DE3501777A1 - Waste sorting system - Google Patents

Abstract

A waste sorting system, preferably for "dry refuse" in which oscillating conveyor troughs are largely used instead of the usual conveyor belts. The feeding of the refuse mixture in portions, for example with a crane gripper, is transformed by means of an oscillating conveyor trough into a single uniform flow, in which fines can be simultaneously screened in a partially perforated base. A subsequent oscillating conveyor trough is inclined in an ascending manner in the conveying direction and provided with an adhesive covering, for example of slightly profiled rubber. Bulky material is conveyed "uphill" and round parts roll down contrary to the conveying direction. At both ends of this inclined oscillating conveyor trough, which acts as "roll-down sorter" there are arranged transversely extending oscillating conveyor troughs at which the material is sorted by hand. The system can be further developed in a plurality of variants in the unitised construction system, as described in the subclaims. <IMAGE>

Description

Description: i

Waste sorting plant.

The invention applies to a sorting plant, preferably for a "dry" waste fraction that is already ^! m lijuiv halt in einsm Meh rs tof f sammetLbeh;)]. ter was collected separately from "MaC'niu ■ 1" (kitchen waste, garden waste, baby diaper ...).

In general, so-called "Wet ts tof fe" are written as:, <jü. "green bin" collected and the residual waste in the black; Ton.

Purely the re-sorting of the "recyclables" from the "green"

Ton "the mechanical systems are not expensive ^:

as for a total garbage sorting and the again in individual "

ne 'groups of substances (fractions) separated uucundär raw material F e are nowhere near as polluted and with germs and Microorganisms contaminated, like sorting out one is sanitary garbage mixture.

Since the separate discharge of two different IjT

Collection containers from households cause high costs, the re-sorting system must be so simple and cheap as there the proceeds from the sale of the secondary raw materials are still there is very low. To this day this has not been the case to a sufficient degree and the effort still being made for Such post-sorting systems are rightly criticized in public. (Environment magazine "natur", nature-draft waste management Issue 9/34 p. 61).

Such systems essentially work with conveyor belts. First, the garbage mixture is dumped on the concrete hall boH η. With a vehicle, such as a forklift mi t öchieba sign, the refuse is pushed portionwise ι in a chess, in which an underfloor conveyor belt is, that on one side in an excessively steep angle guo dcj>; Shaft ascends upwards and thereby through Mi tnehnu. r-ribs on the belt continuously convey small individual portions upwards from the larger heap located in U3h) o'Jiacht. Thus / this conveyor belt causes a sliding isolation of the piles pushed into the shaft.

The following sorting of

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Hand on slow moving conveyor belts that are at '-> ο ^ ^ f & * u ^h "

Take nan for the sorting staff. Also slow turning ones Sorting plates or sorting carousels are common. Some mechanical devices are designed to do manual sorting replace or facilitate. For example, slightly inclined conveyor belts are used with round parts such as bottles j ^ or unroll glasses and then type according to glass color, for example C - * - can be re-sorted by hand. For separation or Class-Q For smaller parts of large-area parts, for example, grate screens are used, because these are not so quick clogged by foils or textile waste such as perforated metal sieves, however, it cannot be avoided that even large parts such as newspapers or larger sheets of paper will pass through slide through the narrow gap between the grate bars and undesirably into the much smaller one. ": Well advised of the sieve passage. Foils and textile waste clog vibrating screens as well as drum screens by they hang around the bars between the sieve holes.

Conveyor belts are generally complex Förderelemen te , especially if they are used in continuous operation for the extremely heterogeneous good garbage. In the garbage there are always objects that damage, destroy or lead to premature wear and tear on conveyor belts.

The object of the invention is therefore complex: The Ford fire elements should be simpler, cheaper and more robust and work practically without wear. The same applies to additional units used for mechanical part sorting. Clogging of the sieve by foils and textile waste should be avoided and the classification into large?, Usable parts such as newspapers, cardboard boxes, wooden parts of trash etc. and small pieces of waste should be improved ¹ .; <will be. An additional task can be to use system modules that are suitable for a different or subsequent expansion of the system, e.g. to start with low resources and then, when the amount to be enforced increases or the sorting staff is to be relieved, expand in a modular system, so to speak and to be able to expand.

The invention solves the problem with a system that enjoys the

Claims. ... _ ■

? AD ORIGINAL

The replacement of individual conveyor belts with vibrating conveyor troughs is already a step towards simplification and Ve r'oilligunj the plant. The 3 conveyor belts, which are susceptible to wear, fail quite.

a particularly simple and low investment and operating costs Requiring "ninstieopmodall" a pin-shaped expandable system is the example of cjern ^ ß Anspructi ? . In addition to the sorting belts, the expenditure CO replaced digeren conveyor belts; the sub-floor and subsequent Partial conveyor belt for separating sufj'jiegencr Pile and the inclined conveyor belt as "Abroli-;

sorter "for round parts. In both cases Vibratory feeders easily handle the tasks: to take. The singling vibratory conveyor can also have a classifying effect and an additional one? Replace the fine material sieve.

The further examples of the following subclaims show Examples of the simplest units, even if some of them are used. are known per se. A drum screen is particularly advantageous for classifying into large, usable parts and small pieces of waste. However, it can only work reliably if the Folian and Textileb, 'fille aussortey.rt were!

fcisanschro tt in the garbage consists essentially of? 8.1 echdc:. ^ N. bo as this scrap becomes treni'l through magnetic separators, it is neither for sale because of the large volume of rubble nor as a result of the heavy pollution from paper, foils or remains of the contents. The association vsiP - sheet metal industry and the steel industry have already voted to shred this sheet metal scrap by means of öhredder or Ham.-nermühien xcax in order to achieve a lower bulk volume. The bulk of the torn tin scraps, however, still remains relatively loose and soiling remains particularly on the sharp edges of these shreds of sickness. With remnants of film, textile scraps, etc. hang well and cannot be separated by any subsequent cleaning process. Only in a ball mill is the tin soot tied into small k'umjjen grain packets, leftover waste is squeezed out or pressed and the lumps can be lifted out of the dirt residues behind the mill by a magnet where r-rlon -

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The figures illustrate the invention in more detail E _r and describe an example of an upgradeable system qemäß correspond to the requirements before-η 2 to 5. '"""""v ..-

Fiy. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a system with a vibrating conveyor trough for separating and sieving fine goods, a vibrating conveyor trough for separating round parts from rolling £ ^ two vibratory feeders for manual sorting of the two v - fractions from the roll-off sorter.

LO FIG. 2 shows an expansion of the system according to FIG. 1

with a downstream film separation system.

3 shows a further expansion stage with a drum screen connected downstream of elncv).

Iu Fiy. 1 the mix is i in portions, e.g. using ADS mini mobile cranes placed on vibratory conveyor 2. Section 3 is the bottom of the vibratory conveyor trough perforated. There the fine material 4 is sieved off and placed in suitable containers under the vibrating conveyor chute 2 or removed by suitable funding.

The isolated mix 1 a is from the vibrating conveyor 2 transferred to the vibrating conveyor trough 5, which rises slightly in the conveying direction. Round parts, e.g. bottles, Glasses, cans ... roll against the direction of conveyance and arrive as a rollable mix 6 in the auer Vibrating conveyor trough 7, from which it is colored according to material, Gl.isf ^ rbe JiC. sorted by hand.

Bizzare, bulky or flat parts are called Micohgut 3 conveyed upwards and get into the auer Vibrating conveyor trough 9, from which it is made by hand according to ISaterial are read out sorted.

This simplest system has only one mechanical sorting device, the "roll-off sorter" in the form of the vibratory conveyor £ ■,

Fig. 2 shows an extension of the system with a second mechanical sorting device: that by the vibrating conveyor 5 mix 8 freed from the rolling mix 6 is transferred to a chute 10 inclined downwards at an incline. The chute 10 is interrupted transversely to the conveying direction and in this gap of the young by a spiked roller 11 broken through.

Above the spiked roller 11 is a brush roller 12, which is made up of rotating, soft hair brooms, for example. The mix 8 sliding down over the chute 10 is gently moved by this rotating broom of the brush roller 12 Pressure "swept" over the spikes of the spiked roller 11. Foils and textile waste remain on the Spikes hang impaled and become eus dom mix 8 hauled out onto the back of the slide 10. papers tear at the spines and are "swept away" over the surface of the chute 10. Compact plastic parts: fabric, leather or wood are not affected by the spines. t and how the paper is frozen on the chute 10.

The films and textile waste may, for example, on the ^back: are combed 10 by a pinion 13 from the spiked roller 11 and discharged as a mixed material 14 in the Auer extending vibrating conveyor 15 for further be sorted hand readout (plastic, textile) of the chute.

The remaining mix 16, e.g. paper, cardboard, wood, Ledsr ... is passed at the end of the chute 10 into the outer swinging conveyor trough 17, from which it is made of material sorted by hand ..

3 shows a further expansion stage of the system in which the mixed material 16 from which foils and textile waste have been removed E.g. by means of a screw conveyor 13 is conveyed into a perforated sheet cylinder 19, which is interchangeable on a Flange 20 is screwed and so a simplest drum screen (19,20) forms. The flange? 0 is with the shaft? 1 rotatably mounted and is driven with adjustable speed

The sieve overflow 22 is in the transverse vibrating conveyor trough 23 dropped. Due to the lack of invaluable small pieces will be the hand ^ uslesti -u'i this vibrating conveyor trough 23 is made much easier. Of the Cut passage 24 consists of small boxes or pieces of paper, pieces of wood etc. and is nät the vibrating conveyor trough 25 promoted in container, with which he to the landfill odc-r can be transported to a combustion plant.

ORIGINAL

- Lee · £ · ■ ♦

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Claims (1)

Peter Voelskow VDI "" "■ - ----- 7369 Holzinshaus 15 Anni.No. IO 33 9fJÜ Waste sorting system. 1. ^J - Waste sorting system, preferably for sorting waste yemischen from multi-substance collecting containers for an already iff. 'Household pre-sorted, dry garbage fraction, ie essentially, borrowed is equipped with conveyor belts, e.g. a conveyor belt, a slightly inclined conveyor belt, which lifts up the portion-wise and level goods from an underfloor filling shaft and thereby somewhat balances-out and separates them . Rolling round objects such as bottles or cans -jovle: one or more conveyor belts, which lead past handauäleeestatiM '^ n, characterized in that one or more of these conveyor belts are replaced by vibrating conveyor troughs. Waste sorting system according to claim i, characterized by the coupling of the following facilities: a) a device for separating the mix (!) from piles abandoned in portions consisting of one or several vibratory feeders arranged one behind the other) (2) the bottom of which can be at least partially designed as a perforated plate, b) a facility consisting of one or more arranged one behind the other, rising slightly in the conveying direction and preferably on the ground with a rubbery gene Vibratory conveyor trough (s) (5) provided with a slip layer, c) üin slowly moving conveyor element for the from Execution according to 1 b) rolling against the conveying direction Mixed material f 6) for sorting manual selection, e.g. a vibrating conveyor trough (7), d) a slowest moving conveying element ^for dris from external device according to 1 b) conveyed mixed material (S) with a slight incline, for example a swirling conveyor trough (9). Plant according to claim 1 or? characterized by daii preferably behind a device according to claim 2 b) in the conveying direction for the mixed material (8) a known per se device for the separation of foils and textiles is arranged consisting of a downward sloping slide (10) over which the mix (8) slides down, one Spiked roller ClI), spines over the surface of the Carriage (lü) protrude in a corresponding gap and a brush roller (12) that carries the material to be mixed (8) with light pressure on the spiked roller (11) sweeps over it. Plant according to claim 3, characterized in that preferably for the mixed material (16), which is made of foils unci Textile waste existing mixed material (14) is exempt, for Next, a drum screen (19, 20) with a perforation is arranged between 80 and 200 mm. Plant according to Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that dafc door dia remaining mixed goods (14, 16) as well as the Miebüberlauf (22) slowly moving conveyor elements for sorting Hand selection are arranged, preferably, vibratory conveyor troughs (15,17,23). System according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at suitable points, preferably behind the F-inrich ·· tune according to claim ? a), magnetic separators are arranged. System according to claim 6, characterized in that behind de <r, (den) Magne tscheide r (n) a ball mill angao r-Jne t, which in a known manner an overbandrnagne t for lifting deb scrap metal compacted into small lumps from the Soiling residues is connected downstream. BAD ORiGWAL