DE4201116A1 - Ascent monitoring for mines and shafts - involves monitoring roller system with drive chain of tubes by internal optical monitoring of tubes - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves monitoring a roller system with no disturbing technical devices such as conveyor devices. The roller system consists of a spooling arrangement with motor drive (MA), a drive chain with parallel tubes (PRO), internal monitoring of the tubes, electrical supply and signal cables, guide rails and control contacts (STK1,STK2). The system for internal monitoring of the tubes contains a light source and optical arrangement and a light receiver system contg. an optical arrangement and light detector. USE/ADVANTAGE - For monitoring the ascent of personnel from mines or shafts. The method utilises an extension of a specialised surface/vol./shape detection system.

Description

The invention consists in monitoring the rise of People from large pits or shafts in the above level or rooms, consisting of:

• 1. a monitored roller blind (for monitoring the ascent in places that do not have a disturbing technical device, e.g. B. conveyor included)
• 2. In addition, a detection device with targeted off glare from spatially disruptive technical facilities, e.g. B. Funding agencies
• 3. in addition to a specialized surface / volume / shape Detection.

This ascent monitoring is shown with its components in Figure 1 in an example together with the associated circumstances. This is an underground and water (W) channel (K), the concrete walls (B) of the pit, a climbing ladder (L), a coarse screen (GR) to catch floating debris, one (diagonally) up and down Shovel (Sch) which can be moved downwards for the purpose of being carried along (from the coarse screen) and conveying the floating goods upwards as well as the tipping device (AK) and the conveyor belt (FB) for the transported and further transported floating goods. In addition, Figure 1 shows the monitored roller blind (RJ) with motor drive (MA) and position contacts (STK), the additional detection device (ZDET) and the additional surface / volume / shape detection (UVGDET).

Figure 2 shows the monitored roller blind (RJ) fitted into the pit opening. It consists of a sectional train (GLZ), parallel pipes (PRO), internal monitoring of the pipes (IÜ), electrical supply and signaling cables (KAB), guide rail (FS), position contacts (STK1, STK2, STK3), winding system (AW) and Motor drive (MA).

Figure 3 shows the operation of the additional detection device (ZDET) in the example. According to this, the receptive fields 1 (RF1) arranged in one line (or multiple lines) within the horizontal gap (SP) released (or released) by the above-mentioned roller blind (RJ) detect everyone entering this gap from below / above / diagonally Object (from a certain size) and an internal pre-alarm is set in the evaluation device. However, this is e.g. B. around the upward moving shovel (Sch) for the floating material passing through this gap, a preprogrammed (or learned) analysis of the monitoring receptive fields 2 (RF2) is carried out via an evaluation device with the aim that it is determined within a time window, whether it is the cross-section of the blade (Sch) (an alarm is suppressed) or not (alarm is switched through).

However, if (additionally) other receptive fields 3 (RF3) are also addressed within or outside the above-mentioned time window (ie, in the vicinity of the shovel by a person attached), an alarm is also generated. When the bucket moves downwards, a similar evaluation takes effect. The resulting alarms can also be differentiated according to the type of origin (penetration without a shovel; penetration adjacent with a shovel, etc.).

The beam paths of the light waves in the additional detection (ZDET) and the formation of the receptive fields (RF) can also be seen in Figure 2 and Figure 3. This requires (clocked or modulated) (infrared) light sources (LQ) together with beam optics (STOP) as well as generated light beams (LI) and light receiving optics (LEOP) and light detectors (LID).

Figure 4 explains the mode of operation of surface / volume / shape detection (OVGDET). Here, the micro waves (MW) or ultrasonic waves (US) are generated in a (clocked or modulated) source (Q) and bundled with the aid of a focusing device (FOK) from obliquely above onto the cavity (ie inside) of the blade (Sch) directed. The detection measurements (transit time, intensity and spectrum of the reflected waves) take place within a very short time when the blade has reached a predetermined position K ₁ . The comparatively slow movement of the blade in action does not bother here.

In this way, the size of any cavities in the cavity Outer or compact objects recognized. It is necessary to have several of these microwave links (or ultrasonic links) in series to be arranged, on the one hand, the full length of the shovel (Sch) to cover and on the other hand to ensure good evaluation reliability obtained due to local surface / volume / shape differences zen (caused by those in the blade cavity chen larger or compact objects).

With the help of the above Surface / volume / shape detection (OVGDET) can the existence of larger or compact objects, which is in the cavity of the (upward moving) shovel be recognized. With a suitable choice of the associated off unit of value, e.g. B. Use of a (learnable) artificial neutral network (KNN), can be taken from the measurements of the reflec microwaves (or ultrasound waves) in the show differentiated objects according to type (classic fected) (e.g. in branches, hay, pieces of wood, plastic per, metal container, person).

Figure 4 shows the connection and evaluation of the monitored roller blind, the additional detection and the surface / volume / shape detection.

Claims (19)

The invention consists of monitoring the ascent of people from pits or shafts, characterized in that 1. with the help of a monitored roller blind the ascent to the Bodies being monitored that have no disruptive technical input directions (e.g. conveyor) 2. the roller blind marked according to A1 according to Figure 1 and Figure 2 from a take-up unit (AW) with motor drive (MA) a sectional train (GLZ) parallel tubes (PRO) internal monitoring of the tubes (IÜ), electrical supply and signaling cables (KAB), Guide rail (FS) and position contacts (STK1, STK2, STK3) exists 3. the internal monitoring of the tubes (IÜ) from light transmitters (S; be standing from light source and radiation optics) and light receivers (E; consisting of light receiving optics and light detector) consists 4. With the help of an additional detection device (ZDET) with targeted masking of spatially disruptive devices (e.g. conveying devices), further monitoring of the gap left by the roller blind takes place (see, for example, Figure 1) 5. the additional detection marked according to A4 (ZDET) according to the pictures 1 and 3 from the one-line or multi-line receptive fields F1, RF2 and RF3 exists 6. the receptive fields RF1, RF2 and marked according to AS RF3 ver perpendicular to the drawing plane (see pictures 1 and 3) running clocked or modulated (infrared) light rays exist 7. the light rays marked according to A6 from (infrared) Light sources (LQ) generated, directed via beam optics (STOP) and received via light receiving optics (LEOP) and with the help detected by light detectors (LID) 8. according to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the receptive field RF1 identified according to A6 within the horizontal gap (SP) released (or released) by the roller blind (RJ) detects and penetrates every object from below / above / at an angle (from a certain size) sets an internal pre-alarm in the evaluation unit 9. According to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, using the receptive field of F2 (A5, A6) via the evaluation device, a pre-programmed (or learned) analysis is carried out with the aim of determining within a time window whether the field RF2 continuous object is the cross-section of the ascending or descending swing (Sch) considered here (and that after the pre-alarm (A8) the actual alarm is suppressed) or not (and that here after the pre-alarm (A8) a sharp one Alarm is triggered) 10. According to Figure 3, with the help of the receptive field F3, it is recognized via the evaluation device whether there is an object in the vicinity of an upward moving blade (for example by attaching it to the blade) that also moves upward, and that an alarm is triggered; A distinction is made here between the evaluation device as to whether penetration takes place without a blade or adjacent with a blade 11 concerning with the aid of a surface / volume / gestalts detection (OVGDET) and the evaluation device according to Figure 1 and Figure 4 in the blade objects located. Surface area, volume and shape are analyzed 12. The surface / volume / ge marked according to A11 stalt detectors (OVGDET) are realized by directional Microwave bundle (MW) or ultrasonic wave bundle (US) each by a clocked or modulated source (Q) generated using a focusing device (FOK) bundled from diagonally above onto the cavity (i.e. inside) the shovel (Sch) and after reflection on the Item in the bucket with regard to term, In intensity and spectrum are detected and in the evaluation The detection signals are offset 13. the detection measurements marked according to A12 at previously fixed position of the bucket take place and within take place in a very short time so that the comparable slow movement of the shovel in action here at not bothering 14. The surface / volume / marked according to A11 to A12 Shape detection in the form of several arranged in parallel Microwave or ultrasonic wave paths are formed, so that on the one hand the full length of the shovel (Sch) is covered and, on the other hand, receive good evaluation reliability (due to the local surface / volume / shape differences between the real ones in the blade cavity larger or compact objects)   15. Using the surfaces described in A11 to A14 / Volume / shape detection (OVGDET) the existence of larger or compact objects that are in the cavity of the (moving upward) shovel, using a suitable evaluation unit (e.g. artificial neural network (KNN)) can be recognized and sorted by type (e.g. branches, hay, pieces of wood, Plastic body, metal container, person) can be 16. The monitored roller blind (RJ; see A1 to A3), the additional detection (ZDET; see A4 to A10) and the surface / volume shape detection (OVGDET) (see A11 to A15) are according to Figure 4 in interconnected in such a way that the roller blind (RJ) triggers a sharp alarm A1 when its integrity is violated via its evaluation unit (module 1), but the additional detection (ZDET) triggers an authorized sharp alarm A2 via a pre-alarm via its pre-alarm and the surface / volume / shape detection (OVGDET) via its evaluation unit (module 3) carries out an analysis with regard to the presence and type of objects located inside the blade (and specifically when the blade is in a predetermined position) drives through) 17. due to the by the surface / volume / shape detec tion recognized and classified by type (in the show objects) a defined alarm A3 (e.g. when recognizing a large object in the Blade) from the associated evaluation unit (module 3) is triggered 18. Module 1 is electronics, module 2 is either electronics Electronics or an artificial neural network (KNN) as well as module 3 consisting of electronics and an artificial one neural network (KNN) exists.