DE3635339A1 - Washable undersheet for beds - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention describes a undersheet for beds that prevents soiling and wetting of mattresses and sheets. It comprises a moisture-tight lower layer and an upper layer on top of the latter. The undersheet additionally possesses at least one intermediate layer which is connected at individual points and/or in lines to the upper layer and at individual points, in lines and/or in areas to the lower layer. At least in the region of its top side, the upper layer comprises a moisture-permeable material which does not adsorb or absorb moisture, and the intermediate layer comprises a material having good moisture adsorbing or absorbing properties. <IMAGE>

Description

The present invention relates to a washable sub location for beds with the characteristics of the generic term of Claim 1.

To prevent mattresses and soiling and To prevent sheets, it is known to be washable Un to use documents between human Body and the mattress or sheet are placed. Such documents are, for example, at Klein used very often in children or in hospitals. Here are the known documents as a composite fe trained and have a moisture-proof Un which prevents moisture from penetrating into the mat to wear or prevent the sheets, as well as a fully connected upper layer, which in Kon tact with the human body. The upper la ge usually consists of a roughened fabric Natural fiber, such as cotton, which makes trok certain documents have reached a certain level of comfort shall be. However, the pad is replaced by Urinab  gift, stool or oozing wounds are wet, that is quick replacement of the same is required in order to To prevent bedsores (pressure ulcers).

The invention has for its object a sub to provide the specified type which is particularly suitable even when moist Way a bed sore is prevented.

This object is achieved by a washable re document with the characterizing features of Pa tent Claims 1 .

The invention is based on the basic idea, not only the moisture released by the human body, for example, urine, stool, sweat, Wound secretion or the like acts to ad- and absorb, but at the same time this moisture from the Contact surface between the human body and the Transport the top of the pad away is achieved that the top of the support surface too is always dry with extremely high moisture release. To achieve this, the sub according to the invention lay an upper layer, the top of which is a moisture permeable material that does not ad- absorbed, contains, and at least one between the upper layer and the lower layer arranged intermediate layer, the intermediate layer comprising a material, the good moisture adsorption or absorption property ten owns. The top layer and the liner are connected to one another at points and / or in lines, while the intermediate layer on the lower layer is punctual, is attached linearly and / or flat.

Such a pad designed according to the invention  has a number of advantages. This is also the case with an extremely high moisture release by the human body the top of the pad is not wet, as the moisture from the top does not or is absorbed. Rather, the one delivered Moisture directly into the Zwi by gravity transported location, in addition to this suction or capillary forces due to the good moisture keitsad- or absorption properties of the intermediate location, speed up this process. There the top layer and the intermediate layer only selectively and / or connected in a line, below does not break a continuous connection layer, such as Example an adhesive layer, the desired moisture Activity transport from the top of the top layer to Liner. Beyond that arise from the punk current and especially through the linear connection Formation of the two layers of individual segments, so that an un flat position of the pad due to one-sided Ver slip or shift the liner relative to the top layer is avoided. One of the also promotes like connection of the upper layer with the intermediate layer the washability of the pad, as a result of which the through flow of the pad is not affected during washing is and at the same time a water bag formation in the Skidding is avoided. Likewise occurs with the inventor documents according to the invention even with relatively large Differences in shrinkage between the individual layers (upper layer, intermediate layer or intermediate layers, lower one Location) no bouldering after washing on what is going on is traced back that at a point or lines shaped connection of the location this still relatively good ge are mutually displaceable. This also applies if the intermediate layer or the intermediate layers over the entire area are connected to the bottom layer because the bottom layer  stabilized the dimension of the liner so that the liner does not shrink during washing occurs.

In a first embodiment of the invention Underlay is the top layer, the intermediate layer or the intermediate layers and the lower layer only on the edge of the Documents firmly connected. This can happen with for example by gluing, welding, sewing, Velcro or the like. Such an embodiment is particularly useful for relatively small documents for example for toddler beds, cradles, children's wa gen or the like can be used.

For larger documents, for example in sick people homes in adults, it is recommended themselves, the upper layer, the intermediate layer or the intermediate layers and the lower layer also punctual ell spread over the surface of the pad together connect to. This will, as described above ben, both the washability and the use of the Underlay improved, since such an underlay too with relatively large shrinkage differences between the individual layers, caused by washing, not boldert and in use a shift of the individual NEN layers relative to each other does not occur and thus the mat still lies flat on the bed, if the user moves frequently in bed.

In another embodiment of the invention The lower and the intermediate layer are flat connected with each other. This will in particular ge suitable form, the dimension of the intermediate layer, in particular which also stabilizes during washing, as a rule the bottom layer, which is for example a  coated fabric or around a coated mesh goods, is relatively dimensionally stable.

Particularly good properties with regard to lying comfort, moisture transport and behavior when washing or caring for have documents whose upper layer is designed as a textile fabric. Here, the textile fabric can consist of a woven or knitted fabric with a different weave or layer or of nonwoven fabrics, such as nonwovens, felt or the like. Such fabrics contain th in the area of their top, which faces the human body in use, synthetic fibers, so as to ensure that the moisture released by the user is discharged through the top of the top layer to the bottom of the top layer or the intermediate layer or layers without the moisture is ad- or absorbed by the synthetic fibers. As synthetic fibers or yarns, for example, polyester, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyalkyl fibers or yarns are used, polyamide 6 -, poly amide 6.6 - and polypropylene fibers or yarns giving the best results in terms of the desired moisture transport and Have no moisture absorption. If textured fibers or yarns of the fiber classes mentioned above are used, then such a measure not only increases the comfort due to the increase in volume, but at the same time an improvement in moisture transport occurs. A similarly good result can be achieved by roughening or sanding the area of the upper side of the upper layer, which faces the human body in use, by the known finishing methods. Equivalent to this is to be seen if, by varying the binding or laying, the area of the upper side is designed to be correspondingly voluminous and bulky, as is the case, for example, for woven or knitted terry goods, satin fabrics, velours or the like.

Excellent results can be obtained with an upper Achieve location as a double-sided fabric or as double-sided knitted fabric (double face) is formed. Here is the area of the top of the top Location, which when used the human body is from one of the syn thesis fibers or yarns, while the inward to Intermediate area of the upper layer hydrophilic le fibers or yarns, such as cotton or viscose. Such, from a two sided fabric or a double-sided knitwear be standing top layer has the advantage that it too with extremely high moisture supply in the area of their The top always remains dry, as the hydrophilic Fa water or the hydrophilic yarn of the inside Area of the top layer moisture very quickly because of the hydrophilicity from the hydrophobic tops area is suctioned off and adsorbent intermediate layer or the intermediate layers forwards. Will also be the area of the upper egg te the top layer roughened or sanded, or who the textured synthetic fibers or yarns for this set, documents are created that suck well capable, always dry, soft and voluminous pad own space, which is an excellent lie comfortable and in an excellent surface dry even with high levels of moisture presses, so that even in long-term use bedsores of the user does not occur.  

Similar positive results can be achieved with an underlay, the upper layer of which is made of velor, the pile layer of which consists of synthetic fibers and the base fabric of which is made of natural fibers. In particular ge long here as a pile layer polyamide 6 , polyamide 6.6 and polypropylene fibers for use, since such a pile layer has a good recovery capacity, so that the pile knobs straighten up very quickly even after a longer pressure load.

Usually there is in the sub according to the invention lay the liner from a pile of synthesis fibers, this being, for example, poly amide, polyalkyl, polyester or polyacrylonitrilefa is acting. Due to the relatively large intermediate spaces between the individual fibers and the relative large volume of the intermediate layer is capable of this one to absorb or absorb a relatively large amount of moisture. The thickness of an intermediate layer can, depending on the intended purpose, d. H. from the to be recorded Amount of moisture, between about 1 mm and about 15 mm, preferably between about 3 mm and about 8 mm, vari ieren. It is preferably the pile around a fleece, especially a needle felt or needle flowing. If several such intermediate layers are used det, it is recommended to do this in the sub able to arrange that ge over the thickness of the base see the top liners that are in neighbor Shaft to the top layer, relatively small fiber have gaps while the lower gaps In comparison, there were much larger fibers show rooms. This ensures that the upper intermediate layers the moisture relatively quickly suction from the upper layer, while the lower two layers used to store moisture  will. Of course, it is also possible to provide different capillary-active intermediate layers, such a modification of the capillary activity either by the titer of the fibers, the fiber substrate or the density of the pile is variable. Preferential wise several intermediate layers are punctual or left kidney-shaped, for example by gluing, welding eat, sew or the like, connected.

The lower layer of the pad according to the invention consists usually from a liquid-tight coated Woven or a corresponding knitted fabric, being here for the usual coatings, such as sol based on polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylates, poly urethanes, polytetrafluoroethylene or the like, are used will. Particularly good results regarding the bed Comfort can be achieved with the well-known micropores achieve layers, which are permeable to Moisture in the vapor state and impermeable sig for moisture in the liquid state. Yourself understandable, however, instead of the above also referred to coated fabrics or knitted fabrics Films of the plastics listed above are used without the properties of the invented according to trained document significantly change be changed.

Another embodiment of the Un invention terlage provides that the top layer, the intermediate layer or the intermediate layers and the lower layer releasably with are connected. This can happen, for example by achieving that the layers on their edge and / or additionally punctually and / or linearly over Velcro straps are connected to each other, so that Wash the top layer and the liner respectively  Intermediate layers and the lower layer slightly apart separated and therefore washed differently and possibly can be sterilized. Such an execution form is particularly suitable for hospitals, because irreversibly ver dirty layers can be replaced inexpensively nen. They also have the advantage that, for example wise the top layer that is in contact with the user can be sterilized in addition to the laundry, while the intermediate layer or intermediate layers and the un tere layer can only be washed disinfectant.

In a further embodiment of the sub-invention location is designed such that between the Liner and the bottom layer one with a fluid Fillable flat chamber is arranged that is full constantly or partially over the area of the lower La ge extends. This gives you a padded Un support, through which the body of the Be can be heated or cooled by the user. By Va riation of the fluid pressure and the amount of fluid is the The hardness of the base can be varied, such Document for example in pressure ulcer patients or for burn injuries and for the transport of Severely injured can be used. Here serve as Fluid for example gases, such as B. air, or heating or cooling liquids, such as. B. water, polyethylene glycols or the like is in such an embodiment additionally the chamber into individual subchambers divided, so selected areas of the the body supported or warmed up or cooled down the, which not only increases lying comfort, but also also supports medical therapy at the same time can be. Such a sub is advantageously was designed so that the chamber can be easily removed  bar so that it can be washed from the underlay is removed. For example, he can do this be enough that the layers over Velcro or zippers connected at the edge are.

Advantageous further developments of the invention The basis are specified in the subclaims.

The invention is based on execution examples in connection with the drawing tert. Show it:

Fig. 1 is a schematic partial section of a he most embodiment;

Fig. 2 is a schematic partial section of a two-th embodiment; and

Fig. 3 is a schematic partial section of a third embodiment.

A shown in Fig. 1, generally designated 1 documents for beds, which prevents soiling and wetting of mattresses and sheets, has an upper layer 2 , an intermediate layer provided below 3 and a lower layer 4 , which on its outside is provided with a coating 5 . This is the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 is a microporous coating based on a polyacrylate, ie one that only allows moisture in the vaporous state, but not in the liquid state. This prevents the moisture given off by the user, which is, for example, urine, wound secretions, stool or the like, from penetrating into the mattress arranged below the lower layer 4 or the coating 5 or into the sheet . In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the intermediate layer 3 consists of a fleece which, in addition to polypropylene fibers, also contains polyamide fibers in the same ratio. As can be seen from the figure, the intermediate layer is quite voluminous in comparison to the upper layer 2 or lower layer 4 , so that it has a relatively high moisture absorption or absorption capacity, the moisture being preferably stored in the interstices of the fibers. Their thickness is about 4 mm to about 6 mm. The upper layer 2 be made of a satin-binding woven fabric, which contains textured multifilament polypropylene fibers as warp and weft material, so that the entire upper layer and not only an area 6 of its upper side is moisture-permeable without the moisture being ad- or absorbed becomes. The upper layer 2 , the intermediate layer 3 and the lower layer 4 are sewn together in a line at the edge (not shown) of the un layer. A Ver the different layers to prevent slipping relative to each other, the intermediate layer 3 is selectively bonded to the topsheet 2 and the backsheet 4, as exemplified by the reference numeral 7 shown in FIG. 1. For this purpose, a common hot melt adhesive based on a polyamide was used, which is washable.

A second embodiment shown in Fig. 2 of the base designated 10 has an upper layer 11 , four intermediate layers 12-15 and a lower layer 16 , which is provided on its lower side with a coating 17 , in which it is is a common coating based on polyvinyl chloride. The lower layer 16 consists of a polyester fabric and is fully connected to the intermediate layer 15 located above. The intermediate layers 12

• -15 are sewn together in a line (not shown), so that their abutting surfaces lie directly on top of each other. The upper intermediate layer 12 is quilted linearly with the upper layer 11 (not shown). Due to the connection of the different layers described above, they cannot slip, so that the base 10 always lies flat on the bed. Even when washing after use, this connection prevents no flow through the underlay, so that it can be properly maintained and possibly infected. There is no water sack formation when spinning. The upper layer 11 of the base 10 consists of a double-sided knitted fabric, as a result of which an outer region 18 is formed on the upper side of the upper layer 11 and an inner region 19 on the underside of the upper layer 11 . Here, the loading area 18 consists of hydrophobic polyamide fibers, while the area 19 has predominantly hydrophilic cotton fibers. Area 18 is additionally roughened to increase lying comfort. The intermediate layers 12-15 have a different moisture absorption capacity. This is achieved in that they are formed on both un differently thick and have an un terschiedliche material density, wherein the thickness of the intermediate layer 12 increases toward the intermediate layer 15, while the material density decreases from the liner 12 to the liner 15 °. This ensures that the moisture given off by the user is very quickly drawn off or suctioned off and after a while is predominantly in the lower intermediate layer 15 , so that the region 18 of the upper layer 11 , which is connected to the body of the User is in contact, is always dry even with extremely high moisture release. Penetration of the liquid in the mattress or in the sheet is prevented by the lower layer 16 or the PVC coating 17 .

Instead of the double-sided knitted fabric, a double-sided fabric or a velor can of course also be used as the top layer. It is also possible to replace the lower layer 16 and the coating 17 with a moisture-impermeable film. Of course, the intermediate layers 12 to 15 can be replaced by a single intermediate layer.

A shown in Fig. 3 and designated overall with 20 designated embodiment of the base has like the lower layers described above, an upper layer 21 , an intermediate layer 22 and a lower layer 24 , which is a moisture-impermeable film. Between the intermediate layer 22 and the lower layer 24 , a total designated 23 chamber is shown, which is divided in the embodiment shown of the type that two individual chambers arise. These are inflatable air chambers, so that the pad additionally pads the body of the user evenly or differently over its entire support surface or over a tail support surface, so that such a support is excellently applicable to pressure ulcer patients or the like. It is also possible to fill the chamber 23 or the partial chambers with a heating or cooling fluid.

Claims (15)

1. Washable underlay for beds, which prevents dirt and drenching of mattresses or sheets, with a moisture-proof lower layer and an upper layer above it, characterized in that it additionally has at least one intermediate layer ( 3 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 22 ) which is punctiform and / or linear with the upper layer ( 2 , 11 , 21 ) and punctiform, linear and / or flat with the lower layer ( 4 , 16 , 24 ) that the upper layer ( 2 , 11 , 21 ) at least in the area ( 6 , 18 ) of its upper side a moisture-permeable material that does not absorb or absorb moisture, ent and that the intermediate layer ( 3 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 22 ) comprises a material with good moisture absorption or absorption properties. 2. Pad according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper layer ( 2 , 11 , 21 ), the intermediate layer ( 3 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 22 ) and the lower layer ( 4 , 16 , 24 ) on the edge of Pad ( 1 , 10 , 20 ) are firmly connected. 3. Pad according to claim 2, characterized in that the upper layer ( 2 , 11 , 21 ), the intermediate layer ( 3 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 22 ) and the lower layer ( 4 , 16 , 24 ) additionally punctually are connected to each other over their area. 4. Pad according to claim 2, characterized in that the lower layer ( 16 ) and the intermediate layer ( 15 ) are connected to one another flat. 5. Underlay according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upper layer ( 2 , 11 , 21 ) is designed as a textile fabric. 6. Support according to claim 5, characterized in that the textile fabric in the region of the upper te ( 18 ) consists of synthetic fibers or yarns. 7. Underlay according to claim 5, characterized in that the textile fabric in the region of the inner side te ( 19 ) has hydrophilic fibers or yarns. 8. Pad according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upper layer ( 11 ) consists of a knitted fabric. 9. Document according to one of claims 1-7, characterized characterized in that the top layer is made of a velor consists. 10. Document according to claim 9, characterized in that the velor is a pile layer made of synthetic fibers and has a base fabric made of natural fibers. 11. Pad according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the intermediate layer ( 3 , 12 , 13, 14, 15, 22 ) comprises a pile of synthetic fibers. 12. Document according to claim 11, characterized in that the pile is a fleece. 13. Document according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower layer from a coated fabric or a coated mesh goods exist. 14. Support according to claim 13, characterized in that the coating ( 5 , 17 , 24 ) is a microporous coating. 15. Pad according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between the intermediate layer ( 15 ) and the lower layer ( 16 ) a fluid-fillable chamber ( 23 ) is arranged, which is completely dig or partially over the surface of the lower layer ( 24 ) extends.