DE81805C - - Google Patents

Description

IMPERIAL

PATENT OFFICE.

PATENT LETTERING

CLASS 78: Explosives.

HUDSON MAXIM in NEW YORK. Ignition compound containing fulminate.

Patented in the German Empire on October 2, 1894.

The present invention aims at the production of a priming mass for igniting large quantities of powerful explosives, especially for air torpedoes and projectiles. in which, in order to achieve the highest destructive effects, a large quantity of explosive must be used. _s

As is well known, one of the major difficulties in the use of powerful explosives for Projectiles and air torpedoes in it, a sufficient quantity of the priming mass, especially Fuming mercury, to be able to hurl with certainty to completely detonate the to achieve thrown powerful explosive. If the amount of ignition material is sufficient is kept low in order to achieve the necessary security, one results incomplete or secondary detonation of the explosive. On the other hand, becomes a Sufficient amount of priming compound used to ensure a complete detonation, so again the danger of a premature detonation arises due to the sensitivity the ignition mass present in large quantities.

These deficiencies are now eliminated in the case of the present ignition compound by the fact that the fulminate (e.g. fumed mercury) with a nitrated carbohydrate (e.g. pyroxylin) appropriately treated in a dissolved state. The particles of the fulminate are thereby covered with a membrane of the dissolved pyroxyline, and so every part of it next separated by a layer of pyroxylin, which prevents the particles from rubbing against one another at a blow and the crumbling of the same during processing and use prevented. The binding of the particles is such that the mass is fixed by means of a steel knife or scissors can be cut into strips. It is best to mix the or with appropriately dissolved nitroglycerin, as well as with a moderator, especially Nitrobenzene, nitronaphthalene or gum. The latter sets the sensitivity the ignition mass is further reduced against impact and substance without affecting the rate of combustion.

The practical implementation of the invention is best designed as follows:

Nitroglycerin is thickened with pyroxyline to the consistency of natural gum. This is achieved by using from 75 to 85 parts of nitroglycerin to 15 to 25 parts Pyroxyline, depending on the desired stiffness or elasticity of the product. To the To facilitate mixing, there will be a sufficient amount of a solvent for the nitroglycerin added to make the mass sufficiently soft and doughy and thereby its intimate Allow mixing with the desired amount of fatal mercury. Then will (75 to 85 pCt. Of the mass) a fulminate, preferably fulminate mercury, mixed in. The applied Solvent, as which expediently a volatile liquid to be chosen is, especially acetone, is now evaporated. The consistency, the elasticity, as well as the character, the sensitivity of the remaining mass can be modified accordingly the proportions of the constituents can be varied as desired.

The mass can also be made porous or spongy. To this end, will same, before the evaporation of the volatile

Claims (1)

Solvent and once it has attained a suitable consistency, in the presence of Air well stirred. In this way a flexible, elastic ignition mass is obtained, which, even if there is no free space for the expansion or escape of its particles, owing to their numerous numbers Pores yields easily to every print and therefore not, like the non-porous, in- ' compressible ignition masses, sensitive to material and impact. The desired porosity of the mass can also be achieved by adding a more highly nitrided Pyroxylins (trinitrocellulose) can be obtained in a finely divided state. The addition is made preferably at the same time as that of the fulminate. In this case it has to be Making the gummy nitroglycerin body used pyroxyline in a lower Degrees of nitration and a volatile solvent can be applied which fibrous highly nitrated pyroxyline does not dissolve. Is particularly suitable for this purpose Wood spirit, which very easily dissolves the low levels of nitration of pyroxyline, while he leaves the higher ones unsolved. It is clear that the addition of nitroglycerine, although it is for the reasons given highly recommended, but not absolutely necessary. Rather, it can also be done without achieve the same good results, especially when the priming mass is in the previously described Way is made porous. But if the material is neither made porous nor used nitroglycerin, i.e. the fulminate simply mixed with collodion (collodion wool) or dissolved pyroxyline (slanting cotton) and the solvent is evaporated, the result is a very dense, hard, horn-like mass, which does not have the desirable properties of a priming compound. The ignition compound produced by the above methods can be rolled, pressed or molded or cutting into the shape appropriate to their use. The described mixture of nitroglycerin and pyroxylin is in itself very insensitive against impact and material and cannot be detonated by the known means will. In fact, such a mixture may be used if it is 25 pCt. Contains pyroxyline, describe as incapable of detonation. But if the same thing happens with a more sensitive explosive, especially mixed with fumed mercury, the explosion sensitivity can be increased by increasing the quantity of this Explosives are gradually increased. The application produces very good results equal parts of the fulminate and the nitroglycerin-pyroxylin mixture; however is a To be preferred over the former. In some cases it is desirable to use moderating agents, particularly nitrobenzene, nitronaphthalene or add a suitable gum, which is at any stage of the manufacturing process can happen. The sensitivity to substances is thereby further reduced, without the rate of combustion is significantly influenced. The ignition compound produced by the method described is, although it is through Shock can be made to inflame, much less sensitive to such, than pure fulminate or the previously known mixtures of the same with inorganic ones Fabrics. The mass is particularly advantageous because of its extraordinarily large size Amounts of heat, which are developed by the nitroglycerin during its combustion, while the rubbery, elastic character of the mass makes it sufficiently insensitive to Make stuff so that it can be thrown from the guns with certainty. One of the main advantages of fiery mercury as an explosive is its density and weight its products of decomposition; but since these gases are heavy and expand only a little, so the temperature is greatly reduced and the effect of the fulminate is very substantially reduced or even completely prevented. If now in the present invention nitroglycerin is combined with the mercury fulminate, the result is through the Nitroglycerin developed extraordinarily large amounts of heat, so did the temperature the combustion products of the fiery mercury is preserved and its explosive character emerges even more effectively. Instead of the pyroxyline, other analogues can also be used to thicken the nitroglycerine active substances, especially nitrated starch, can be used. Pateντ claim: Ignition mass, consisting of a fulminate and an appropriately dissolved nitrided Carbohydrate (e.g. pyroxyline), with or without the addition of appropriately dissolved Nitroglycerin and a moderating agent (e.g. a nitro hydrocarbon).