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DE3712785A1 - Low-temperature distillation apparatus - Google Patents

Low-temperature distillation apparatus

Info

Publication number
DE3712785A1
DE3712785A1 DE19873712785 DE3712785A DE3712785A1 DE 3712785 A1 DE3712785 A1 DE 3712785A1 DE 19873712785 DE19873712785 DE 19873712785 DE 3712785 A DE3712785 A DE 3712785A DE 3712785 A1 DE3712785 A1 DE 3712785A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
water
air
heat
brine
pure water
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE19873712785
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Peter Dipl Ing Krahn
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE19873712785 priority Critical patent/DE3712785A1/en
Publication of DE3712785A1 publication Critical patent/DE3712785A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D3/00Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C02F1/048Purification of waste water by evaporation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C02F1/10Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation by direct contact with a particulate solid or with a fluid, as a heat transfer medium
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124Water desalination

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)

Abstract

The apparatus described can distil pure water, in water desalination plants, below the boiling point of water. The apparatus operates according to the laws of mixing air and water vapour (moist air). The steam generator and the condenser are combined in the apparatus in such a way that the heat necessary for the evaporation is produced by the condensation of the pure water. The apparatus is fabricated from plates made of heat-insulating material, e.g. EPS, in which plates a system of ducts and tubes is located. The dry cold feed air, the brine and the moist warm exhaust air flow through this system in the manner of a counter-current heat exchanger. Pure water condenses out of the cooling moist exhaust air.

Description

Der Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung die in Wasserdestillationsanlagen, z. B. in Meerwasser- Entsalzungsanlagen, die Verdunstung von Schmutzwasser, im nachfolgenden Sole genannt, bei gleichzeitiger Kondensation von Reinwasser ermöglicht und in einem Temperaturbereich betrieben wird der unter dem Siedepunkt des Wasser liegt.The invention relates to a device in Water distillation plants, e.g. B. in seawater Desalination plants, the evaporation of dirty water, in subsequently called brine, with simultaneous condensation of pure water and in a temperature range is operated which is below the boiling point of the water.

Wasserdestillationsanlagen beruhen auf dem Prinzip der Kondensation von Reinwasser aus der Dampfphase. Sie verdampfen Sole unter Wärmezufuhr in einem Dampferzeuger und kondensieren den Dampf unter Wärmeentzug in einem Kondensator.Water distillation systems are based on the principle of Condensation of pure water from the vapor phase. they evaporate brine with heat in a steam generator and condense the steam while extracting heat in one Capacitor.

Destillationsanlagen werden mit hohen Temperaturen über dem Siedepunkt des Wassers betrieben und benötigen hochwertige Wärmeenergie. Ferner sind erhebliche Kühlleistungen zur Kondensation des Dampfes notwendig.Distillation plants are operated at high temperatures Boiling point of the water operated and need high quality Thermal energy. Furthermore, significant cooling capacities are required Condensation of the steam necessary.

Es ist bekannt, daß sich Wasser abkühlt wenn trockene Luft darüber hinwegstreicht. Seit Molliert sind auch die Gesetzmäßigkeiten bekannt. Der Effekt der Verdunstungskälte wird in vielfältigen Kühlerkonstruktionen genutzt.It is known that water cools down when dry air sweeps over it. They have been since Molliert Laws known. The effect of evaporative cold is used in a variety of cooler designs.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Destillationsvorrichtung zu schaffen, die im Niedertemperaturbereich, unter dem Siedepunkt des Wassers betrieben wird und der die physikalischen Gesetzmäßigkeiten der Mischung von Luft und Wasserdampf zugrunde liegen (Mollier i-x Diagramm). Ferner soll die Destillationsanlage mit einem Minimum an Energie auskommen. Das heißt, daß die bei der Kondensation von Dampf anfallende Wärme zur Verdunstung der Sole genutzt wird.The object of the invention is a distillation device to create that in the low temperature range, below the Boiling point of the water is operated and the physical laws of the mixture of air and Underlying water vapor (Mollier i-x diagram). Furthermore, the distillation plant should be at a minimum Get along with energy. That means that the condensation heat from steam is used to evaporate the brine becomes.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Dampferzeugung und Kondensation in einer Vorrichtung erfolgt, die als Gegenstrom-Wärmetauscher ausgebildet ist. Das Transportmedium und der Wärmeträger ist feuchte Luft.This object is achieved in that the Steam generation and condensation in one device takes place, which is designed as a countercurrent heat exchanger is. The transport medium and the heat transfer medium are moist Air.

Der Wärmetauscher besteht aus einer Zuluft- und einer Abluftseite. In der Fig. 1 ist ein Ausschnitt des Wärmetauschers dargestellt. Am Boden eines Kanals 1 ist ein Rohr 2 befestigt. Die Sole 3 ist so hoch in den Kanal eingefüllt, daß sie das Rohr 2 vollständig bedeckt. Der Kanal ist zur Vermeidung von Wärmeverlusten mit wärmeisolierendem Material umhüllt. Der Raum über der Sole ist die Zuluftseite 4, das Innere des Rohres ist die Abluftseite 5. Auf der Zuluftseite erfolgt die Verdunstung der Sole, auf der Abluftseite findet die Kondensation des Destillats statt. Die Luftbewegung der Zu- und Abluftseite ist gegenläufig.The heat exchanger consists of a supply air and an exhaust air side. In Fig. 1 shows a section of the heat exchanger is shown. At the bottom of a channel 1 , a tube 2 is attached. The brine 3 is filled into the channel so high that it completely covers the pipe 2 . The channel is covered with heat-insulating material to avoid heat loss. The space above the brine is the supply air side 4 , the inside of the pipe is the exhaust air side 5 . The brine evaporates on the supply air side and the distillate condenses on the exhaust air side. The air movement on the supply and exhaust air sides is opposite.

Auf der Zuluftseite verdunstet Wasser aus der Sole in die trocken, kalte Zuluft. Diese wird feuchter und die Soleschicht kühlt sich durch die Verdunstungskälte ab. Durch die Wärmeleitung kühlt sich auch die Rohrwandung der Abluftseite ab und Wasser kann aus der feucht warmen, entgegen strömenden, 100% gesättigten Luft, an der Rohrwandung kondensieren. On the supply air side, water evaporates from the brine into the dry, cold supply air. This gets wetter and the The brine layer cools down due to the evaporative cooling. The pipe wall also cools due to the heat conduction Exhaust air side and water can come out of the damp warm, against flowing, 100% saturated air, in the Condense the pipe wall.  

Die dabei frei werdende Kondensationswärme wird per Wärmeleitung der Soleschicht, auf der Zuluftseite, zugeführt und ermöglicht die weitere Verdunstung von Wasser.The heat of condensation that is released is per Heat conduction of the brine layer, on the supply air side, fed and allows the further evaporation of Water.

Die Leistungsfähigkeit der Vorrichtung in bezug auf den Ausstoß von destilliertem Wasser ist abhängig von der Gesamtoberfläche der Sole, der pro Zeiteinheit durchgesetzten Luft, sowie der maximalen Temperatur im System. Um eine große Oberfläche der Sole zu erreichen werden viele Kanäle parallel in Platten 6 aus wärmeisolierendem Material, z. B. expandiertem Polystyrol, geformt. Diese Platten werden dann übereinander geschichtet, so daß der Boden einer Platte die Abdeckung des darunter befindlichen Kanales bildet.The performance of the device with regard to the discharge of distilled water depends on the total surface of the brine, the air passed through per unit of time, and the maximum temperature in the system. To achieve a large surface of the brine, many channels are parallel in plates 6 made of heat-insulating material, for. B. expanded polystyrene. These plates are then stacked one on top of the other so that the bottom of a plate forms the cover of the channel underneath.

Die Platten sind gegenseitig so versetzt aufeinander gestapelt, daß Zuluft und Sole mäanderförmig die Vorrichtung von oben nach unten durchströmen können. Siehe Fig. 2. Die zu verdunstende Sole wird in die Kanäle der obersten Platte eingeleitet und durchfließt alle Platten von oben nach unten.The plates are mutually stacked so that the supply air and brine can flow through the device from top to bottom in a meandering shape. See Fig. 2. The brine to be evaporated is introduced into the channels of the top plate and flows through all plates from top to bottom.

Der Stapel ist durch Stirnplatten 7 abgedichtet, durch die, die Rohre der Abluft geführt sind. Diese durchströmt die Vorrichtung von unten nach oben in umgekehrter Richtung.The stack is sealed by end plates 7 through which the pipes of the exhaust air are guided. This flows through the device from bottom to top in the opposite direction.

Claims (4)

1. Destillationsvorrichtung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mit Kanälen versehene Platten, aus wärmeisolierendem Material, am Boden der Kanäle mit parallel zu den Kanälen verlaufenden Rohren verbunden sind.1. Distillation device, characterized in that plates provided with channels, made of heat-insulating material, are connected at the bottom of the channels with tubes running parallel to the channels. 2. Destillationsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Platten aus expandiertem Polystyrol oder geschäumten Polyurethan oder aufgeschäumtem Glas bestehen.2. Distillation device according to claim 1, characterized characterized in that the plates made of expanded polystyrene or foamed polyurethane or foamed glass consist. 3. Destillationsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kondensatorrohre zur Vergrößerung ihrer Oberfläche gewellt und geriffelt sind.3. Distillation device according to claim 1, characterized characterized in that the condenser tubes for enlargement their surface is corrugated and corrugated. 4. Destillationsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kondensatorrohre nach Anspruch 3, aus Kunststoff oder Metall bestehen.4. Distillation device according to claim 1, characterized characterized in that the condenser tubes according to claim 3, consist of plastic or metal.
DE19873712785 1987-04-15 1987-04-15 Low-temperature distillation apparatus Withdrawn DE3712785A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19873712785 DE3712785A1 (en) 1987-04-15 1987-04-15 Low-temperature distillation apparatus

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19873712785 DE3712785A1 (en) 1987-04-15 1987-04-15 Low-temperature distillation apparatus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE3712785A1 true DE3712785A1 (en) 1988-11-03

Family

ID=6325679

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE19873712785 Withdrawn DE3712785A1 (en) 1987-04-15 1987-04-15 Low-temperature distillation apparatus

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE3712785A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2185514A1 (en) * 2001-10-13 2003-04-16 Fernandez De Mazarambroz Berna Installation used to obtain salt-free sea water at a low temperature with continuous operation and enthalpy recovery
DE102016107984A1 (en) * 2016-04-29 2017-11-02 Wärtsilä Serck Como Gmbh Seawater desalination apparatus for desalination of seawater

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3317406A (en) * 1963-05-01 1967-05-02 Kim D Beard Hot air desalinization apparatus
FR1578054A (en) * 1967-05-19 1969-08-14
FR2105453A5 (en) * 1970-09-08 1972-04-28 Delaby Francois
DE2453590A1 (en) * 1973-11-09 1975-05-15 Micheli Mario PLANT FOR DISTILLATION OF SEAWATER BY MOISTURIZING AND DEHUMIDIFYING A GAS AND RELATED PROCESS
WO1981000707A1 (en) * 1979-09-17 1981-03-19 Od Inzh Str Inst Method of desalinating water
CH644529A5 (en) * 1979-01-25 1984-08-15 Schering Ag METHOD FOR EVAPORATING WATER FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS.
DE3447060A1 (en) * 1984-12-22 1986-07-03 Anton Brunn Process for converting water or like fluid from the liquid phase into the gaseous phase and apparatus for carrying out this process
GB2176714A (en) * 1985-06-26 1987-01-07 William Masterton Water evaporating and condensing plant

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3317406A (en) * 1963-05-01 1967-05-02 Kim D Beard Hot air desalinization apparatus
FR1578054A (en) * 1967-05-19 1969-08-14
FR2105453A5 (en) * 1970-09-08 1972-04-28 Delaby Francois
DE2453590A1 (en) * 1973-11-09 1975-05-15 Micheli Mario PLANT FOR DISTILLATION OF SEAWATER BY MOISTURIZING AND DEHUMIDIFYING A GAS AND RELATED PROCESS
CH644529A5 (en) * 1979-01-25 1984-08-15 Schering Ag METHOD FOR EVAPORATING WATER FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS.
WO1981000707A1 (en) * 1979-09-17 1981-03-19 Od Inzh Str Inst Method of desalinating water
DE3447060A1 (en) * 1984-12-22 1986-07-03 Anton Brunn Process for converting water or like fluid from the liquid phase into the gaseous phase and apparatus for carrying out this process
GB2176714A (en) * 1985-06-26 1987-01-07 William Masterton Water evaporating and condensing plant

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2185514A1 (en) * 2001-10-13 2003-04-16 Fernandez De Mazarambroz Berna Installation used to obtain salt-free sea water at a low temperature with continuous operation and enthalpy recovery
WO2003033412A1 (en) * 2001-10-13 2003-04-24 Hernandez Hernandez Fernando M Installation used to obtain salt-free sea water at a low temperature with continuous operation and enthalpy recovery
US7381310B2 (en) 2001-10-13 2008-06-03 Hernandez Hernandez Maria Fern Installation used to obtain salt-free sea water at a low temperature with continuous operation and enthalpy recovery
DE102016107984A1 (en) * 2016-04-29 2017-11-02 Wärtsilä Serck Como Gmbh Seawater desalination apparatus for desalination of seawater

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
OM8 Search report available as to paragraph 43 lit. 1 sentence 1 patent law
8139 Disposal/non-payment of the annual fee