DE4319763A1 - Light-impermeable laminated insulating-glass panel for heat insulation - Google Patents
Light-impermeable laminated insulating-glass panel for heat insulationInfo
- Publication number
- DE4319763A1 DE4319763A1 DE4319763A DE4319763A DE4319763A1 DE 4319763 A1 DE4319763 A1 DE 4319763A1 DE 4319763 A DE4319763 A DE 4319763A DE 4319763 A DE4319763 A DE 4319763A DE 4319763 A1 DE4319763 A1 DE 4319763A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- powder
- panes
- light
- glass panel
- panel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021485 fumed silica Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003605 opacifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
- E06B3/6612—Evacuated glazing units
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/54—Slab-like translucent elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
- E06B3/67—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light
- E06B3/6715—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light specially adapted for increased thermal insulation or for controlled passage of light
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
- Y02A30/249—Glazing, e.g. vacuum glazing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
- Y02B80/10—Insulation, e.g. vacuum or aerogel insulation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
- Y02B80/22—Glazing, e.g. vaccum glazing
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Thermal Insulation (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein thermisches Isolationssystem auf der Basis eines Mehrscheiben-Isolierglas-Panels (im folgenden als Panel beschrieben), bei welchem ein oder mehrere Scheibenzwischenräume mit thermisch hochdämmenden Pulver gefüllt sind, das gegebenenfalls getrocknet und evakuiert wird. Die Wärmedämmung dieses Systems ist etwa zehnmal höher als die Dämmung herkömmlicher Isolationsmaterialien.The invention relates to a thermal insulation system on the Basis of a multi-pane insulating glass panel (hereinafter referred to as a panel described), in which one or more disc spaces are filled with thermally highly insulating powder, which if necessary is dried and evacuated. The thermal insulation of this system is about ten times higher than conventional insulation Insulation materials.
Der besondere Wert der Erfindung ist dadurch gegeben, daß alle für Isolationsfenster bisher verwendeten Techniken, sowohl der Herstellung, des Transportes und auch des Einbaus in konventionelle Fenster- und Fassadensysteme möglich ist.The special value of the invention is given by the fact that all for Isolation windows techniques previously used, both the Manufacture, transport and installation in conventional Window and facade systems is possible.
Die Panels können als moderne Bauelemente vorzugsweise anstelle konventioneller Fenster- und Fassadensysteme gegebenenfalls in Wände oder Fassaden integriert werden. Sie können auch als Bauelemente von Kühl- oder Klimakammer, sowie Wärmespeichern eingesetzt werden. Um architektonischen Anforderungen zu genügen, können die inneren oder äußeren Glasoberflächen mit einer beliebigen Beschichtung oder Folie versehen sein, gegebenenfalls mit Lack, Emaille oder einer reflektierenden oder streuenden Schicht.As modern components, the panels can preferably be used instead conventional window and facade systems, possibly in walls or facades can be integrated. They can also be used as components from Cooling or climate chamber, as well as heat storage can be used. Around The interior or can meet architectural requirements outer glass surfaces with any coating or film be provided, if necessary with paint, enamel or a reflective or scattering layer.
Als Füllung der Panels kommen hochdämmende, mikro- oder nanoporöse Pulver in Frage, die infrarottrübende Komponenten enthalten können. Besonders geeignet erscheint rußgetrübtes Siliziumdioxid-Aerogel, das eine besonders niedrige Wärmeleitfähigkeit aufweist. Die Festkörperdichte des Aerogels ist im Bereich von 50 bis 500 Kg/m³. Die Korngrößen der Aerogelpartikel müssen unter 0,5 mm liegen, vorzugsweise zwischen 1 µm und 100 µm. Der Rußanteil im Aerogelpulver kann bis zu 50% betragen, vorzugsweise 10%.The panels are filled with highly insulating, micro- or nanoporous Powder in question, which can contain infrared-opacifying components. Soot-tarnished silicon dioxide airgel appears to be particularly suitable, which has a particularly low thermal conductivity. The Solid density of the airgel is in the range of 50 to 500 kg / m³. The grain sizes of the airgel particles must be less than 0.5 mm, preferably between 1 µm and 100 µm. The amount of soot in the Airgel powder can be up to 50%, preferably 10%.
Für den Randverbund der Panels können Standard-Verarbeitungstechniken verwendet werden, die es erlauben, daß der Randverbund einen hinreichenden Luftabschluß und gegebenenfalls eine hinreichende Vakuumdichtigkeit des/der mit Pulver gefüllten Scheibenzwischenraums/räume zur Atmosphäre hin gewährleistet. Vorzugsweise kommen Abstandshalter zum Einsatz, die mit den Scheiben durch eine Dichtung aus vorzugsweise Isobutylen oder einem ähnlichen Material verbunden sind. Zusätzlich ist dieser Randverbund nach außen hin mit einer geeigneten Dichtungsmasse, beispielsweise einer Polysulfid- oder Silikondichtung, abzuschließen (siehe Abb. 1). Dieser bei Mehrscheiben-Isolierverglasung schon seit Jahren bewährte Randverbund unterbindet das Eindringen von Feuchtigkeit und Gasen in den Isolationsraum und er genügt daher, das erforderliche Vakuum über Jahre hinaus aufrechtzuerhalten. Um eine geringe Wärmeleitfähigkeit des Panels zu erreichen, darf der Druck im Isolationsraum nach der Evakuierung des getrockneten Pulvers 100 mbar nicht übersteigen.Standard processing techniques can be used for the edge bond of the panels, which allow the edge bond to ensure adequate air sealing and, if necessary, adequate vacuum tightness of the powder-filled space between the panes and the atmosphere. Spacers are preferably used, which are connected to the disks by a seal, preferably made of isobutylene or a similar material. In addition, this edge bond must be sealed to the outside with a suitable sealing compound, for example a polysulfide or silicone seal (see Fig. 1). This edge seal, which has been tried and tested in multi-pane insulating glazing for years, prevents moisture and gases from penetrating into the insulation space and is therefore sufficient to maintain the required vacuum for years to come. In order to achieve a low thermal conductivity of the panel, the pressure in the insulation room after the evacuation of the dried powder must not exceed 100 mbar.
Um die Wärmedämmung an den Randgebieten des Panels (wegen der Wärmeleitung über den Randverbund) zu verbessern, kann gegebenenfalls das Panel am Rand thermisch isoliert werden. Dies ist möglich durch einen isolierenden Rahmen (ähnlich einem herkömmlichen Fensterrahmen), der den Rand des Panels umschließt, so daß der Randverbund vollständig abgedeckt ist. Dieser Rahmen ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er hohl und mit einem thermischen Isolationsmaterial gefüllt ist, gegebenenfalls mit einem hochdämmenden Pulver, oder daß er vollständig aus einem Isolationsmaterial besteht. To the thermal insulation on the edge of the panel (because of the Can improve heat conduction over the edge bond) if necessary, the edge of the panel is thermally insulated. This is possible through an insulating frame (similar to a conventional one) Window frame) that surrounds the edge of the panel so that the Edge bond is completely covered. This is the framework characterized in that it is hollow and with a thermal Insulation material is filled, possibly with a highly insulating powder, or that it is made entirely of one There is insulation material.
Die hervorragende Dämmwirkung des gegebenenfalls infrarotgetrübten Pulvers beruht darauf, daß die drei Komponenten der Gesamtwärmeleitung - Festkörperwärmeleitung, Gaswärmeleitung und Strahlungswärmeleitung - äußerst reduziert sind:The excellent insulation effect of the possibly infrared clouded Powder is based on the fact that the three components of the Total heat conduction - solid-state heat conduction, gas heat conduction and Radiant heat conduction - are extremely reduced:
a) Die Festkörperwärmeleitung ist wegen der porösen Struktur des Silizium-Gerüsts gering. In der Pulverschüttung reduziert sich die Festkörperwärmeleitfähigkeit durch die Ausbildung vieler Punktkontakt-Wärmewiderstände, für Aerogelpulver auf 0,002 bis 0,003 W/mK (bei ca. 1 bar externen Belastungsdruck).a) The solid-state heat conduction is due to the porous structure of the Silicon scaffolding low. The amount of powder is reduced solid-state thermal conductivity through the training of many Point contact thermal resistances, for airgel powder at 0.002 to 0.003 W / mK (at approx. 1 bar external load pressure).
b) Die hohe Dämmwirkung des Aerogels in Luft beruht darauf, daß wegen der kleinen Porenweiten im Bereich von etwa 1 nm bis 100 nm kaum noch Stöße der Luftmoleküle untereinander erfolgen, sondern bevorzugt Luft-Wand-Stöße. Die Gaswärmeleitung ist also entscheidend herabgesetzt. In einer Pulverschüttung findet die Gaswärmeleitung hauptsächlich in den Kornzwischenräumen statt. Diese Zwischenräume müssen genügend klein sein, um die Gaswärmeleitung zu behindern. Dies ist der Fall bei Korngrößen kleiner 100 µm. Im Patent EP 0 468 124 A1 werden als Dämmaterial Aerogelgranulate mit Korngrößen zwischen 0,5 mm und 7 mm eingesetzt. Die Wärmeleitung von evakuierten Granulaten ist mehr als doppelt so hoch als bei Pulvern (siehe Abb. 2). Durch die Verwendung von Pulvern kleiner Korngrößen wird also eine wesentliche Verbesserung der Wärmedämmeigenschaften erreicht.b) The high insulating effect of the airgel in air is due to the fact that, due to the small pore widths in the range from approximately 1 nm to 100 nm, there are hardly any shocks between the air molecules, but preferably air-wall shocks. The gas heat pipe is therefore significantly reduced. In a powder filling, the gas heat conduction mainly takes place in the interstitial spaces. These spaces must be small enough to obstruct the gas heat pipe. This is the case with grain sizes smaller than 100 µm. In patent EP 0 468 124 A1, airgel granules with grain sizes between 0.5 mm and 7 mm are used as the insulating material. The heat conduction of evacuated granules is more than twice as high as that of powders (see Fig. 2). By using powders of small grain sizes, a significant improvement in the thermal insulation properties is achieved.
Bei nanoporösen Aerogelpulvern ist durch eine Evakuierung unter 1 mbar die Gaswärmeleitung praktisch vollständig unterdrückt. Es ist eine Wärmeleitung unter 0,005 W/mk zu erreichen.With nanoporous airgel powders, evacuation below 1 mbar means that Gas heat pipe practically completely suppressed. It is one To achieve heat conduction below 0.005 W / mk.
c) Die dritte Komponente der Wärmeleitung ist die Strahlungswärmeleitung. Diese Strahlungswärme (Infrarotstrahlung) nimmt mit steigender Temperatur zu. Reine Aerogele sind für Infrarotstrahlung für Wellenlängen unter 8 µm durchlässig. Die Aerogelpulver sind also mit Infrarottrübungsmitteln zu vermischen, welche die Infrarotstrahlung in dem entsprechenden Wellenlängenbereich streuen, absorbieren oder reflektierten (siehe Patent EP 0 396 076). Die isolierende Schicht wird somit also auch für diese Strahlung undurchlässig.c) The third component of heat conduction is radiation heat conduction. This radiant heat (infrared radiation) increases with increasing temperature to. Pure aerogels are for infrared radiation for wavelengths below 8 µm permeable. The airgel powders are also covered with infrared opacifiers mix which the infrared radiation in the corresponding Scatter, absorb or reflect the wavelength range (see Patent EP 0 396 076). The insulating layer is therefore also for this radiation is impermeable.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4319763A DE4319763C2 (en) | 1993-06-15 | 1993-06-15 | Evacuated, opaque multi-pane insulation panel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4319763A DE4319763C2 (en) | 1993-06-15 | 1993-06-15 | Evacuated, opaque multi-pane insulation panel |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE4319763A1 true DE4319763A1 (en) | 1994-12-22 |
| DE4319763C2 DE4319763C2 (en) | 1995-08-31 |
Family
ID=6490363
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4319763A Expired - Fee Related DE4319763C2 (en) | 1993-06-15 | 1993-06-15 | Evacuated, opaque multi-pane insulation panel |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE4319763C2 (en) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1998034000A1 (en) * | 1997-01-30 | 1998-08-06 | Bayerisches Zentrum Für Angewandte Energieforschung E.V. Zae Bayern | Thermal-break translucent panel |
| EP1154090A1 (en) * | 2000-05-11 | 2001-11-14 | POZZI AROSIO INDUSTRIA VERNICI SPECIALI DI ALESSANDRO POZZI & C. S.A.S. | Method for producing composite articles and the composite article obtained |
| EP1225297A1 (en) * | 2001-01-19 | 2002-07-24 | DFS Technology & Service AG | Window construction and window frame |
| DE20204198U1 (en) | 2002-03-15 | 2002-08-08 | Porta Systems AG, 32457 Porta Westfalica | End door for buildings, especially for passive houses |
| US6978160B2 (en) | 2001-01-22 | 2005-12-20 | Nokia Corporation | Two part portable telephone configured to be worn about the person |
| WO2008144634A3 (en) * | 2007-05-18 | 2009-02-12 | Cabot Corp | Filling fenestration units |
| US7621299B2 (en) | 2003-10-03 | 2009-11-24 | Cabot Corporation | Method and apparatus for filling a vessel with particulate matter |
| DE102008034842A1 (en) | 2008-07-24 | 2010-02-04 | Porextherm-Dämmstoffe Gmbh | Heat-insulating molded padding for solar collector, has supporting body with glass casing, where glass casing has glass element provided on supporting body |
| WO2013029871A1 (en) | 2011-08-26 | 2013-03-07 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Insulating glazing with thermal protection insulating panel |
| DE102013008087A1 (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2014-10-02 | Weru Gmbh | Door leaf with special filling |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10034764A1 (en) * | 2000-05-31 | 2001-12-06 | Arnold Glaswerke | Panel |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0396076A1 (en) * | 1989-05-05 | 1990-11-07 | BASF Aktiengesellschaft | Thermal insulating materials based on pigmentic silicia aerogels |
| DE3927538A1 (en) * | 1989-08-21 | 1991-02-28 | Tps Ges Fuer Tech Physikalisch | Sandwich construction panel for thermal insulation - is produced by filling the space between rigid facings with aerogel, and does not contain chloro:fluoro hydrocarbon(s) |
-
1993
- 1993-06-15 DE DE4319763A patent/DE4319763C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0396076A1 (en) * | 1989-05-05 | 1990-11-07 | BASF Aktiengesellschaft | Thermal insulating materials based on pigmentic silicia aerogels |
| DE3927538A1 (en) * | 1989-08-21 | 1991-02-28 | Tps Ges Fuer Tech Physikalisch | Sandwich construction panel for thermal insulation - is produced by filling the space between rigid facings with aerogel, and does not contain chloro:fluoro hydrocarbon(s) |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| "Aerogele - eine faszinierende Klasse hochporöser Materialien" v. Prof. Dr. J. Fricke in Umschau 1986, H. 7, S. 374-377 * |
| "Therminal Transport in Porous Superinsulations" in Aerogels, Springer-Verlag, 1985, S. 94 u. 95 * |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1998034000A1 (en) * | 1997-01-30 | 1998-08-06 | Bayerisches Zentrum Für Angewandte Energieforschung E.V. Zae Bayern | Thermal-break translucent panel |
| EP1154090A1 (en) * | 2000-05-11 | 2001-11-14 | POZZI AROSIO INDUSTRIA VERNICI SPECIALI DI ALESSANDRO POZZI & C. S.A.S. | Method for producing composite articles and the composite article obtained |
| EP1225297A1 (en) * | 2001-01-19 | 2002-07-24 | DFS Technology & Service AG | Window construction and window frame |
| US6978160B2 (en) | 2001-01-22 | 2005-12-20 | Nokia Corporation | Two part portable telephone configured to be worn about the person |
| DE20204198U1 (en) | 2002-03-15 | 2002-08-08 | Porta Systems AG, 32457 Porta Westfalica | End door for buildings, especially for passive houses |
| US7621299B2 (en) | 2003-10-03 | 2009-11-24 | Cabot Corporation | Method and apparatus for filling a vessel with particulate matter |
| WO2008144634A3 (en) * | 2007-05-18 | 2009-02-12 | Cabot Corp | Filling fenestration units |
| US8628834B2 (en) | 2007-05-18 | 2014-01-14 | Cabot Corporation | Filling fenestration units |
| DE102008034842A1 (en) | 2008-07-24 | 2010-02-04 | Porextherm-Dämmstoffe Gmbh | Heat-insulating molded padding for solar collector, has supporting body with glass casing, where glass casing has glass element provided on supporting body |
| WO2013029871A1 (en) | 2011-08-26 | 2013-03-07 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Insulating glazing with thermal protection insulating panel |
| US9169687B2 (en) | 2011-08-26 | 2015-10-27 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Insulating glazing with thermal protection insulating panel |
| DE102013008087A1 (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2014-10-02 | Weru Gmbh | Door leaf with special filling |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE4319763C2 (en) | 1995-08-31 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| OP8 | Request for examination as to paragraph 44 patent law | ||
| 8122 | Nonbinding interest in granting licences declared | ||
| D2 | Grant after examination | ||
| 8364 | No opposition during term of opposition | ||
| 8339 | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |