DE4110329A1 - Dense, elastically bonded high temp. ceramic material - mfd. by calcining mullite, starch and/or cellulose@ fibres at 1600 deg. celsius in air - Google Patents
Dense, elastically bonded high temp. ceramic material - mfd. by calcining mullite, starch and/or cellulose@ fibres at 1600 deg. celsius in airInfo
- Publication number
- DE4110329A1 DE4110329A1 DE19914110329 DE4110329A DE4110329A1 DE 4110329 A1 DE4110329 A1 DE 4110329A1 DE 19914110329 DE19914110329 DE 19914110329 DE 4110329 A DE4110329 A DE 4110329A DE 4110329 A1 DE4110329 A1 DE 4110329A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- air
- mfd
- mullite
- dense
- cellulose
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 title claims description 3
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 title abstract 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 title description 4
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 title description 4
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 title description 4
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000015842 Hesperis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000012633 Iberis amara Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000317 environmental toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
- C04B35/636—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
- C04B35/6365—Cellulose or derivatives thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D29/00—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof
- B62D29/04—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof predominantly of synthetic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/16—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay
- C04B35/18—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay rich in aluminium oxide
- C04B35/185—Mullite 3Al2O3-2SiO2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
- C04B35/636—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/12—Blades
- F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
- F01D5/284—Selection of ceramic materials
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases
- F02F7/0085—Materials for constructing engines or their parts
- F02F7/0087—Ceramic materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
- F05D2300/60—Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
- F05D2300/614—Fibres or filaments
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung stellt einen dichten keramischen Hochtemperatur- Werkstoff bereit, der im betrieblichen Einsatz beim Erhitzen und Abkühlen sein Volumen und seine Form nicht ändert.The invention provides a dense high temperature ceramic Material ready for use in heating and Cooling does not change its volume and shape.
Dichte keramische Bauteile werden unter anderem zur Herstellung von monolithischen Turbinenrändern eingesetzt. Hierzu wird zum Beispiel für PKW-Gasturbinen heißgepreßtes Siliciumnitrid verwandt. Dieses Material hat hohe Festigkeit und Härte, erfordert aber Zusätze von Sinterhilfsmitteln, welche die Eigenschaften drastisch verschlechtern. Daher entstehen bei der hohen Drehzahl der Schaufelräder leicht Risse, welche die Haltbarkeit herabsetzen.Dense ceramic components are used, among other things, for manufacturing used by monolithic turbine edges. For this purpose, the Example of car gas turbines hot-pressed silicon nitride related. This material has high strength and hardness, but requires additions of sintering aids, which the Properties deteriorate drastically. Therefore arise at the high speed of the paddle wheels easily cracks the Reduce durability.
Um bessere Haltbarkeiten zu erzielen, wird vorgeschlagen, die Schaufelräder aus dem nachstehend beschriebenen Werkstoff nach der Erfindung herzustellen. Dieser soll hochelastisch sein und im betrieblichen Einsatz weder beim Erhitzen, noch beim Abkühlen sein Volumen und seine Form ändern, so daß der Eindruck ent steht, er hätte keine thermische Ausdehnung.To achieve better durability, it is suggested that Bucket wheels made of the material described below to manufacture the invention. This should be highly elastic and in operational use neither when heating nor when cooling change its volume and shape, so that the impression ent stands, he had no thermal expansion.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird Mullit 3 Al2O3 · 2 SiO2 zusammen mit Kartoffelstärke, beide Komponenten in gleicher Korngröße zwischen 0,01 und 0,10 mm unter hohem Druck trockengepreßt. Anstelle von Stärke können auch Zellulosefasern eingesetzt werden, die wegen ihrer größeren Längen die Mullitteilchen miteinander verbinden und das Werkstoffgefüge verfestigen. Die Rohlinge werden bei 1600°C unter Luftzufuhr gebrannt. Dabei gehen die Stärke oder die Zellulosefasern in einen hochelasti schen Dextrin über, der auch als Stärkegummi bezeichnet wird und fest an den Oberflächen der Mullitteilchen klebt.To solve this problem, mullite 3 Al 2 O 3 .2 SiO 2 is pressed together with potato starch, both components in the same grain size between 0.01 and 0.10 mm, under high pressure. Instead of starch, cellulose fibers can also be used, which because of their longer lengths connect the mullite particles to one another and strengthen the material structure. The blanks are fired at 1600 ° C with air supply. The starch or cellulose fibers pass into a highly elastic dextrin, which is also known as starch gum and sticks firmly to the surfaces of the mullite particles.
Wird dieser Werkstoff beispielsweise bei 1350°C in eine Gastur bine eingesetzt, dehnen sich die Mullitteilchen geringfügig thermisch aus und pressen dabei den sie umgebenden Dextrin elastisch zusammen. Bei der folgenden Abkühlung wird der Dextrin wieder entlastet, ohne daß der Werkstoff als Ganzes an diesem Prozeß teilnimmt.For example, this material is used in a gas at 1350 ° C When inserted, the mullite particles expand slightly thermally and press the surrounding dextrin elastic together. The following cooling will make the dextrin relieved again without the material as a whole on it Process participates.
Der Werkstoff nach der Erfindung eignet sich auch zum Einsatz in anderen Motorteilen. Da er keine Metalle enthält, benötigt der Motor keine oder nur geringe Kühlung, so daß der Kraftstoff verbrauch geringer wird. Auch an anderen Motorteilen wird der neue Werkstoff bessere Haltbarkeiten ergeben, als die zur Zeit eingesetzten Keramiken. Weiterhin eignet er sich für Flugzeug motoren und für Weltraumraketen, weil bei der Rückkehr in die Atmosphäre keine Überhitzung zu befürchten ist.The material according to the invention is also suitable for use in other engine parts. Since it contains no metals, it needs Engine no or little cooling, so the fuel consumption becomes lower. It is also used on other engine parts new material gives better durability than that at the moment used ceramics. It is also suitable for aircraft engines and for space rockets because when they return to the Atmosphere there is no fear of overheating.
Bauteile für die Karosserie und Fahrwerksteile für Automobile können aus Hochtemperaturkeramiken hergestellt werden, die außer Mullitteilchen langfasrige Zellulose, Borsäure B2O3 und Eisenoxid Fe2O3 enthalten. Sie werden unter hohem Druck trockengepreßt und wie die oben beschriebenen Werkstoffe unter Luftzufuhr bei 1600°C gesintert. Dabei werden die Mullitteilchen in eine zähe, gummiartige Schmelze eingebettet und durch die Zellulosefasern zu einem bei Lufttemperatur festen Werkstoff mit guter Kaltver formbarkeit verbunden. Da die Werkstoffe gegen Witterungsein flüsse und Umweltgifte unempfindlich sind, benötigen sie keinen Korrosionsschutz.Components for the body and chassis parts for automobiles can be produced from high-temperature ceramics which, in addition to mullite particles, contain long-fiber cellulose, boric acid B 2 O 3 and iron oxide Fe 2 O 3 . They are pressed dry under high pressure and, like the materials described above, sintered with air supply at 1600 ° C. The mullite particles are embedded in a tough, rubber-like melt and bonded by the cellulose fibers to a material that is solid at air temperature and has good cold formability. Since the materials are insensitive to weather influences and environmental toxins, they do not need corrosion protection.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19914110329 DE4110329A1 (en) | 1991-03-28 | 1991-03-28 | Dense, elastically bonded high temp. ceramic material - mfd. by calcining mullite, starch and/or cellulose@ fibres at 1600 deg. celsius in air |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19914110329 DE4110329A1 (en) | 1991-03-28 | 1991-03-28 | Dense, elastically bonded high temp. ceramic material - mfd. by calcining mullite, starch and/or cellulose@ fibres at 1600 deg. celsius in air |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE4110329A1 true DE4110329A1 (en) | 1992-10-01 |
Family
ID=6428483
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19914110329 Withdrawn DE4110329A1 (en) | 1991-03-28 | 1991-03-28 | Dense, elastically bonded high temp. ceramic material - mfd. by calcining mullite, starch and/or cellulose@ fibres at 1600 deg. celsius in air |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE4110329A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2005102959A1 (en) * | 2004-04-21 | 2005-11-03 | Dow Global Technologies Inc. | Method for increasing the strength of porous ceramic bodies and bodies made therefrom |
| CN102010181A (en) * | 2010-09-27 | 2011-04-13 | 景德镇陶瓷学院 | Building ceramic dry-press power formed high-intensity body and preparation method thereof |
-
1991
- 1991-03-28 DE DE19914110329 patent/DE4110329A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2005102959A1 (en) * | 2004-04-21 | 2005-11-03 | Dow Global Technologies Inc. | Method for increasing the strength of porous ceramic bodies and bodies made therefrom |
| US7381681B2 (en) | 2004-04-21 | 2008-06-03 | Dow Global Technologies Inc. | Method for increasing the strength of porous ceramic bodies and bodies made therefrom |
| US7381680B2 (en) | 2004-04-21 | 2008-06-03 | Dow Global Technologies Inc. | Method for increasing the strength of porous ceramic bodies and bodies made therefrom |
| CN100564316C (en) * | 2004-04-21 | 2009-12-02 | 陶氏环球技术公司 | Method of enhancing the strength of a porous ceramic body and ceramic bodies formed therefrom |
| CN102010181A (en) * | 2010-09-27 | 2011-04-13 | 景德镇陶瓷学院 | Building ceramic dry-press power formed high-intensity body and preparation method thereof |
| CN102010181B (en) * | 2010-09-27 | 2013-02-20 | 景德镇陶瓷学院 | Building ceramic dry-press power formed high-intensity body and preparation method thereof |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8139 | Disposal/non-payment of the annual fee |