DE476145C - Process for the production of sodium nitrate from ammonium nitrate and common salt - Google Patents
Process for the production of sodium nitrate from ammonium nitrate and common saltInfo
- Publication number
- DE476145C DE476145C DEM93085D DEM0093085D DE476145C DE 476145 C DE476145 C DE 476145C DE M93085 D DEM93085 D DE M93085D DE M0093085 D DEM0093085 D DE M0093085D DE 476145 C DE476145 C DE 476145C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- nitrate
- common salt
- sodium
- production
- ammonium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title claims description 10
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 title claims description 6
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 6
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 title description 3
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 title description 3
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- UJEXUGLEYVZZEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-O azanium;sodium;dinitrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O UJEXUGLEYVZZEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QDHHCQZDFGDHMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloramine Chemical compound ClN QDHHCQZDFGDHMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009621 Solvay process Methods 0.000 description 1
- DHOCGIHFPKXZJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cl+].N[H] Chemical compound [Cl+].N[H] DHOCGIHFPKXZJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008246 gaseous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
- C01D9/00—Nitrates of sodium, potassium or alkali metals in general
- C01D9/08—Preparation by double decomposition
- C01D9/10—Preparation by double decomposition with ammonium nitrate
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Natronsalpeter aus Ammoniumnitrat und Kochsalz Kunstsalpeter wird heute ausschließlich durch Neutralisation von synthetischer, durch Verbrennung von Ammoniak oder Luftverbrennung im elektrischen Lichtbogen gewonnener Salpetersäure dargestellt. Die Versuche, Natriumnitrat durch Umsetzung des jetzt leicht zugänglichen Ammoniumnitrats mit Kochsalz unter gleichzeitiger Gewinnung von Ammoniumchlorid darzustellen, haben bisher zu keinem wirtschaftlichen Erfolge führen können, da diese Umsetzung infolge der Löslichkeitsverhältnisse der am Umsatz beteiligten Salze nur unvollständig, etwa zu 25 °/o; verläuft. Nach vorliegendem Verfahren läßt sich nun dieser Umsatz glatt durchführen, wenn man folgendermaßen arbeitet Zunächst wird eine Lösung von Ammonnitrat mit Natriumbicarbonat auf 7o bis 75' C erhitzt. Hierbei entsteht durch doppelte Umsetzung beider Salze Ammoniumbicarbonat, welches sich bekanntlich oberhalb 65' rasch zersetzt. Daher vollzieht sich die Umsetzung quantitativ nach der Gleichung: Das entweichende gasförmige Gemisch von Atnmoniak und Kohlensäure mit Wasserdampf wird bei etwa 30° von einer gesättigten Kochsalzlösung aufgenommen, wobei sich nach dem bekannten Solvay-Prozeß das wenig lösliche Natriumbicarbonat ausscheidet, welches in den Betrieb zurückkehrt. Die Mutterlauge. welche das gebildete Ammoniumchlorid neben den Resten des Natriumcarbonats enthält, wird entweder mit einer entsprechenden Menge von konzentrierter Chlorcalciumlauge zwecks Abscheidüng der Kohlensäure versetzt und eingedampft, wobei man ein etwa 75- bis 8o prozentiges, mitKochsalz verunreinigtes undfürDüngezwecke geeignetes Chlorammonium erhält; oder nach Zugabe von Kalkmilch zwecks Austreibung des Ammoniaks durch einen üblichen Kolonnenapparat geleitet. Beispiel Es wurden 250 cm einer Ammoniumnitratlösung mit einem Gehalte von 320 g NH,NO3 im Liter entsprechend einer Menge von 8o g Ammonnitrat genommen und 84 g Natriumbicarbonat hinzugesetzt.Process for the production of sodium nitrate from ammonium nitrate and common salt Today, artificial nitrate is represented exclusively by the neutralization of synthetic nitric acid obtained by burning ammonia or burning air in an electric arc. Attempts to produce sodium nitrate by reacting the now easily accessible ammonium nitrate with common salt with simultaneous production of ammonium chloride have so far not led to any economic success, since this conversion is incomplete due to the solubility of the salts involved in the conversion, about 25%; runs. According to the present process, this conversion can now be carried out smoothly if one works as follows. First, a solution of ammonium nitrate with sodium bicarbonate is heated to 70 to 75 ° C. The double reaction of the two salts produces ammonium bicarbonate, which is known to decompose rapidly above 65 '. Therefore, the implementation takes place quantitatively according to the equation: The escaping gaseous mixture of ammonia and carbonic acid with water vapor is absorbed at about 30 ° by a saturated saline solution, the sparingly soluble sodium bicarbonate separating out according to the known Solvay process, which is then returned to operation. The mother liquor. which contains the ammonium chloride formed in addition to the residues of sodium carbonate, is either mixed with a corresponding amount of concentrated calcium chloride solution for the purpose of separating off the carbonic acid and evaporated, whereby an about 75 to 80 percent, contaminated with sodium chloride and suitable for fertilization purposes, chlorine ammonium is obtained; or, after adding milk of lime, passed through a conventional column apparatus to drive off the ammonia. EXAMPLE 250 cm of an ammonium nitrate solution with a content of 320 g of NH, NO3 per liter, corresponding to an amount of 80 g of ammonium nitrate, were taken and 84 g of sodium bicarbonate were added.
Nach Erwärmung bis auf 75' im Laufe einer halben Stunde verblieben in der Lösung nur geringe Mengen von Ammoniak, nach Eindampfung der Lösung wurden 85 g Salpeter mit einem Gehalt von 98,9"/, erhalten.After heating up to 75 ' in the course of half an hour, only small amounts of ammonia remained in the solution; after evaporation of the solution, 85 g of saltpetre with a content of 98.9% were obtained.
Die bei der Reaktion entweichenden Gase wurden in 17o ccm einer gesättigten Kochsalzlösung geleitet, wobei sich 63 g Natriumbicarbonat (750/0 der theoretischen Menge) ausschieden, während die Lösung 40 g Chlorammonium, 15 g Kochsalz und 19,75 g Ammoniumbicarbonat enthielt. Zu der Lösung wurde eine Chlorcalciumlauge mit 27,5 g zugegeben und die vom Calciumcarbonat getrennte Lösung eingedampft.The gases escaping during the reaction were passed into 170 cc of a saturated sodium chloride solution, 63 g of sodium bicarbonate (750/0 of the theoretical amount) precipitating out, while the solution contained 40 g of chlorammonium, 15 g of sodium chloride and 19.75 g of ammonium bicarbonate. A calcium chloride solution of 27.5 g was added to the solution and the solution, which had separated from the calcium carbonate, was evaporated.
Das erhaltene Produkt enthielt 780/, Chlorammonium.The product obtained contained 780% chlorammonium.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEM93085D DE476145C (en) | 1926-01-30 | 1926-01-30 | Process for the production of sodium nitrate from ammonium nitrate and common salt |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEM93085D DE476145C (en) | 1926-01-30 | 1926-01-30 | Process for the production of sodium nitrate from ammonium nitrate and common salt |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE476145C true DE476145C (en) | 1929-05-08 |
Family
ID=7322305
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEM93085D Expired DE476145C (en) | 1926-01-30 | 1926-01-30 | Process for the production of sodium nitrate from ammonium nitrate and common salt |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE476145C (en) |
-
1926
- 1926-01-30 DE DEM93085D patent/DE476145C/en not_active Expired
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