DE845452C - Suspension of vehicles by means of an air cushion to which the wheel load is transferred by a liquid pressure medium - Google Patents
Suspension of vehicles by means of an air cushion to which the wheel load is transferred by a liquid pressure mediumInfo
- Publication number
- DE845452C DE845452C DES19269A DES0019269A DE845452C DE 845452 C DE845452 C DE 845452C DE S19269 A DES19269 A DE S19269A DE S0019269 A DES0019269 A DE S0019269A DE 845452 C DE845452 C DE 845452C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- suspension
- pressure
- air cushion
- air cushions
- vehicles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G17/00—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load
- B60G17/02—Spring characteristics, e.g. mechanical springs and mechanical adjusting means
- B60G17/04—Spring characteristics, e.g. mechanical springs and mechanical adjusting means fluid spring characteristics
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Axle Suspensions And Sidecars For Cycles (AREA)
Description
Zur Abfederung von Fahrzeugen ist bereits Luft als federndes :Mittel vorgeschlagen worden, wobei die Radbelastung über ein flüssiges Druckmittel auf ein Luftpolster übertragen wird.For cushioning vehicles, air is already used as a springy: means been proposed, with the wheel load on a liquid pressure medium an air cushion is transferred.
Es hat sich gezeigt, daß diese Federung einerseits zu hart arbeitet, insbesondere im Endbereich der Federung, und daß außerdem das Arbeitsvermögen zu klein ist, was sich gerade bei Verwendung für Schwerlastfahrzeuge, wie z. B. Straßenroller, besonders ungünstig auswirkt.It has been shown that this suspension works too hard on the one hand, especially in the end of the suspension, and that also the work capacity to is small, which is particularly useful when used for heavy-duty vehicles such. B. street scooters, has a particularly unfavorable effect.
Die Erfindung schlägt vor, statt wie bisher ein Luftpolster zu verwenden, mehrere Luftpolster in IIintereinanderschaltung vorzusehen, die stufenweise finit steigender Belastung zur Wirkung kommen. Zweckmäßig steht die Luft der nachgeschalteten Luftpolster von vornherein mindestens unter dein Druck, bei welchem sie sich zuschalten. Die Verbindungsleitungen zwischen den einzelnen, die Luftpolster bildenden Druckgefäße besitzen :Absperrorgane, die auf einen bestimmten Durchlaßdruck in beiden Strömungsrichtungen einstellbar sind und die gegebenenfalls zusätzlich vom Federweg beeinflußt werden, beispielsweise durch eine mechanische Kupplung über ein vom Radlenker beeinflußtes Gestänge.The invention proposes, instead of using an air cushion as before, to provide several air cushions in interconnection, which are gradually finite increasing stress come into effect. The air of the downstream is expediently available Air cushions from the start at least under your pressure, at which they switch on. The connecting lines between the individual pressure vessels that form the air cushions have: shut-off devices that are set to a certain flow pressure in both directions of flow are adjustable and which may also be influenced by the spring deflection, for example, by a mechanical coupling via one influenced by the control arm Linkage.
Zur Erläuterung der Erfindung ist in Fig. i das Schema einer Radabfederung einer Gruppe von drei Rädern eines Straßenrollers dargestellt und in Fig. 2 die prinzipielle Federcharakteristik der Vorrichtung.To explain the invention, the diagram of a wheel suspension is shown in FIG a group of three wheels of a road scooter and shown in Fig. 2 the basic spring characteristics of the device.
In bekannter Weise ist jedes Rad i über einen Lenker 2 und ein anschließendes Gestänge 3 auf die Kolben und Arbeitszylinder 4 geschaltet, die über Leitungen 5 mit dem Druckgefäß 6 in Verbindung stehen. Das Druckgefäß 6, die Leitung 5 und die Zylinder 4 sind im unbelasteten Zustand mit Öl gefüllt, welches in dem Druckgefäß 6 bis zu einer gewissen Höhe h steht. Der Raum 7 über dem Druckflüssigkeitsspiegel bildet das Luftpolster. Bei Belastung de; Fahrzeugs wird Öl durch die Kolbenbewegung in das Druckgefäß 6 gedrückt unter Zusammenpressung der eingeschlossenen Luft. Erreicht der Luftdruck in dem Gefäß 6 eine gewisse Höhe, so öffnet sich das Ventil 8 in der Verbindungsleitung zu dem nachgesehaltetenDruckgefäß 9, so daß von dem Augenblick des Zuschaltens beide Druckgefäße in Hintereinanderschaltung liegen und beide Luftpolster 7 und io zur Wirkung kommen. Der Druck, bei welchem das Ventil 8 zuschaltet, ist einstellbar. Das Luftpolster io im nachgeschalteten Druckgefäß 9 steht zweckmäßig unter einem Druck annähernd gleich dem Zuschaltdruck.In a known manner, each wheel i is connected to a handlebar 2 and a Linkage 3 connected to the piston and working cylinder 4, which are connected via lines 5 are in communication with the pressure vessel 6. The pressure vessel 6, the line 5 and the Cylinders 4 are filled with oil in the unloaded state, which is in the pressure vessel 6 stands up to a certain height h. The space 7 above the hydraulic fluid level forms the air cushion. With load de; The vehicle gets oil through the piston movement pressed into the pressure vessel 6 with compression of the enclosed air. Achieved If the air pressure in the vessel 6 reaches a certain level, the valve 8 opens in the Connection line to the downstream pressure vessel 9, so that from the moment When switching on, both pressure vessels are connected in series and both air cushions 7 and io come into effect. The pressure at which the valve 8 switches on is adjustable. The air cushion io in the downstream pressure vessel 9 is expedient under a pressure approximately equal to the cut-in pressure.
Der Unterschied in den Wirkungen einer bekannten Anordnung mit nur einem Druckgefäß und der Anordnung nach der Erfindung mit zwei hintereinandergeschalteten Druckgefäßen ist aus Fig. 2 ersichtlich. 'Die gestrichelt eingetragene Kurve ii gibt die Charakteristik der bekannten Anlage mit nur einem Luftpolster wieder. Im Endbereich der Federung beim Punkt 12 verläuft die Kurve i i verhältnismäßig steil. Die Federung ist sehr hart. Bei der Verwendung zweier hintereinandergeschalteter Luftpolster 7 und i o nach dem Vorschlag der Erfindung mit einem Anfangsdruck im Gefäß etwa gleich dem Zuschaltdruck wird die Abhängigkeit zwischen Federweg s und Belastung P durch den stark ausgezogenen Kurvenzug 13, 14 wiedergegeben. Bei geringen Belastungen wirkt zunächst nur das Luftpolster 7 entsprechend dem Kurventeil 13 bis zu dem Punkt 15. Im Punkt 15 schaltet sich das zweite Luftpolster io zu, und die Federung verläuft weiter nach dem Kurventeil 14, so daß die Federung im Endbereich leint Punkt 12 bedeutend weicher ist als bei der Abfederung mittels nur eines Luftpolsters, selbst wenn dieses entsprechend vergrößert worden wäre. Die größere Weichheit der Federung am Ende des Federwegs ist kenntlich an der Verschiedenheit der Steigungswinkel a und der Kurven i i und 14 am Punkt 12.The difference in the effects of a known arrangement with only one pressure vessel and the arrangement according to the invention with two pressure vessels connected in series can be seen from FIG. 'The dashed curve registered ii indicates the characteristic of the known system with only one air cushion again. In the end area of the suspension at point 12, curve ii is relatively steep. The suspension is very hard. When using two series-connected air cushions 7 and io according to the proposal of the invention with an initial pressure in the vessel approximately equal to the connection pressure, the dependency between spring travel s and load P is reproduced by the strongly extended curve 13, 14. At low loads only the air cushion 7 acts initially according to the curve part 13 up to the point 15. At point 15, the second air cushion switches on, and the suspension continues after the curve part 14, so that the suspension in the end area leans point 12 significantly is softer than with cushioning using only one air cushion, even if this would have been enlarged accordingly. The greater softness of the suspension at the end of the spring travel can be seen from the difference in the pitch angle a and the curves ii and 14 at point 12.
Der Punkt 15 kann sowohl durch Wahl anderer Volumina der Druckgefäße verlagert «-erden als auch durch Einschaltung einer Drossel zwischen den beiden Druckgefäßen, wobei diese als selbständiges Organ vorgesehen oder mit dem Ventil 8 kombiniert sein kann.The point 15 can both by choosing other volumes of the pressure vessels shifted «-grounds as well as by switching on a choke between the two Pressure vessels, these being provided as an independent organ or with the valve 8 can be combined.
Des weiteren kann die Drossel von der Drucksteigerung beeinflußt sein als auch von der Schwingbewegung der Radlenker 2, wodurch die Schwingungscharakteristik der Radfederung entsprechend ihrem Verwendungszweck beeinflußt werden kann.Furthermore, the throttle can be influenced by the increase in pressure as well as the oscillating movement of the control arms 2, which results in the oscillation characteristics the wheel suspension can be influenced according to its intended use.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DES19269A DE845452C (en) | 1950-09-21 | 1950-09-21 | Suspension of vehicles by means of an air cushion to which the wheel load is transferred by a liquid pressure medium |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DES19269A DE845452C (en) | 1950-09-21 | 1950-09-21 | Suspension of vehicles by means of an air cushion to which the wheel load is transferred by a liquid pressure medium |
| GB2651952A GB745524A (en) | 1952-10-22 | 1952-10-22 | Improvements in the springing of vehicles, in particular heavy load vehicles |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE845452C true DE845452C (en) | 1952-07-31 |
Family
ID=25994900
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DES19269A Expired DE845452C (en) | 1950-09-21 | 1950-09-21 | Suspension of vehicles by means of an air cushion to which the wheel load is transferred by a liquid pressure medium |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE845452C (en) |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1012779B (en) * | 1952-08-29 | 1957-07-25 | Renault | Hydropneumatic shock absorber |
| DE1021730B (en) * | 1955-03-24 | 1957-12-27 | Demag Zug Gmbh | Hydro-pneumatic stabilizing and cushioning device for vehicles |
| DE1091905B (en) * | 1957-04-27 | 1960-10-27 | Carl F W Borgward G M B H | Suspension for armored vehicles driven by means of chain tracks |
| DE1109460B (en) * | 1958-04-18 | 1961-06-22 | Armstrong Patents Co Ltd | Hydropneumatic torsion spring |
| DE1119897B (en) * | 1955-07-28 | 1961-12-21 | Deutsche Bundesbahn | Vehicle suspension |
| DE1157940B (en) * | 1956-10-23 | 1963-11-21 | Jonas Woodhead & Sons Ltd | Cushioning device for vehicles, in particular road vehicles |
| DE1235157B (en) * | 1961-01-14 | 1967-02-23 | Frieseke & Hoepfner Gmbh | Hydropneumatic suspension unit for the wheels of heavy vehicles |
| DE1256091B (en) * | 1955-05-10 | 1967-12-07 | Pierre Ernest Mercier | Vibration-damped suspension device, in particular for motor vehicles |
| DE1291641B (en) * | 1966-10-08 | 1969-03-27 | Rheinstahl Henschel Ag | Connection device for a hydropneumatic spring element with connection gas bubble, especially for vehicles |
| DE1292159B (en) * | 1961-03-04 | 1969-04-10 | Ahrens Rodulf | Hydraulic springs for vehicles, in particular rail vehicles |
| DE1480098B1 (en) * | 1964-11-16 | 1970-02-12 | Citroen Sa Andre | Hydropneumatic suspension |
| EP0009601A1 (en) * | 1978-10-05 | 1980-04-16 | Boge GmbH | Hydropneumatic suspension, especially for motor vehicles with a loading area |
-
1950
- 1950-09-21 DE DES19269A patent/DE845452C/en not_active Expired
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1012779B (en) * | 1952-08-29 | 1957-07-25 | Renault | Hydropneumatic shock absorber |
| DE1021730B (en) * | 1955-03-24 | 1957-12-27 | Demag Zug Gmbh | Hydro-pneumatic stabilizing and cushioning device for vehicles |
| DE1256091B (en) * | 1955-05-10 | 1967-12-07 | Pierre Ernest Mercier | Vibration-damped suspension device, in particular for motor vehicles |
| DE1119897B (en) * | 1955-07-28 | 1961-12-21 | Deutsche Bundesbahn | Vehicle suspension |
| DE1157940B (en) * | 1956-10-23 | 1963-11-21 | Jonas Woodhead & Sons Ltd | Cushioning device for vehicles, in particular road vehicles |
| DE1091905B (en) * | 1957-04-27 | 1960-10-27 | Carl F W Borgward G M B H | Suspension for armored vehicles driven by means of chain tracks |
| DE1109460B (en) * | 1958-04-18 | 1961-06-22 | Armstrong Patents Co Ltd | Hydropneumatic torsion spring |
| DE1235157B (en) * | 1961-01-14 | 1967-02-23 | Frieseke & Hoepfner Gmbh | Hydropneumatic suspension unit for the wheels of heavy vehicles |
| DE1292159B (en) * | 1961-03-04 | 1969-04-10 | Ahrens Rodulf | Hydraulic springs for vehicles, in particular rail vehicles |
| DE1480098B1 (en) * | 1964-11-16 | 1970-02-12 | Citroen Sa Andre | Hydropneumatic suspension |
| DE1291641B (en) * | 1966-10-08 | 1969-03-27 | Rheinstahl Henschel Ag | Connection device for a hydropneumatic spring element with connection gas bubble, especially for vehicles |
| EP0009601A1 (en) * | 1978-10-05 | 1980-04-16 | Boge GmbH | Hydropneumatic suspension, especially for motor vehicles with a loading area |
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