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DE621048C - Process for the production of foils - Google Patents

Process for the production of foils

Info

Publication number
DE621048C
DE621048C DEP63990D DEP0063990D DE621048C DE 621048 C DE621048 C DE 621048C DE P63990 D DEP63990 D DE P63990D DE P0063990 D DEP0063990 D DE P0063990D DE 621048 C DE621048 C DE 621048C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
plastic
foils
mouthpiece
film
bath
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DEP63990D
Other languages
German (de)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DuPont Viscoloid Co
Original Assignee
DuPont Viscoloid Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Publication date
Priority to DEP63990D priority Critical patent/DE621048C/en
Priority claimed from US485456A external-priority patent/US1956564A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE621048C publication Critical patent/DE621048C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L1/00Compositions of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
    • C08L1/08Cellulose derivatives
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/022Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07Flat, e.g. panels
    • B29C48/08Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/911Cooling
    • B29C48/9135Cooling of flat articles, e.g. using specially adapted supporting means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/919Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling using a bath, e.g. extruding into an open bath to coagulate or cool the material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29DPRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D7/00Producing flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
    • B29D7/01Films or sheets
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/08Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of cellulosic plastic substance or gelatin
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/18Manufacture of films or sheets
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/475Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using pistons, accumulators or press rams
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2001/00Use of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives, e.g. viscose, as moulding material
    • B29K2001/08Cellulose derivatives
    • B29K2001/12Cellulose acetate
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2001/00Use of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives, e.g. viscose, as moulding material
    • B29K2001/08Cellulose derivatives
    • B29K2001/18Cellulose nitrate
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2201/00Use of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives, e.g. viscose, as reinforcement
    • B29K2201/08Cellulose derivatives
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2301/00Characterised by the use of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
    • C08J2301/08Cellulose derivatives
    • C08J2301/10Esters of organic acids
    • C08J2301/12Cellulose acetate
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2301/00Characterised by the use of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
    • C08J2301/08Cellulose derivatives
    • C08J2301/16Esters of inorganic acids
    • C08J2301/18Cellulose nitrate

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)

Description

Verfahren zum Herstellen von Folien Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen von Folien aus plastischen Cellulosemassen, insbesondere solchen, welche Celluloseäther oder -ester, z. B. Acetylcellulose oder Nitrocellulose, als Grundlage haben und von verhältnismäßig geringer Dicke, nämlich im fertigen Zustande o,o8 bis o,9 mm stark, sind. Es ist bekannt, Folien durch Ausstoßen einer plastischen Cellulosemasse aus einem entsprechend gestälteten Mundstück unter nachfolgendem Strecken der Folie herzustellen.Method for producing foils The invention relates to a method for the production of foils from plastic cellulose masses, especially those which cellulose ethers or esters, e.g. B. acetyl cellulose or nitrocellulose, as Have a basis and of relatively small thickness, namely in the finished state 0.08 to 0.9 mm thick. It is known that foils by ejecting a plastic Cellulose mass from a correspondingly shaped mouthpiece below Stretch the film to manufacture.

Demgegenüber besteht die Erfindung darin, daß die plastische Masse vor dem Ausstoßren auf eine erhöhte, mindestens 4.5° betragende Temperaturerhitzt und die Folie sofort nach dem Verlassen des Mundstückes in einem gekühlten, zweckmäßig 15° nicht übersteigenden Härtebad zum Erstarren gebracht wird. Hierdurch werden Folien vollkommen gleichmäßiger Dicke und von vorzüglicher Beschaffenheit erhalten, die insbesondere als Zvwischenschichten für Verbundglas Verwendung finden können.In contrast, the invention consists in that the plastic mass heated to an elevated temperature of at least 4.5 ° before ejection and the foil immediately after leaving the mouthpiece in a cooled, expedient 15 ° hardness bath is made to solidify. This will be Sheets of perfectly uniform thickness and of excellent quality are preserved, which can be used in particular as intermediate layers for laminated glass.

Die Verarbeitung der plastischen Masse kann z. B. in der in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellten Einrichtung erfolgen. Aus einem Behälter i wird die plastische Masse' durch einen Kolben a unter Druck durch ein. schlitzartiges Mundstück 3 ausgestoßen. Daran schließt sich eine Härteeinrichtung, z. B. ein Bad ¢, an, in dem Tragwalzen 5 für die plastische Folie S vorgesehen sind. Die Folie gelangt sodann über eine frei aufgehängte Belastungswalze 6, die sie anspannt zwischen angetriebenen Walzen 7, die zur Fortbewegung der Folie dienen, hindurch in ein zweites Bad oder eine Kammer 8 mit Tragwalzen 9 und endlich zu angetriebenen Spannwalzen ro. Hierbei können die einzelnen Teile mit Einrichtungen versehen werden, um die Temperatur zu regeln, z. B. Doppelmänteln, Schlangen usw., doch sind diese in der Zeichnung der Einfachheit wegen weggelassen.The processing of the plastic mass can, for. B. in the drawing facility shown schematically take place. A container i becomes the plastic one Mass' through a piston a under pressure through a. slot-like mouthpiece 3 ejected. This is followed by a hardening device, e.g. B. a bath ¢, in the support rollers 5 are provided for the plastic film S. The film then passes over a freely suspended loading roller 6, which it tensions between driven rollers 7, which are used to move the film, through into a second bath or a Chamber 8 with support rollers 9 and finally to driven tension rollers ro. Here you can the individual parts are provided with devices to regulate the temperature, z. B. double coats, snakes, etc., yet these are in the drawing for simplicity because of omitted.

Die auf mindestens ¢5° erwärmte plastische Masse p wird aus dem Behälter 1 durch das Mundstück 3 als eine halb formbeständige Bahn S von teigartiger Beschaffenheit in das gekühlte Härtebad q. gepreßt, in dem eine weitgehende Entfernung der Lösungsmittel und infolgedessen eine gewisse Härtung der Folie stattfindet, so daß sich dadurch ihre Formbeständigkeit erhöht. Aus dem Bad tritt die Folie in die Kammer 8, die zweckmäßig ein zweites Härtebad enthalten kann, und danach zwischen den Walzen ro aus, um dann in einzelne Stücke von gewünschter Größe geschnitten und getrocknet zu werden.The plastic mass p, heated to at least ¢ 5 °, is removed from the container 1 through the mouthpiece 3 as a semi-dimensionally stable web S of dough-like nature in the cooled hardening bath q. pressed, in which a substantial removal of the solvent and consequently a certain hardening of the film takes place, so that thereby their dimensional stability increases. From the bath, the film enters the chamber 8, which can expediently contain a second hardening bath, and then ro between the rollers off, then cut into individual pieces of desired size and dried to become.

Das Härtebad besteht beispielsweise aus Methylalkohol und Wasser; Glycerin und Wasser; Natriumchlorid und Wasser; Rohrzucker und Wasser; Rohrzucker, Wasser und Methylalkohol.The hardening bath consists, for example, of methyl alcohol and water; Glycerin and water; Sodium chloride and water; Cane sugar and water; Cane sugar, Water and methyl alcohol.

Die Temperatur des Härtebades kann zwischen einer Temperatur dicht oberhalb seines Gefrierpunktes und q.0° C gehalten werden. Zweckmäßig aber beträgt sie nicht mehr als 150.The temperature of the hardening bath can be between a temperature dense above its freezing point and q.0 ° C. Appropriately, however they do not exceed 150.

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH: Verfahren zum Herstellen von Folien durch Ausstoßen einer plastischen Cellulosemasse aus :einem entsprechend gestalteten Mundstück unter nachfolgendem -U-spannen der Folie, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die plastische Masse vor dem Ausstoßen auf Leihe- erhöhte Temperatur (mindestens q.5°) erhitzt und die Folie sofort nach dem Verlassen des Mundstückes in einem gekühlten Härtebade zum Erstarren gebracht wird.PATENT CLAIM: Process for producing foils by ejection a plastic cellulose mass from: an appropriately designed mouthpiece underneath subsequent -U-tensioning the film, characterized in that the plastic mass heated to the high temperature (at least q.5 °) before ejection and the Immediately after leaving the mouthpiece, place the foil in a cooled hardening bath Solidification is brought about.
DEP63990D 1930-09-30 Process for the production of foils Expired DE621048C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP63990D DE621048C (en) 1930-09-30 Process for the production of foils

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP63990D DE621048C (en) 1930-09-30 Process for the production of foils
US485456A US1956564A (en) 1930-09-30 1930-09-30 Method of producing plastic sheeting

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE621048C true DE621048C (en) 1935-10-31

Family

ID=25990909

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DEP63990D Expired DE621048C (en) 1930-09-30 Process for the production of foils

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE621048C (en)

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