DE9216358U1 - Processing and filling facility - Google Patents

Description

DESCRIPTION

The invention relates to a processing and filling device into which various materials of different consistencies are pre-sorted, in which they are partially processed and sorted into containers. The processing and filling device is preferably suitable for processing waste and garbage, hereinafter referred to as waste (materials), in the household and commercial sectors.

The aim of the invention is to make work easier in the areas of use mentioned, in such a way that an environmentally conscious handling of waste (materials) is promoted. The user is able to separate waste (materials) in the home without a significant additional space requirement and to reuse or dispose of it immediately. The invention complies with the dual system of disposal. Municipal differences in collection are taken into account. The amount of materials put into the household waste containers (dump) by individual households despite municipal measures for reasons of time and space (only one garbage can is set up) is reduced considerably. This means that the problem of waste (materials) is addressed at its root and a solution is found.

The overall volume of waste is reduced by shredding and compacting selected types of waste, and by processing different types of _waste separately, energy consumption is reduced.

A solution is known: "garbage press for pressing waste into bags in connection with waste collection chutes in houses and high-rise buildings" as given in GM 74 33 462. It is a system that presses unsorted waste (materials) from several households into bags, which are fed onto a ring-shaped disc. No separation is carried out in this system. This system is limited in its area of use and application. It requires the waste to be transported away in bags and requires the presence of collection chutes. The idea of recycling materials and thus reducing the total amount of waste is not directly met.

The solution shared in OS DS 41 Ou Kö 3rörg<5s "device for shredding and collecting plastic waste" is limited to shredding plastic waste in accordance with the task, with the aim of reusing it cheaply. It corresponds to the need to separate these materials from household waste. This solution does not fully address existing disposal and recycling systems and only covers a part of the waste problem. It cannot be clearly assigned to either the household (causation) or recycling (recovery) area. The intended structure is likely to be unfavourable for the household area due to the space required (linear movement of the carrier). Patent DE 28 160 49 A1 also presents a solution in which, as described above, garbage is pressed into bags without separation. The focus of the solution is the compact design of the pressing device, which makes it possible to use this device in smaller spaces. This solution assumes that the garbage is processed in the container intended for storage and transport. This makes a support structure necessary - which then makes it difficult to remove the filled containers (garbage bags).

The invention is explained below using three exemplary embodiments.

The accompanying drawings show t Pig.1: Fully mechanized variant in which manual handling is limited to the operation of buttons, the pre-sorted input of waste (materials) and the removal of full bags as well as necessary maintenance J?ig.2: provides information on the operating logic and the logistics of the device (Ji'ig.1 and 4)

Fig.3: provides information about the basic structure and the sorting principle underlying all embodiments Fig.4: variant with reduced technical effort, foot actuating elementC31) for operating a press(b) Fig.5: variant that can only be operated manually, reduced volume, with replacement tool

Pig.1 shows the first embodiment, ^&ugr; 5,&bgr; processing device consists of the housing (46), which complies with the grid size for cakes with its external dimensions (ö20 &khgr; 60ü &khgr;6&udigr;&thgr;).

In the lower area, the star-shaped support element (4) is mounted so that it can rotate on its vertical axis and is provided with ring-shaped holders for six waste bags (20-25^see also Fig.4). The following are placed in the bags: "kitchen waste (uncleaned waste)" bag (20), "garbage, unclassifiable waste" bag (21), "dead waste (cans, tins)" bag (22), "paper (small cardboard boxes, packaging, crumpled paper, files!)" bag (23), "composite materials" bag (24), "plastic waste" bag (25). Large packaging, waste paper, newspapers and building rubble are not intended. These materials, which are not part of the daily routine of a household, must be disposed of separately. White glass, green glass and brown glass are also disposed of in the usual way directly in the appropriate municipal collection containers.

In the upper part of the housing (46) there is the drawer-like insert part (45) which is mounted on two guide rails (16) and can be extended and retracted via the drive motor (1u), the coupling (11) and the rack drive (15), which combines the filling points (1,2,3) with associated feeds (18) and the processing devices (Y,9) and the input device (8) with sizing and retention function in a compact assembly. The insert part (45) can be pulled out to the very front for repair and maintenance work, e.g. when the electronic display "shredder dirty"("34) prompts ^you to clean it. The device is started up using the power switch (35), as shown in Figure 2. The insert part (45) is then moved out to the input position, as described above, by pressing the "In/out insert part" button (35). Now, for example, cans can be placed in the filling point (1). A bowl of potato peelings could be emptied into the filling point (2) (or alternatively, rubbish or garbage). An empty bottle of dishwashing liquid and an empty bottle of glass cleaner (alternatively

Composite cartons or paper waste) The plastic bags should be rinsed out and dry. Other plastic packaging should be cleaned of food residues and also dry. It is assumed that households that are suitable as a target group for a processing and filling facility also have a dishwasher in which plastic packaging is always cleaned at the same time.

After loading, the pre-selection buttons (36-4I) are pressed according to the type of waste introduced. In the present example, the pre-selection buttons (36) "metal waste" (37) "kitchen waste" and (38) "plastic waste" would be pressed. The processing and sorting process is triggered by the puncture button (34) "move in/out the insert part". First, the insert part (43) moves into the processing and sorting position. Then the electronically controlled drive motor with low power (14) causes the star-shaped support element (4) which is rotatably mounted on its vertical axis with the bags (20-25) attached to the sides of the star-shaped cantilevered arms to rotate, so that the bags with the contents called up reach the corresponding filling opening. In the example chosen, the bag (22) "metal waste" is now under the filling point CO, the bag (20) "kitchen waste" is under the filling point (2) and the bag (24) "plastic waste" is under the filling point (3). This situation is the ideal case for the The processes "pressing" (7,18), "filling" (8) and "shredding" (9,18) can be carried out simultaneously without the carrier element (4) having to be repositioned by rotation after the end of a process in accordance with the sequence of input. To do this, the processor (not shown) activates the electromechanical coupling (11) to establish the engagement between the higher-power drive motor (10) and the shredder (9), as well as via the drive (47) with the conveyor screw (18) and at the same time via the electromechanical coupling (12) with the roller press (7) and the drive (48) with the associated conveyor screw (18). At the same time, the retaining device (not shown) of the input device (S) is released electromechanically. After completion of the time-dependent processes, the functional elements just described are used to determine the output

condition restored.

The rotation of the star-shaped carrier element (4) which is rotatably mounted on its vertical axis for positioning the respective bags (20-25) always takes place in the same direction of rotation, i.e. not on the shortest path, so that all bags pass at intervals the electronic measuring point of the permissible fill level (43), which can then be signaled by a flashing of the corresponding pre-selection button (36-41), and the electronic measuring point (44) arranged immediately above it to block the filling points (1,2,3) when the permissible fill level ¹ 'is exceeded, which makes further input impossible :< and forces the removal of the full bag or bags' (2u-25). The measurement of the fill levels could be carried out using ultrasound.

The bags (20-25) are removed by pressing the corresponding pre-selection button (36-41) and the "take up removal position" function button (42). The star-shaped support element (4), which is rotatable in its vertical axis, rotates the corresponding bag (20-25) into the removal position. The flap for closing the removal opening ('30) can now be opened and the full waste bag can be exchanged for an empty one. The process can be repeated as often as required until all bags (20, 25, 30) have been exchanged. The exchange process is not tied to blocking the filling openings (O, 2, 3).

To prevent the bags (20-25) from swinging and trailing, a support element (5) corresponding to the upper star-shaped receptacles of the part (4) is arranged directly above the lower bearing of the star-shaped carrier element (4) which is rotatably mounted in its vertical axis, which support element simultaneously catches part of the load of full bags and is in turn mounted in such a way that a slight shaking movement (up and down movement) occurs when rotating, so that the materials fed in are additionally compacted.

ifig.4 shows a variant with reduced technical effort to implement the required functions. The basic structure and the mode of operation, in particular the electronic control, corresponds to the variant shown in Fig.i. The aim was to use muscle power (leg

power) to implement a function with the aim of reducing energy consumption and technical effort (price) and at the same time setting an accent against the over-technologicalization of today's households. The advantages of a microprocessor control are used to the full extent.

The device has three structurally separate filling points (2, 3), which are closed with flaps (27 + 28, 29). The flaps can be opened by operating the release elements (26). The pre-selection buttons (36-41) assigned to the respective filling point (1, 2, 3) are arranged in a clear manner on these release elements (26). The desired waste type is called up by operating the corresponding pre-selection button (36-41). The carrier element (4), which is rotatable on its vertical axis, now rotates the desired waste bag (20, 25) under the corresponding filling point (1, 2, 3) (see also Fig.3). It is driven by the low-power electric motor (14) located in the upper part of the housing (46') and controlled by an angle sensor. The activated pre-selection button (36-41) acknowledges this by lighting up evenly. If a situation arises in which two further types of waste are ready for filling, the corresponding pre-selection buttons (36-41) signal that they are ready for filling even when not activated. The corresponding flaps (26, 27, 29) can be opened by operating the mechanical release element (2b) and the corresponding filling points (1, 2, 3) can be filled. The shredder (9), which is driven by the directly flanged drive motor with higher power (13), and the conveyor screw (18), which is forcibly coupled via the drive (47), work after the flap (29) is closed. Electromechanical couplings are not required in this variant. The number of components is reduced. This also applies to the input device (8), which is designed as a simple passage, since the flap (28) only opens when the container (20) for "kitchen waste" or the container (21) for "trash and unclassifiable waste" has been driven underneath. The press with foot lever drive (6) arranged in the filling point (1) can also only be operated when the flap (27) of the filling part (1) is closed again. The press with foot lever drive is operated by by pushing down the soot lever (31). This compresses metal waste (cans, tins).

-S-

After the pressing process, a lock (49) is released mechanically using the return movement of the foot lever (31), so that the pressed material slides over the inclined cheek of the press into the container (22).

The fill level indicator and the removal and replacement of full bags (20-25) is carried out in the same way as in the variant described in Fig. 1 (1st embodiment). The difference is that the "assume removal position" function button (42) is located on the flap in the lower area of the housing (46) for closing the removal opening (30). The flap can be opened by pressing the mechanical release element (26).

For maintenance work, the flap (29) for closing the filling point (3) can be folded down completely and the carriage (17) consisting of the shredder (9) and the conveyor screw (18) can be pulled out on the guide rails (16). This is necessary, for example, if the warning indicator "shredder dirty" located in the lower area next to ^the main switch (34) lights up and the shredder has to be cleaned. Approx. 541 pieces of waste can be stored in the processing and filling device Fig.1 and Fig.4 (1st and 2nd embodiment).

Fig.5 shows a variant that can only be operated manually. It represents an alternative to the large number of electrically operated household appliances. The basic principle is retained. The device consists of a container-shaped housing (46) and is closed with the cover element (50). To reduce the bag size, the number of containers (20-25) is reduced to four. Kitchen waste (wet waste) and rubbish and unclassifiable waste go into a bag (20/21) and composite materials and plastic waste are sorted into a bag (24/25). It is assumed that the latter can be separated for reuse. The bags are in turn suspended in ring-shaped receiving elements on the arms of the support element (4) which is mounted so that it can rotate on its vertical axis. When the cover element (50) is opened, the device can be viewed and the waste can be sorted manually.

This handling corresponds to the situation filling point 2 at

the embodiments already described.
The CD filling points (1,3) are in the input device (8)
Paper, composite materials, plastic waste and metal waste are fed in here and compacted or
shredded. Processing is carried out by turning the hand crank (32). This drives the gear (19) for driving the roller press (7) and the single-clutch shredder (9). The roller press (T) is constantly engaged and is used for shredding paper (23), composite materials (25) and plastic waste (24) in which the shredder (9)
is inserted manually as a forced feed. The corresponding bags (23,24/25,22) are provided by turning
of the star-shaped support element (4) which is rotatably mounted in its vertical axis by hand. The removal of the
Bags are provided as required.

Claims (1)

s &sgr;&eegr;&ugr;&tgr;&zgr;&agr; &eacgr; S &rgr; r ü c-.h &egr; ' 1. Processing and filling device with which different materials of different consistencies can be fed into suitable containers and stored, whereby these can be partially converted, preferably suitable for processing waste and garbage, hereinafter referred to as waste (materials), in the household and commercial sector, characterized by that there are several filling stations into which the waste (materials) is fed and in which it is processed immediately if necessary. Furthermore characterized by the fact that suitable containers or bags can be provided in such a way that a sorted filling, sedimentation, collection and storage is possible, that the various containers or bags are filled differently depending on the amount of waste generated and the upper fill levels are displayed individually and that if the upper fill level in a container or bag is exceeded by a certain permissible amount, no further waste is accepted, or that there is a direct visual control that makes it possible to estimate when a bag must be removed and replaced with an empty one, or when a container must be emptied. Furthermore characterized by the fact that this measure... can be carried out either individually or as a whole at certain intervals. 2. Processing and filling device according to claim 1 characterized in that the filling points are designed in such a way that the input of waste (materials), even under the given spatial inconveniences such as those found in kitchens in living areas where a number of large household appliances are installed are easily possible. 3. Processing and filling device according to claim 1 and characterized in that that the input of waste (materials) preferably takes place from the front/top, in such a way that the input points (1,2,3) are to be equipped in the upper area of the front of the housing (46). 4. Processing and filling device according to claim 1 and characterized in that that its dimensions can be minimized so that the input of waste (materials) is also possible from above. 5. Processing and filling device according to claims 1-3 characterized, that the processing devices assigned to the individual filling stations can be moved individually or as a whole in a unit for the purpose of cleaning and maintenance or to assume the working position (17), or the filling stations ('1,2,3) with the associated processing stations (7,8,^) are combined in a pull-out insert part (45). 6. Processing and filling device according to claims 1-4 characterized in that the individual filling points or containers or bags can be covered in a suitable manner with flaps (27, 28, 29) individually or as a whole with a flap or a comparable covering element (5u), or that the filling points are designed in such a way that they are covered in the working and idle states due to their construction (45). 7. Processing and filling device according to claims 1-3, characterized in that the processing facilities located in the individual filling sheds are equipped with suitable feeders(18) 8. processing and filling device according to claims 1-3, characterized in that the processing devices (7,9) located in the individual filling points can be driven mechanically (λ,δ3) or manually (31,32). 9'. Processing and filling device according to claim 1,3,5 \ characterized in that the filling points can be designed as a crusher-like structure with direct passage or retention or dosing function (8). 10. Processing and filling device according to claim 1,3,5,8 characterized in that the filling parts (3) are designed as a shredder (y) or grinder or other shredding device with suitable feed (i8). 11. Processing and filling device according to claim 1,3,5,8, characterized in that that the filling points (1) are designed as compressors or presses (6,7) with suitable feed (18). 12. Processing and filling device according to claim 1,3,5 characterized in that the respective filling points are designed as cleaning or washing sections. 13. Processing and filling device according to claim 1,3,!? characterized in that that the filling points have the features mentioned, such as a weighing device or counter. 14. Processing and filling device according to claim 1, characterized in that that containers or bags (20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25) are arranged in a circle on a star-shaped support element (4) which is rotatably mounted on its vertical axis, for this purpose the ends of the star-shaped projecting arms are designed as receptacles. 15. Processing and filling device according to claim 1,14 characterized in that a star-shaped carrier element (4) which is rotatably mounted on its vertical axis is rotated by hand or by means of a low-power electric motor (14) which is electronically controlled via the pre-selection buttons "metal waste"(36'),"kitchenwaste" ( ³⁷ ), "plastic waste" (38), "garbage and unclassifiable waste" (39), "composite materials" (40) and "paper" (41), by an amount so that the desired container or bag (20-25) comes under the filling part (1 or 2,3) provided for it and in this way the filling readiness is made. 16. Processing and filling device according to claim 1,14,15 characterized in that the carrier element (-4) moved by a low-power electric motor (14) always rotates in the same direction, so that all containers or bags regularly move past an electronic measuring point (43), so that The pre-selection button (34-4I) flashes to indicate the permissible fill level and to prompt you to remove the relevant container or bag (20-25). 17. Processing and filling device according to claim 1,14-16 characterized in that if the permissible filling level is exceeded, another measuring point C44) arranged above blocks the respective filling point (1,2,3) and overfilling is avoided. 18. Processing and filling device according to claim 1,5»6 ^&Lgr; characterized in that that the processing points (7, 8, 9) combined in a removable insert part (45) are mechanically extended by means of a drive (1u) and a transmission element (15) to receive the waste (materials), and this process is triggered by the electrical actuating element (35). After the filling points have been filled with pre-sorted waste (materials), the removable insert part (45) is retracted into the processing and filling position again by an electrical command from the actuating element (35). 19.Processing and filling device according to claim 1,5,6,15 characterized, that the flaps (27, 28, 29) which close the filling points (1, 2, 3) < with the associated processing points (7, 8, 9) can be opened optionally to collect the waste (materials) via mechanical ... elements (26") on which the pre-selection buttons (36-41) are arranged. When the flaps are pressed shut, these elements close and trigger the processing process. 2&ugr;. Processing and separating device according to 4toSpruch 1,16 characterized by that the containers or bags are turned into the removal position by hand by pressing the carrier element (4) or that the corresponding container or bag (20-25) is called up and turned into the removal position by pressing the button (42) "assume removal position" in combination with the corresponding pre-selection button (C34-41), then the flap (30) for closing the removal opening in the lower area of the processing and filling device is released or this can be opened by pressing a mechanical release element, and the containers or bags can thus be removed. 21. Processing and filling device according to claim 1,14, characterized in that as a counterpart to the star-shaped support element (4) which is rotatably mounted on its vertical axis, there is a part (5) which also supports the load of the containers or bags, which fixes the containers or bags in their position during rotational movements and is suitable for generating a shaking movement at the end of the containers or bags, which improves the sedimentation or compaction of the waste (materials) filled in.