DE8610180U1 - Multi-layer surface element with cavities between the shells, in particular wall, ceiling or floor element for rail vehicles - Google Patents
Multi-layer surface element with cavities between the shells, in particular wall, ceiling or floor element for rail vehiclesInfo
- Publication number
- DE8610180U1 DE8610180U1 DE19868610180 DE8610180U DE8610180U1 DE 8610180 U1 DE8610180 U1 DE 8610180U1 DE 19868610180 DE19868610180 DE 19868610180 DE 8610180 U DE8610180 U DE 8610180U DE 8610180 U1 DE8610180 U1 DE 8610180U1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- surface element
- cavities
- shells
- layer surface
- element according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000410 antimony oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoantimony Chemical compound [Sb]=O VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003562 lightweight material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002457 flexible plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003351 stiffener Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
- E04B1/941—Building elements specially adapted therefor
- E04B1/942—Building elements specially adapted therefor slab-shaped
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
- B61D17/005—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies characterised by use of plastics materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
- B61D17/04—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures
- B61D17/08—Sides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
- B61D17/04—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures
- B61D17/10—Floors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
- B61D17/04—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures
- B61D17/12—Roofs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
- E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
- E04C2/292—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and sheet metal
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
- E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
- E04C2/36—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by transversely-placed strip material, e.g. honeycomb panels
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Description
Mehrschaliges Flächenelement mit Hohlräumen zwischen den Schalen, insbesondere Wand-, Decken- oder Bodenelement für Schienenfahrzeuge Multi-layer surface element with cavities between the shells, in particular wall, ceiling or floor elements for rail vehicles
Die Neuerung betrifft ein mehrschaliges Flächenelement mit Hohlräumen zwischen den Schalen, insbesondere Wand-, Decken- oder Bodenelement für Schienenfahrzeuge, wobei die einzelnen Schalen auf Abstand gehalten sind und die Hohlräume zwischen den Schalen ganz oder teilweise durch Füllmaterial beaufschlagt sind.The innovation concerns a multi-layer surface element with cavities between the shells, in particular wall, ceiling or floor elements for rail vehicles, whereby the individual shells are kept at a distance and the cavities between the shells are completely or partially filled with filling material.
Aus der DE-OS 34 45 777 ist ein Plattenelement in Sandwichbauweise bekannt, das aus einem äußeren Metallblech, einer mittleren mattenartigen Isolierschicht aus Gasteinswolle mit orientierten, hochdichten Fasern tnd einem inneren Metallblech besteht» Die Isolierschicht ist dabei mit den Metallblechen mittels spezieller Klebstoffe verbunden, die geeignet sind, die monolithische Beschaffenheit des Ganzen zu gewährleisten. Der Verbund äußeres Blech, Isolierschicht und inneres Blech bildet ein unentzündbares Plattenelement, sofern der Klebstoff auch dieser Bedingung genügt. Es erweist sich allerdings als schwierig, einen geeigneten Klebstoff zu beschaffen, der beide Randbedingungen zufriedenstellend erfüllt. Zudem erfordert der notwendige Klebevorgang, insbesondere bei nicht ebenen Elementen, erhebliche fertigungstechnische Aufwendungen zur Sicherstellung der Funktion des Gesamtverbundes. Die Isolierschicht erfüllt aufgrund ihrer Beschaffenheit nicht die Bedingungen eines selbstlöschenden Stoffes, der zur aktiven Brandbekämpfung verwendbar ist.From DE-OS 34 45 777, a plate element in sandwich construction is known, which consists of an outer metal sheet, a middle mat-like insulating layer made of Gastein wool with oriented, high-density fibers and an inner metal sheet. The insulating layer is connected to the metal sheets using special adhesives that are suitable for ensuring the monolithic nature of the whole. The combination of outer sheet, insulating layer and inner sheet forms a non-flammable plate element, provided that the adhesive also meets this condition. However, it is difficult to obtain a suitable adhesive that satisfactorily meets both boundary conditions. In addition, the necessary bonding process, especially with non-flat elements, requires considerable manufacturing expenditure to ensure the function of the entire composite. Due to its nature, the insulating layer does not meet the conditions of a self-extinguishing material that can be used for active fire fighting.
Aus der DE-OS 25 OB 353 ist eine schwer brennbare Verbundplatte bekannt, die eine Kernschicht aus mit anorganischen Zusatzstoffen beaufschlagtem Kunststoff aufweist, der seinerseits von metallischen Deckschichten abgedeckt ist. Es wird vorgeschlagen, vorzugs-From DE-OS 25 OB 353 a flame-retardant composite panel is known which has a core layer made of plastic with inorganic additives, which in turn is covered by metallic cover layers. It is proposed to preferably
t &igr; * ■ eit &igr; * ■ ei
weise selbstlöschende, pulverförmiger anorganische Zusatzstoffe, insbesondere Metalloxide oder -hydroxide zwecks Erhöhung der Feuerbeständigkeit in den Kunststoff einzubringen. Die Verbindung des Kunststoffkernes mit den metallischen Deckschichten erfolgt mittels gebräuchlicher Zweikomponentenkleber, insbesondere thermoplastischer Schmelzkleber oder anderweitig geeigneter Kleber. Auch hier erfordert die Herstellung der Verbundplatte erheblichen fertigungstechnischen Aufwand, allerdings ist die Verbundplatte unter Temperatureinwirkung spanlos umformbar und für den Innenausbau auch im Fahrzeugbau verwendbar. Aufgrund der Herstellungsverfahren Bind als Deckschichten nur Bänder bis 2 mm einsetzbar. Wegen des relativ nachgiebigen Kunststoffkerns und der fehlenden Versteifungen innerhalb der Kunststoffmatrix ist dieses Plattenelement nicht als tragendes Bodenelement oder als ausreichend belastbares Bauelement im Schienenfahrzeugbau einsetzbar. Die relativ geringen Mengen an selbstlöschendem Stoff in der Kunststoffmatrix lassen nur ein geringes aktives Mitwirken des Plattenelementes bei der Brandbekämpfung erwarten, zumal der Kunststoff und der verwendete Klebstoff diesen Effekt sicher nicht begünstigen.For example, self-extinguishing, powdered inorganic additives , particularly metal oxides or hydroxides, are introduced into the plastic to increase its fire resistance. The plastic core is bonded to the metallic cover layers using conventional two-component adhesives, particularly thermoplastic hot melt adhesives or other suitable adhesives. Here, too, the manufacture of the composite panel requires considerable manufacturing effort; however, the composite panel can be formed without cutting when exposed to temperature and can also be used for interior work in vehicle construction. Due to the manufacturing process, only strips up to 2 mm thick can be used as cover layers. Due to the relatively flexible plastic core and the lack of stiffeners within the plastic matrix, this panel element cannot be used as a load-bearing floor element or as a sufficiently resilient component in rail vehicle construction. The relatively small amounts of self-extinguishing substance in the plastic matrix mean that the panel element is only expected to play a small active role in firefighting, particularly since the plastic and the adhesive used certainly do not promote this effect.
Bei beiden vorstehend diskutierten Plattenelementen sind schalltechnische Gesichtspunkte unberücksichtigt geblieben und lassen nur für das Plattenelement in Sandwichbauweise, das allerdings der Forderung noch aktiver Brandbekämpfung nicht nachkommt, ein relativ günstiges Verhalten erwarten.For both panel elements discussed above, acoustic aspects have not been taken into account and a relatively favorable behavior can only be expected for the panel element in sandwich construction, which, however, does not meet the requirement of active fire fighting.
Ein Variieren des spezifischen Plattengewichtes durch Verändern der mittleren Schicht ist bei dem aufgezeigten gattungsgemäßen Stand der Technik nur in engen Grenzen mit erheblichem Aufwand möglich.Varying the specific weight of the plate by changing the middle layer is only possible within narrow limits and with considerable effort given the state of the art described.
— K ——K—
Der vorliegenden Neuerung liegt deshalb die Aufgabe zugrunder ein gattungsgemäßes Flächenelement derart auszubilden, daß sowohl den hohen derzeitigen Anforderungen an das Brandverhalten als auch den Forderungen nach guten schalltechnischen Eigenschaften entsprochen wird, wobei bei ausreichender mechanischer Belastbarkeit eine gewichtssparende Bauweise zu berücksichtigen ist.The present innovation is therefore based on the task of designing a generic surface element in such a way that both the high current requirements for fire behaviour and the requirements for good acoustic properties are met, whereby a weight-saving design is to be taken into account with sufficient mechanical load-bearing capacity.
Die Aufgabe wird für ein gattungsgemäßes Flächenelement dadurch gelöst, daß das Füllmaterial für die zu beaufschlagenden Hohlräume ganz oder abschnittsweise aus Schüttgut festgelegter Körnung und Oberfläche besteht und das selbst nicKd zur Brandlast beiträgt. Weitere Merkmale und vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des gattungsge-^ mäßen Flächenelementes sind in den Ansprüchen 2 bis B aufgezeigt.The task is solved for a generic surface element in that the filling material for the cavities to be filled consists entirely or in sections of bulk material with a defined grain size and surface and does not itself contribute to the fire load. Further features and advantageous embodiments of the generic surface element are shown in claims 2 to B.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Neuerung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird im folgenden näher beschrieben. Es zeigt:An example of the innovation is shown in the drawing and is described in more detail below. It shows:
Fig. 1 einen Teilquerschnitt durch ein Flächenelement;Fig. 1 shows a partial cross-section through a surface element;
Fig. 2 eine Draufsicht auf das teilgeschnittene Flächenelement.Fig. 2 is a plan view of the partially cut surface element.
Das mehrschalige Flächenelement 1 weist mindestens zwei Schalen, eine Schale 2 und eine Schale 3 auf, die durch Abstandshalter 4 auf Abstand gehalten sind.The multi-shell surface element 1 has at least two shells, a shell 2 and a shell 3, which are kept at a distance by spacers 4.
Die Abstandshalter 4 zwischen den einzelnen Schalen 2, 3 sind als Trennwände 5 ausgebildet und unterteilen die Hohlräume 6 in mehrere einzelne Kammern 7. Die Trennwände 5 zwischen den einzelnen Kammern 7 weisen in der bevorzugten Bauform Durchbrüche B auf r die alle oder ausgesuchte Kammern 7 miteinander verbinden und erstrecken sich vorteilhaft von der Schale 2 zur Schale 3.The spacers 4 between the individual shells 2, 3 are designed as partition walls 5 and divide the cavities 6 into several individual chambers 7. In the preferred design, the partition walls 5 between the individual chambers 7 have openings B which connect all or selected chambers 7 to one another and advantageously extend from the shell 2 to the shell 3.
&igr; &iacgr;&iacgr; . : &iacgr; ♦* : : *:&igr;&iacgr;&iacgr; . : &iacgr;♦* : : *:
Die Hohlräume 6 zwinehten den Schalen 1, 3 sind ganz oder teilweise mit Füllmaterial 9 verfüllt. AIb Füllmaterial 9 für die Kammern 7 gelangt Schüttgut 10 festgelegter Körnung und Oberfläche zur Anwendung, wobei das Schüttgut 10 aufgrund seiner Beschaffenheit selbst nicht zur Brandlast beiträgt. Dabei besteht das Schüttgut iö aus seIbstlöschenden öde? mindestens niclit brennbaren Bestandteilen oder vorteilhafter aus einem Gemisch aus den vorgenannten Beständteilen mit angegebener Eigenschaft. Dabei sollte der nicht brennbare Bestandteil des Schüttgutes 10 gegen Aggregatszustandeänderungen bei thermischer Beaufschlagung weitgehend resistent sein und insbesondere ebenso wie die selbstlöschenden Bestandteile des Schüttgutes keine giftigen Gase ausscheiden. Die Bestandteile äes Schüttgutes 10 tragen mit unterschiedlichen Gewichts- bzw. Raumanteilen zur Füllung der Kammern 7 bei und sind in der Regel von unterschiedlichem spezifischen Gewicht.The cavities 6 between the shells 1, 3 are completely or partially filled with filling material 9. Bulk material 10 with a specified grain size and surface is used as filling material 9 for the chambers 7, whereby the bulk material 10 itself does not contribute to the fire load due to its nature. The bulk material consists of self-extinguishing or at least non-flammable components or, more advantageously, of a mixture of the aforementioned components with the specified properties. The non-flammable component of the bulk material 10 should be largely resistant to changes in state of aggregation when exposed to heat and, in particular, like the self-extinguishing components of the bulk material, should not emit any toxic gases. The components of the bulk material 10 contribute to filling the chambers 7 with different weight or volume proportions and are generally of different specific weights.
Damit ist das Brandverhalten, das Schalldämmverhalten und das Gewicht des Flächenelementes 1 gezielt einstellbar.This allows the fire behaviour, the sound insulation behaviour and the weight of the surface element 1 to be specifically adjusted.
Für den nichtbrennbaren Anteil des Schüttgutes 10 kommen in der Regel Leuchtstoffe, wie z. B. gemahlene Schlacke festgelegter Körnung und Oberfläche zur Anwendung, für den selbstlöschenden Anteil sind in der Regel Metalloxide und/oder Metallhydroxide, insbesondere Aluminiumhydroxid und/oder Antimonoxid verwendbar. Die selbstlöschende Eigenschaft dieser Bestandteile beruht auf dem Effekt der Hasserabspaltung bei thermischer Beaufschlagung.For the non-flammable part of the bulk material 10, luminescent materials such as ground slag with a specified grain size and surface are generally used, while for the self-extinguishing part, metal oxides and/or metal hydroxides, in particular aluminum hydroxide and/or antimony oxide, are generally used. The self-extinguishing properties of these components are based on the effect of oxidation when exposed to heat.
Die Durchbrüche 8 in den Trennwänden 5 ermöglichen ein einfaches Verfüllen der vorgesehenen Kammern 7 auch nach dem Verbinden der Schalen 2,3 mit den Trennwänden 5.The openings 8 in the partition walls 5 enable easy filling of the intended chambers 7 even after the shells 2, 3 have been connected to the partition walls 5.
Claims (8)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19868610180 DE8610180U1 (en) | 1986-04-15 | 1986-04-15 | Multi-layer surface element with cavities between the shells, in particular wall, ceiling or floor element for rail vehicles |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19868610180 DE8610180U1 (en) | 1986-04-15 | 1986-04-15 | Multi-layer surface element with cavities between the shells, in particular wall, ceiling or floor element for rail vehicles |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE8610180U1 true DE8610180U1 (en) | 1991-04-11 |
Family
ID=6793658
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19868610180 Expired DE8610180U1 (en) | 1986-04-15 | 1986-04-15 | Multi-layer surface element with cavities between the shells, in particular wall, ceiling or floor element for rail vehicles |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE8610180U1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4237912A1 (en) * | 1992-11-10 | 1994-05-11 | Weichenrieder Erich Sen | Wall cladding element of pressed plastics - has upper and lower surface with base sections and parallel bridging struts and cross members |
| FR2701727A1 (en) * | 1993-02-18 | 1994-08-26 | Munder Marie Therese | Panel for producing walls |
| EP3269892A1 (en) * | 2016-07-14 | 2018-01-17 | Paneltim N V | A separation panel and the related manufacturing method |
-
1986
- 1986-04-15 DE DE19868610180 patent/DE8610180U1/en not_active Expired
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4237912A1 (en) * | 1992-11-10 | 1994-05-11 | Weichenrieder Erich Sen | Wall cladding element of pressed plastics - has upper and lower surface with base sections and parallel bridging struts and cross members |
| FR2701727A1 (en) * | 1993-02-18 | 1994-08-26 | Munder Marie Therese | Panel for producing walls |
| EP3269892A1 (en) * | 2016-07-14 | 2018-01-17 | Paneltim N V | A separation panel and the related manufacturing method |
| WO2018011393A1 (en) * | 2016-07-14 | 2018-01-18 | Paneltim Nv | A separation panel and the related manufacturing method |
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