DK2923168T3 - Mass lockable weapon floor system - Google Patents

Description

Mass-lockable breech mechanism for a weapon

The invention relates to a mass-lockable breech mechanism for a weapon^ comprising a breech part which can be mounted displaceabiy in a breech housing of an appropriate weapon, and comprising an elastic dosing element. Such a breech mechanism for a weapon is described, for instance, in US 2 497 350 A.

In order to minimize the forces, a hydraulic brake, which is integrated in the breech, is installed. This alters the time lapse of the force transmission and thus reduces the magnitude of the force which acts on the gunman or a mount, or, in the case of large-calibre weapons, on the cradle. As a result of the brake, the movement of the breech is decoupled from the movement of the weapon housing,

In the case of automatic or semi-automatic weapons with mass-lockable breech mechanisms, the barrel of the appropriate weapon Is closed off at the rear by a heavy breech part (breech block), wherein the breech part is arranged displaceabiy in a breech housing, axially adjoining foe barrel, of the weapon, and is acted on by an elastic closing element (recuperator), which is usually constituted by a closing spring (cf, for instance, Rheinmetall “WafienteChnisches Taschershuch'’, Dusseldorf 7th. edition 1985, pages p48; et seq).

For the firing of high-performance ammunition, in the known mass-lockable breech mechanisms both a heavy breech block and a strong closing spring are respectively required. Hhere long closing springs are used, this leads to an increase in foe weight of the appropriate Weapon, or the spring characteristic of the respective closing spring must exhibit a steep force increase: Moreover, the dosing springs in the known breech mechanisms are exposed to eirvirphmental influences and can easily get dirty.

The object of the invention is to define a mass-lockable breech mechanism which guarantees high functional reliability and which alspi for the firing of high-performance ammunition, is not associated with any substantial increase in Weight.

This object is achieved according to the invention by the features of independent Claims I and 6. Further, particularly advantageous embodiments of lie invention are disclosed hv the sub-claims.

The ifitéhiiai is substantially based Oh the idea of integrating: the closing element into the breech part. A hydraulic transmission connected in series with the closing element an<| likewise arranged in the breech part allows the closing spring to have a relatively smal length, and its characteristic curve to have only a relatively shallow' force increase.

For the realization of the breech mechanism according to the invention, the breech part is configured not as a solid breech block, but as a hollow cylinder wherein the cylinder Chamber is divided into two partial cylinder chambers, according to independent Claim 1, by an axially displaceable compensating piston and. according to independent Claim 6. by an elastic closing element. Here, according; to independent CMm 1, in the, viewed in the direction of fire of the appropriate weapon, rear-side first partial cylinder chamber filled with a brake fluid is arranged an axially displaceable piston, which is connected to a piston rod that is guided akially through the rear-side wall of the breech part and, at Its end facing away from the piston, is connected to the breech housing. In the second partial cylinder chamber is arranged the elastic closing element, which holds the compensating piston in a starting position such that, when the breech part recoils, by the piston which moves into the lilt parifrl cylinder chamber, the compensating piston is displaced towards the closing: element and the closing element is tensioned.

According to independent Claim 6, the, fiewed in the direction of ire Of the appropriate weapon, rear-side, first partial cylinder chamber is likewisesfilied wilh a brake fluid......

Since the dosing element, as well as the components ofithe hfdfaulie transmission, are components of the recoiling mass which is anyway required, an increase in §fte total weight of the appropriate Weapon can be avoided.

Moreover, the breech mechanism according to the invention has the advantages that the closing: element is well encapsulated and therefore environmental influences: have only a small influence on this element. Moreover, it has been shown that this breech mechanism has a high functional reliability and the tensioning force of the closing element is very' constant.

The closing element is preferably constituted, according to dependent Claim 2, by a compression spang., which is supported with its one end against the compensating piston and with its other end against the front wall of the breech put.

Advantageously, the rear-side partial cylinder chamber can form, together with the piston and the piston rod, a plunger cylinder, i.e. a cylinder in Which the piston rod simultaneously serves as a piston, so that the cylinder is distinguished by a simple and robust

Further details and advantages of the invention emerge from foe following illustrative embodiments explained with the use of figures, in which;

Fig. 1 Shows the longitudinal section of a schematically represented weapon breech mechanism according to the invention* comprising a breech part, arranged in a weapon hoiSPii: in its starting position'

Fig; 2 shows the breech mechanism represented id Fig; 1, following firing. Upon termination of the recoil of the breech part, and

Fig. 3 showsthé breech mechanism represented in Fig; 1, during the forward travel into its starting position.

In Figs. 1 to 3, I denotes a tnass-lockable weapon breech mechanism which is arranged in a breech housing 2 that at the rear adjoins the cartridge chamber of a barrel foot represented).

The weapon breech mechanism 1 substantially comprises a breech part 3, which is axially displaceable in foe breeeh housing 2 and which also contains the elements ffor reasons of clarity, not represented) required for the firing arid foflhi extraction of the cartridge after the firing.

The breech part 3 is Configured as a hollow cylinder, wherein the cylinder chamber 4 is divided by an axially displaceable compensating piston 5 into two partial cylinder chambers 6, 7.

Th% viewed in the direction bffrfe of the appropriate Weapon (indicated by the arrow 100), rear-side first partial cylinder chamber 6 is filled with a brake fluid (usually oil) 8. Moreover, in the first: partial cylinder chamber 6 is arranged an gpdaily displaceable piston 9. which is connected to a piston rod 10. The piston rod 10 is axially guided through the rear wall 11 of the breech part 3 and, at its end facing away from the piston 9, is connected to the breech housing 1.

Can be seen froth the figures, the first partial cylinder chamber 6, together with the piston # and thespiston rod 10, form a plunger cylinder.

In the second (front) partial cylinder chamber 7 is arranged an elastic closing element 12, which is constituted by a closing spring configured as a compression spring. The closing spring 12 is supported with its one end 13 against the compensating piston 5, and with its other end 14 against the front wall (breech face) of the IS of the breech part 3!

Below, with the aid of Figures 1 fo 3, the working method of tire weapon breech mechanism 1 according to the invention is examined in greater detail.

In the starting position of the breech mechanism 1, represented in Fig. 1, the breech part 3 is in its front position. Here, the brake fluid | in the first partial cylinder clamber 6 is pretensioned by the closing spring 12 via the compensating piston 5. With this compression force| over the area of the cross section of the piston rod 10, the latter is forced out of the breech part 3 thu,» the bieech part 3 is forced against a stop 16 in the weapon housing 2.

Upon the firing of a cartridge (not represented^, the propellant gases act on the breech face 15 of the breech part 3. This leads to an acceleration of the breech part 3 counter tb the direction of fire, and thus to a movement of the breech part 3 in the recoil direction.

Here., the pressure in the first partial cylinder chamber 6 increases: as a result of the displaced volume of the incoming piston 9, so that the compensating piston 5 is displaced by the brake fluid 8 and further tensions the closing spring 12. ©Pee the fecoi! Of the breech part 3 is concluded (Fig. 2), the breech part 3 is displaced in the direction of fire by the force, acing on the compensating piston 5, of the closing spring 12 (Fig. 3), until the said breech part has regained its starting position (Fig, 1).

Instead of, for instance, the closing spring 12, an elastic rubber and/or plastics part (voluminous!, or a gas spring, or Oise compressible gas, can be used as the elastic closing element.

Where: a rubber/plastics part is used, the: compensating piston 12 in the described form pan be omitted, since that side of the rubber and/or plastics part which is facing towards the brake fluid can then assume the function of the said compensating piston.

Reference symbol list 1 weapon breech mechanism, breed i mechanism 2 breech housing 3 breech part 4 cylinder chamber 5 compensating piston 6 (first) partial cylinder chamber 7 (second) partial cylinder chamber 8 brake fluid 9 piston 10 piston rod 11 wall 12 closing element, closing spring 13, 14 ends 1 s wall, breech face 16 stop 100 arrow (direction of fire)

Claims (6)

A mass-lockable weapon bottom system with a bottom piece (3) that can be slidably mounted in a bottom body housing (2) in a particular weapon and a resilient closure element (12) with the features: a) the bottom part (3) is designed as a hollow cylinder, wherein the cylinder compartment (4) is divided into two sub-cylinder compartments (6, 7) by an axially displaceable compensating piston (5); (b) the first partial cylinder compartment (6) located on the rear side is filled with a brake fluid (8), viewed in the direction of the shot in question; c) an axially displaceable piston (9) is provided in the first sub-cylinder compartment (6) which is connected to a piston rod (10) which is axially passed through the rear wall (11) of the bottom part (3) and at its end facing away from the piston (9), is connected to the bottom housing (2); d) in the second sub-cylinder compartment (7), the resilient closure element (12) holding the equalizing piston (5) in an initial position is arranged so that, by the recirculating bottom part (3), as a result of the piston (9) moving into the in the first sub-cylinder compartment (6), the offset s is displaced (5) towards the closure member (12) and the closure member (12) is tightened. Weapon-bottom piece system according to claim 1, characterized in that the closing element (12) is a compression spring which, with one end (13), rests on the equalizing piston (5) and with its other end (14) on the bottom piece (3). ) front wall (15). Weapon base system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the braking fluid (8) is an oil. Weapon base system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first sub-cylinder compartment (6) together with the piston (9) and the piston rod (10) form a plunger cylinder. Weapon base system according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the resilient closure element (12) is compressed gas, a gas spring or the like. 6. Mass-lockable weapon base system with base piece part (3) which can be slidably mounted in a base body housing (2) in a particular weapon, and an elastic closure element (12) with the features: a) the base part part (3) is designed as a hollow cylinder where the cylinder compartment ( 4) is divided into two sub-cylinder compartments (6, 7) by means of the elastic closure element (12), for example an elastic rubber and / or plastic part; (b) the first partial cylinder compartment (6) located on the rear side is filled with a brake fluid (8), viewed in the direction of the shot in question; c) the elastic rubber and / or plastic part closes at the end (14) of the second sub-cylinder compartment (7).