DE973699C - Melt offset for the production of white enamels clouded by titanium - Google Patents
Melt offset for the production of white enamels clouded by titaniumInfo
- Publication number
- DE973699C DE973699C DEF2650D DEF0002650D DE973699C DE 973699 C DE973699 C DE 973699C DE F2650 D DEF2650 D DE F2650D DE F0002650 D DEF0002650 D DE F0002650D DE 973699 C DE973699 C DE 973699C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- enamels
- vol
- titanium
- white
- andrews
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 title claims description 16
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 title claims description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 11
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium carbonate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]C([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001553 barium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005283 ground state Effects 0.000 description 1
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003605 opacifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZXQKFMYJTOVAMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;titanium(4+);silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Ti+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] ZXQKFMYJTOVAMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005494 tarnishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003752 zinc compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/02—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form
- C03C8/06—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form containing halogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/062—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/11—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing halogen or nitrogen
- C03C3/112—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing halogen or nitrogen containing fluorine
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C4/00—Compositions for glass with special properties
- C03C4/02—Compositions for glass with special properties for coloured glass
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Description
Schmelzversatz zur Herstellung titangetrübter weißer Emails Obwohl die Verwendung von Titandioxyd zum Weißtrüben von Emails schon lange bekannt ist, hat sich das Verfahren, Emails mit Titandioxyd zu trüben, in der Technik nicht durchgesetzt, im wesentlichen wohl aus dem Grunde, weil sich in vielen Emails das Titandioxyd stark löst und das gelöst bleibende Titandioxyd natürlich keine Trübwirkung ausübt. Um den Nachteil der Löslichkeit des Titandioxyds in den Emails zu beheben, hat man den Versätzen Zusätze gegeben, die die Löslichkeit des Titandioxyds herabdrücken. Einen gewissen Erfolg in diesem Sinne brachte der Zusatz von Tonerde, er war jedoch mit dem Nachteil verbunden, daß die Schmelzen sehr zähflüssig wurden, so daß die Verarbeitung sehr erschwert wurde. Um wiederum diese Schwierigkeit zu überwinden, ist vorgeschlagen worden, einen besonderen Trübkörper, der neben Kieselsäure, Alkali und Titandioxyd Tonerde bzw. Zinkoxyd und/oder Erdalkalien enthielt, zu erschmelzen, die zunächst klare Schmelze längere Zeit zu tempern, wobei sie sich trübt, und den erhaltenen Trübkörper in gemahlenem Zustand Emailversätzen zuzugeben.Melt offset for the production of white enamels that are cloudy with titanium the use of titanium dioxide to turn enamel white has been known for a long time, the process of tarnishing enamels with titanium dioxide has not established itself in technology, mainly because there is titanium dioxide in many enamels dissolves strongly and the titanium dioxide that remains dissolved naturally has no opacifying effect. In order to remedy the disadvantage of the solubility of the titanium dioxide in the enamels, one has Additives were added to the offsets, which depress the solubility of the titanium dioxide. The addition of clay brought a certain success in this sense, but it was associated with the disadvantage that the melts were very viscous, so that the Processing was made very difficult. To overcome this difficulty again, It has been proposed to use a special turbid substance which, in addition to silica, alkali and titanium dioxide contained alumina or zinc oxide and / or alkaline earths to melt, to temper the initially clear melt for a long time, whereby it becomes cloudy, and the the resulting turbid bodies in the ground state to add enamel offsets.
Es ist auch schon ein Verfahren zur Erhöhung der trübenden Wirkung von mit Titandioxyd getrübten Emails bekannt, das darin besteht, daß ein fluorfreier Emailversatz zur Anwendung kommt oder bei fluorhaltigem Emailversatz die Einwirkung des Fluors durch Zusatz von Verbindungen der Erdalkalien oder durch Zusatz von Titandioxyd zur Schmelze außer dem dem Emailversatz als Trübungsmittel auf der Mühle zugesetzten Titandioxyds aufgehoben wird. Die hierbei verwendeten Versätze waren hochborhaltig (über 30%) und enthielten 4)/, Zinkoxyd. Diese geringe Menge an Zinkoxyd bringt bei hochborhaltigen Versätzen - falls nicht große Zusätze an Erdalkali oder Titan genommen werden - keine ge-_ nügende Trübwirkung hervor.It is also a process to increase the opacifying effect from opacified with titanium dioxide Emails, which consists of that a fluorine-free enamel offset is used or with fluorine-containing enamel offset the action of fluorine through the addition of compounds of alkaline earths or through Addition of titanium dioxide to the melt in addition to the enamel offset as an opacifier on the mill added titanium dioxide is canceled. The here used Offsets had a high boron content (over 30%) and contained 4) /, zinc oxide. This low The amount of zinc oxide in the case of highly boron-containing offsets - if not large additions alkaline earth metal or titanium are taken - no sufficient opacifying effect emerges.
Es wurde nun gefunden, daß alle diese Schwierigkeiten überwunden werden
und ein Email mit sehr guter Trübung erhalten wird, wenn man einen Versatz verwendet,
der bei borfreier Zusammensetzung, berechnet auf nichtflüchtige Substanz, etwa 14°/o
Zn0 und etwa 16')/, Ti 02 enthält. Ein weiterer Gehalt des Versatzes an einer Erdalkali-,
insbesondere einer Bariumverbindung und/oder einer Fluorverbindung hat sich als
vorteilhaft erwiesen. Die Herstellung dieser Fritten erfolgt in der üblichen Weise
durch Zusammenschmelzen der eine Titan- und eine Zinkverbindung in den angegebenen
Mengenverhältnissen enthaltenden Versätze. Beim Schmelzen entsteht zunächst ein
klarer, nicht getrübter Fluß. Schmilzt man diesen, mit den üblichen Mühlenzusätzen
versehen, auf den zu emaillierenden Gegenstand auf, so trübt sich das Email beim
Abkühlen durch Ausscheiden feinster Kriställchen. Die Trübung ist so gut, daß ein
einmaliger Überzug zur-- völligen Deckung ausreicht. Das Ausscheiden der trübenden
Kristalle aus einem zunächst klaren Fluß ist um so überraschender, als nach neueren
Forschungen angenommen werden mußte, daß Titanverbindungen, die in borfreien Emails
in Lösung gegangen sind, beim Abkühlen nicht mehr als Kristalle ausgeschieden werden.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEF2650D DE973699C (en) | 1943-03-13 | 1943-03-13 | Melt offset for the production of white enamels clouded by titanium |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEF2650D DE973699C (en) | 1943-03-13 | 1943-03-13 | Melt offset for the production of white enamels clouded by titanium |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE973699C true DE973699C (en) | 1960-05-05 |
Family
ID=7083374
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEF2650D Expired DE973699C (en) | 1943-03-13 | 1943-03-13 | Melt offset for the production of white enamels clouded by titanium |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE973699C (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE590651C (en) * | 1928-11-06 | 1934-01-08 | O Hommel Company | Enamelling process |
| US1990812A (en) * | 1932-02-05 | 1935-02-12 | Rohm & Haas | Acid resisting vitreous enamel |
| US2063252A (en) * | 1934-02-09 | 1936-12-08 | Titanium Alloy Mfg Co | Vitreous enamel and method of making same |
| DE702057C (en) * | 1938-03-05 | 1941-01-29 | Kaiser Wilhelm Inst Fuer Silik | Black enamels and glazes |
-
1943
- 1943-03-13 DE DEF2650D patent/DE973699C/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE590651C (en) * | 1928-11-06 | 1934-01-08 | O Hommel Company | Enamelling process |
| US1990812A (en) * | 1932-02-05 | 1935-02-12 | Rohm & Haas | Acid resisting vitreous enamel |
| US2063252A (en) * | 1934-02-09 | 1936-12-08 | Titanium Alloy Mfg Co | Vitreous enamel and method of making same |
| DE702057C (en) * | 1938-03-05 | 1941-01-29 | Kaiser Wilhelm Inst Fuer Silik | Black enamels and glazes |
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