DE4228504A1 - Process for sorting pre-sorted mixed wastes - using magnetic and gravity sepn. and flotation - Google Patents
Process for sorting pre-sorted mixed wastes - using magnetic and gravity sepn. and flotationInfo
- Publication number
- DE4228504A1 DE4228504A1 DE19924228504 DE4228504A DE4228504A1 DE 4228504 A1 DE4228504 A1 DE 4228504A1 DE 19924228504 DE19924228504 DE 19924228504 DE 4228504 A DE4228504 A DE 4228504A DE 4228504 A1 DE4228504 A1 DE 4228504A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- sorting
- centrifuge
- stage
- sorted
- plastics
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 title 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 title 1
- 239000010812 mixed waste Substances 0.000 title 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000237074 Centris Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006148 magnetic separator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
- B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
- B03B9/061—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse the refuse being industrial
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
- B29B17/0412—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling to large particles, e.g. beads, granules, flakes, slices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
- B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
- B29B2017/0217—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor
- B29B2017/0237—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor using density difference
- B29B2017/0244—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor using density difference in liquids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
- B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
- B29B2017/0268—Separation of metals
- B29B2017/0272—Magnetic separation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2025/00—Use of polymers of vinyl-aromatic compounds or derivatives thereof as moulding material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2077/00—Use of PA, i.e. polyamides, e.g. polyesteramides or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/04—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped cellular or porous
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2705/00—Use of metals, their alloys or their compounds, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2705/00—Use of metals, their alloys or their compounds, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
- B29K2705/08—Transition metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2705/00—Use of metals, their alloys or their compounds, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
- B29K2705/08—Transition metals
- B29K2705/12—Iron
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2709/00—Use of inorganic materials not provided for in groups B29K2703/00 - B29K2707/00, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
- B29K2709/08—Glass
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung ist auf ein Verfahren zur Sortierung von Abfallgemischen, vorzugsweise Gemische aus Kunststoffen, Verbundstoffen und Metalle, ge richtet. Derartige Abfallgemische, die beispielsweise als Haushaltsabfall an fallen und von den Haushalten bereits teilweise so vorsortiert werden, daß sie weitgehend Glas und Papier nicht mehr enthalten, stellen für eine wei tere Aufbereitung und Sortierung wegen der Vielfalt der vorhanden Stoffe und wegen vielfach vorhandenen unerwünschten Verunreinigungen eine schwer zu lösende Aufgabe dar. Bekannte Sortierverfahren enthalten des halb in der Regel als Verfahrensstufe eine teure Handauslese sowie oftmals als Zwischenstufen eine Klassierung, die insbesondere wegen vorhandener faseriger Materialien (aus Schuhen, Textilien, Papier, Teppichboden etc.) schwierig durchzuführen und störanfällig sind.The invention relates to a method for sorting waste mixtures, preferably mixtures of plastics, composites and metals, ge judges. Such waste mixtures, for example, as household waste fall and are already partially pre-sorted by households so that They largely no longer contain glass and paper tere preparation and sorting because of the variety of available substances and due to the presence of many undesirable impurities difficult task to solve. Known sorting methods contain the half of the process step is an expensive manual selection and often as intermediate levels, a classification that is particularly due to existing fibrous materials (from shoes, textiles, paper, carpets, etc.) difficult to carry out and prone to failure.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren zu schaffen, mit dem die ge nannten Abfallgemische ohne Handauslese und ohne Klassierung in sorten reine Komponenten sortiert werden können.The object of the invention is to provide a method with which the ge named waste mixtures without manual selection and without classification into types pure components can be sorted.
Die Lösung der gestellten Aufgabe geschieht mit den Maßnahmen des Kennzeichnungsteils des Anspruchs 1, vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Er findung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.The task is solved with the measures of Labeling part of claim 1, advantageous developments of the Er invention are specified in the subclaims.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird das Abfallgemisch nach einer Vorzerkleinerung und Magnetscheidung in einen Rührbehälter gegeben, wo infolge eines hohen Energieeintrags durch die Rührvorrichtung vorhandenes Papier und Textilien bis auf ihre Fasern aufgelöst werden. Diese Fasern stö ren die nachfolgenden naßmechanischen Sortierschritte nicht, so daß diese Materialien nicht vorher, wie bei bekannten Verfahren, durch eine oder mehrere Maßnahmen, wie beispielsweise Handauslese oder Klassierung, entfernt werden müssen.In the method according to the invention, the waste mixture is after a Pre-shredding and magnetic separation placed in a stirred tank where due to a high energy input through the stirring device Paper and textiles can be broken down to their fibers. These fibers interfere Ren the subsequent wet mechanical sorting steps, so that these Materials not previously, as in known methods, by one or several measures, such as manual selection or classification, must be removed.
Die nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren, insbesondere durch die naß mechanischen Sortierschritte der Sink-Schwimm-Scheidung und Herdarbeit erhaltenen Einzelkomponenten, insbesondere die erhaltenen Kunststoffe, sind weitgehend frei von unerwünschten Verunreinigungen und sortenrein.The according to the inventive method, especially by the wet mechanical sorting steps of sink-swim divorce and stove work individual components obtained, in particular the plastics obtained, are largely free of unwanted contaminants and are single-variety.
Bei entsprechenden Versuchen hat sich als besonders vorteilhaft ergeben, die Vorzerkleinerung zunächst auf eine Korngröße von ca. 120 mm durch zuführen, mit einer Magnetscheidung Eisen abzutrennen und erst daran an schließend auf die für die naßmechanische Sortierung erforderliche End korngröße, beispielsweise auf kleiner 20 mm weiter zu zerkleinern. Eine mit diesem zerkleinerten Gut dann durchgeführte Magnetscheidung erfaßt nun auch die durch die Zerkleinerung freigelegten Eisenpartikel.In the case of corresponding tests, it has been found to be particularly advantageous pre-shredding to a grain size of approx. 120 mm feed, remove iron with a magnetic separator and only attach to it concluding on the end required for the wet mechanical sorting grain size, for example to shred to less than 20 mm. One with this shredded material then carried out magnetic separation also the iron particles exposed by the comminution.
Als vorteilhaft erwies sich auch die Maßnahme gemäß der Erfindung, die Schwimm-Sink-Scheidung in der Zentrifuge in mehreren Stufen hinterein ander durchzuführen und nur das Schwergut der letzten Zentrifugenstufe auf einem Stoßherd weiterzusortieren. Auf diese Weise gelang die Tren nung in sortenreine Produkte bei einem geringstmöglichen maschinellen Einsatz.The measure according to the invention, which Float-sink divorce in the centrifuge in several stages other and only the heavy goods of the last centrifuge stage to sort on a shock stove. In this way the doors succeeded into single-variety products with the least possible mechanical Commitment.
Nachfolgend wird an einem Anwendungsbeispiel das Verfahren gemäß der Erfindung anhand einer schematischen Zeichnungsfigur näher erläutert.The method according to FIG Invention explained with reference to a schematic drawing figure.
Das von den Haushalten teilweise vorsortierte Abfallgemisch wird zunächst über eine in der Zeichnung nicht näher dargestellte Vorrichtung einer Zer kleinerungsvorrichtung (1) aufgegeben, wo eine Zerkleinerung des ge samten Abfallgemisches auf beispielsweise kleiner 120 mm erfolgt. Dieses zerkleinerte Gemisch gelangt nun in eine erste Magnetscheidevorrich tung (2), wo Fe-Materialien (3) abgetrennt werden.The waste mixture, which is partially pre-sorted by the households, is first given up via a device (not shown in the drawing) of a shredding device ( 1 ) where the entire waste mixture is reduced to, for example, less than 120 mm. This crushed mixture now passes into a first Magnetscheidevorrich device ( 2 ), where Fe materials ( 3 ) are separated.
Das verbleibende Gemisch wird nun einer weiteren Zerkleinerungsvorrich tung (4) zugeführt, in der auf die für eine naßmechanische Sortierung er forderliche Korngröße, beispielsweise auf kleiner 20 mm zerkleinert wird. Durch eine daran anschließende weitere Magnetscheidung, beispielsweise mit einem Trommelmagnetscheider (5) kann nun das durch die Zerkleine rung freigelegte Eisen (6) entfernt werden. Gleichzeitig kann hierbei eine Abtrennung größerer Stücke spezifisch schwerer Stoffe (7), die beispiels weise Glas, Steine, Nichteisenmetalle sein können, durch die unterschiedli che Abwurfparabel bei Abwurf von der Magnettrommel (5) erfolgen.The remaining mixture is now fed to another Zerkleinerungsvorrich device ( 4 ) in which it is crushed to the grain size required for wet mechanical sorting, for example to less than 20 mm. A subsequent magnetic separation, for example with a drum magnetic separator ( 5 ), can now be used to remove the iron ( 6 ) exposed by the comminution. At the same time, larger pieces of specifically heavy substances ( 7 ), which can be glass, stones, non-ferrous metals, for example, can be separated by the different discharge parabola when discharged from the magnetic drum ( 5 ).
Das nach der Abtrennung der spezifisch schweren Stoffe sowie der durch Magnetscheidung entfernten Fe-Metalle verbleibende Gut wird nun erfin dungsgemäß in einen Rührbehälter (8) gegeben und dort mit hohem Ener gieeintrag durch die Rührvorrichtung mit einer Flüssigkeit versetzt. Hierbei ist der Energieeintrag so hoch, daß anhaftende Schmutz- und Staubteilchen sowie anhaftende Luftbläschen entfernt sowie miteinander "verklebte" Par tikel voneinander getrennt werden. Insbesondere werden durch den hohen Energieeintrag vorhandene Papiere und Textilien bis zu ihren einzelnen Fa sern aufgelöst.The remaining after the separation of the specifically heavy substances and the Fe metals removed by magnetic separation is now inventions according to the invention in a stirred tank ( 8 ) and mixed with a high energy input through the stirring device with a liquid. Here, the energy input is so high that adhering dirt and dust particles as well as adhering air bubbles are removed and particles "stuck together" are separated from one another. In particular, the high energy input means that existing papers and textiles are broken down to their individual fibers.
Auf der Oberfläche der so entstandenen Suspension bildet sich im Rührbe hälter eine Schwimmgutschicht aus spezifisch leichten Stoffen aus, die insbesondere aus spezifisch sehr leichten Schaumkunststoffen besteht. Durch eine oberhalb der Suspensionsoberfläche angeordnete Absaugöff nung einer Absaugvorrichtung (in der Zeichnung nicht näher dargestellt) werden diese Schaumkunststoffe (9) von der Suspensionsoberfläche durch einen Luftstrom abgetrennt und weggeführt. On the surface of the suspension formed in this way, a floating material layer of specifically light substances is formed in the stirred tank, which consists in particular of very light foam plastics. By means of a suction opening arranged above the suspension surface of a suction device (not shown in the drawing), these foamed plastics ( 9 ) are separated from the suspension surface by an air stream and carried away.
Nach der Abtrennung der Schaumkunststoffe wird die Suspension einer mehrstufigen Sortierung in Zentrifugen zugeführt. In diesen Zentrifugen fin det eine Schwimm-Sink-Scheidung statt, wobei als Trennflüssigkeit eine Flüssigkeit mit einer Dichte gewählt wird, deren Wert zwischen den Dich ten der zu trennenden Stoffe liegt. Infolge der hohen Zentrifugalkräfte, die bei der Drehung der Zentrifuge entstehen, findet eine effektive Trennung in ein Schwimmgut und in ein Sinkgut statt. Die getrennten Stoffe werden durch gleichfalls rotierende Transportschnecken erfaßt und zu verschie denen Austragsöffnungen der Zentrifuge transportiert. Im dargestellten Anwendungsbeispiel werden beispielsweise in einer ersten Stufe (10) bei einer Dichte der Trennflüssigkeit von 1 g/cm3 als Schwimmgut Polyole fine (11), in einer zweiten Stufe (12) bei einer Dichte der Trennflüssigkeit von 1,1 g/cm3 als Schwimmgut Polystyrole (13) und in einer dritten Stufe (14) bei einer Dichte der Trennflüssigkeit von 1,2 g/cm3 als Schwimmgut Polyamide (15) abgetrennt. Als Schwergut (17) der letzten Schwimm-Sink-Stufe (14) wird eine aus Papier- und Textilfasern (20), Restkunststoffe (19), Nichteisenmetalle (18), Glas und Steine (21) beste hende Mischung erhalten, die nun durch Herdarbeit auf einen Stoß herd (16) voneinander getrennt werden,.After the foam plastics have been separated, the suspension is passed to a multi-stage sorting in centrifuges. In these centrifuges, a sink-and-swim divide takes place, a liquid with a density being selected as the separation liquid, the value of which lies between the densities of the substances to be separated. As a result of the high centrifugal forces that arise when the centrifuge rotates, there is an effective separation into a float and a sink. The separated substances are captured by rotating screw conveyors and transported to various discharge openings of the centrifuge. In the application example shown, for example, in a first stage ( 10 ) with a density of the separation liquid of 1 g / cm 3 as floating material polyols fine ( 11 ), in a second stage ( 12 ) with a density of the separation liquid of 1.1 g / cm 3 as floating material polystyrene ( 13 ) and in a third stage ( 14 ) at a density of the separation liquid of 1.2 g / cm 3 as floating material polyamide ( 15 ). As a heavy material ( 17 ) of the last swim-sink stage ( 14 ), a mixture consisting of paper and textile fibers ( 20 ), residual plastics ( 19 ), non-ferrous metals ( 18 ), glass and stones ( 21 ) is obtained, which now consists of Stove work can be separated from each other on a bump stove ( 16 ).
Sämtliche Flüssigkeiten, die bei den naßmechanischen Trennungen zur Anwendung kommen, werden nach einer Klärung zu den einzelnen Trenn stufen zurückgeführt. Die entsprechenden Kläreinrichtungen sowie erfor derliche Leitungen sind bekannte Einrichtung und wurden in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellt.All liquids used in wet mechanical separations After clarification, the individual separations are used levels returned. The corresponding clarification facilities and requ Such lines are well-known device and were in the drawing not shown.
Das angeführte Anwendungsbeispiel stellt nur eine von möglichen Zusam menstellungen einzelner Aufbereitungs- und Sortierschritte gemäß der Er findung dar, die der Mengenverteilung der Inhaltsstoffe in den Abfallgemi schen entsprechend angepaßt werden können.The application example given is only one of possible combinations the individual preparation and sorting steps according to the Er invention represents the quantitative distribution of the ingredients in the waste mix can be adjusted accordingly.
Claims (6)
- a) Mindestens einstufiges Vorzerkleinern des vorsortierten Gemi sches, und mindestens einstufige Magnetscheidung zur Abtren nung grober Eisenpartikel.
- b) Abtrennen spezifisch schwerer Stoffe (Glas, Steine, Nichteisen metalle) durch einfache gravimetrische Verfahren, beispielsweise durch unterschiedliche Abwurfparabel bei Abwurf beispielsweise von einem Gurtförderer.
- c) Einrühren des nach b) verbleibenden Gemisches in eine Flüssig keit mit hohem Energieeintrag durch die Rührvorrichtung.
- d) Absaugen vorhandener poröser Kunststoffe (Schaumstoffe) mit einem Luftstrom aus der bei c) sich bildenden Schwimmgut schicht.
- e) Mindestens einstufige Schwimm-Sink-Scheidung in einer Zentri fuge.
- f) Mindestens einstufige Herdsortierung des Schwergutes aus e).
- a) At least one-stage pre-shredding of the pre-sorted mixture, and at least one-stage magnetic separation to separate coarse iron particles.
- b) Separation of specifically heavy substances (glass, stones, non-ferrous metals) by simple gravimetric methods, for example by different discharge parabolas when discharging from a belt conveyor, for example.
- c) stirring the remaining mixture according to b) into a liquid with high energy input through the stirring device.
- d) suctioning off existing porous plastics (foams) with an air stream from the floating material layer forming at c).
- e) At least one-stage swim-sink divorce in a centrifuge.
- f) At least one-stage sorting of the heavy goods from e).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19924228504 DE4228504A1 (en) | 1992-09-01 | 1992-09-01 | Process for sorting pre-sorted mixed wastes - using magnetic and gravity sepn. and flotation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19924228504 DE4228504A1 (en) | 1992-09-01 | 1992-09-01 | Process for sorting pre-sorted mixed wastes - using magnetic and gravity sepn. and flotation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE4228504A1 true DE4228504A1 (en) | 1994-03-03 |
Family
ID=6466560
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19924228504 Withdrawn DE4228504A1 (en) | 1992-09-01 | 1992-09-01 | Process for sorting pre-sorted mixed wastes - using magnetic and gravity sepn. and flotation |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE4228504A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19701669A1 (en) * | 1997-01-18 | 1998-07-23 | Kloeckner Humboldt Wedag | Process and plant for processing plastic-rich waste mixtures |
| WO2002085523A1 (en) * | 2001-04-20 | 2002-10-31 | Rastof Og Genanvendelse Seslkabet Af 1990 A/S | A method and an apparatus for separating waste material |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2280492A1 (en) * | 1974-07-31 | 1976-02-27 | Emery Guy | PROCESS AND INSTALLATION FOR RECOVERING MIXED PLASTIC MATERIALS, FROM ALL SOURCES |
| DE2555093A1 (en) * | 1974-12-12 | 1976-06-16 | Stamicarbon | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE SEPARATION AND RECOVERY OF SUBSTANCES |
| DE2733279A1 (en) * | 1976-07-27 | 1978-02-02 | Vyzk Ustav Papieru Celulozy | PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR THE RECOVERY OF PAPER, METALS AND PLASTICS FROM PACKAGING WASTE |
| DE3027251A1 (en) * | 1980-07-18 | 1982-04-01 | Tyczka GmbH & Co Gesellschaft für Gase Wassertechnik, Engineering, 8192 Geretsried | METHOD FOR RECYCLING PLASTIC PARTS STICKED WITH LABELS |
| DE3512965A1 (en) * | 1985-04-11 | 1986-10-16 | ALUPLAST Aluminium - Plastik Recycling GmbH, 5440 Mayen | Method and device for processing comminuted waste material containing heavy components |
| DE3535633A1 (en) * | 1985-10-05 | 1987-04-09 | Theo Heitkaemper | Process and system for reprocessing plastics waste |
| US4728045A (en) * | 1987-01-12 | 1988-03-01 | Nelmor Co., Inc. | Method for reclaiming bonded, two-resin articles |
| DE3800204A1 (en) * | 1988-01-07 | 1989-07-20 | Reiner Landreh | Method and apparatus for sorting plastic refuse |
| FR2666537A1 (en) * | 1990-09-11 | 1992-03-13 | Otv D | Method and device for the extraction of plastics contained in waste |
| DE4106812A1 (en) * | 1991-03-04 | 1992-09-10 | Akw Apparate Verfahren | Reclaiming size reduced and disintegrated sandwich plastic composites - pref. by cutting and shearing using drum shredder, sepd. by hydrocyclones for high purity single polymer components, wood fibre, metal etc. |
-
1992
- 1992-09-01 DE DE19924228504 patent/DE4228504A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2280492A1 (en) * | 1974-07-31 | 1976-02-27 | Emery Guy | PROCESS AND INSTALLATION FOR RECOVERING MIXED PLASTIC MATERIALS, FROM ALL SOURCES |
| DE2555093A1 (en) * | 1974-12-12 | 1976-06-16 | Stamicarbon | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE SEPARATION AND RECOVERY OF SUBSTANCES |
| DE2733279A1 (en) * | 1976-07-27 | 1978-02-02 | Vyzk Ustav Papieru Celulozy | PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR THE RECOVERY OF PAPER, METALS AND PLASTICS FROM PACKAGING WASTE |
| DE3027251A1 (en) * | 1980-07-18 | 1982-04-01 | Tyczka GmbH & Co Gesellschaft für Gase Wassertechnik, Engineering, 8192 Geretsried | METHOD FOR RECYCLING PLASTIC PARTS STICKED WITH LABELS |
| DE3512965A1 (en) * | 1985-04-11 | 1986-10-16 | ALUPLAST Aluminium - Plastik Recycling GmbH, 5440 Mayen | Method and device for processing comminuted waste material containing heavy components |
| DE3535633A1 (en) * | 1985-10-05 | 1987-04-09 | Theo Heitkaemper | Process and system for reprocessing plastics waste |
| US4728045A (en) * | 1987-01-12 | 1988-03-01 | Nelmor Co., Inc. | Method for reclaiming bonded, two-resin articles |
| DE3800204A1 (en) * | 1988-01-07 | 1989-07-20 | Reiner Landreh | Method and apparatus for sorting plastic refuse |
| FR2666537A1 (en) * | 1990-09-11 | 1992-03-13 | Otv D | Method and device for the extraction of plastics contained in waste |
| DE4106812A1 (en) * | 1991-03-04 | 1992-09-10 | Akw Apparate Verfahren | Reclaiming size reduced and disintegrated sandwich plastic composites - pref. by cutting and shearing using drum shredder, sepd. by hydrocyclones for high purity single polymer components, wood fibre, metal etc. |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19701669A1 (en) * | 1997-01-18 | 1998-07-23 | Kloeckner Humboldt Wedag | Process and plant for processing plastic-rich waste mixtures |
| EP0853978A3 (en) * | 1997-01-18 | 1999-10-06 | KHD Humboldt-Wedag AG | Method and plant for treating mixtures of waste rich in plastics |
| WO2002085523A1 (en) * | 2001-04-20 | 2002-10-31 | Rastof Og Genanvendelse Seslkabet Af 1990 A/S | A method and an apparatus for separating waste material |
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