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DE69920410D1 - Verbessertes olefinpolymerisationsverfahren - Google Patents

Verbessertes olefinpolymerisationsverfahren

Info

Publication number
DE69920410D1
DE69920410D1 DE69920410T DE69920410T DE69920410D1 DE 69920410 D1 DE69920410 D1 DE 69920410D1 DE 69920410 T DE69920410 T DE 69920410T DE 69920410 T DE69920410 T DE 69920410T DE 69920410 D1 DE69920410 D1 DE 69920410D1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
polymerization process
olefin polymerization
silane
monomers
improved olefin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
DE69920410T
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
DE69920410T2 (de
Inventor
E Campbell
D Devore
P Peil
J Timmers
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dow Global Technologies LLC
Original Assignee
Dow Global Technologies LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dow Global Technologies LLC filed Critical Dow Global Technologies LLC
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE69920410D1 publication Critical patent/DE69920410D1/de
Publication of DE69920410T2 publication Critical patent/DE69920410T2/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F10/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
    • C08F10/04—Monomers containing three or four carbon atoms
    • C08F10/06—Propene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F10/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F10/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
    • C08F10/02—Ethene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
    • C08F2/34—Polymerisation in gaseous state
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
    • C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
    • C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
    • C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/64—Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/659—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond
    • C08F4/65912—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond in combination with an organoaluminium compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F110/00—Homopolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
    • C08F110/02—Ethene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F110/00—Homopolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
    • C08F110/04—Monomers containing three or four carbon atoms
    • C08F110/06—Propene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F210/00—Copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
    • C08F210/02—Ethene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F210/00—Copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
    • C08F210/04—Monomers containing three or four carbon atoms
    • C08F210/06—Propene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F210/00—Copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
    • C08F210/16—Copolymers of ethene with alpha-alkenes, e.g. EP rubbers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F2410/00—Features related to the catalyst preparation, the catalyst use or to the deactivation of the catalyst
    • C08F2410/02—Anti-static agent incorporated into the catalyst
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
    • C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
    • C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
    • C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/64—Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/659—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond
    • C08F4/65908—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond in combination with an ionising compound other than alumoxane, e.g. (C6F5)4B-X+
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
    • C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
    • C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
    • C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/64—Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/659—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond
    • C08F4/65916—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond supported on a carrier, e.g. silica, MgCl2, polymer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
    • C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
    • C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
    • C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/64—Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/659—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond
    • C08F4/6592—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
    • C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
    • C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
    • C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/64—Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/659—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond
    • C08F4/6592—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring
    • C08F4/65922—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring containing at least two cyclopentadienyl rings, fused or not
    • C08F4/65927—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring containing at least two cyclopentadienyl rings, fused or not two cyclopentadienyl rings being mutually bridged
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S526/00—Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 series
    • Y10S526/901—Monomer polymerized in vapor state in presence of transition metal containing catalyst

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
DE69920410T 1998-02-11 1999-01-21 Verbessertes olefinpolymerisationsverfahren Expired - Fee Related DE69920410T2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US7441998P 1998-02-11 1998-02-11
US74419P 1998-02-11
PCT/US1999/001363 WO1999041289A1 (en) 1998-02-11 1999-01-21 Improved olefin polymerization process

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE69920410D1 true DE69920410D1 (de) 2004-10-28
DE69920410T2 DE69920410T2 (de) 2005-10-06

Family

ID=22119467

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE69920410T Expired - Fee Related DE69920410T2 (de) 1998-02-11 1999-01-21 Verbessertes olefinpolymerisationsverfahren

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US6258902B1 (de)
EP (1) EP1054910B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2002503732A (de)
KR (1) KR100520587B1 (de)
CN (1) CN1204149C (de)
AT (1) ATE277087T1 (de)
AU (1) AU2240999A (de)
BR (1) BR9907987A (de)
CA (1) CA2317607A1 (de)
DE (1) DE69920410T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2224600T3 (de)
WO (1) WO1999041289A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6624254B1 (en) * 1999-01-21 2003-09-23 The Dow Chemical Company Silane functionalized olefin interpolymer derivatives
US6211311B1 (en) * 1999-05-25 2001-04-03 Equistar Chemicals, L.P. Supported olefin polymerization catalysts
US6291386B1 (en) * 1999-05-25 2001-09-18 Equistar Chemicals, Lp Process for the in-situ preparation of single-site transition metal catalysts and polymerization process
EP1259556B1 (de) * 1999-07-29 2006-06-07 Dow Global Technologies Inc. Verbesserte silanefunktionelle olefin-interpolymere derivate
US6313230B1 (en) * 1999-09-21 2001-11-06 Industrial Technology Research Institute Catalyst composition for hydrogenation of conjugated diene based synthetic rubbers
DE19962910A1 (de) 1999-12-23 2001-07-05 Targor Gmbh Chemische Verbindung, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und deren Verwendung in Katalysatorsystemen zur Herstellung von Polyolefinen
EP1195388A1 (de) * 2000-10-04 2002-04-10 ATOFINA Research Verfahren zur Herstellung von bimodalem Polyethylen
EP1195391A1 (de) * 2000-10-05 2002-04-10 ATOFINA Research Herstellung von Polypropylen
WO2002038637A1 (de) * 2000-11-09 2002-05-16 Basell Polypropylen Gmbh Verfahren zur copolymerisation von propen und/oder ethen mit 1-olefinen an metallocen-trägerkatalysatoren
EP1448628A2 (de) * 2001-11-16 2004-08-25 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Kopolymere von olefinen mit vinyl- und allylsilanen
EP1735354A1 (de) * 2004-04-16 2006-12-27 Exxonmobil Chemical Company Inc. Heterocyclylsubstituierte metallocenverbindungen für die olefinpolymerisation
CN1923861B (zh) * 2005-09-02 2012-01-18 北方技术股份有限公司 在烯烃聚合催化剂存在下的烯烃聚合方法
JP5888831B2 (ja) * 2005-10-05 2016-03-22 シン フィルム エレクトロニクス エーエスエー 架橋済みポリマー及びその製造方法
US7868197B2 (en) 2005-12-14 2011-01-11 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. Halogen substituted heteroatom-containing metallocene compounds for olefin polymerization
US7812104B2 (en) 2008-01-18 2010-10-12 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. Production of propylene-based polymers
EP2411424A2 (de) * 2009-03-06 2012-02-01 Dow Global Technologies LLC Katalysatoren, verfahren zur herstellung von katalysatoren, verfahren zur herstellung von polyolefinzusammensetzungen und polyolefinzusammensetzungen
EP3037437A1 (de) * 2014-12-23 2016-06-29 SABIC Global Technologies B.V. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Polyolefins mit einem oder mehreren endfunktionalisierten Zweigen
EP3037438A1 (de) 2014-12-23 2016-06-29 SABIC Global Technologies B.V. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines verzweigten Polyolefins
CN108137748B (zh) * 2015-07-23 2021-05-04 Sabic环球技术有限责任公司 用于制备具有一个或多个侧官能团的聚烯烃的方法
EP3387047B1 (de) 2015-12-09 2020-01-01 SABIC Global Technologies B.V. Verfahren zur herstellung von polyolefinbasierten pfropfcopolymeren mit einem ersten langkettigen verzweigten polyolefinblock und einer oder mehreren polymerseitenketten
CN112142894B (zh) * 2019-09-25 2021-05-25 中国科学院化学研究所 有机硅烷在制备高密度聚乙烯中的应用和高密度聚乙烯及其制备方法和应用
EP4073078A1 (de) 2019-12-13 2022-10-19 Dow Silicones Corporation Verfahren zur synthese von unsymmetrischen disiloxanen
KR20230029827A (ko) 2020-06-24 2023-03-03 다우 글로벌 테크놀로지스 엘엘씨 올레핀/실란 혼성중합체의 경화 및 기능화
WO2021262775A1 (en) 2020-06-24 2021-12-30 Dow Global Technologies Llc Crosslinked compositions from olefin/silane interpolymers
US20230265222A1 (en) 2020-06-24 2023-08-24 Dow Global Technologies Llc Olefin/siloxane interpolymers and olefin/cyclic silane interpolymers
WO2021258328A1 (en) 2020-06-24 2021-12-30 Dow Global Technologies Llc Crosslinkable olefin/silane interpolymer compositions

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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KR920005671B1 (ko) * 1987-12-16 1992-07-13 미쯔이도오아쯔가가꾸 가부시끼가이샤 함규소 폴리머의 제조방법
US4965386A (en) * 1990-03-26 1990-10-23 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Hydrosilation, and dehydrocondensation of silicon hydrides, catalyzed by scandium, yttrium and rare earth metal compounds
US5272236A (en) 1991-10-15 1993-12-21 The Dow Chemical Company Elastic substantially linear olefin polymers
US5525695A (en) 1991-10-15 1996-06-11 The Dow Chemical Company Elastic linear interpolymers
US5278272A (en) 1991-10-15 1994-01-11 The Dow Chemical Company Elastic substantialy linear olefin polymers
JP2888639B2 (ja) 1992-04-20 1999-05-10 エクソン・ケミカル・パテンツ・インク エチレン／分枝鎖オレフィンのコポリマー
JP2560247B2 (ja) * 1994-03-11 1996-12-04 工業技術院長 ポリカルボシラン類の製造法
US5578690A (en) 1995-04-28 1996-11-26 Northwestern University Silyl-terminated interpolymer of ethylene and method for preparing silyl-terminated polyolefins
US6075104A (en) * 1996-05-07 2000-06-13 The Dow Chemical Company Syndiotactic vinylidene aromatic polymerization process

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69920410T2 (de) 2005-10-06
CN1204149C (zh) 2005-06-01
CA2317607A1 (en) 1999-08-19
EP1054910B1 (de) 2004-09-22
ES2224600T3 (es) 2005-03-01
AU2240999A (en) 1999-08-30
KR100520587B1 (ko) 2005-10-10
EP1054910A1 (de) 2000-11-29
KR20010040871A (ko) 2001-05-15
WO1999041289A1 (en) 1999-08-19
JP2002503732A (ja) 2002-02-05
US6258902B1 (en) 2001-07-10
ATE277087T1 (de) 2004-10-15
BR9907987A (pt) 2000-10-17
CN1289343A (zh) 2001-03-28

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