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DE4002843C1 - Protective breathing mask with filter - having gas sensors in-front and behind with difference in their signals providing signal for change of filter - Google Patents

Protective breathing mask with filter - having gas sensors in-front and behind with difference in their signals providing signal for change of filter

Info

Publication number
DE4002843C1
DE4002843C1 DE19904002843 DE4002843A DE4002843C1 DE 4002843 C1 DE4002843 C1 DE 4002843C1 DE 19904002843 DE19904002843 DE 19904002843 DE 4002843 A DE4002843 A DE 4002843A DE 4002843 C1 DE4002843 C1 DE 4002843C1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
filter
difference
breathing mask
change
gas sensors
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
DE19904002843
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Hans Joerg 4600 Dortmund De Huebner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GESELLSCHAFT fur GERAETEBAU MBH 4600 DORTMUND DE
Original Assignee
GESELLSCHAFT fur GERAETEBAU MBH 4600 DORTMUND DE
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Application filed by GESELLSCHAFT fur GERAETEBAU MBH 4600 DORTMUND DE filed Critical GESELLSCHAFT fur GERAETEBAU MBH 4600 DORTMUND DE
Priority to DE19904002843 priority Critical patent/DE4002843C1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE4002843C1 publication Critical patent/DE4002843C1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62BDEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B18/00Breathing masks or helmets, e.g. affording protection against chemical agents or for use at high altitudes or incorporating a pump or compressor for reducing the inhalation effort
    • A62B18/08Component parts for gas-masks or gas-helmets, e.g. windows, straps, speech transmitters, signal-devices
    • A62B18/088Devices for indicating filter saturation
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/0004Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
    • G01N33/0009General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
    • G01N33/0027General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector
    • G01N33/0031General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector comprising two or more sensors, e.g. a sensor array
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08BSIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/02Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
    • G08B21/12Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to undesired emission of substances, e.g. pollution alarms
    • G08B21/14Toxic gas alarms

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)

Abstract

The protective breathing mask uses a replaceable filter in the air intake path. Gas sensors are positioned on either side of the filter. The difference between the current or voltage signals provided by the sensors is used to provide a signal for indicating the required filter replacement. Pref. the gas sensors respond to a number of gases and are used with a wide band filter. The measured difference between the sensor signals is fed via an amplifier to a A/D converter which can be used to control a display or anoptical or acoustic alarm when a given difference value is exceeded. USE - Breathing mask used in toxic or radioactive environment.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Atemschutzmaske mit Filter in der Ansaug­ leitung, insbesondere Atemschutzmaske mit elektrisch betriebenem Belüftungsgerät, das Umgebungsluft ansaugt und in die Atemschutzmaske drückt, wobei der Filter vor dem Belüftungsgerät und hinter dem Filter ein Gassensor angeordnet ist, wobei der Gassensor in Berührung mit dem Gas seinen elektrischen Widerstand oder seine Span­ nung oder seine Kapazität ändert und die durch den Sensor erzeugte oder beeinflußte Spannung und/oder Stromstärke als Signal für einen Fil­ terwechsel verwendet wird.The invention relates to a respirator with a filter in the intake line, especially a respirator with an electrically operated Ventilation device that draws in ambient air and into the breathing mask presses, with the filter in front of the ventilation unit and a gas sensor is arranged behind the filter, the gas sensor in Contact with the gas its electrical resistance or its span voltage or its capacity changes and that generated by the sensor or influenced voltage and / or current as a signal for a fil change is used.

Atemschutzmasken finden z. B. bei der Brandbekämpfung oder beim Ein­ satz in toxisch oder mit radioaktiven Aerosolen verseuchten Räumen Verwendung. Der Einsatz von Atemschutzmaske ist in Krisenfällen ganz besonders groß. Dann dient die Atemschutzmaske der Reinigung der Atemluft von biologischen oder chemischen Kampfmitteln. Die Reinigung erfolgt über Filter, wobei in erster Linie Aktivkohlefilter Verwendung finden.Find respirators. B. in fire fighting or when A in rooms that are toxic or contaminated with radioactive aerosols Use. The use of a respirator is complete in the event of a crisis extraordinary big. Then the breathing mask is used to clean the Breathing air from biological or chemical weapons. The cleaning takes place via filters, primarily activated carbon filters Find.

Alle bekannten Filter haben eine begrenzte Betriebszeit. Deshalb müssen die Filter nach Erreichen einer bestimmten Betriebsdauer ausge­ wechselt werden. Diese Betriebsdauer ist so gewählt, daß der Filter zum Zeitpunkt der Auswechslung noch ausreichende Filterfunktion besitzt.All known filters have a limited operating time. That's why the filters must be switched off after a certain operating time be changed. This operating time is chosen so that the filter sufficient filter function at the time of replacement owns.

Problematisch ist die Einhaltung der vorgesehenen Auswechslungszeit. Außerdem ist es unwirtschaftlich, wenn der Filter unabhängig von seiner Beladung nach Erreichen einer bestimmten Betriebsdauer ausge­ wechselt wird. Deshalb soll ein Filterwechsel erst nach Erreichen einer bestimmten Filterbeladung durchgeführt werden, ohne dabei die Sicherheit des Benutzers zu beeinträchtigen. Nach der DE-OS 38 18 052 wird das mit Hilfe eines Gassensors erreicht, der hinter dem Filter angeordnet ist, wobei der Gassensor in Berührung mit dem Gas seinen elektrischen Widerstand oder seine Spannung oder seine Kapazität ändert. Der Gassensor wird so eingestellt, daß der für den Benutzer der Atemschutzmaske schädliche Gasgehalt in der Atemluftströmung hinter dem Filter sofort angezeigt wird. Vorzugsweise soll der Gas­ sensor bereits in Funktion treten, wenn der Schadgasgehalt sich der Zulässigkeitsgrenze nähert.Compliance with the scheduled replacement time is problematic. It is also uneconomical if the filter is independent of its loading after a certain operating time is changed. Therefore, a filter change should only be done after it has been reached a certain filter load can be carried out without the To compromise user safety. According to DE-OS 38 18 052 this is achieved with the help of a gas sensor, which is behind the filter is arranged, the gas sensor being in contact with the gas electrical resistance or its voltage or its capacity  changes. The gas sensor is set so that it is for the user harmful gas content in the respiratory air flow is immediately displayed behind the filter. The gas should preferably sensor already function when the harmful gas content changes Approach limit approaching.

Es hat sich gezeigt, daß die Zuverlässigkeit dieser Filterwechselan­ zeige von der Zuverlässigkeit bzw. Funktionsfähigkeit des Gassensors abhängt. Aufgabe der Erfindung ist, in diesem Bereich Fehler zu elimi­ nieren. Nach der Erfindung wird das dadurch erreicht,It has been shown that the reliability of these filter changes show the reliability or functionality of the gas sensor depends. The object of the invention is to eliminate errors in this area kidneys. According to the invention this is achieved

  • - daß vor dem Filter ein Gassensor angeordnet ist,- that a gas sensor is arranged in front of the filter,
  • - daß ohne Filtereinsatz unter Beaufschlagung mit dem zu filternden Medium und nach dem Einsatz des Filters fortlaufend unter Beauf­ schlagung mit dem zu filternden Medium die Differenz der durch die Sensoren erzeugten bzw. beeinflußten Spannungen und/oder Ströme gebildet werden und- That without filter insert under the action of the filter Medium and continuously after using the filter under Beauf impact with the medium to be filtered is the difference between the Sensors generated or influenced voltages and / or currents be formed and
  • - daß die fortlaufend ermittele Differenz als Signal für einen Filterwech­ sel verwendet wird.- that the continuously determined difference as a signal for a filter change sel is used.

Mit dieser Meßanordnung lassen sich Ungenauigkeiten beim Messen nahezu ausschließen. Die Ungenauigkeiten können sowohl dadurch verursacht sein, daß die Sensoren nicht genau auf das zu filternde Medium kali­ briert worden sind, als auch dadurch, daß die Sensoren aufgrund Ände­ rungen der Beschaffenheit des zu filternden Mediums und aufgrund von Änderungen des Feuchtigkeitsgehaltes oder dergleichen anders auf das zu filternde Medium ansprechen.With this measuring arrangement, inaccuracies in measurement can be almost avoided exclude. The inaccuracies can both be caused by this be that the sensors are not exactly calibrated to the medium to be filtered have been burned, as well as the fact that the sensors due to changes the nature of the medium to be filtered and due to Changes in moisture content or the like are different to that address medium to be filtered.

Wahlweise wird die erfindungsgemäße Signalgebung auch mit der aus der DE-OS 38 18 052 bekannten Signalgebung kombiniert. Das geschieht dann in der Weise, daß die von dem hinter dem Filter angeordneten Gassensor erzeugte oder beeinflußte Spannung und/oder Stromstärke sowohl in die erfindungsgemäße Differenzbildung gegeben als auch mit einem absoluten Wert verglichen wird. Das Filtersignal spricht dann sowohl bei Eintreten einer bestimmten Spannungs- und/oder Stromstärkendifferenz als auch bei Erreichen eines bestimmten Einzelspannungs- und/oder Stromstärken­ wertes an.Optionally, the signaling according to the invention is also carried out with that from the DE-OS 38 18 052 known signaling combined. Then that happens in such a way that the gas sensor arranged behind the filter generated or influenced voltage and / or current both in the  given difference formation according to the invention as well as with an absolute Value is compared. The filter signal then speaks both when one occurs certain voltage and / or current difference as well Reaching a certain single voltage and / or current strengths worth.

Im übrigen ist von Vorteil, breitbandige Sensoren zu verwenden. Breit­ bandige Sensoren messen eine Vielzahl von Gasen. Durch die Wahl des Filters wird dann ein bestimmter Bereich aus dem Meßband ausgeblendet. Ein Abgleich auf die einzelnen Filter bzw. die ausgeblendeten Meßbe­ reiche ist nicht erforderlich, da über den Filter jeweils Differenzen erzeugt werden. Ein Durchschlagen des Filters oder Nachlassen wird als Abnahme der Differenz gemessen und gewarnt bzw. geregelt.It is also advantageous to use broadband sensors. Wide banded sensors measure a variety of gases. By choosing the A certain area of the filter is then hidden from the measuring tape. A comparison to the individual filters or the hidden measurement areas rich is not necessary, as there are differences across the filter be generated. Penetration of the filter or weakening is considered Decrease in the difference measured and warned or regulated.

In der Zeichnung sind verschiedene Ausführungsbeispiele dargestellt.Various exemplary embodiments are shown in the drawing.

Mit 1 ist ein Belüftungsgerät für eine nicht dargestellte Atemschutz­ maske bezeichnet. Das Belüftungsgerät ist im Betriebsfall über eine flexible Schlauchleitung mit der den Kopf des Benutzers umhüllenden Atemschutzmaske verbunden. Der Schlauchleitungsanschluß ist mit 2 bezeichnet. 1 with a ventilation device for a respirator mask, not shown. During operation, the ventilation device is connected via a flexible hose line to the breathing mask that envelops the user's head. The hose line connection is designated by 2 .

Die Atemschutzmaske besitzt einen Ansaugstutzen 3. In der Zeichnung nach Fig. 1 sind die beiden Stutzen 2 und 3 mit Schraubverschlüssen verschlossen. Zur Verbindung mit der flexiblen Schlauchleitung werden die Verschlüsse abgeschraubt. Ferner wird der Verschluß des Anschluß­ stutzens 3 abgeschraubt. Dort wird ein Filter montiert. Das nicht dargestellte Filter ist z. B. ein Aktivkohlefilter.The respirator mask has an intake port 3 . In the drawing of Fig. 1, the two sockets 2 and 3 are closed with screw caps. To connect to the flexible hose line, the closures are unscrewed. Furthermore, the closure of the connecting piece 3 is unscrewed. A filter is installed there. The filter, not shown, is e.g. B. an activated carbon filter.

Das Belüftungsgerät 1 saugt durch den Filter Umgebungsluft an. Die Umgebungsluft wird im Filter gereinigt.The ventilation device 1 sucks in ambient air through the filter. The ambient air is cleaned in the filter.

Die Ansaugung erfolgt mittels eines Lamellenrades 4, welches im Ge­ häuse des Belüftungsgerätes 1 drehbeweglich gelagert ist und mit einem Motor 5 angetrieben wird. Der Motor 5 ist ein Elektromotor, der durch eine Batterie mit Strom niedriger Spannung versorgt wird, welche im Teil 6 des Belüftungsgerätes 1 angeordnet ist.The suction takes place by means of a lamellar wheel 4 , which is rotatably mounted in the housing Ge of the ventilation device 1 and is driven by a motor 5 . The motor 5 is an electric motor which is supplied with a low-voltage current by a battery which is arranged in part 6 of the ventilation device 1 .

Im Belüftungsgerät 1 befindet sich in Strömungsrichtung des zu fil­ ternden Mediums hinter dem Filter ein Gassensor 7 und vor dem Filter ein Gassensor 7a. Der Gassensor 7 ist über eine Zuleitung 8 mit dem Hohlraum verbunden, in den das Lamellenrad 4 läuft. Der Gassensor 7a bildet eine entsprechende Verbindung zum Ansaugraum vor dem Filter.In the ventilation device 1 there is a gas sensor 7 in the flow direction of the medium to be filtered and a gas sensor 7 a in front of the filter. The gas sensor 7 is connected via a feed line 8 to the cavity into which the lamellar wheel 4 runs. The gas sensor 7 a forms a corresponding connection to the intake chamber in front of the filter.

Mit den beiden Gassensoren 7 und 7a ist eine Elektronik 9 verknüpft.Electronics 9 are linked to the two gas sensors 7 and 7 a.

Fig. 2 zeigt das Zusammenwirken von Elektronik und Sensor in einer schematishen Darstellung. Nach Fig. 2 werden die von beiden Sensoren ausgehenden Signale gegeneinander gemessen, die Differenz an eine Signalverstärkung 9 gegeben. Das verstärkte Signal gelangt in einen Analog/Digitalwandler 10, dessen Ausgang bei Bedarf auf einem Display erscheint. Das Display ist mit 11 bezeichnet. Parallel dazu ist eine Grenzwertüberwachung 12 vorgesehen. Die Grenzwertüberwachung 12 ist gleichfalls an den Signalverstärker 9 angeschlossen und gibt Kontakt für einen optischen oder akustischen Alarm 13, sobald ein zulässiger Wert überschritten wird. Die Grenzwertüberwachung 12 kann auch zur Überwachung der Batteriespannung verwendet werden, die maßgeblich für den Sensorbetrieb ist. Fig. 2 shows the interaction of electronics and sensor in a schematic representation. According to FIG. 2, the signals emanating from both sensors are measured against each other, the difference is given to a signal amplifier 9 . The amplified signal reaches an analog / digital converter 10 , the output of which appears on a display if required. The display is labeled 11 . A limit value monitor 12 is provided in parallel. The limit value monitor 12 is also connected to the signal amplifier 9 and makes contact for an optical or acoustic alarm 13 as soon as a permissible value is exceeded. The limit value monitor 12 can also be used to monitor the battery voltage, which is essential for sensor operation.

Die Gassensoren 7 und 7a sind auf das erwartete Gas bzw. auf die erwarteten Gase ausgelegt. Vorteilhaft ist, wenn die Gassensoren 7 und 7a auf eine Vielzahl von Gasen ansprechen. Dann bedarf es bei einer Umstellung der Atemschutzmaske auf einen anderen Filterbetrieb nur noch eines Auswechselns des Filters, jedoch nicht mehr eines Einstel­ lens der Sensoren, wenn die neuen Schadgase auch in dem Meßband des Filters liegen. Vorteilhaft sind Systeme, die besonders empfindlich auf die vorgegebenen Gase reagieren. Fig. 3 zeigt einen Sensor für explosive Gase.The gas sensors 7 and 7 a are designed for the expected gas or the expected gases. It is advantageous if the gas sensors 7 and 7 a respond to a large number of gases. Then it is only necessary to change the filter when changing the respirator to a different filter operation, but no longer an adjustment of the sensors if the new harmful gases are also in the measuring tape of the filter. Systems that are particularly sensitive to the specified gases are advantageous. Fig. 3 shows a sensor of explosive gases.

Claims (2)

1. Atemschutzmaske mit Filter in der Luftansaugung, insbesondere Atemschutzmaske mit elektrisch betriebenem Belüftungsgerät, das Umgebungsluft ansaugt und in die Atemschutzmaske drückt, wobei der Filter vor dem Belüftungsgerät und hinter dem Filter ein Gassensor angeordnet ist, wobei der Gassensor in Berührung mit dem Gas seinen elektrischen Widerstand oder seine Spannung oder seine Kapazität ändet und die durch den Sensor erzeugte oder beeinflußte Spannung und/oder Stromstärke als Signal für einen Filterwechsel verwendet wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auch vor dem Filter ein Gassensor (7a) angeordnet ist, daß ohne Filtereinsatz unter Beauf­ schlagung mit dem zu filternden Medium und nach dem Filtereinsatz fortlaufend unter Beaufschlagung mit dem zu filternden Medium die Differenz der durch die Sensoren (7, 7a) erzeugten bzw. beeinfluß­ ten Spannungen und/oder Ströme gebildet wird und daß die fortlau­ fend ermittelte Differenz als Signal für einen Filterwechsel verwendet wird.1. Respirator with a filter in the air intake, in particular a respirator with an electrically operated ventilation device that sucks in ambient air and presses it into the respirator, the filter being arranged in front of the ventilation device and behind the filter, a gas sensor, the gas sensor being in contact with the gas its electrical Resistance or its voltage or its capacity changes and the voltage and / or current generated or influenced by the sensor is used as a signal for a filter change, characterized in that a gas sensor ( 7 a) is also arranged in front of the filter, that without filter insert under Acting on the medium to be filtered and after the filter insert, continuously applying the medium to be filtered, the difference between the voltages and / or currents generated or influenced by the sensors ( 7, 7 a) is formed and that the continuously determined difference ver as a signal for a filter change is applied. 2. Atemschutzmaske nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch die Verwen­ dung eines breitbandigen Filters.2. Respirator mask according to claim 1, characterized by the use broadband filter.
DE19904002843 1990-02-01 1990-02-01 Protective breathing mask with filter - having gas sensors in-front and behind with difference in their signals providing signal for change of filter Expired - Lifetime DE4002843C1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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