DE3712785A1 - Low-temperature distillation apparatus - Google Patents
Low-temperature distillation apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- DE3712785A1 DE3712785A1 DE19873712785 DE3712785A DE3712785A1 DE 3712785 A1 DE3712785 A1 DE 3712785A1 DE 19873712785 DE19873712785 DE 19873712785 DE 3712785 A DE3712785 A DE 3712785A DE 3712785 A1 DE3712785 A1 DE 3712785A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- water
- air
- heat
- brine
- pure water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004794 expanded polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 20
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005293 physical law Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006163 transport media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/048—Purification of waste water by evaporation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/10—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation by direct contact with a particulate solid or with a fluid, as a heat transfer medium
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Der Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung die in Wasserdestillationsanlagen, z. B. in Meerwasser- Entsalzungsanlagen, die Verdunstung von Schmutzwasser, im nachfolgenden Sole genannt, bei gleichzeitiger Kondensation von Reinwasser ermöglicht und in einem Temperaturbereich betrieben wird der unter dem Siedepunkt des Wasser liegt.The invention relates to a device in Water distillation plants, e.g. B. in seawater Desalination plants, the evaporation of dirty water, in subsequently called brine, with simultaneous condensation of pure water and in a temperature range is operated which is below the boiling point of the water.
Wasserdestillationsanlagen beruhen auf dem Prinzip der Kondensation von Reinwasser aus der Dampfphase. Sie verdampfen Sole unter Wärmezufuhr in einem Dampferzeuger und kondensieren den Dampf unter Wärmeentzug in einem Kondensator.Water distillation systems are based on the principle of Condensation of pure water from the vapor phase. they evaporate brine with heat in a steam generator and condense the steam while extracting heat in one Capacitor.
Destillationsanlagen werden mit hohen Temperaturen über dem Siedepunkt des Wassers betrieben und benötigen hochwertige Wärmeenergie. Ferner sind erhebliche Kühlleistungen zur Kondensation des Dampfes notwendig.Distillation plants are operated at high temperatures Boiling point of the water operated and need high quality Thermal energy. Furthermore, significant cooling capacities are required Condensation of the steam necessary.
Es ist bekannt, daß sich Wasser abkühlt wenn trockene Luft darüber hinwegstreicht. Seit Molliert sind auch die Gesetzmäßigkeiten bekannt. Der Effekt der Verdunstungskälte wird in vielfältigen Kühlerkonstruktionen genutzt.It is known that water cools down when dry air sweeps over it. They have been since Molliert Laws known. The effect of evaporative cold is used in a variety of cooler designs.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Destillationsvorrichtung zu schaffen, die im Niedertemperaturbereich, unter dem Siedepunkt des Wassers betrieben wird und der die physikalischen Gesetzmäßigkeiten der Mischung von Luft und Wasserdampf zugrunde liegen (Mollier i-x Diagramm). Ferner soll die Destillationsanlage mit einem Minimum an Energie auskommen. Das heißt, daß die bei der Kondensation von Dampf anfallende Wärme zur Verdunstung der Sole genutzt wird.The object of the invention is a distillation device to create that in the low temperature range, below the Boiling point of the water is operated and the physical laws of the mixture of air and Underlying water vapor (Mollier i-x diagram). Furthermore, the distillation plant should be at a minimum Get along with energy. That means that the condensation heat from steam is used to evaporate the brine becomes.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Dampferzeugung und Kondensation in einer Vorrichtung erfolgt, die als Gegenstrom-Wärmetauscher ausgebildet ist. Das Transportmedium und der Wärmeträger ist feuchte Luft.This object is achieved in that the Steam generation and condensation in one device takes place, which is designed as a countercurrent heat exchanger is. The transport medium and the heat transfer medium are moist Air.
Der Wärmetauscher besteht aus einer Zuluft- und einer Abluftseite. In der Fig. 1 ist ein Ausschnitt des Wärmetauschers dargestellt. Am Boden eines Kanals 1 ist ein Rohr 2 befestigt. Die Sole 3 ist so hoch in den Kanal eingefüllt, daß sie das Rohr 2 vollständig bedeckt. Der Kanal ist zur Vermeidung von Wärmeverlusten mit wärmeisolierendem Material umhüllt. Der Raum über der Sole ist die Zuluftseite 4, das Innere des Rohres ist die Abluftseite 5. Auf der Zuluftseite erfolgt die Verdunstung der Sole, auf der Abluftseite findet die Kondensation des Destillats statt. Die Luftbewegung der Zu- und Abluftseite ist gegenläufig.The heat exchanger consists of a supply air and an exhaust air side. In Fig. 1 shows a section of the heat exchanger is shown. At the bottom of a channel 1 , a tube 2 is attached. The brine 3 is filled into the channel so high that it completely covers the pipe 2 . The channel is covered with heat-insulating material to avoid heat loss. The space above the brine is the supply air side 4 , the inside of the pipe is the exhaust air side 5 . The brine evaporates on the supply air side and the distillate condenses on the exhaust air side. The air movement on the supply and exhaust air sides is opposite.
Auf der Zuluftseite verdunstet Wasser aus der Sole in die trocken, kalte Zuluft. Diese wird feuchter und die Soleschicht kühlt sich durch die Verdunstungskälte ab. Durch die Wärmeleitung kühlt sich auch die Rohrwandung der Abluftseite ab und Wasser kann aus der feucht warmen, entgegen strömenden, 100% gesättigten Luft, an der Rohrwandung kondensieren. On the supply air side, water evaporates from the brine into the dry, cold supply air. This gets wetter and the The brine layer cools down due to the evaporative cooling. The pipe wall also cools due to the heat conduction Exhaust air side and water can come out of the damp warm, against flowing, 100% saturated air, in the Condense the pipe wall.
Die dabei frei werdende Kondensationswärme wird per Wärmeleitung der Soleschicht, auf der Zuluftseite, zugeführt und ermöglicht die weitere Verdunstung von Wasser.The heat of condensation that is released is per Heat conduction of the brine layer, on the supply air side, fed and allows the further evaporation of Water.
Die Leistungsfähigkeit der Vorrichtung in bezug auf den Ausstoß von destilliertem Wasser ist abhängig von der Gesamtoberfläche der Sole, der pro Zeiteinheit durchgesetzten Luft, sowie der maximalen Temperatur im System. Um eine große Oberfläche der Sole zu erreichen werden viele Kanäle parallel in Platten 6 aus wärmeisolierendem Material, z. B. expandiertem Polystyrol, geformt. Diese Platten werden dann übereinander geschichtet, so daß der Boden einer Platte die Abdeckung des darunter befindlichen Kanales bildet.The performance of the device with regard to the discharge of distilled water depends on the total surface of the brine, the air passed through per unit of time, and the maximum temperature in the system. To achieve a large surface of the brine, many channels are parallel in plates 6 made of heat-insulating material, for. B. expanded polystyrene. These plates are then stacked one on top of the other so that the bottom of a plate forms the cover of the channel underneath.
Die Platten sind gegenseitig so versetzt aufeinander gestapelt, daß Zuluft und Sole mäanderförmig die Vorrichtung von oben nach unten durchströmen können. Siehe Fig. 2. Die zu verdunstende Sole wird in die Kanäle der obersten Platte eingeleitet und durchfließt alle Platten von oben nach unten.The plates are mutually stacked so that the supply air and brine can flow through the device from top to bottom in a meandering shape. See Fig. 2. The brine to be evaporated is introduced into the channels of the top plate and flows through all plates from top to bottom.
Der Stapel ist durch Stirnplatten 7 abgedichtet, durch die, die Rohre der Abluft geführt sind. Diese durchströmt die Vorrichtung von unten nach oben in umgekehrter Richtung.The stack is sealed by end plates 7 through which the pipes of the exhaust air are guided. This flows through the device from bottom to top in the opposite direction.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19873712785 DE3712785A1 (en) | 1987-04-15 | 1987-04-15 | Low-temperature distillation apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19873712785 DE3712785A1 (en) | 1987-04-15 | 1987-04-15 | Low-temperature distillation apparatus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE3712785A1 true DE3712785A1 (en) | 1988-11-03 |
Family
ID=6325679
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19873712785 Withdrawn DE3712785A1 (en) | 1987-04-15 | 1987-04-15 | Low-temperature distillation apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE3712785A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2185514A1 (en) * | 2001-10-13 | 2003-04-16 | Fernandez De Mazarambroz Berna | Installation used to obtain salt-free sea water at a low temperature with continuous operation and enthalpy recovery |
| DE102016107984A1 (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2017-11-02 | Wärtsilä Serck Como Gmbh | Seawater desalination apparatus for desalination of seawater |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3317406A (en) * | 1963-05-01 | 1967-05-02 | Kim D Beard | Hot air desalinization apparatus |
| FR1578054A (en) * | 1967-05-19 | 1969-08-14 | ||
| FR2105453A5 (en) * | 1970-09-08 | 1972-04-28 | Delaby Francois | |
| DE2453590A1 (en) * | 1973-11-09 | 1975-05-15 | Micheli Mario | PLANT FOR DISTILLATION OF SEAWATER BY MOISTURIZING AND DEHUMIDIFYING A GAS AND RELATED PROCESS |
| WO1981000707A1 (en) * | 1979-09-17 | 1981-03-19 | Od Inzh Str Inst | Method of desalinating water |
| CH644529A5 (en) * | 1979-01-25 | 1984-08-15 | Schering Ag | METHOD FOR EVAPORATING WATER FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS. |
| DE3447060A1 (en) * | 1984-12-22 | 1986-07-03 | Anton Brunn | Process for converting water or like fluid from the liquid phase into the gaseous phase and apparatus for carrying out this process |
| GB2176714A (en) * | 1985-06-26 | 1987-01-07 | William Masterton | Water evaporating and condensing plant |
-
1987
- 1987-04-15 DE DE19873712785 patent/DE3712785A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3317406A (en) * | 1963-05-01 | 1967-05-02 | Kim D Beard | Hot air desalinization apparatus |
| FR1578054A (en) * | 1967-05-19 | 1969-08-14 | ||
| FR2105453A5 (en) * | 1970-09-08 | 1972-04-28 | Delaby Francois | |
| DE2453590A1 (en) * | 1973-11-09 | 1975-05-15 | Micheli Mario | PLANT FOR DISTILLATION OF SEAWATER BY MOISTURIZING AND DEHUMIDIFYING A GAS AND RELATED PROCESS |
| CH644529A5 (en) * | 1979-01-25 | 1984-08-15 | Schering Ag | METHOD FOR EVAPORATING WATER FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS. |
| WO1981000707A1 (en) * | 1979-09-17 | 1981-03-19 | Od Inzh Str Inst | Method of desalinating water |
| DE3447060A1 (en) * | 1984-12-22 | 1986-07-03 | Anton Brunn | Process for converting water or like fluid from the liquid phase into the gaseous phase and apparatus for carrying out this process |
| GB2176714A (en) * | 1985-06-26 | 1987-01-07 | William Masterton | Water evaporating and condensing plant |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2185514A1 (en) * | 2001-10-13 | 2003-04-16 | Fernandez De Mazarambroz Berna | Installation used to obtain salt-free sea water at a low temperature with continuous operation and enthalpy recovery |
| WO2003033412A1 (en) * | 2001-10-13 | 2003-04-24 | Hernandez Hernandez Fernando M | Installation used to obtain salt-free sea water at a low temperature with continuous operation and enthalpy recovery |
| US7381310B2 (en) | 2001-10-13 | 2008-06-03 | Hernandez Hernandez Maria Fern | Installation used to obtain salt-free sea water at a low temperature with continuous operation and enthalpy recovery |
| DE102016107984A1 (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2017-11-02 | Wärtsilä Serck Como Gmbh | Seawater desalination apparatus for desalination of seawater |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| OM8 | Search report available as to paragraph 43 lit. 1 sentence 1 patent law | ||
| 8139 | Disposal/non-payment of the annual fee |