • FIG. 14 shows a third possible embodiment of the light source targeted by the invention, and in FIG. 13 a method of manufacturing this light source.
  • the strip 14 is folded, this time constituted by a suitable translucent material which is sufficiently rigid, along the sides of four successive isosceles triangles 27.
  • the portion of strip comprising these four isosceles triangles 27 is cut, which is folded then along their adjacent sides in order to constitute a tetrahedron 28 (FIG. 14), one face 29 of which may possibly be pierced with an opening 31 intended to allow the introduction of a light source into the tetrahedron.
  • the face 29 can also be coated with an opaque and reflecting interior layer, as well as possibly a second face of the tetrahedron.
  • the device thus obtained can be used as a light panel or as a luminaire in living rooms or in halls or corridors of buildings, this lamp diffusing light through the three translucent sides of the tetrahedron.
  • the light source for use as a projector or a luminaire targeted by the invention comprises a polyhedral envelope formed from four to seven flat surfaces with straight edges, at least part of which is translucent or opaline, the others surfaces being opaque and reflective.
  • a possible variant consists in making an envelope formed by four surfaces, one of which is translucent or opaline to allow the diffusion of light and has opposite curved end portions in correspondence with curved edges of the two lateral surfaces, the fourth surface constituting the bottom being pierced to allow the introduction of the light source.
  • the projectors thus produced have a higher cost price, because they require either molds or special cutting tools.
  • Such projectors have a convex and translucent or opaline luminous surface, and they can be arranged to receive the same control elements and the same accessories as described above.
  • At least two of the translucent or opaline surfaces are inclined relative to the base or to the bottom, so that they can be seen from the side perpendicular to said base or to said bottom, which avoids the fall of light with the cosine of the illuminated angle, and which allows the external shutters 80 to reflect light effectively.
  • the information written on the translucent half-faces can be easily read from directions forming between them an angle greater than that allowing the reading of indications carried on the usual flat panels.
  • Another advantage of the device according to the invention comes from the fact that it is possible to install normal incandescent lamps therein in its applications as a light panel, instead of bulky and expensive fluorescent tubes with their attachment means.
  • the interior shutters allow the width of the illuminated area to be reduced with a proportional increase in light intensity.
  • the device may be desirable to place the device (completed with the reflecting external flaps in any of the chosen positions, shown in FIGS. 10 and 11) in an external box, or casing 86, the inside 87 of which is light-reflecting, and which has a front face 88 rectangular, open, or transparent, or translucent or opaline.
  • the latter can advantageously be equipped with filters, grids-spots and other accessories.
  • the light source will thus be more “attractive and will have a more homogeneous front face when it is provided with a translucent or opaline diffuser, thus avoiding multiple shadows.
  • the housing 86 is formed from a single sheet of polypropylene which can be folded flat for transport, and then put into three dimensional forms. However, other materials can be used.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (7)

1. Leuchteinrichtung für die Verwendung in Scheinwerfern für die Fotografie, den Film oder das Fernsehen mit einem vielflächigen Gehäuse aus ebenen Wänden, dessen rechteckige, reflektierende Rückwand eine Lichtquelle aufweist, wobei gewisse Wände durchsichtig sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Wände (4) an den langen Seiten der Rückwand opak sind und die beiden Wände (5) an den kurzen Seiten, die durchsichtig sind, gegenüber der Rückwand (2) gegeneinander geneigt sind, damit ihre Außenkanten mit den Außenkanten der opaken Wände (4) eine zentrale Fläche (10) begrenzen, die zur Aufnahme verschiedener Zubehörteile, wie Diffusoren, Gitter und Filter, bestimmt ist.
2. Einrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie mit mindestens zwei reflektierenden Flügeln (54) ausgestattet ist, die beiderseits der Lichtquelle im Innern des Gehäuses angeordnet sind und an der Rückwand (2) zwischen den durchsichtigen Seitenwänden derart schwenkbar angebracht sind, daß sie in zwei Extremstellungen bringbar sind, d. h., in eine erste quer zur Ebene der Rückwand (2) verlaufende Stellung und eine zweite Stellung, in der sie auf diese geklappt sind, wobei Mittel zum Bewegen der Flügel (54) vorgesehen sind, um sie in die gewählte Winkelstellung zu bringen und dort festzuhalten.
3. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Flügel (54) jeweils aus mindestens zwei Elementen (F, G) gebildet sind, die derart zueinander schwenkbar sind, daß sie sich zwischen den Extremstellungen, in denen sie jeweils in der Verbiegung des anderen liegen, einklappen lassen.
4. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die äußeren, reflektierenden, einstellbaren Flügel (54) an die anstoßenden Kanten der Rückwand (2) angelenkt sind, wobei die durchsichtigen Wände aufeinander zu geneigt sind.
5. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die gesamte Einrichtung mit den reflektierenden Außenflügeln (80) in einem Gehäuse oder Ummantelung untergebracht ist, welches eine offene oder transparente oder durchsichtige Öffnung aufweist.
6. Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, gekennzeichnet durch Aufbau mit dreieckigen oder trapezförmigen Flächen, die eine Paramide oder einen Pyramidenstumpf bilden.
7. Verfahren zur Herstellung der Einrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in an sich bekannter Weise auf einer rechtwinkligen Platte die Seiten in einer gewählten Neigung in bezug zu den Diagonalen des Rechtecks aufgerissen werden und die Platte dann an den Kanten der Rückwand umgefaltet wird, um zwei Seitenflächen mit der in bezug zur Rückwand gewählten Neigung zu erhalten, woraufhin das Gehäuse vervollständigt wird, indem zwei Vorderseiten aus streuendem, durchsichtigem Material gebildet werden, die an die vorgenannten Seitenflächen angefügt werden, und dadurch, daß die Seitenwände
- dreieckig
- trapezförmig oder
- trapezförming nach dem Entfernen der Ecken der beiden sich aus den Dreiecksflächen ergebenden Spitzen sind, wobei die eingesetzte, rechteckige Vorderfläche, die sich aus den Trapezflächen ergibt, mit Zubehörteilen ausgestattet werden kann, wie z. B. Filter, Gitter und Diffusoren.
EP81400015A 1980-09-11 1981-01-08 Multi-Effekt-Leuchte, insbesondere zur Anwendung als Scheinwerfer für Photographie, Film und Fernsehen oder als Beleuchtungsvorrichtung Expired EP0048185B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81400015T ATE10540T1 (de) 1980-09-11 1981-01-08 Multi-effekt-leuchte, insbesondere zur anwendung als scheinwerfer fuer photographie, film und fernsehen oder als beleuchtungsvorrichtung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8019612 1980-09-11
FR8019612A FR2489929A1 (fr) 1980-09-11 1980-09-11 Source de lumiere multi-effets a usage notamment de projecteur pour la photographie, le cinema et la television, ou de luminaire et procede de fabrication de cette source de lumiere

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0048185A1 EP0048185A1 (de) 1982-03-24
EP0048185B1 true EP0048185B1 (de) 1984-11-28

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EP81400015A Expired EP0048185B1 (de) 1980-09-11 1981-01-08 Multi-Effekt-Leuchte, insbesondere zur Anwendung als Scheinwerfer für Photographie, Film und Fernsehen oder als Beleuchtungsvorrichtung

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4409646A (de)
EP (1) EP0048185B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS5750702A (de)
AT (1) ATE10540T1 (de)
BR (1) BR8100153A (de)
DE (1) DE3167355D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2489929A1 (de)

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US3737226A (en) * 1971-10-22 1973-06-05 L Shank Light diffusion assembly for close-up photography
US3937948A (en) * 1974-08-14 1976-02-10 Donn Allison Light fixture
US4075775A (en) * 1974-12-09 1978-02-28 Shorette Richard A Light diffuser and illuminating ceiling display

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3167355D1 (en) 1985-01-10
EP0048185A1 (de) 1982-03-24
FR2489929A1 (fr) 1982-03-12
BR8100153A (pt) 1982-08-17
ATE10540T1 (de) 1984-12-15
JPS5750702A (en) 1982-03-25
US4409646A (en) 1983-10-11

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