DE9116679U1 - Soil cultivation device, liftable and tiltable container and chassis - Google Patents

Description

Soil tillage device, lifting and tilting container and chassis

The invention relates to a device for soil cultivation, in particular street cleaning, lawn and/or other landscape maintenance, a container which is designed in particular to receive collected material arising during soil cultivation, and a chassis which is designed in particular to receive and transport the soil cultivation device and/or the container.

Such components are integrated into a soil processing system as part of a well-known towable lawn sweeper for collecting green waste and leaves as well as for scarifying and flail mowing (see the brochure from Kalink Areal- und Agrar-Flächenpflegmaschinen-Vertriebs-GmbH in 8137 Berg 2 / Starnberger See). A double brush system arranged one above the other also transports wet and heavy sweepings into the large-volume container placed over it. Its optimal filling is achieved through a closed design, with the sweepings outlet of the brush system and the inlet area of the container running diagonally parallel to each other. However, this creates air vortices in the conveyor channel from the brush system outlet to the container inlet, which hinder complete filling, especially as the container fill level increases. A hydraulically operated high-emptying mechanism is provided for tipping the container, which works according to the principle of parallelogram lifting. This means that the container can be lifted beyond the rear edge of the entire machine so that it can be loaded directly onto trucks.

However, parallelogram lifting requires a rod that is complex and made up of many parts, especially joints, which can easily affect reliability and make production more expensive. By raising the - heavily loaded - container beyond the rear edge of the entire machine, the additional problem of operational safety is raised: raising the container in this way causes a shift in the weight, which can lead to the entire machine tipping over. In addition, the low-pressure lawn tires with possibly 4-6 wheels do not take special off-road requirements into account.

The problem underlying the invention is thus raised, while avoiding all of the disadvantages mentioned, to further develop the components mentioned - soil tillage device, container, chassis - in such a way that, especially when integrated into a soil tillage system, work safety, reliability and operational efficiency are increased and the cost of design and manufacture is reduced.

According to a first alternative invention, in a device for soil processing with a container into which collected material is transported from the soil processing unit, an alternative space is proposed which is largely kept free of collected material and which is surrounded by walls and which adjoins the area of the container inlet for receiving air and/or air vortices which are displaced or triggered by the flow of collected material. The alternative space thus forms an empty or free zone which enables compensation for the air pressure caused by the flow. For this purpose, the alternative space is arranged in such a way that it is in effective connection with the transition area from the

Processing unit outlet to container inlet. This allows the location of the air vortex to be shifted from the collected material conveying flow path so that the latter is not affected.
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According to one embodiment of this invention, the escape space is arranged above the container inlet and/or the conveyor outlet of the processing unit. This makes advantageous use of the fact that collected material - such as cuttings, mown grass or sweepings - is heavier than air, so that the latter can escape upwards without interference.

According to another embodiment of this invention, the wall of the escape space, which serves to seal off the outside environment, and the container wall are structurally integrated; this can be achieved in a cheap, simple production process, above all by shaping the container in such a way that the escape space is formed within it.

The container wall and the escape space wall can then be designed as one piece. In this context, it is advantageous if the escape space wall has a square profile. This enables the formation of a straight front wall running perpendicular to the ground and facing any direction of travel. This creates a straight front wall with the advantage that the
Large amounts of dust, such as that generated when sweeping, are kept as far away from the towing vehicle as possible.

For the above-mentioned reasons of utilising gravity, it is advisable if the wall of the avoidance space surrounds the processing unit laterally and/or

from above. In other words, the processing unit is inserted into the surrounding wall and, if applicable, the container wall from below.

According to a further development of this invention alternative, the separation of the escape space from the area of the container inlet for the transported collected goods is realized in a structurally extremely simple manner by means of a flow guide wall, e.g. made of sheet metal. The flow of collected goods can then run parallel to this, and behind the end edge of the guide plate the air vortices can escape into the free or empty space.

According to a second alternative of the invention, in a device for emptying a container, which can be implemented in particular in accordance with the above statements, wherein the emptying device is provided with a frame and an actuator device for lifting and pivoting the container, it is proposed that the frame has one or more linear guides, optionally with stroke limiting elements, with which guide parts engage so as to be extendable up to the respective limiting element and are each connected to the container via a joint point for pivoting it. Since the container is both pivotably articulated and linearly displaceable according to the invention, it is possible to split its movement sequence into both a linear movement and a pivoting or tilting movement. These two categories of movement
Translation and rotation - can basically take place simultaneously or one after the other. The stroke limiting elements are not absolutely necessary for the realization of the basic idea of this invention alternative, but merely serve as an advantageous design. Already on the basis of the basic idea - without

Lift limiting elements - a flexible movement sequence for lifting and tipping the container for collected goods can be achieved via specific control of the actuator device, and is therefore well adapted to specific environmental conditions.

According to a specific implementation of this alternative invention, an actuator (belonging to the actuator device), which is suitably supported against the frame of the device, engages the container and moves it along the linear guide and/or around the articulation point. It is particularly advantageous if the point of action of the actuator is placed so close to the articulation point that the actuator force required to swivel the container up exceeds the actuator force required to push it up linearly. In other words, the lever arm between the articulation point and the point of action is designed to be so short that the torque generated in connection with the actuator force does not (initially) come into play or is lost compared to the upward displacement of the container in the linear guide. This results in a two-part movement sequence of the container for emptying it, namely first a lifting phase along the linear guide and then a tilting phase around the joint when the end of the linear movement is reached. In order to precisely set this end of linear movement and to implement it effectively, the stroke limiting elements already mentioned are extremely advantageous: if these are activated, the container can no longer be moved any further. The actuator element, which continues to work, now applies the (greater) actuator force required to generate the

The torque required to swing the container up is necessary. This ensures that the container tilts independently and only occurs after it has been raised.
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According to a further development of this alternative invention, guide parts of different linear guides are connected to one another for movement synchronization. In a further structural design, the linear guide is designed as a hollow rail in which a rod is accommodated as a guide part, which can be moved longitudinally and extended telescopically. A joint to the container can then be arranged at the end of the rod. In connection with the connection for movement synchronization and the design as a hollow rail, opposing longitudinal slots are particularly advantageously formed in different hollow rails, which longitudinal slots are penetrated by a strut that connects the guide parts, in particular guide rods of the respective hollow rails, to one another. In this design, there are therefore at least two linear guides with which the container is engaged via respective guide parts. By bracing the guide parts together, a stable linear movement is ensured.

In order to be able to completely fill the loading area of a commercial vehicle with the contents of the container, a further development provides for an angle of less than 90° between the ground contact surface and the linear guide. As a result, the linear guide runs at an incline towards the ground and when the container has reached the lifting limit when being raised, it can be tipped over the rear edge of the entire device and over the loading area of the commercial vehicle.

It is within the scope of this alternative invention to provide telescopically extendable actuating cylinders, which preferably work hydraulically, as drive elements. The advantage is that the cylinders are only half as long as the loading or dumping height and require very little oil.

According to a further development of this invention alternative, a locking device is provided for securing the container relative to the linear guide, especially when the stroke limiting elements become effective. This ensures that the container is initially only tilted back after it has been completely emptied, while the actuating cylinders or other drive elements are retracted; a linear return movement from the raised position is prevented by the locking device. The locking device is particularly advantageously designed in such a way that it is automatically released due to a swivel movement of the container. Above all, when the swivel movement has almost reached its end, the locking of the container is eliminated and the linear lowering movement phase can follow the tilting movement phase.

In its structural design, the locking device comprises a latch arranged stationary on the frame and a locking or unlatching element that is coupled to the movements of the guide element and/or can be actuated by a container lifting/swivelling movement. The container's linear movement, in particular lifting movement, leads to latching, while the swivelling movement acts on the locking element to unlatch.

To dampen noise and to counteract actuation by the container, it is advantageous to provide the engagement/disengagement device with a spring buffer, for example in the form of a coil spring.
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A further development of this invention alternative serves to implement a stroke limiting element: a recess is formed in the hollow rail, the preferably upper limiting edge of which forms a stop for a projection of the guide rod. If the guide rod moves upwards, the projection attached to it moves with it and finally hits the edge of the recess. Further displacement of the guide rod and thus linear movement of the container is then prevented; the container can then only be pivoted or tilted if further force is applied by the drive device.

Both of the above-mentioned invention alternatives - devices for working the soil and for emptying containers - are preferably designed to be mobile, namely mounted on a chassis with wheels or a running gear. Especially when working the soil on uneven terrain, the requirement arises for adaptability, off-road mobility and in particular even transfer of the ground pressure to the wheels and their tires, possibly multiple tires. This problem is met within the framework of the present invention complex by providing a running gear for the above-mentioned devices, which has wheel axles - preferably with wheels attached on both sides (double tires) - which are suspended so that they can pivot or swing around a pivot axis parallel to the ground contact surface. The swinging, i.e. the alternating up and down swinging of the wheel axle ends in the

In the case of double tires, the movement takes place in a plane perpendicular to the ground contact area and transverse to the direction of travel; in other words, the swivel or rocker axes normally run in the direction of travel. In a special design, the chassis is equipped with a number of independently swinging wheel axles. This type of "swing axle" in conjunction with multiple tires achieves a largely complete adaptation to uneven terrain and a low load on the ground to be maintained, as the pressure due to the vehicle weight is evenly distributed across several tires.

In the context just discussed there is a third alternative invention, which is directed to a device for wheel suspension, which can be combined with the previously discussed alternative inventions: For wheel suspension, the invention proposes to provide one or more hinge joints running in the direction of travel, via which transverse wheel axles are pivotably attached or suspended on the chassis frame. By using hinge joints that only allow rotational movements about one axis, stable adherence to the direction of travel is guaranteed. It is particularly advantageous if two or more hinge joints are arranged one behind the other in such a way that their longitudinal directions or axes of rotation are in a common alignment; in the sense of this development, a wheel axle is jointly assigned to this group of hinge joints. This has the advantage that the mechanically and dynamically strong loads to which the hinge joints are naturally exposed when used in soil cultivation and landscaping machines are evenly distributed and therefore do not have a serious impact. This results in a

Increased reliability and service life. The assignment to a common wheel axle is achieved by the fact that the aligned hinge joints are connected via a support bracket that is pivotably attached to them and to which the wheel axle is attached. The two legs of the support bracket end in pins or bolts that are each inserted into a guide to form the hinge and rotate around the hinge axis. Hollow profile pieces, preferably made of iron, can be used to attach the hinge joints to the chassis frame.

In order to be able to change the vehicle's center of gravity depending on the loading/unloading position and/or load condition in the aforementioned mobile devices, a fourth alternative to the invention proposes that one or more wheel axles are mounted on the chassis frame so that they can be moved in the direction of travel, with the displacement being carried out by means of a manually controlled and/or actuated actuator. This ability to move a wheel axle along the chassis has the advantage, especially in the container emptying device explained above, that when the container is unloaded in its raised position, the wheel axle can be moved directly in a vertical alignment under the swivel or tilt axis of the container. If the emptying device with container is mounted on a trailer, the rear axle of the towing vehicle is relieved of load or an entire vehicle is raised. Another advantage is the adaptability, as the axle load can be adjusted using the sliding axle.

In a further development of this invention alternative, several separate wheel axles can be moved independently of each other

stored and are operatively connected to a jointly assigned actuator drive element. In further detail, the separate wheel axles are connected to the drive element via a synchronization device, for example a cross strut 5 or rod, a synchronous gear or a chain drive. The wheel axles can then be positioned simultaneously and either at the same height in the direction of travel or symmetrically distributed across the chassis. For the practical implementation of the drive element, hydraulic and/or pneumatic actuator cylinders, manual crank drives or battery-operated electric motors are within the scope of the invention.

A structurally practical way of realizing the ability to move the wheel axles is to use guide rails that run in the direction of travel, along which one or more wheel axles can move. To protect against environmental and weather influences, a housing-like cover for the guide rail is useful.

In order to increase the manageability, maintainability and safety against impacts caused by bulky ground obstacles, in a fifth alternative invention, a ground working unit is provided in the chassis of a mobile device for soil cultivation, as explained above in particular, which can be supported against the ground contact surface via a ground feeler wheel and can be moved, in particular lifted upwards, via a parallelogram guide hinged to the chassis or frame. The ground working unit can be a mower or sweeper, for example. By being supported against the ground and any associated obstacles by means of the feeler wheel, impacts from the obstacle are transferred to the feeler wheel and lead to a

Deflection and a corresponding avoidance of the unit in front of the obstacle due to the flexible coupling via the movable parallelogram guide to the chassis frame.
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In a structural design of this idea, the feeler wheel is fixed to the soil tillage unit or its housing. According to another structural design, the soil tillage unit is attached or suspended in the parallelogram guide at four points and/or loosely or detachably, so that it can be easily removed from the chassis for maintenance purposes.

Further details, features and advantages within the scope of the invention complex emerge from the following description of preferred embodiments according to the invention and from the drawings. These show:

Fig. 1 a device for soil cultivation in

perspective representation,

Fig. 2 a schematic longitudinal section through

this device,
25

Fig. 3-6 each in perspective view

a soil tillage machine with a container emptying device according to the invention in different positions,
30

Fig. 7-9 in side view an inventive

Locking mechanism for the emptying device in different positions,

Fig. 10 the soil tillage machine with a

inventive wheel suspension in rear view,
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Fig. 11 and 12 each show an enlarged view of the

Wheel suspension,

Fig. 13 is a sectional view along the line XIII-XIII in Fig. 11,

Fig. 14 in perspective view the

inventive chassis for the
Soil tillage machine and
15

Fig. 15 and 16 show a schematic side view of the soil tillage unit of the soil tillage machine loosely mounted in a 4-point parallel guide in different positions.

According to Fig. 1, a soil processing machine 2, in the example shown a lawn sweeper, is attached to a towing vehicle 1. This consists of a container 3 for collected material, a soil processing unit 4 from which the collected material is thrown into the container, a chassis 5 and an attached container emptying device 6. The container 3 is shown in a raised and tilted position.

According to Fig. 2, the container 3 is tilted back and lowered so that it surrounds the upper part of the floor processing unit 4. In this, two transport brush rollers 7 arranged one above the other rotate, which are raised from the floor 8

Collect the collected material (not shown) and transport it into the container 3 as part of a collected material conveying flow 9. The formation of this conveying flow 9 is supported by flow guide plates 10, 11 of the processing unit 4 and the container 3. These form a nozzle for the outlet of the processing unit 4 and/or the inlet into the container interior 3. Due to the suction and centrifugal effect triggered by the brush rollers 7, air pressure differences and air vortices 12 inevitably arise. According to the invention, an escape space 13 is used to compensate for these air pressure differences and to catch the air vortices 12, the wall 14 of the container 3 also forms the enclosure or demarcation from the external environment. As a result, the air vortices 12 can no longer have a disruptive effect on the conveying flow 9, and the actual container collection space 15, which is located behind the processing unit 4 when viewed in the direction of travel 16, can be completely filled. On the other hand, the air vortices 12 are moved forwards over the soil processing unit 4 due to the escape space 13. The wall 14 of the container 3 and escape space 13 has a square profile and forms a straight housing front wall 17 in the front area to keep dust away from the driver's cab of the towing vehicle 1.

According to Fig. 3-6, the emptying device 6 has two parallel, upwardly directed hollow rails 18 as linear guides. Guide rods 19 are accommodated in them in a telescopically extendable manner. The upper ends of these guide rods 19 extend into triangular and cross-sectionally U-shaped connecting members 20, which are attached to the container 3. Both the ends of the guide rods 19 and the associated connecting members 20 are each penetrated by a bolt 21, so that hinges are formed.

The axes of rotation of these are in a common alignment, which runs transversely to the direction of travel 16 (see Fig. 1) behind the rear wall 22 of the container 3. The two guide parts 19 are connected by a transverse synchronization strut 23, which passes through the hollow rails 18 via opposite longitudinal slots 24 (see Fig. 7 9). This ensures that the two guide rods 19 are moved simultaneously and in a coordinated manner in the respective hollow rails 18. Furthermore, as can be seen in particular from Fig. 5, respective hydraulic actuating cylinders 25 are hinged to the two connecting members 20. The ends of these cylinders opposite this hinge point 26 are supported against the lower part of the emptying device 6 adjacent to the vehicle frame 50. In their retracted state, the adjusting cylinders 25 are only about half as long as the tipping and loading height of the rear wall 22 of the container 3 in the raised and tipped over state (see Fig. 6). Both the rear wall 22 and the hollow rails 18 and adjusting cylinders 25 do not run vertically relative to the ground contact surface, but rather at an angle in order to achieve lifting of the container 3 beyond the rear edge of the entire device (see Fig. 6). In this position, the rear wall 22 forms an inclined plane on which the collected goods can slide onto the loading area of a commercial vehicle (not shown).

The emptying device works as follows: According to Fig. 3, the actuating cylinders 25 are already partially extended. The lever arm formed between the bolt or hinge joint 21 and the actuating cylinder articulation point 26 is so small, however, that the force of the actuating cylinders is not converted into an upward pivoting of the container 3, but (initially) only into an upward linear movement along the hollow rails 18. This corresponds to the lever arm shown in Fig.

3, in which the already raised container bottom 27 still runs parallel to the possibly horizontal floor clearance surface.

As the lifting movement of the container 3, the guide rods 19 and the synchronization strut 23 projecting from them in a fixed position continues to increase, the upper end edge 28, which limits the longitudinal slot 24 of the hollow rail 18 (see Fig. 8), is reached, thereby limiting and ending the linear stroke 29 upwards. At the same time, the actuating cylinders 25 continue to exert force via their articulation points 26, which, in conjunction with the lever arms between the articulation points 26 and the hinge joints or bolts 21, results in a torque.

Since the container 3 can no longer move linearly in the guide rods 19 connected to it due to the stroke limit 23, 28 (see Fig. 8), where the top of the guide rod 23 strikes the opposite limit edge 28, the torque leads to a container swivel movement 30 if the force of the actuating cylinders 25 is sufficient.

The completion of this swivel movement 30 is shown in Fig. 6: The side upper edges 31 of the container 3 run in the same inclined alignment as the hollow rails 18. Since the perforated cover wall 32, which is the upper one in the starting position, is hinged to the front side 33 of the container, it is folded up into a vertical position due to its weight as shown in Fig. 6. In this case, collected material can slide out of the container 3 on the ramp formed by the (former) rear wall 22. Swiveling the container 3 by an angle of over 90° is achieved, among other things, by the positioning cylinders 25 with their articulation points 26 being very close to the hinge pins 21, the guide rods 19 and the

the hollow rails 18; this allows such a steep tilt angle for the container 3 to be achieved even with relatively short, single-stage telescopic cylinders.

If the actuating cylinders 25 are retracted from the position shown in Fig. 6, a reversal of the linear movement 29 must first be prevented and only a reversal of the pivoting movement 30 must be ensured. This is done by a locking mechanism 34, which is shown in detail in Fig. 7 - 9: A lever 36 is hinged to the outer wall of the hollow rail 18 in the area of the longitudinal extension of the longitudinal slot 24 via a joint projection 35. The opposite and upwardly projecting end of the lever 36, which extends beyond the longitudinal slot 24, is hooked into a tension spring 38 via a hole 37. The opposite end of the tension spring 38 is hooked into the hole 39 of a gallows-shaped connecting member 40, which is fixedly attached to the outer wall of the hollow rail 18. The side of the lever 36 facing the container 3 is stepped: the upper, narrower part ends in a stepped support shoulder 41, from the outer corner edge of which a sliding ramp 42 extends downwards to the joint projection 35. The sliding ramp 42 diverges/converges opposite the outward-facing side 43 of the lever 36 and forms an inclined plane. The locking mechanism also includes a push and release pin 44, which is slidably mounted in a sleeve 45 that is fixedly connected to the synchronization strut 23. The function of the synchronization strut could also be taken over by an additional or alternatively arranged cross-connecting iron 72. In the latter case, the synchronization strut 23 could be reduced to a protruding stump. The rear end of the pin 44 facing the container 3 is radially

a stop head 46. Between the stop head 46 and the sleeve 44, a compression spring 47 is arranged, which generates a preload on the pin 44 in a direction away from the container 3.
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The locking mechanism 34 functions as follows: The position shown in Fig. 7 corresponds approximately to the container position according to Fig. 3, i.e. the guide rod 19, together with the synchronization strut 23, carries out a continuous linear stroke 29 upwards. This ends when the top of the strut 23 stops at the limiting edge 28 of the hollow rail 18 or the longitudinal slot 24. The sliding head 48 at the end of the pin 44 opposite the stop head 46 has come into contact with the sliding ramp 42 and has then been moved upwards on it. The push pin 44 has given the lever 36 - due to the divergence between the sliding ramp 42 and the opposite outer side 43 - a corresponding pivoting movement against the force of the tension spring 38. The lever 36 can also be moved outwards by the linear guide itself in operation. If the linear stroke 29 changes into the swivel movement 30 of the container 3 explained above, the latter no longer presses on the stop head 46 of the push pin 44. As a result, the compression spring 47, which is clamped between the sleeve 45 and the stop head 46, can pull the pin 44 together with the sliding head 48 back from the sliding ramp 42, and the tension spring 48 can at least partially reverse the swiveling of the lever 36. In this case, the support shoulder 41 comes into a position below the synchronization strut 23, so that the latter can rest on it with its underside. Then (initially) despite the retraction of the actuating cylinders 25 shown in Fig. 3-6, a reversal of the linear stroke 29 is prevented by the support shoulder 41, because the

connected synchronization strut 23 strikes it, and the container 3 is linearly immobile relative to the guide rod 19 due to the hinge pin 21. The return pivoting movement 49 of the container 3 leads to its impact on the stop head 46 of the push and release pin 44, so that the latter is pushed against the sliding ramp by the sleeve 45.

4 2 of the lever 36 is pushed. The lever 36 is again tilted outwards against the force of the tension spring 38, so that the support shoulder 41 comes out of contact with the underside of the synchronization strut 23. Now the return pivoting movement 49 can change into a lowering movement, the opposite of the linear stroke 29 (see Fig. 9), whereby the position shown in Fig. 7 is again passed through.

According to Fig. 10, the chassis or frame 50 of the chassis

5 two separate wheel axles 51 are suspended so as to swing around an axis 52 parallel to the ground contact surface (see Fig. 13). Each end stub of the two wheel axles 51 is provided with a wheel, i.e. the wheel axles 51 are fitted with two tires. The effect that can be achieved with this is illustrated in Fig. 10: Both wheel axles 51 with two tires do not run parallel, but at an angle to the ground contact surface, because one tire of each of the two wheel sets 53a, 53b - in Fig. 10 the tires lying opposite each other on the inside - drives over an obstacle 54 that causes an unevenness, so that the respective outer tires of the wheel sets 53a, 53b are lower.

The design of this wheel suspension is illustrated in Fig. 11 - 13: Elongated hollow profile irons 55 are fixed to the chassis frame 50 and have hinge joints 57 on their underside via a projection 56. The hinge joints have, as can be seen in particular from Fig. 13, pivot pins 59 mounted in guide sleeves 58.

According to Fig. 13, two such hinge joints 57a, 57b are arranged one behind the other in the common alignment of the pivot axis 52 and are connected by a common, approximately gallows-shaped, support bracket 60 with a hollow profile. Both ends of this are connected in a rotationally fixed manner to a bolt or pin 59, so that the bracket 60 and the wheel axle 51 carried on it can swing around the pivot axis 52, as shown in Fig. 10 and 12. Fig. 11 shows the normal position of the wheel axle 51, not deflected by an obstacle 54.

According to Fig. 14, the previously explained soil tillage machine 2 is equipped with a chassis 5, on whose frame 50 the double-tired wheel axle 51 is suspended in such a way that it can be given a linear back and forth movement 61 in the direction of travel 16. For this purpose, a correspondingly extending guide rail 62 is structurally integrated in the chassis frame 50, which is surrounded by a sliding frame 63 that slides thereon. The wheel axle 51 is suspended in this, which can be done, for example, by means of the wheel suspension shown in Fig. 10 - 13 with the hollow profile iron 55 as a connection to the sliding frame 63. The sliding frame 63 has a support plate 64, on the top of which a spindle nut 65 sits. The internal thread of this engages the external thread of a spindle screw or shaft 66 that runs parallel to the guide rail 62. At one end a sprocket 67 is arranged in a rotationally fixed manner, which can be set in rotation by a chain drive 68. The chain drive serves to transmit a torque that is generated by a schematically indicated electric motor 69. The transmission imparts a rotation 71 to the sprocket 67 and the spindle shaft 66, which is converted into the linear movement 61 for the sliding frame 63 and the wheel axle 51.

is set. In Fig. 14, only part of the chassis 5 and part of the chain drive 68 (symmetrical in half) are shown. The broken-off chain 70 can be used to drive a chain wheel corresponding to the chain wheel 67 of a similar spindle drive for the same linear displacement of a separate wheel axle. The chain drive serves as a synchronization device for the linear displacement of two wheel axles, so that they can be moved back and forth over the same distance at the same speed.

However, it is also within the scope of the invention to assign a separate drive device to separate wheel axles, which are located side by side or one behind the other in the direction of travel, so that they can be moved independently of one another in the direction of travel depending on different requirements and environmental conditions.

According to Fig. 15, the soil tillage unit is movably connected to the chassis frame 50 via a parallelogram guide 7 3 . This has a support frame 74 which is fixedly connected to the chassis frame 50 and extends upwards along a slope opposite the vertical. A lower swivel arm 75 and an upper swivel arm 7 6 are hinged to the upper and lower ends of the support frame 74. Their ends further away from the support frame are also hinged to the soil tillage unit 4 or its housing cover. In the non-raised starting position of the unit 4 shown in Fig. 15, the swivel arms 75, 76 run approximately parallel to one another. The same parallelogram-like construction is implemented on the other side, which is not visible in the drawing. Furthermore, the unit 4 or its housing is connected to the chassis frame 50 via a protruding connecting iron 77.

connected to a feeler wheel 78, which is height-adjustable by screws and rolls on the floor 79. This arrangement allows the unit 4 to be supported so that it can roll against the floor 79 via the feeler wheel 78.
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The way it works is further illustrated in Fig. 16: If the soil tillage machine with the associated unit 4 is moved in the direction of travel 16, it may happen that a ground obstacle 80, which could damage the unit, is in the way. However, this is detected by the feeler wheel 78 placed in front of the unit 4 in the direction of travel 16. However, the fixed connection of the feeler wheel 78 to the sweeping unit 4 and its upwardly movable suspension in the parallelogram guide 73 ensures that the height of the unit 4 is adjusted upwards via the swivel arms 75, 76 so that the ground obstacle 80 cannot have a damaging effect. The interaction of the feeler wheel 78 and the parallelogram guide 73 therefore always ensures an approximately constant distance between the soil 79, 80 to be worked and the underside of the soil tillage unit 4.

Claims (1)

NEW PROTECTION CLAIMS 1-35 1. Sweeper (2) particularly for lawn care, with
a container (3) into which the soil processing unit (4) by means of one or
several brush rollers (7) collected material, for example sweepings, is conveyed, characterized in that the container is designed with an escape space (13) which is guided by means of a flow guide wall (10) of the
Container inlet or processing unit (4)
and thereby largely avoids collection is kept free and borders on the area of the container inlet for receiving air and/or air vortex (12) which is generated by the collected material flow (9)
displaced or released, whereby the wall (14) of the escape space (13) Processing unit (4) laterally and/or from above. 2. Sweeping machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the escape space (13) above the container inlet (11) and/or the conveyor outlet (10) of the processing unit. 3. Sweeper according to claim 1 or 2, characterized
characterized in that the conversion (14) of the The escape space (13) and the container wall are structurally integrated. 4. Sweeping machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wall (14) of the escape space (13) has a square profile. 5. Sweeping machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wall (14) of the avoidance space (13) forms a straight front wall (17) running perpendicular to the ground, which faces any direction of travel (16). Device for emptying a container (3), in particular a sweeper according to one of the preceding claims, with a frame (18, 19, 23) and an actuator device (25, 26) for lifting and pivoting the container (3), characterized in that the frame (18, 19, 23) has one or more linear guides (18) - preferably with stroke limiting elements (28) - with which guide parts (19) - optionally until the respective limiting element (28) takes effect - are extendably (29) engaged and are each connected to the container (3) via a hinge point (20, 21) for pivoting it. 7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that an actuator (25) - preferably supported against the frame (18, 19, 23) - acts on the container (3), preferably in such a proximity to the articulation point (20, 21) that the (30) of the container (3) exceeds the actuator force required for its linear upward displacement (29). . Device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that guide parts (19) of different linear guides (18) are connected to one another for movement synchronization. . Device according to claim 6, 7 or 8, characterized in that the linear guide is designed as a hollow rail (18) in which a rod (19) is accommodated as a guide part so as to be longitudinally displaceable (29) and telescopically extendable. 10. Device according to claim 8 and 9, characterized by opposite longitudinal slots (24) of different hollow rails (18), which are penetrated by a strut (23) that connects guide rods (19) of the different hollow rails (18). 11. Device according to one of claims 6 to 10, characterized by an angle between the ground contact surface and the linear guide (18, 19) of less than 90 degrees. 12. Device according to one of claims 6 to 11, characterized by telescopic cylinders as drive elements. 13. Device according to one of claims 6 to 12, characterized by a locking device (34) for fixing the container (3) relative to the linear guide(s) (18, 19) during or after the stroke limiting element(s) (28) become effective. 14. Device according to claim 13, characterized in that the locking device (34) is designed to be releasable due to a container pivoting movement, in particular a reverse pivoting movement (30, 49). 15. Device according to claim 14, characterized in that the locking device (34) is a locking device provided on the frame (18, 19, 23) has a stationary catch (36, 38, 41) and an engaging/disengaging member (44, 47) coupled to the movements (29) of the guide element (19) and/or operable by a container linear/pivoting movement (29, 30, 49). 16. Device according to claim 15, characterized in that the catch (36, 38, 41) is designed as a lever (36) hinged to the frame (18, 19, 23) and deflectable against spring pressure (38) by the latching/unlatching member (44, 47) with a support surface (41) for a guide element (19) and/or any connecting strut (23), and the latching/unlatching member (44, 47) is designed as a sliding and impact bolt or pin (44) actuated by a container pivoting movement (49) for deflecting the lever (36). 17. Device according to claim 15 or 16, characterized by a recess and/or sliding ramp (42) in or on the catch (36, 38, 41) for engaging or sliding the engaging/disengaging member (44, 47). 18. Device according to one of claims 15 to 17, characterized by a spring-buffered (47) latching/unlatching member. 19. Device according to one of claims 6 to 18, each with claim 9, characterized by a recess (24) in the hollow rail (18), the limiting edge (28) of which forms a stop for a projection (23) of the guide rod (19) as a stroke limiting element. 20. Device in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a chassis (5) with one or more wheel axles (51) each oscillating, rocking and/or swinging about a pivot axis (52) parallel to the ground contact surface, preferably with wheels attached on both sides (53). 21. Device according to claim 20, characterized by a plurality of independently oscillating, rocking and/or rocking wheel axles (51). 22. Device for wheel suspension for a device according to claim 20 or 21, characterized by one or more hinge joints (57) running in the direction of travel for pivotably attaching transverse wheel axles (51) to the chassis frame (50). 23. Device according to claim 22, characterized by two or more hinge joints (57) aligned one behind the other in their longitudinal directions (52), to which a wheel axle (51) is jointly assigned. 24. Device according to claim 23, characterized in that the aligned hinge joints (57) are connected via a pivotably mounted support bracket (60) which carries a wheel axle (51). 25. Device according to one of claims 22 to 24, characterized in that one or more hinge joints (51) are jointly fastened to the chassis frame (50) via a preferably hollow profile piece (55). 26. Chassis (5), in particular for a device according to one of the preceding claims, with at least one wheel axle (51), characterized in that the wheel axle is mounted so as to be linearly displaceable (61) parallel to the direction of travel (16) by means of a manually controllable and/or operable actuator drive element (68, 69). 27. Chassis according to claim 26, characterized by a plurality of separate wheel axles (51) which are operatively connected to a common actuator drive element (69). 28. Chassis according to claim 27, characterized in that the separate wheel axles (51) are connected to the drive element, for example a hydraulic or pneumatic actuating cylinder, manual crank drive or battery-driven electric motor (69), via a synchronizing device, for example a cross strut, synchronous gear or chain drive (68). 29. Chassis according to claim 26, 27 or 28, characterized characterized in that one or more, in particular separate, wheel axles are assigned a guide rail (62) running in the direction of travel (16). 30. Chassis according to claim 29, characterized by a sliding frame (63) that is movable along the guide rail (62), on which the drive element (69) engages for its adjustment (61) and on which the wheel axle (51) is suspended. 31. Chassis according to claim 30, characterized by a spindle drive (65, 66) with a spindle nut (65) fastened to the sliding frame (63) and with a spindle shaft (66) meshing with its internal thread, which is rotated by the drive element (69). 32. Chassis according to claim 29, 30 or 31, characterized by a housing-like cover for the guide rail and/or spindle shaft. 33. Chassis for a device for soil cultivation, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a soil cultivation unit (4) which can be supported by a preceding soil feeler wheel (8) against its ground contact surface (79, 80) and can be moved, in particular lifted upwards, via a parallelogram guide (73) articulated on the chassis or frame (50). 34. Chassis according to claim 33, characterized in that the feeler wheel (78) is connected to the soil tillage unit (4) or its housing in a fixed position (77). 35. Chassis according to claim 33 or 34, characterized in that the soil tillage unit (4) is attached or suspended in the parallelogram guide (73) at four points and/or loosely or detachably.