DE4402111A1 - Mobile waste crushing unit with undercarriage and filling trough - Google Patents

Abstract

The undercarriage (1,2) carries a filling trough (3), a roller floor (4) and an associated pull-in (5) and crushing set (8). The latter consists of a slow moving, cylindrical rotor with releasable, stationary blades (9), and a counter-blade beam (11,12) at the discharge side of the roller floor, parallel to the rotor. Pref. the roller floor top side is slightly higher (x) than the counter-blade extending over the entire width of the roller floor. The rotary axis (5b) of the swivelably mounted pull-in roller lies above the roller floor and behind the rotary point (6a) of swivel arms (6) carrying the pull-in roller.

Description

The invention relates to a mobile waste shredding unit according to the generic term of Pa claim 1, their basic structure of DE-PS 35 33 907 and DE-OS 41 09 726 of the same type complies with.  

These devices have been known for some time practice in a variety of applications are sufficient, especially when shredding so-called Green waste, small wood, bark and Like. for the purpose well proven in composting. Very limited or partially not usable at all se known devices due to their commute freely the working flails, relatively high-speed revolving shredding rotors, however, if for the purpose of reducing the volume of metal Bulky waste, demolition wood, plastic containers, old tires or similar materials to be crushed.

The object of the present invention is half primarily in terms of construction and the design of the comminution rotor and to offer the feed elements a new solution, through which the gaps listed at the beginning of the device group at issue here become.

This task is generally solved by the specified in claim 1 structural and be technical means and measures that also  regarding their special design and before partial further education subject of the dependent claims che are. In the drawing is an execution example game of the invention largely schematically and based on this representation in the following described in more detail.

Show it:

Fig. 1 is a partially longitudinally sectioned side view of the new Abfallzerkleinerungsein shown integrated,

Fig. 2 in view of and with respect to FIG. 1, the new shredding enlarged approximately rotor,

Fig. 3 is a side view of Fig. 2 and

Fig. 4 in original size as a sectional view a side view of a knife attachment on the grinding rotor.

The new waste shredding device shown in Fig. 1 consists in its basic structure of the chassis 1 with wheels 2 , drawbar 1 a, floor support 1 b for the area of the filling trough 3 with the rolling floor therein and the housing 1 c in the front area to cover Zer reduction rotor 8 , feed roller 5 , 5 a and its swing arms 6 , 6 a.

New in such a device and thus the core of the invention is that for the first time the shredding unit 8 from a rotating, cylindri's rotor with detachably attached fixed knives 9 and a latter at the end of the moving floor 4 assigned to the output side parallel to the rotor 8 , beam-like counter knife 11 , 12 be. Due to the low speed of the grinding unit 8, there is only a very low noise level, which means that use is now possible in residential areas. In addition, the unit 8, as a so-called slow-running machine, has a large torque and is therefore also suitable for comminuting metal parts in bulky waste or demolishing wood.

In a special embodiment of the invention it is also provided that the top of the rolling floor 4 runs slightly higher "x" than the counter knife 11 , 12 extending over the entire width of the rolling floor and the axis of rotation 5 b of the oscillatingly mounted feed roller 5 , in the transport direction " R "of the rolling floor 4 seen above the latter and behind the fulcrum 6 a of the feed roller 5 tra swing arms 6 is. The rolling floor 4 is therefore to the counter knife 11 , 12 slightly higher to reach an optimal thrust and a good pre-compression of the waste material with the feed roller 5 , 5 a; This effect is greatly enhanced by the special structural arrangement or vibrating direction of the holding arms 6 , 6 a, whereby the drive torque of the feed roller 5 , 5 a exerts an additional pressure on the waste material to be pre-pressed. A greater pressing force is thus achieved here than if only the dead weight of the roller 5 , 5 a were to act. The attack on the swing arms 6 Zy cylinder 7 are used here only as a shock absorber or for complete lifting of the feed roller 5 , 5 a during repairs or knife changes on the shredding rotor 8 .

In a special embodiment of the latter 8 it is now provided that the knife 9 of the Zerkleinerungsro gate 8 , web-shaped in several parallel and stepped rows I or II or III and at an angle "β" to the rotor axis of rotation 8 a offset by means of console-shaped knife holder 8th b, 8 c, 8 d and these ver binding, pointing in the direction of the rotor longitudinal webs 13 are arranged on the rotor surface 8 , these knives 9 see ver on both sides with cutting edges 9 a, that is, designed as a so-called reversible knife and via clamping and adjusting screws 10 and 10 a are connected to the knife holders 8 b, 8 c, 8 d, the same distance "A" always being present between the knives 9 which follow one another in the rotor circumferential direction. With this arrangement, on the one hand, there is always only a single knife 9 in engagement with the shear bar 11 and, on the other hand, there is no cut-free zone, since each knife 9 extends into the next row I or II or III.

The counter knife is inclined 5 ° and approx. 1/4 rotor ⌀ below the rotor center 8 a. At the moment of separation, the cross-section of the knife that passes the counter knife is 5 ° in the perpendicular, ie 10 ° inclined to the counter knife. This geometry therefore also enables the knives to be turned over, thus doubling the service life.

Regarding the cutting geometry, it is also easily seen that the knife 9 of the rotor 8 has a blunt cutting angle "W", e.g. B. 92 °, an extremely small clearance angle "F", z. B. 8 ° and have no rake angle and the bar-shaped counter knife 11 , 12 inclined by about 5 ° and about 1/4 of the rotor 8 diameter below the rotor central axis 8 a is arranged; the knives 9 do not cut, but shear with thin, hard waste and squeeze or shred soft thicker materials.

When shredding wood, green waste, smaller soft parts such as foils etc., covers 14 are additionally screwed between the knives 9 onto the rotor 8 , which ensure a fine degree of shredding. In the case of bulky waste, scrap and large parts, these covers 14 are removed.

The new waste crushing unit is further characterized by a drive of the crushing rotor 8 and possibly the feed roller 5 by means of a power band and planetary gear located in the interior of the rotor or roller, supplying the comminuted material via a sloping floor 15 below the counter knife 11 , 12 to one Discharge conveyor 16 and there by that at the free end of the discharge conveyor 16 there is a metal roller separating the magnetic parts 17 , possibly in the comminuted material, with associated discharge chute or the like, and that ultimately the speeds of all moving or rotating units 4 , 5 , 8 , 16 can be regulated independently of one another.

In a short description the way the new device:

The material to be shredded is fed into the Filling pan tipped directly onto the moving floor that it to the rotor after compression by the feed roller leads. Between knife and counter knife takes place through a separation process a combination between squeezing, Shearing, cutting. The crushed good falls from Counter knife over a sloping floor directly on the Discharge belt, which transports it to the magnetic roller where metallic parts of crushed material be separated. The falling good forms one Rental fee.  

The speed of the moving floor, feed roller and The discharge conveyor can be adjusted individually. With too big Resistance under the feed roller or with waste the engine speed will be both rolling floor as well Feed roller reverses automatically.

If the rotor gets stuck automatically disengaged and the engine switched off. For crushing large, bulky material with higher proportion of metal parts, the rotor used without covers between the knives, whereby for wood, rubber and green waste, where a finer grain degree of reduction is desired, these covers be screwed on. Knife setting, on and off Dismantling of the covers can be done both from the back Fold out the discharge conveyor or from the front to Pump up the feed roller.

Reference list

1 chassis
1 a drawbar
1 b floor support
1 c housing
2 impeller
3 fill tray
4 rolling floors
5 feed roller
5 a tines
5 b pivot point, axis of rotation
6 swing arm
6 a pivot point
7 shock absorbers
8 shredding unit, rotor surface
8 a pivot point, rotor axis of rotation
8 b knife holder
8 c knife holder
8 d knife holder
9 reversible knives
9 a cutting edge
10 set screw
10 a clamping screw
11 shear bar, counter knife
12 cutter bars
13 Longitudinal bar on the knife holders
14 cover
15 sloping floor
16 discharge belt
17 magnetic roller
18 discharge chute
β offset of knife position
x Overhang of the rolling floor surface
A distance of the measuring sequence
F clearance angle
R Direction of transport rolling floor
W cutting angle
I, II, III rows of knives

Claims (10)

1. Mobile waste shredding unit to reduce the volume of, for example, bulky waste, demolition wood, plastics, used tires and the like. Like. And for organic waste materials such as green waste, small wood, bark and the like. Ä. for the purpose of composting, consisting of a chassis ( 1 , 2 ), fill tray ( 3 ), rolling floor ( 4 ) and the sen or subordinate feeder ( 5 ) and shredding unit ( 8 ), characterized in that the shredding unit ( 8 ) consists of a slowly rotating, cylindrical rotor with detachable fixed knives ( 9 ) mounted thereon and a latter at the discharge end of the rolling floor ( 4 ) parallel to the rotor ( 8 ) to arranged, bar-like counter knife ( 11 , 12 ) . 2. Mobile waste comminution unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the top of the rolling floor ( 4 ) slightly higher (x) than the counter-knife ( 11 , 12 ) extending over the entire width of the rolling floor and the axis of rotation ( 5 b) of the oscillating bearings Feed roller ( 5 ), seen in the transport direction (R) of the rolling floor ( 4 ), above the latter and behind the fulcrum ( 6 a) of the feed roller ( 5 ) carrying swing arms ( 6 ). 3. Shredding unit according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the knife ( 9 ) of the shredding rotor ( 8 ), web-shaped in several parallel and graded rows (I or II or III) and at an angle (β) to Rotor axis of rotation ( 8 a) ver uses console-shaped knife holders ( 8 b, 8 c, 8 d) and these connecting, in the rotor circumferential direction longitudinal webs ( 13 ) are arranged on the rotor surface ( 8 ). 4. Shredding unit according to claim 3, characterized in that the knife ( 9 ) on both sides with cutting edges ( 9 a), that is, forms out as a so-called reversible knife and via clamping and adjusting screws ( 10 and 10 a) with the knife holders ( 8 b, 8 c, 8 d) are connected, wherein there is always the same distance (A) between the knives ( 9 ) which follow one another in the direction of rotor rotation. 5. Shredding unit according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the knife ( 9 ) of the rotor ( 8 ) has an obtuse cutting angle (W, for example 92 °), an extremely small clearance angle (F, for example . 8 °) and have no rake angle and the bar-shaped counter knife ( 11 , 12 ) inclined by approx. 5 ° and approx. 1/4 of the rotor ( 8 ) diameter below the rotor center axis ( 8 a) is arranged. 6. Comminution unit according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized by covers ( 14 ) which can be screwed onto the areas between the knives ( 9 ) on the rotor surface ( 8 ). 7. Comminution unit according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized by driving the comminution rotor ( 8 ) and, if appropriate. The feed roller ( 5 ) by means of a power band and a planet located in the interior of the rotor or roller. 8. Shredding unit according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized by feeding the shredded material over an inclined floor ( 15 ) below the counter knife ( 11 , 12 ) to a discharge conveyor ( 16 ) 9. Shredding unit according to claim 8, characterized in that at the free end of the discharge conveyor ( 16 ), possibly located in the comminuted metal parts separating magnetic roller ( 17 ) with associated discharge chute or the like. 10. Shredding unit according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the speeds of all moving or rotating units ( 4 , 5 , 8 , 16 ) can be regulated independently of one another.