DE827917C - Process for the production of moldings from hydraulically setting material - Google Patents
Process for the production of moldings from hydraulically setting materialInfo
- Publication number
- DE827917C DE827917C DEP5735A DEP0005735A DE827917C DE 827917 C DE827917 C DE 827917C DE P5735 A DEP5735 A DE P5735A DE P0005735 A DEP0005735 A DE P0005735A DE 827917 C DE827917 C DE 827917C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- moldings
- production
- hydraulically setting
- setting material
- polyvinyl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Inorganic materials [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium sulfate hemihydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 4
- 239000011507 gypsum plaster Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 ester acetals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010685 fatty oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001241 acetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004870 electrical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011089 mechanical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000025 natural resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001291 polyvinyl halide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur Herstellung von Formlingen aus hydraulisch abbindendem Material Die Herstellung von Formlingen irgendwelcher Art aus hydraulisch abbindendem Material, beispielsweise Gips, Zement, Sorelzement u. dgl., bietet den Vorteil, daß man dabei mit einem einfachen Gießverfahren und Formen geringer Druckfestigkeit, beispielsweise aus Holz, Pappe, Gips, Ton, dünnem Blech usw., auskommt. Der Nachteil derartiger Herstellungsverfahren lag aber bisher darin, daß die nach ihnen gewonnenen Formlinge eine für viele Verwendungszwecke zu geringe Bruch- und Zugfestigkeit aufweisen und oft auch der Mangel an Elastizität stört.Process for the production of moldings from hydraulically setting Material The production of moldings of any kind from hydraulically setting Material, for example plaster of paris, cement, Sorel cement, etc., has the advantage of that you can use a simple casting process and molds with low compressive strength, For example, from wood, cardboard, plaster of paris, clay, thin sheet metal, etc., gets by. The disadvantage Such manufacturing processes, however, have so far been based on the fact that those obtained after them Moldings have too low a breaking strength and tensile strength for many purposes and often the lack of elasticity bothers.
Es wurde nun gefunden, daß man Formlings mit weit überlegener Bruchfestigkeit und zugleich erheblich gesteigerter Zugfestigkeit und Elastizität neben Veränderung auch sonstiger Eigenschaften wie beispielsweise der Wasserbeständigkeit, der elektrischen Eigenschaften u. dgl., erhält, wenn man dem hydraulischen Material Polyvinylverbindungen in feinverteilter Form zusetzt, das mindestens die zum Abbinden erforderliche Menge Wasser enthaltende Gemisch verformt und den gegebenenfalls vorgetrockneten Formling erwärmt.It has now been found that moldings with far superior breaking strength can be obtained and at the same time significantly increased tensile strength and elasticity in addition to change also other properties such as water resistance, electrical Properties and the like obtained by adding polyvinyl compounds to the hydraulic material adds in finely divided form that is at least the amount required for setting Deformed water-containing mixture and the optionally pre-dried molding warmed up.
Als Polyvinylverbindungen kommen die Ester, Acetale, Esteracetale und Äther des Polyvinylalkohols oder die Produkte ihrer teilweisen oder völligen Verseifung, Polyvinylhalogenide, Derivate der polymeren Acryl- und Methacrylsäure, Polystyrol, Polychloroprene, künstliche und natürliche Polybutadiene und die entsprechenden Mischpolymerisate, beispielsweise auch die von Vinylestern mit fetten Ölen, oder Polymerisatgemische in Betracht. Diese Auswahl ermöglicht es auch, den jeweiligen Anforderungen an die Elastizität, Wasserfestigkeit und Temperaturbeständigkeit der Formlinge weitgehend zu entsprechen. Die Polyvinylverbindungen können beispielsweise durch Vermahlen oder sonstiges Vermischen mit den hydraulischen Stoffen oder durch deren Imprägnierung mit Polymerisatlösungen in ihnen verteilt werden. Mit besonderem Vorteil verwendet man wäßrige Emulsionen von Polyvinylverbindungen und durchmengt sie mit dem Gips, Zement usw. zugleich nötigenfalls mit dem zum Abbinden benötigten Wasser.The polyvinyl compounds are the esters, acetals, ester acetals and ethers of polyvinyl alcohol or the products of their partial or total Saponification, polyvinyl halides, derivatives of polymeric acrylic and methacrylic acid, Polystyrene, polychloroprene, artificial and natural polybutadienes and the corresponding Copolymers, for example also those of vinyl esters with fatty oils, or Polymer mixtures into consideration. This selection also enables the respective Requirements for elasticity, water resistance and temperature resistance of the To correspond largely to moldings. The polyvinyl compounds can for example by grinding or other mixing with the hydraulic substances or distributed in them by impregnating them with polymer solutions. Aqueous emulsions of polyvinyl compounds are used with particular advantage and mix it with the plaster of paris, cement, etc. at the same time, if necessary, with that for setting needed water.
Die durch Gießen, Einstreichen, Einstampfen u. dgl. in Formen hergestellten Formlinge werden nach dem Abbinden des hydraulischen Materials aus der Form genommen und erhitzt, wodurch sie die für dieses Verfahren charakteristische überraschende Festigkeit erlangen. Gegebenenfalls kann vor dem Erhitzen eine Vortrocknung eingeschaltet werden. Temperatur und Dauer des erforderlichen Erhitzens hängen von der Art der Polyvinylverbindung, des hydraulischen Materials und den Dimensionen des Formlings ab. Im allgemeinen kommt man mit Temperaturen zwischen 6o und 8o°. und einer Erhitzungsdauer von wenigen Stunden aus. Verwendet man beispielsweise für die Herstellung von kleineren Formlingen aus Stuckgips eine 50%ige wäßrige Emulsion von hochviskosem Polyvinylacetat und erhitzt die geformten Gegenstände nach eintägiger Lufttrocknung 3 bis ,4 Stunden auf etwa 8o°, so ergibt schon ein Zusatz von wenigen Prozenten Polyvinylacetat, berechnet auf ioo Gewichtsteile des trockenen Stuckgipses, eine ganz erhebliche Erhöhung der Bruchfestigkeit. Diese ist bei io% Polyvinylacetatzusatz bereits mehr als verdoppelt, bei 25% vervierfacht, bei 5o% auf das Achtfache gestiegen. Zugleich nehmen die Zugfestigkeit und Elastizität ganz erheblich zu.Those produced by pouring, brushing, tamping and the like in molds Moldings are removed from the mold after the hydraulic material has set and heated, making them the surprising that is characteristic of this process Gain strength. If necessary, pre-drying can be switched on before heating will. The temperature and duration of heating required depend on the type of Polyvinyl compound, the hydraulic material and the dimensions of the molding away. In general, temperatures between 6o and 8o ° are reached. and a heating time from a few hours. Is used, for example, for the production of smaller ones Moldings made from plaster of paris a 50% aqueous emulsion of highly viscous polyvinyl acetate and after air drying for one day, heats the molded articles for 3 to 4 hours to about 80 °, an addition of a few percent polyvinyl acetate results calculated on 100 parts by weight of dry stucco, a very considerable one Increase in breaking strength. This is already more with 10% polyvinyl acetate addition than doubled, at 25% quadrupled, at 5o% increased eightfold. Simultaneously the tensile strength and elasticity increase considerably.
Die Verwendung der durch Erwärmen mit dem hydraulischen Material zu inniger Bindung gebrachten Polyvinylverbindungen ermöglicht auch eine erhebliche Steigerung der Wasserbeständigkeit der Formlinge. Sie kann nicht nur durch entsprechende Auswahl der Polyvinylverbindungen, sondern darüber hinaus bei gegebener Polyvinylverbindung auch durch die Mitverwendung von besonders wasserabstoßenden Stoffen, wie beispielsweise natürlichen oder künstlichen Wachsen, Paraffinen, fetten Ölen, insbesondere trocknenden u. dgl., bewirkt werden. Solche wasserabstoßenden Stoffe können in der Viny lemtilsion emulgiert oder schon bei der Herstellung der Polyvinylverhindungen einpolymerisiert werden.The use of the by heating with the hydraulic material too intimate bond brought polyvinyl compounds also enables a considerable Increase in the water resistance of the moldings. You can't just through appropriate Selection of polyvinyl compounds, but also for a given polyvinyl compound also through the use of particularly water-repellent substances, such as natural or artificial waxes, paraffins, fatty oils, especially drying oils and the like. Such water-repellent substances can lemtilsion in the vinyl emulsified or already polymerized in during the manufacture of the polyvinyl compounds will.
In ähnlicher Weise lassen sich auch andere, in besonderen Fällen er@yiiilschte Zusätze, wie Graphit, Ruß, Pigmente, Härtemittel, Faserstoffe, künstliche und natürliche Harze u. dgl., infolge der vermittelnden Wirkung der Polyvim-lverbindungen in feinster Verteilung und Bindung einverleiben.Others, in special cases, can be deleted in a similar way Additives such as graphite, carbon black, pigments, hardeners, fibers, artificial and natural Resins and the like, owing to the mediating effect of the polyvinyl compounds, are extremely fine Incorporate distribution and retention.
Das neue Verfahren ermöglicht die Herstellung von Formlingen aller Art, die den in der Preßmassentechnik hergestellten gleichartig oder ähnlich sind, ohne Preßapparatur und mit einfachsten, nicht druckfesten Formen und deshalb auch in beliebiger Dimensionierung. Es eignet sich beispielsweise für Zwecke des Kunstgewerbes, der Spielzeugindustrie, wobei es sich übrigens auch besonders gut den Mitteln und _\rbeitsbedingungen der Heimindustrie anpaßt, des Stuckaturgewerbes, des Apparatebaues, der Möbeliildustrie u. dgl. Seine Erzeugnisse können aber auch in Gestalt größerer Formlinge im Baugewerbe und unter Umständen auch im Maschinenbau und in der Elektrotechnik überall da Verwendung finden, wo besondere Ansprüche an Festigkeit und Elastizität von auf der Grundlage von hydraulischem -Material aufgebauten Bauelementen gestellt werden. Solche Bauelemente können auch in der Ausbildungsform des Eisenbetons mit Vorteil hergestellt werden.The new process enables the production of moldings of all Kinds that are identical or similar to those produced in the molding compound technology, without pressing equipment and with the simplest, not pressure-resistant forms and therefore also in any dimension. It is suitable, for example, for purposes of the arts and crafts, the toy industry, which, by the way, is also particularly good at the means and _ \ adapts working conditions to the home industry, stucco, apparatus construction, of the furniture industry and the like. Its products can, however, also take the form of larger ones Moldings in the construction industry and possibly also in mechanical engineering and electrical engineering Can be used wherever there are special demands on strength and elasticity made of components built on the basis of hydraulic material will. Such components can also be made in the form of reinforced concrete Advantage can be produced.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP5735A DE827917C (en) | 1938-05-17 | 1938-05-17 | Process for the production of moldings from hydraulically setting material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP5735A DE827917C (en) | 1938-05-17 | 1938-05-17 | Process for the production of moldings from hydraulically setting material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE827917C true DE827917C (en) | 1952-01-14 |
Family
ID=7360176
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP5735A Expired DE827917C (en) | 1938-05-17 | 1938-05-17 | Process for the production of moldings from hydraulically setting material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE827917C (en) |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1003640B (en) * | 1954-01-11 | 1957-02-28 | Meynadier & Cie Ag | Process for the production of mortar and concrete |
| DE966648C (en) * | 1951-11-16 | 1957-08-29 | Polychemie Chemie Ingenieur Ge | Process for joining two layers and suitable dispersions for this |
| DE967669C (en) * | 1954-01-19 | 1957-12-05 | Teppitex Chemische Produkte G | Process for the production of panels for floor coverings |
| DE1129411B (en) * | 1954-07-28 | 1962-05-10 | Inst Internat Financier | Mortar mix and method of processing on an extruder |
| DE1159839B (en) * | 1959-05-16 | 1963-12-19 | Schering Ag | Process for the production of construction elements from inorganic binders which bind with water |
| DE1189435B (en) * | 1959-07-18 | 1965-03-18 | Basf Ag | Mixtures of cement and aggregates used as building materials |
| DE1198267B (en) * | 1960-09-12 | 1965-08-05 | Raybestos Manhattan Inc | Process for the production of a plastic-containing binder, particularly suitable for the construction industry |
| DE1247518B (en) * | 1960-05-23 | 1967-08-17 | Gerland Soc Chimique De | Process for the production of paints based on mixtures of aqueous polyvinyl acetate emulsions and gypsum |
| DE2343457A1 (en) * | 1973-08-29 | 1975-04-17 | Basf Ag | AQUATIC HYDROPHOBIC EMULSION FOR HYDRAULIC BINDERS |
| US4410366A (en) * | 1980-12-22 | 1983-10-18 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Cement composition and product |
| DE29518925U1 (en) * | 1995-11-29 | 1997-04-10 | Betonwerk Kwade GmbH & Co. KG, 48465 Schüttorf | Pipe socket |
-
1938
- 1938-05-17 DE DEP5735A patent/DE827917C/en not_active Expired
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE966648C (en) * | 1951-11-16 | 1957-08-29 | Polychemie Chemie Ingenieur Ge | Process for joining two layers and suitable dispersions for this |
| DE1003640B (en) * | 1954-01-11 | 1957-02-28 | Meynadier & Cie Ag | Process for the production of mortar and concrete |
| DE967669C (en) * | 1954-01-19 | 1957-12-05 | Teppitex Chemische Produkte G | Process for the production of panels for floor coverings |
| DE1129411B (en) * | 1954-07-28 | 1962-05-10 | Inst Internat Financier | Mortar mix and method of processing on an extruder |
| DE1159839B (en) * | 1959-05-16 | 1963-12-19 | Schering Ag | Process for the production of construction elements from inorganic binders which bind with water |
| DE1189435B (en) * | 1959-07-18 | 1965-03-18 | Basf Ag | Mixtures of cement and aggregates used as building materials |
| DE1247518B (en) * | 1960-05-23 | 1967-08-17 | Gerland Soc Chimique De | Process for the production of paints based on mixtures of aqueous polyvinyl acetate emulsions and gypsum |
| DE1198267B (en) * | 1960-09-12 | 1965-08-05 | Raybestos Manhattan Inc | Process for the production of a plastic-containing binder, particularly suitable for the construction industry |
| DE2343457A1 (en) * | 1973-08-29 | 1975-04-17 | Basf Ag | AQUATIC HYDROPHOBIC EMULSION FOR HYDRAULIC BINDERS |
| US4410366A (en) * | 1980-12-22 | 1983-10-18 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Cement composition and product |
| DE29518925U1 (en) * | 1995-11-29 | 1997-04-10 | Betonwerk Kwade GmbH & Co. KG, 48465 Schüttorf | Pipe socket |
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