DE3513953C2 - Procedures to neutralize dioxins and dibenzofurans - Google Patents
Procedures to neutralize dioxins and dibenzofuransInfo
- Publication number
- DE3513953C2 DE3513953C2 DE19853513953 DE3513953A DE3513953C2 DE 3513953 C2 DE3513953 C2 DE 3513953C2 DE 19853513953 DE19853513953 DE 19853513953 DE 3513953 A DE3513953 A DE 3513953A DE 3513953 C2 DE3513953 C2 DE 3513953C2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- dioxins
- mixture
- added
- dust
- dibenzofurans
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 150000002013 dioxins Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 9
- 150000004826 dibenzofurans Chemical class 0.000 title description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 150000001907 coumarones Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 claims 1
- BTAGRXWGMYTPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-trichloro-4-(2,3,4-trichlorophenyl)benzene Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1Cl BTAGRXWGMYTPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229940070335 chlor-phen Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- RELMFMZEBKVZJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene Chemical class ClC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1Cl RELMFMZEBKVZJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ICBZSKCTKKUQSY-YUWZRIFDSA-N 4-[(1r,2s)-1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)propyl]phenol;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CN[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 ICBZSKCTKKUQSY-YUWZRIFDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011400 blast furnace cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/02—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates
- C04B18/021—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates agglomerated by a mineral binder, e.g. cement
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B22/00—Use of inorganic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. accelerators or shrinkage compensating agents
- C04B22/002—Water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00767—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for waste stabilisation purposes
- C04B2111/00784—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for waste stabilisation purposes for disposal only
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Unschädlichma chung von Dioxinen und Dibenzofuranen, welche in öligen Rückständen, vorzugsweise aus Deponieeluaten, enthalten sind, bei dem eine Mischung aus Flugasche aus einem oder mehreren Kohlekraftwerken und einem oder mehreren hydraulischen Bindemitteln der ölige Rückstand und An machwasser, das bis zu 4% Polyvinylalkohol oder Poly vinylacetat in wäßriger Lösung enthält, zugesetzt, das Ganze homogenisiert uns zu einer teigigen Masse verar beitet wird, welche ausgebracht oder in Formen oder Be hältnisse gefüllt und getrocknet wird, worauf das Er zeugnis durch Aufbrechen der ausgebreiteten Masse oder als Formkörper aus den Formen oder in Behältnissen ein geschlossen gewonnen wird (nach Patent 35 02 585).The invention relates to a method for harmlessness of dioxins and dibenzofurans, which are in oily Residues, preferably from landfill sites are where a mixture of fly ash from one or more coal-fired power plants and one or more hydraulic binders the oily residue and to machwasser, the up to 4% polyvinyl alcohol or poly contains vinyl acetate in aqueous solution, added The whole homogenized us into a doughy mass is processed, which is applied or in forms or Be stuffed and dried, whereupon the Er testimony by breaking up the spread mass or as a shaped body from the molds or in containers is obtained closed (according to patent 35 02 585).
Dioxine, insbesondere das stark toxische 2.3.7.8.- Tetrachlordibenzo-Para-Dioxin, welches als sogenanntes "Sevesogift" bekannt geworden ist, bzw. die gleichzei tig mit Dioxinen entstehenden chlorierten Dibenzofurane sind nicht in Wasser, sondern u. a. in Ölen und organischen Lösungsmitteln löslich. Dioxine können z. B. auch in der Kühlflüssigkeit von Transformatoren enthalten sein. Diese Kühlflüssigkeit, auch als "Askarel" bekannt, besteht im wesentlichen aus Chlorphen A 60. Dieser Stoff allein ist jedoch für Kühlzwecke wegen seiner hohen Viskosität nicht geeignet, so daß als Lösungsmittel noch Tetra- und Trichlorbenzole hinzugefügt werden. Das Verhältnis von Chlorphen zu Lösungsmittel beträgt im allgemeinen 2/1. Bei der Herstellung, aber auch später im Gebrauch, wenn beim Kühlen der Transforma toren das "Askarel" erhitzt wird, können die toxischen Stoffe entstehen. Pro Transformator werden bis zu 900 kg an Kühlflüssigkeit benötigt. Es fallen daher erhebliche Mengen an umweltbedenklichen Abfallstoffen bei der Ent sorgung alter, nicht mehr verwendungsfähiger Transfor matoren an.Dioxins, especially the highly toxic 2.3.7.8.- Tetrachlorodibenzo-Para-Dioxin, which as a so-called "Sevesogift" has become known, or at the same time chlorinated dibenzofurans formed with dioxins are not in water, but u. a. in oils and organic Solvents soluble. Dioxins can e.g. B. also in the Coolant from transformers may be included. This coolant, also known as "Askarel", consists essentially of chlorphen A 60. This substance however, alone is for cooling purposes because of its high Viscosity not suitable, so that as a solvent tetra- and trichlorobenzenes can also be added. The ratio of chlorphen to solvent is generally 2/1. In the manufacture, but also later in use when cooling the transforma If the "Askarel" is heated, the toxic Fabrics are created. Up to 900 kg per transformer of coolant needed. There are therefore significant falls Amounts of environmentally harmful waste materials at the Ent old, no longer usable Transfor mators.
Es ist bereits vorgeschlagen worden, Dioxine und Diben zofurane durch Verbrennen unschädlich zu machen. In der Praxis scheitern solche sehr aufwendigen Verfahren jedoch an den hohen Temperaturen, die in der Feuerung erreicht werden müssen, wenn die bezeichneten Verbindungen restlos abgebaut werden sollen. Außerdem können mit diesem bekannten Verfahren jeweils nur geringe Men gen vernichtet werden.Dioxins and diben have already been suggested To render zofurane harmless by burning. In In practice, such very complex processes fail however, due to the high temperatures in the furnace must be achieved when the designated connections to be completely dismantled. You can also use this known method only small amounts be destroyed.
Ein anderes bekanntes Verfahren besteht darin, die schädliche Flüssigkeit einzuschließen, d. h. sie in doppelwandigen Fässern aufzubewahren. Diese Fässer bzw. ihre Deponie schaffen gleichwohl die von den toxischen Dioxinen und Diben zofuranen ausgehenden Gefahren nicht aus der Welt und sind daher für die Unschädlichmachung ungeeignet.Another known method is trapping the harmful fluid, d. H. keep them in double-walled barrels. Create these barrels or their landfill nevertheless that of the toxic dioxins and dibes zofuranen outgoing dangers not out of the world and are therefore unsuitable for the harmlessness.
Es hat sich nun überraschenderweise herausgestellt, daß auf einfache Weise ein Erzeugnis hergestellt werden kann, welches Dioxine und Dibenzofurane auf Dauer unschädlich macht, wobei das zur Herstellung dieses Erzeugnisses benutzte neue Verfahren in der Lage ist, nennenswerte Mengen an toxischen Stoffen in kurzer Zeit zu verarbeiten.It has now surprisingly turned out that a product is easily produced can be what dioxins and dibenzofurans on Durability makes harmless, which is to manufacture this product used new processes in the Is capable of significant amounts of toxic substances to process in a short time.
Die Erfindung schlägt vor, bei einem Verfahren der ein gangs genannten Art als öligen Rückstand Kühlflüssig keit von Transformatoren zu verwenden. The invention proposes a method of gangs mentioned as an oily residue coolant to use transformers.
Dabei kann pro Mischvorgang ein Anteil von bis zu 30 Gew.-% "Askarel" eingebracht werden, vorzugsweise befindet sich jedoch ein Anteil von 20 bis 25% "Aska rel" in der Mischung.A proportion of up to 30% by weight of "Askarel" can be introduced, preferably However, there is a share of 20 to 25% "Aska rel "in the mixture.
Das Verfahren kann so geführt werden, daß bei festem Anteil an "Askarel" das Verhältnis von Flugstaub zu hydraulischem Bindemittel oder bei festem Anteil an hydraulischem Bindemittel das Verhältnis von "Askarel" zu Flugstaub variiert wird.The process can be carried out so that in the case of a solid Share in "Askarel" the ratio of airborne dust to hydraulic binder or with a fixed proportion hydraulic binder the ratio of "Askarel" is varied to fly dust.
Im letzten Fall kann das Verhältnis von Flugstaub zu "Askarel" von 1,5/1 bis zu 3/1 variieren. Der Flugstaub ist ein fester Stoff mit großer Oberfläche, der erhebliche Mengen an "Askarel" binden kann. Dieser puzzolanische Effekt des Flugstaubes ist der Grund da für, daß bei dem durch das Verfahren hergestellten Er zeugnis eine Festigkeit erreicht wird, die dem zuge gegebenen Anteil an hydraulischem Bindemittel, z. B. Zement, an sich nicht entspricht.In the latter case, the ratio of airborne dust to "Askarel" vary from 1.5 / 1 to 3/1. Of the Flying dust is a solid substance with a large surface, that can bind significant amounts of "Askarel". This the pozzolanic effect of the dust is there for that in the Er produced by the process certificate a strength is achieved that the given proportion of hydraulic binder, e.g. B. Cement, in itself, does not correspond.
Die nach dem Mischen teigige Masse wird ausgebracht und erhärtet. Sie bildet nach dem Aufbrechen mehr oder weniger grobe Partikel. Wird die Masse dagegen in offene Formen eingefüllt, so ergeben sich nach dem Entformen entsprechend ausgebildete Formkörper. Der giftige Rückstand wird vollständig eingebunden.The dough after mixing is spread out and hardened. It forms more after breaking open or less coarse particles. The crowd will mind filled into open forms, so after Demould appropriately trained molded articles. Of the toxic residue is fully incorporated.
Die Formkörper weisen eine derartige Festigkeit auf, daß sie vor dem Erstarren mit Ösen aus Stahl versehen werden können, welche das Manipulieren der Formkörper erleichtert, sobald diese erhärtet sind. Verwahrt werden können die Formkörper z. B. in unterirdischen Salzkavernen.The shaped bodies have such a strength that that they are provided with steel eyelets before solidification can be manipulating the molded body relieved as soon as they are hardened. Kept safe can be the shaped body z. B. in underground Salt caverns.
Aus Sicherheitsgründen kann es sich ferner empfehlen, die Formkörper nach ihrer Entformung und vor ihrer Endlagerung oder Deponie mit einem wasserdichten Anstrich zu versehen. Dafür kommt insbesondere ein Bitumenanstrich in Frage.For security reasons, it can also be recommended the moldings after their demolding and before their Repository or landfill with a waterproof To paint. This is particularly important Bitumen painting in question.
Es ist jedoch auch möglich, die teigige Masse z. B. in Fässer abzufüllen. Durch diese Verpackung erreicht man ebenfalls eine Verbesserung der Transportmöglich keit und einen zusätzlichen Abschluß nach außen, der je nach Art des Behältnisses den Inhalt über längere Zeiträume verwahrt.However, it is also possible to use the doughy mass e.g. B. to be filled into barrels. Achieved by this packaging an improvement in transport is also possible speed and an additional external conclusion, the depending on the type of container, the contents over a longer period Periods.
Im folgenden wird ein Anwendungsbeispiel der Erfindung erläutert:The following is an application example of the invention explains:
(6096)
650 kg Flugstaub aus Steinkohlekraftwerken
100 kg Lutoforte® (Hochofenzement)
werden in einem Spezialintensivmischer
trocken 1 bis 2 min
vorgemischt. Anschließend werden
250 kg "Askarel" und
100 kg einer 4%igen Lösung von "Polyviol G 18/140"® (Polyvinylalkohol mit einem
MG von ca. 200 000
zugegeben und 5 min intensiv gemischt und
homogenisiert.(6096)
650 kg of dust from hard coal power plants
100 kg Lutoforte® (blast furnace cement) are premixed dry in a special intensive mixer for 1 to 2 minutes. Then be
250 kg "Askarel" and
100 kg of a 4% solution of "Polyviol G 18/140" ® (polyvinyl alcohol with a MW of approx. 200,000 added and mixed intensively and homogenized for 5 minutes.
Die homogene Mischung erstarrt und erreicht nach 2 Tagen eine Druckfestigkeit von 110 N/cm².The homogeneous mixture solidifies and reaches after 2 days a compressive strength of 110 N / cm².
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19853513953 DE3513953C2 (en) | 1984-12-29 | 1985-04-18 | Procedures to neutralize dioxins and dibenzofurans |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3447816 | 1984-12-29 | ||
| DE19853502585 DE3502585C2 (en) | 1984-12-29 | 1985-01-26 | Procedures to neutralize dioxins and dibenzofurans |
| DE19853513953 DE3513953C2 (en) | 1984-12-29 | 1985-04-18 | Procedures to neutralize dioxins and dibenzofurans |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE3513953A1 DE3513953A1 (en) | 1986-10-30 |
| DE3513953C2 true DE3513953C2 (en) | 1996-05-15 |
Family
ID=27192648
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19853513953 Expired - Fee Related DE3513953C2 (en) | 1984-12-29 | 1985-04-18 | Procedures to neutralize dioxins and dibenzofurans |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE3513953C2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3811392A1 (en) * | 1988-04-05 | 1989-10-19 | Juergen Mennes | PLASTIC FILLED WITH FILLING AGENT |
| DD296010B5 (en) * | 1990-05-11 | 1997-04-17 | Zinke Oeko Engineering Bernhar | Process for the complex dumping of pollutants with water-soluble fractions |
| DE4343080A1 (en) * | 1993-12-16 | 1995-06-29 | Philipp Stephanie | Conversion of organic substances, residues, waste to mineralized raw materials as base material |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3332001A1 (en) * | 1983-09-05 | 1984-06-07 | Rudolf 8000 München Johne | Method of disposing of soluble pollutants contained in refuse slag |
-
1985
- 1985-04-18 DE DE19853513953 patent/DE3513953C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3513953A1 (en) | 1986-10-30 |
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