DE3225686A1 - Process for the heat treatment of the surface of a structural component - Google Patents
Process for the heat treatment of the surface of a structural componentInfo
- Publication number
- DE3225686A1 DE3225686A1 DE19823225686 DE3225686A DE3225686A1 DE 3225686 A1 DE3225686 A1 DE 3225686A1 DE 19823225686 DE19823225686 DE 19823225686 DE 3225686 A DE3225686 A DE 3225686A DE 3225686 A1 DE3225686 A1 DE 3225686A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- oxidation
- takes place
- temperature
- nitrocarburizing
- nitrogen
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- YYXHRUSBEPGBCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanylidyneiron Chemical compound [N].[Fe] YYXHRUSBEPGBCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010301 surface-oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneiron Chemical compound [C].[Fe] QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 11
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000997 High-speed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005256 carbonitriding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000802 nitrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/34—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases more than one element being applied in more than one step
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung der Oberfläche eines Bauteils Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1. Method for heat treatment of the surface of a component The invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1.
Ein derartiges Verfahren ist insbesondere zur Erhöhung des Korrosionswiderstands unter Vermeiden eines Verzinkens für Scheibenwischergelenke aus niedrig kohlenstoffhaltigem Stahl aus "KETAL PROGRESS", Juni 1982, Seiten 11/12, bekannt Bei diesem bekannten Verfahren erfolgt ein Nitrocarburieren, dgl. eine Wärmebehandll;ng in einer in erster Linie einen nitrierenden Bestandteil (Ammoniak), aber auch Kohlenstoff enthaltenden Atmosphäre bei Temp- raturen unterhalb der Eutektischen Temperatur des Eisen-Stickstoff-Systems, dX unterhalb des Al-PunktsO Das Ergebnis ist unter anderem eine hohe Wechselfestigkeit und eine harte äußere. Schicht des Bauteils, die anschließend einem richt näher beschriebenen Oxydierungsprozeß unterworfen wird.Such a method is particularly useful for increasing corrosion resistance while avoiding zinc plating for windshield wiper joints made from low carbon Steel from "KETAL PROGRESS", June 1982, pages 11/12, known in this known In the process, nitrocarburizing, like a heat treatment, is carried out in the first place Line a nitrating component (ammonia), but also containing carbon Atmosphere at temperatures below the eutectic temperature of the iron-nitrogen system, dX below the Al point O The result is, among other things, high fatigue strength and a tough exterior. Layer of the component, which is then closer to a real is subjected to the oxidation process described.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 so auszubilden, daß es zur weiteren Lebensdauererhöhung von schwingungsbeanspruchten Bauteilen in korrosionsgefährdender, insbeFondere feuchter Atmosphäre Einsatz finden kann.The invention has for its object to provide a method according to the Form the preamble of claim 1 so that it can further increase the service life of components subject to vibration in corrosion-prone, especially humid areas Atmosphere can be used.
Derartigen Beanspruchungen unterliegen beispielsweise die Kolbenstangen von Stoß-bzw. Schwingungsdämpfern in Kraftfahrzeugen Bisher erfolgte bei derartigen Bauteilen zur Lebensdauererhöhung eine galvanische Hartverchromung, an die sich eine Glühbehandlung zur Vermeidung einer Wasserstoffversprödung anschließen mußte; abschließend erfolgte ein Oberflächenfinishen mit anschließender Maskierung. Dieses bekannte Verfahren besitzt mithin eine Reihe von Nachteilen, denn Chrom ist teuer und trägt als Schwermetall zur Umweltverschmutzung bei; die Qualität der Maskierung ist zerstörungsfrei nicht kontrollierbar, und zwecks Vemeidung verzögerter Sprödbrüche durch Wasserstoffversprödung ist eine Glühbehandlung erforderlich Es ist auch bekannt, statt galvanischer Verchromungsverfahren Salzbadnitrierverfahren anzuwenden, die cyanidhaltige und damit giftige Salzbäder und eine zweimalige Behandlung der Bauteile in Salzbädern erfordern. Im zweiten Salzbad erfolgt dabei auch eine Oberflächenoxydierung, bei der die Behandlungstemperatur auf 4000 C begrenzt ist Angesichts der Umweltbelastung geht aber der Trend i;2 Richtung Vermeidung von Salzbädern.The piston rods, for example, are subject to such stresses of impact or. Vibration dampers in motor vehicles so far took place in such Components have a galvanic hard chrome plating to increase their service life, to which an annealing treatment had to follow to avoid hydrogen embrittlement; Finally, the surface was finished with subsequent masking. This known processes therefore have a number of disadvantages, since chromium is expensive and contributes to environmental pollution as a heavy metal; the quality of the masking cannot be controlled non-destructively, and for the purpose of avoiding delayed brittle fractures annealing treatment is necessary due to hydrogen embrittlement It is also known instead of galvanic chrome-plating processes, salt bath nitriding processes should be used, which Salt baths containing cyanide and thus poisonous and the components are treated twice require in salt baths. Surface oxidation also takes place in the second salt bath, at which the treatment temperature is limited to 4000 C in view of the environmental pollution but the trend i; 2 goes towards avoiding salt baths.
Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung der oben definierten Aufgabe verwendet daher die im Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 angegebenen beiden Verfahrensschritte und besteht in der im kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Ausgestaltung dieses Verfahrens Ein erstes wesentliches Merkmal der Erfindung besteht also in der Wahl einer Nitrocarburierungs-Temperatur oberhalb des A1 -Punkts des EisenStickstoffJys+,ems Diese Temperatur soll aber nicht beliebig hoch liegen, sondern zweckmäßigerweise zwischen 600 und 6750 C, dJL unterhalb der Umwandlungstemperatur des Eisen-KShlenstoff-Systems, da bereits bei Temperaturen um 700° C die Eigenschaften des so behandelten Bauteils hinsichtlich Verschleißwiderstand und Schwingbelastbarkeit verschlechtert werden. Bei dieser Temperaturwahl bleibt das Kerngefüge des Bauteils unverändert, so daß die Maßänderungen des Bauteils vernachlässigbar sind Infolge dieser oberhalb des Al-Punkts des Fe-N-Systems liegenden Temperatur während des ersten Bebandlungssritts in Verbindung mit einer in erster Linie niet in renden Atmosphäre ergibt sich eine relativ dicke Nitridschicht mit einem hohem Stickstoffgehalt von 7 - 9 %.- Unterhalb dieser Nitridschicht, die eine verschleißfeste Verbindungsschicht mit wenigen Poren darstellt, zeigt-das Schliffbild eine Stickstoff-Austenitschicht mit einem Stickstoffgehalt von etwa 2 %. Durch in Wasserdampf bei Temperaturen zwischen 400 und 6000 C, bevorzugt werden 5000 C, erfolgendes Oxydieren bildet sich einerseits an der Oberfläche eine oxydische Korrosionsschutzschicht aus Fe3o4, und andererseits wandelt sich die Stickstoff-Austenitschicht in einen äußerst feinkörnigen Bainit um, woraus eine hohe Duktilität resultiert Verwendet man hierzu einen sauerstoffaffinen Auftragswerkstoff, zB. mit Silizium, Mangan, Chrom, Bor, Titan, Niob o so ergibt sich durch das Erwärmen eine Schicht aus dem Oxyd dieses Materials.The inventive solution to the problem defined above is used therefore the two process steps specified in the preamble of claim 1 and consists in the embodiment specified in the characterizing part of claim 1 this method is a first essential feature of the invention is the choice of a nitrocarburizing temperature above the A1 point of the iron nitrogen Jys +, ems However, this temperature should not be arbitrarily high, but expediently between 600 and 6750 C, dJL below the transition temperature of the iron-carbon system, because the properties of the component treated in this way are already at temperatures around 700 ° C in terms of wear resistance and vibration resistance are worsened. With this choice of temperature, the core structure of the component remains unchanged, so that the dimensional changes of the component are negligible as a result of these above the Al point of the Fe-N system lying temperature during the first treatment step in connection with a primarily riveting atmosphere results in a relatively thick nitride layer with a high Nitrogen content of 7 - 9% .- Below this nitride layer, which is a wear-resistant connecting layer shows with few pores, the micrograph shows a nitrogen-austenite layer with a nitrogen content of about 2%. By in water vapor at temperatures between 400 and 6000 C, preferably 5000 C, on the one hand, oxidation occurs on the surface an oxidic corrosion protection layer made of Fe3o4, and on the other hand the nitrogen-austenite layer changes into an extremely fine-grained bainite um, from which a high ductility results. If one uses an oxygen-affine one Application material, e.g. with silicon, manganese, chromium, boron, titanium, niobium o so results A layer of the oxide of this material is created by heating.
Aus dieser Beschreibung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens und der Vorgänge im Gefüge folgt, daß wesentlich für die Erfindung die nur durch die Kombination der beiden beschriebenen Verfahrensschritte mögliche Erzielung eines feinkörnigen Bainits nur in einer Schicht unterhalb der Verbindungszone ist, wobei der Kern des jeweiligen Bauteils unverändert bleibt Demgegenüber erfolgt zwar auch bei dem in "METAL PROGRESS" beschriebenen Verfahren die Bildung einer Verbindungsschicht mit etwa 8 X Stickstoffgehalt, aber keine bainitische Zwischenschicht, wie sie für die Schwingungsfestigkeit günstig L.From this description of the method according to the invention and the operations in structure it follows that essential for the invention only through the combination of the two process steps described possible to achieve a fine-grained Bainite is only in one layer below the connection zone, with the core of the respective component remains unchanged "METAL PROGRESS" described method using the formation of a connecting layer about 8X nitrogen content, but no bainitic interlayer as it is for the Vibration resistance favorable L.
Im "HanOuch der Sonderstahlkunde" von Houdremont, 3. Auflage, zweiter Band, Seite 1349, wird eine Oberflächenbehandlung im Salzbad mit Eisenzyankali bei 600 und G1O C angegeben, die als Garbonitrieren, also offenbar mit Betonung des Kohlenstotfgehalts, bezeichnet wird und am Rand des Bauteils Kohlenstoffgehalte von 1,1 - 1,9 % sowie Stickstoffgehalte von 1,1 - 1,3 X (also erheblich niedriger als beim erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren) zur Folge hat Hier wird jedoch im Randbereich nach anschließender Härtung Martensithärte eiiielt, und auch. im Kern soll eine Umwandlung erfolgen Insbesondere bei höher legierten Stählen wird dort als Gefahr eine Erhöhung des Restaustenitgehalts angesas* Uber einen anschließenden Oxydierungsschritt ist in dieser Literaturstelle nichts gesagt Bevorzu wird gemäß Patentanspruch 2 als Oxydierungsschritt ein Erwärmen im Wasserdampf, wie dies als Anlassen- im Anschluß an das Badnitrieren von spanenden, gehärteten Schneliarbeitsstahlwerkzeugen an sich aus TEW-Technische Berichte, 1975, Heft 2, Seiten 136 ff., bekannt ist. Dies schließt jedoch nicht aus, gemäß Patentanspruch 3 zur Oxydierung die Oberfläche des jeweiligen Bauteils mit einer sauerstoffaffinen, beispielsweise pastenartigen Schicht zu bedecken Zwischen den beiden beschriebenen Verfahrensschritten kann es zwecks Glättens der Oberfläche vorteilhaft sein, gemäß Anspruch 7 einen Läppvorgang vorzusehen.In the "HanOuch der Sonderstahlkunde" by Houdremont, 3rd edition, second Volume, page 1349, describes a surface treatment in a salt bath with iron kyankali 600 and G1O C are given as carbonitriding, so apparently with an emphasis on Carbon content, and carbon content on the edge of the component of 1.1 - 1.9% and nitrogen contents of 1.1 - 1.3 X (i.e. considerably lower than in the method according to the invention) here, however, is in the edge area after subsequent hardening, it has a martensite hardness, and also. at its core is supposed to be a Conversion takes place in particular with higher alloyed steels there is a danger an increase in the retained austenite content via a subsequent oxidation step nothing is said in this reference Is preferred according to claim 2 as the oxidation step, heating in steam, as is the case with tempering Connection to the bath nitriding of cutting, hardened high-speed steel tools per se from TEW Technical Reports, 1975, Issue 2, pages 136 ff., is known. However, this does not rule out the possibility of oxidizing the surface of the respective component with an oxygen-affine, for example paste-like Layer to cover It can be between the two process steps described be advantageous for the purpose of smoothing the surface, a lapping process according to claim 7 to be provided.
Beispiel: Eine Kolbenstange aus C45 wird nach mechanischer Bearbeitung 2 Stunden bei 630" C nitrocarburiert in einer je 50 % Ammoniak und Endogas. enthaltenden Atmosphäre; anschließend wird in Öl bei ca. 800 C abgelöscht. Nach dem Läppen (rauhtiefe z.B. kleiner als 2pm) wird die Kolbenstange bei 5000 C einer Wasserdampfbehandlung für eine Stunde unterzoger, danach Abkühlung an Luft Das Anwendungsgebiet des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist verständlicherweise sehr breit In der Automobiltechnik kann es beispielsweise auch für Teile von Aus puffanlagen von Brennkraftmaschinen, für Schraubenfedern oder für Außenteile Einsatz finden.Example: A piston rod made of C45 is made after mechanical processing 2 hours at 630 "C nitrocarburized in a 50% ammonia and endogas The atmosphere; then it is quenched in oil at approx. 800 C. After lapping (rough depth e.g. less than 2pm) the piston rod undergoes steam treatment at 5000 C. Subjected for one hour, then cooling in air. The field of application of the invention Process is understandably very broad In automotive engineering, for example also for parts of exhaust systems of internal combustion engines, for coil springs or can be used for external parts.
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19823225686 DE3225686C2 (en) | 1982-07-09 | 1982-07-09 | Process for heat treatment of the surface of a component |
| JP12357683A JPS5923869A (en) | 1982-07-09 | 1983-07-08 | Heat treatment on structural member surface |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19823225686 DE3225686C2 (en) | 1982-07-09 | 1982-07-09 | Process for heat treatment of the surface of a component |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE3225686A1 true DE3225686A1 (en) | 1984-01-12 |
| DE3225686C2 DE3225686C2 (en) | 1990-05-10 |
Family
ID=6168015
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19823225686 Expired DE3225686C2 (en) | 1982-07-09 | 1982-07-09 | Process for heat treatment of the surface of a component |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5923869A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3225686C2 (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3502143A1 (en) * | 1984-01-23 | 1985-08-01 | Nippon Piston Ring Co., Ltd., Tokio/Tokyo | STEEL PISTON RING |
| US5307768A (en) * | 1992-08-17 | 1994-05-03 | Volkswagen Ag | Camshaft arrangement having angularly movable cams |
| EP0733720A1 (en) * | 1995-03-22 | 1996-09-25 | August Bilstein GmbH | Surface treated piston |
| EP0753599A1 (en) * | 1995-07-11 | 1997-01-15 | METAPLAS IONON Oberflächenveredelungstechnik GmbH | Method and apparatus for producing corrosion and wear resistant protective coatings on iron based substrates |
| DE10127020A1 (en) * | 2001-06-01 | 2002-12-12 | Federal Mogul Friedberg Gmbh | Piston ring with an oxide-nitride composite layer |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4679706A (en) * | 1984-10-29 | 1987-07-14 | Enviro-Spray Systems, Inc. | Dispensing system with inflatable bag propelling mechanism and separate product gas phase |
| JPS61186469A (en) * | 1985-02-15 | 1986-08-20 | Tokyo Netsu Shiyori Kogyo Kk | Combined heat treating method |
| DE4322246B4 (en) * | 1992-08-17 | 2004-01-29 | Volkswagen Ag | Camshaft arrangement with at least one cam that is pivotably supported by a shaft |
| DE19500576C2 (en) * | 1994-03-16 | 1996-07-11 | Schaeffler Waelzlager Kg | Process for the thermochemical treatment of thin-walled components |
| US7621201B2 (en) * | 2008-03-05 | 2009-11-24 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Hot forming tools for aluminum and magnesium sheets |
| FR2942241B1 (en) * | 2009-02-18 | 2011-10-21 | Hydromecanique & Frottement | METHOD FOR PROCESSING PIECES FOR KITCHEN UTENSILS |
| CN110777323A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-02-11 | 上海大学 | Combined treatment method of gas nitrocarburizing and post-oxidation process |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DD119822A1 (en) * | 1975-06-20 | 1976-05-12 | ||
| GB2015580A (en) * | 1978-01-20 | 1979-09-12 | Neill Holding Ltd J | Recarburising ferrous materials |
| DE2930165A1 (en) * | 1979-07-25 | 1981-01-29 | Degussa | METHOD FOR NITRATING STEEL AND CAST IRON |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS53371A (en) * | 1976-06-23 | 1978-01-05 | Lec Kk | Mounting piece |
| JPS55125267A (en) * | 1979-03-22 | 1980-09-26 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Surface treating method of improving abrasion resistance and corrosion resistance of iron and steel |
| JPS5631965A (en) * | 1979-08-27 | 1981-03-31 | Yuuzou Takahashi | Concrete form for making geometrical pattern on wall surface |
-
1982
- 1982-07-09 DE DE19823225686 patent/DE3225686C2/en not_active Expired
-
1983
- 1983-07-08 JP JP12357683A patent/JPS5923869A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DD119822A1 (en) * | 1975-06-20 | 1976-05-12 | ||
| GB2015580A (en) * | 1978-01-20 | 1979-09-12 | Neill Holding Ltd J | Recarburising ferrous materials |
| DE2930165A1 (en) * | 1979-07-25 | 1981-01-29 | Degussa | METHOD FOR NITRATING STEEL AND CAST IRON |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| DE-Z.: HTM, 20, 1965, H. 1, S. 48 * |
| DE-Z.: HTM, 30, 1975, H. 1, S. 31 * |
| DE-Z.: HTM, 37, 1982, H. 2, S. 93-94 * |
| DE-Z.: Z. für wirtschaftliche Fertigung 64, 1969, H. 11, S. 577-587 * |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3502143A1 (en) * | 1984-01-23 | 1985-08-01 | Nippon Piston Ring Co., Ltd., Tokio/Tokyo | STEEL PISTON RING |
| US5307768A (en) * | 1992-08-17 | 1994-05-03 | Volkswagen Ag | Camshaft arrangement having angularly movable cams |
| EP0733720A1 (en) * | 1995-03-22 | 1996-09-25 | August Bilstein GmbH | Surface treated piston |
| US5679411A (en) * | 1995-07-10 | 1997-10-21 | Metaplas Ionon Oberflachenveredelungstechnik Gmbh | Method for producing a corrosion and wear resistant coating on iron materials |
| EP0753599A1 (en) * | 1995-07-11 | 1997-01-15 | METAPLAS IONON Oberflächenveredelungstechnik GmbH | Method and apparatus for producing corrosion and wear resistant protective coatings on iron based substrates |
| DE10127020A1 (en) * | 2001-06-01 | 2002-12-12 | Federal Mogul Friedberg Gmbh | Piston ring with an oxide-nitride composite layer |
| US6726216B2 (en) | 2001-06-01 | 2004-04-27 | Federal-Mogul Friedberg Gmbh | Piston ring with oxide-nitride composite layer |
| DE10127020B4 (en) * | 2001-06-01 | 2004-07-08 | Federal-Mogul Friedberg Gmbh | Piston ring with an oxide-nitride composite layer |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5923869A (en) | 1984-02-07 |
| JPH0568538B2 (en) | 1993-09-29 |
| DE3225686C2 (en) | 1990-05-10 |
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