DE553820C - Manufacture of metal carbonyls - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN EMPIRE

ISSUED ON
June 30, 1932

REICH PATENT OFFICE

PATENT LETTERING

Vr 553 CLASS 12 η GROUP

I. G. Farbenindustrie Akt.-Ges. in Frankfurt a. M. *)

Manufacture of metal carbonyls

Patented in the German Empire on August 31, 1930

It has been found that in many cases the production of metal carbonyls by the action of carbon monoxide or gases containing it on reduced carbonyl-forming ones Materials are designed to be particularly advantageous if one considers the reduction of the starting materials, ζ. B. the ores, in at in a known manner with carbon-containing solid or liquid agents, if necessary with the addition of gases such as carbon dioxide, air, oxygen, nitrogen or the like and the carbon dioxide formed during the reduction is used for carbonyl formation. This way of working has various advantages. First of all, she allowed that at the production of metal carbonyls and their decomposition to metal and carbon oxide To cover carbon oxide losses, which are due in particular to the conversion of the carbon oxide into carbon dioxide and to spare a special plant for the production of carbon monoxide, while on the other hand the reduction exhaust gases, which at best are used to generate heat, through combustion could be exploited, be supplied to a technically important purpose. If you work under pressure during the reduction, there is a further advantage.

that the carbonyl oxide to be added immediately to the carbonyl formation under pressure is in the compressed state and that at least part of the compression costs can be saved.

The carbon oxide-containing gases produced during the reduction can in many cases can be used for carbonyl production without special purification. However, it is Content of foreign gases or other impurities is too high, it can be reduced by adding larger or smaller amounts Press pure carbon dioxide below the harmful limit. May be recommended it is the raw gas first of all a preparation, in particular cleaning, fractionation or regeneration by passing over glowing coals.

The reduction is expediently carried out under the pressure under which the Oarbonyl formation should take place. The resulting gases are then, if necessary, So after a pretreatment, e.g. B. by cleaning harmful substances (such as undesirable Sulfur compounds, excess carbon dioxide or smoldering gases), cooling, washing, without significant relaxation in initiated the carbonyl formation furnace,

*) The patent seeker indicated the following as the inventors:

Dr. Leo Schlecht and Dr. Max Naumann in Ludwigshafen a. Rh.

if necessary together with carbon oxides or gases containing carbon oxides - of other origin. So much for cooling the gases to be fed into the carbonyl formation from a high reduction temperature to a lower carbonyl formation temperature through the temperature range of strong carbon oxide decomposition are carried out by taking suitable precautions, e.g. B. by adding substances such as sulfur compounds, which counteract the decomposition of carbon monoxide, to avoid carbon monoxide losses.

The heat required for the reduction can be generated by heating gases, by special, on the reaction vessel internal or external heating devices, by burning part of the reducing agent with air or Oxygen or atich generated by the simultaneous application of several of these measures will.

example 1

Iron hydroxide sludge is ground with excess brown coal and the crumbly Mass sent through a rotary kiln into which air was introduced in such an amount becomes that a temperature of 8oo ° sets itself. The escaping gases will cooled, whereby apart from water in particular organic substances (smoldering tar) condense will. That now mainly consists of nitrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon dioxide The mixture is compressed and passed through water, whereupon the carbon dioxide means Copper chloride solution is washed out. That which has been made free again from the solution Carbon dioxide is used together with idem in the decomposition of the in an earlier operation produced iron carbonyls used released carbon oxide to convert the reduced iron mass; it is enough, about the losses of carbon oxide in the cycle of carbonyl formation -> - carbonyl decomposition —Ν to cover carbonyl formation.

Example 2

Pyrite cinder is heated to 850 ⁰ with Grude in the retort furnace of air. The gas which escapes and contains 40 to 70 o / _o carbon in addition to carbon dioxide and some hydrogen and methane is washed in a compressed state with water and fed to the carbonyl formation without decompression.

Example 3

Norwegian iron ore is reduced in the retort furnace with excess lignite at iooo ^0th After cooling, the escaping gas is introduced into the gasometer, from which the compressors for the carbonyl oxide used for carbonyl formation are fed and into which the carbon oxide resulting from the carbonyl decomposition is also fed.

Example 4

A 5 o / ₀ nickel oxide and copper oxide 90 0/0 containing mass is continuously mixed with carbon under 20 atmospheres pressure through a held by means of internal heating to 850 ⁰ oven. The escaping gas is passed into a second furnace, where it is allowed to ^{act on the reduced material at 150 °} and 20 atm. Pressure in order to obtain its nickel content as carbonyl.

Claims (1)

Claim: "^ Process" for the production of ^{Metallcai -} bonylen by reducing carbonyl - forming materials and action of carbon oxy d or gases containing such on the reduced material, characterized in that the reduction is carried out in a manner known per se with carbon - containing solid or liquid reducing agents and the carbon oxide formed during the reduction is used for carbonyl formation.