DE4007755A1 - FOAMING SURFACE PREPARATIONS - Google Patents

Abstract

Aqueous tenside preparations with excellent foaming qualities contain a synergistic combination of (A) an alkylglycoside of formula R1-(G)x, where R1 is a linear alkyl group with 8 to 22 C atoms and (G)1 is a glycoside or oligoside unit with a degree of oligomerization x = 1 to 4 and (B) at least one anionic co-tenside from the group consisting of oleic acid sulphonates (B1), C16-C22 alkyl or alkylpolyoxyethylhydroxysulphonates (B2) or hydroxy mixed ethersulphates (B3) of general formula (I). These tenside preparations contain preferably 1 - 50 wt.% of the tenside combination and are particularly suitable for manufacturing washing and cleaning agents, in particular for personal hygiene.

Description

The invention relates to aqueous surfactant preparations with a Content of alkyl glycosides and anionic co-surfactants, the one have particularly pronounced foaming behavior.

Foaming is suitable for many applications of aqueous surfactant preparations are a very important quality feature. In particular, should liquid washing and cleaning agents for manual use and for body cleansing a pronounced voluminous, fine blistered and against dirt and grease contamination of the washing solution as well as foam resistant to water hardness.

Alkyl glycosides are only moderately foaming surfactants. Even among the Numerous anionic surfactants can be found in water Preparations only show an unsatisfactory foaming gen. It was therefore surprising that combinations of alkylglyco and an anionic surfactant with little foaming is a foam development that is higher than that of the individual components.

Foaming surfactant compositions have already been disclosed in EP 70 074 A2 Containing alkylglycosides and co-surfactants of the type Sulfate, sulfonate or carboxylate surfactants are known. As co-surfactants there are only the already strongly foaming alkylbenzenesul fonates, soaps, alkyl and olefin sulfonates, alkyl sulfates and alkyl polyglycol ether sulfates disclosed. Combinations are in EP 2 80 143 from alkyl glycosides and di-alkyl sulfosuccinates described, the is characterized by a high foam stability under fat load nen.

It has now been found that by combining alkyl glycosides Look very good even with relatively weakly foaming anionic surfactants Mende aqueous surfactant preparations can be obtained.

The invention relates to foaming aqueous surfactant preparations containing alkyl glycosides and anionic co-tenides, which are a combination of (A) an alkyl glycoside of the formula R ¹ (G) _x , in which R ^{1 is} a linear alkyl group with 8-22 C. -Atoms and (G) _{x is} a glycoside or oligoglycoside residue with a degree of oligomerization x = 1-4 and (B) at least one anionic cosurfactant from the group of oleic acid sulfonates (B1), the C ₁₆ -C ₂₂ alkyl- or alkyl polyoxyethyl hydroxysulfonates (B2) or the hydroxy mixed ether sulfates (B3) of the general formula R ² -CH- (OSO ₃ M) -CHR ³ - (OC _n H _2n ) _x -OR ⁴ , in which R ² and R ^{3 are} hydrogen or linear alkyl groups with 1-16 C atoms, but together (R ² + R ³ ) have at least 6 C atoms, R ^{4 is} a saturated alkyl group with 1-22 C atoms, M is an alkali metal, Is ammonium, mono-, di- or trialkanolammonium ion with 2-4 C atoms in the alkanol group or a magnesium ion, n = 2 or 3 and x = 0 or 1-12.

Alkyl glycosides have long been known surfactants, those made from sugars and aliphatic, primary alcohols with 8-22 carbon atoms are accessible under acetalization. As sugar components Ten (glycoses) prefer glucose, but also Fruc tose, mammose, galactose, talose, gulose, allose, old rose, idose, Arabinose, xylose, lyxose, ribose, and mixtures thereof.

Preferred because of the easy accessibility and the good application properties are the acetalization products of glucose with fatty alcohols which, for. B. from natural fats and oils can be obtained by known processes, in particular with linear, primary, saturated and unsaturated alcohols having 8-22 carbon atoms. Alkyl glycosides, their preparation and their use as surface-active substances are known, for example, from US-A-38 39 318, US-A-37 07 535, US-A-35 47 828, DE-A-19 43 689, DE-A-20 36 472, DE-A-30 01 064 and EP-A-77 167 are known. Regarding the glycoside residue (G) _x , both monoglycosides (x = 1) in which a sugar residue is glycosidically linked to the fatty alcohol and oligomeric glycosides with a degree of oligomerization x of 2-4 are suitable. As a rule, mixtures of mono- and oligo glycosides are present. Alkyl glycosides R ¹ - (G) _x in which R ^{1 is} an alkyl group with 12-16 C atoms and (G) _{x are} the rest of a mixture of glucoside and oligoglucoside with an average degree of oligomerization of 1-15 are particularly suitable.

Oleic acid sulfonates (B1) are made by implementing technical oil acid fractions with gaseous sulfur trioxide, e.g. B. after method described in GB-C-12 78 421. A verbes Process for the continuous sulfonation of technical Oleic acid is in the German patent application P 29 36 344 be wrote. The sulfonates are neutralized with aqueous Bases in the alkali, ammonium, mono-, di- or trialkanolammo nium salts or converted into the magnesium salt.

According to DE 37 25 030 A1, C ₁₂ -C ₂₂ alkyl and alkyl polyoxyethyl hydroxysulfonates (B2) are made from technical oleyl alcohol or from unsaturated fatty alcohol fractions consisting predominantly of oleyl, palmit oleyl, linoleyl, gadoleyl and / or Erucyl alcohol exist or their ethylene oxide addition products are produced by esterification with C ₂ -C ₅ carboxylic acids and sulfonation with sulfur trioxide. Another method of manufacture is given in DE 33 31 513. Thereafter, lower alkyl ethers of oleyl alcohol or unsaturated C ₁₆ -C ₂₂ fatty alcohol fractions or of their ethylene oxide addition products are sulfonated with sulfur trioxide. The sulfonation products are neutralized with aqueous bases, e.g. B. with alkali hydroxide, converted into the salts.

Hydroxy mixed ether sulfates (B3) of the general formula R ² -CH (OSO ₃ M) -CHR ³ - (OC _n H _2n ) _x -OR ⁴ are obtained by a process specified in German patent application DE 37 23 354 A1 by reaction of olefin epoxides formula

with alkoxylates of the formula R ⁴ -O- (C _n H _2n O) _x -H, where R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , n and x have the meaning given above, to give hydroxyalkyl polyglycol ethers of the formula R ² -CH (OH ) -CHR ³ - (OC _n H _2n ) _x -OR ⁴ and sulfation of these compounds with z. B. chlorosulfonic acid or gaseous sulfur trioxide. The sulfuric acid half esters obtained are with aqueous bases, for. B. with aqueous solutions of alkali metal hydroxides, ammonia, mono-, di- or trialkanolamines with 2-4 C atoms in the alkanol group, neutralized and in this way converted into the salts.

The co-surfactants (B) mentioned are relatively weakly foaming surface-active substances. Nevertheless, blends with alkyl glycosides a satisfactory foaming behavior, which the Foaming power of the individual components exceeds.

Preferred surfactant preparations according to the invention are those in which the alkyl glycosides (A) and the anionic co-surfactant (B) in one Quantity ratio of (A): (B) = 1: 9 to 9: 1 and in one Ge total concentration of (A) + (B) = 1 to 50 wt .-% are included. Surfactant preparations according to the invention are particularly preferred, in which the combination of alkyl glycoside and co-surfactant in one Total amount (A + B) of 1-20 wt .-% is included. The co-surfactant (B) is preferably in the form of an alkali salt or a magnesium contain salt. Among the alkali salts are the sodium salts highly recommended. This is shown by the co-surfactants mentioned  Oleic acid sulfonate (B1) has the clearest synergistic effect in the surfactant preparations according to the invention.

The foaming surfactant preparations of the present invention are suitable for numerous applications in technology and in the home stop where there are good washing and wetting properties on high Foam performance and good foam stability are important, e.g. B. as fine detergent, manual dishwashing detergent, as a liquid body detergent, foam and shower bath preparation, hair shampoo, as a textile and carpet foam cleaner, for foaming gypsum and cement moldings, for foaming latex dispersions, for the production of foams for fire fighting, for dust control, for borehole treatment, foam flotation and other tech African foams.

The surfactant accessories according to the invention are particularly preferred riding for the production of liquid washing and cleaning medium, especially for body cleaning.

It is clear that the surfactant preparations according to the invention are further Components can contain to make them for the aforementioned applications to optimize conditions. So z. B. Preparations for the body cleaning further, moisturizing, skin-softening or hair care de additives and fragrances. In compositions with low total surfactant content is often lacking for a comfortable fit Application and distribution of the products on the skin or hair required viscosity. It has been shown that the fiction preparations according to the content of alkyl glycoside have a noticeably higher viscosity. This can then by adding water-soluble salts, e.g. B. of chlorides or Raise the sulfates of sodium, potassium or magnesium even further. This property is not itself with the co-surfactants mentioned  pronounced, so that this increase in thickenability of the Co-surfactants (B) to be used according to the invention by combination with alkyl glycosides (A) to the unexpected advantageous Eigen belong to the surfactant preparations according to the invention.

The following examples are intended to illustrate the subject matter of the invention explain without restricting yourself to this:

Examples 1. Foaming behavior of surfactant preparations according to the invention

• 1.1 Measurement method: determination of whipped foam
• A foam determination was carried out analogously to the blow foam determination method according to DIN 53902. In a 1 liter measuring cylinder, 340 ml of a 2% surfactant solution (2% by weight of active substance in tap water of 18 ° i.e. at 20 ° C) were made through 10 strokes of approx. 13 cm stroke length with a perforated plate with 1 -mm holes foamed at a stroke rate of 50 per minute. The amount of foam was given as the relative amount of foam compared to a standard solution with a high foaming effect which was also foamed in each test series. The standard solution is a 2% strength solution of a surfactant mixture, containing 1.25% by weight of a fatty alcohol C _12/14 diglycol ether sulfate, Na salt, 0.35% by weight of a coconut acylaminopropyl dimethylglycinate and 0. 4% by weight lauric acid diethanolamide. The foam quantity of this surfactant mixture was 235 ml after 1 minute standing time, 205 ml after 3 minutes standing time and 185 ml after 5 minutes standing time. These foam quantities were set to 100% and the foam quantities of the test mixtures were given in% of these values.
• 1.2 Test substances
  (APG) alkyl (C _12/14 ) oligoglucoside, average degree of oligomerization: 1.4;
  (OSSN) oleic acid sulfonate di-sodium salt (produced according to DE 39 26 344 A1 from technical oleic acid from olive oil);
  (OPHS) oleyl polyoxyethyl (10 EO) hydroxysulfonate, Na salts (according to DE 37 25 030), Example 4.2;
  (HMES) hydroxy mixed ether sulfate, Na salt (according to DE 37 23 354) of the formula

All test substances were dissolved in water and on a surfactant content of 2% by weight. For measuring the foaming behavior the test substance solutions were given in the table Mixing ratio mixed.

Claims (8)

1. Foaming aqueous surfactant preparations containing alkyl glycosides and anionic cosurfactants, characterized in that they are a combination of

• A) an alkyl glycoside of the formula R ¹ - (G) _x , in which R ^{1 is} a linear alkyl group with 8-22 carbon atoms and (G) _{x is} a glycoside or oligoglycoside residue with a degree of oligomerization x = 1-4
• B) at least one anionic co-surfactant from the group of
  • - oleic acid sulfonates (B1), the
  • - C ₁₆ -C ₂₂ alkyl or alkyl polyoxyethyl hydroxysulfonates (B2) or
  • - Hydroxy mixed ether sulfates (B3) of the general formula R ² -CH (OSO ₃ M) -CHR ³ - (OC _n H _2n ) _x -OR ⁴ , wherein, R ² and R ³ are hydrogen or linear alkyl groups with 1-16 Are C atoms, but together (R ² + R ³ ) have at least 6 C atoms, R ^{4 is} a saturated alkyl group with 1-22 C atoms, M is an alkali metal, ammonium, mono-, di- or trialkanolammonium ion with 2 Is -4 carbon atoms in the alkanol group or a magnesium ion, n = 2 or 3 and x = 0 or 1-12,

contain. 2. surfactant preparations according to claim 1, characterized in that that the alkyl glycosides (A) and the anionic cosurfactants (B) in a ratio of (A): (B) = 1: 9 to 9: 1 and contained in a total amount of (A) + (B) = 1-50 wt .-% are. 3. surfactant preparations according to claim 1 or 2, characterized indicates that the combination of alkyl glycoside (A) and co- Surfactant (B) is contained in a total amount of 1-20% by weight.   4. Surfactant preparation according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in the alkyl glycoside (A) R ^{1 is} an alkyl group with 12-16 carbon atoms and (G) _x the rest of a glucoside and oligoglucoside mixture with a medium Degree of oligomerization is 1-1.5. 5. surfactant preparations according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized characterized in that the co-surfactant (B) in the form of an alkali salt or magnesium salt is included. 6. surfactant preparation according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized characterized in that as co-surfactant (B) an oleic acid sulfonate (B1) is included. 7. Use of foaming surfactant preparations according to one of the Claims 1 to 5 for the production of liquid washing and cleaning agents agents, in particular for body cleaning.