DE3135008A1 - Novel vanadium complexes of the oxo type, processes for their preparation and their use as reaction components and as oxidation catalysts for unsaturated hydrocarbon substrates - Google Patents
Novel vanadium complexes of the oxo type, processes for their preparation and their use as reaction components and as oxidation catalysts for unsaturated hydrocarbon substratesInfo
- Publication number
- DE3135008A1 DE3135008A1 DE19813135008 DE3135008A DE3135008A1 DE 3135008 A1 DE3135008 A1 DE 3135008A1 DE 19813135008 DE19813135008 DE 19813135008 DE 3135008 A DE3135008 A DE 3135008A DE 3135008 A1 DE3135008 A1 DE 3135008A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- oxide
- acid
- group
- methyl
- complexes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 22
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims description 17
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 title description 23
- 150000003681 vanadium Chemical class 0.000 title description 8
- -1 iodine, Carboxylate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 25
- SIOXPEMLGUPBBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N picolinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=N1 SIOXPEMLGUPBBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N divanadium pentaoxide Chemical compound O=[V](=O)O[V](=O)=O GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229940081066 picolinic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- GNOIPBMMFNIUFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylphosphoric triamide Chemical compound CN(C)P(=O)(N(C)C)N(C)C GNOIPBMMFNIUFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Niacin Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- TWBYWOBDOCUKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N isonicotinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=NC=C1 TWBYWOBDOCUKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- ILVXOBCQQYKLDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine N-oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]1=CC=CC=C1 ILVXOBCQQYKLDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylmorpholine Chemical compound CN1CCOCC1 SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- FIQMHBFVRAXMOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphane oxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 FIQMHBFVRAXMOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007248 oxidative elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Dimethylaminopyridine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960003512 nicotinic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000001968 nicotinic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003682 vanadium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005287 vanadyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- NRKQBMOGOKEWPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadyl nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)O[V](=O)(O[N+]([O-])=O)O[N+]([O-])=O NRKQBMOGOKEWPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NMMIHXMBOZYNET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl picolinate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=N1 NMMIHXMBOZYNET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 3
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen thiocyanate Natural products SC#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 3
- YXTROGRGRSPWKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzoylpiperidine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)N1CCCCC1 YXTROGRGRSPWKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MCTWTZJPVLRJOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-1H-imidazole Chemical compound CN1C=CN=C1 MCTWTZJPVLRJOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IWYYIZOHWPCALJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1-oxidopyridin-1-ium Chemical class CC1=CC=[N+]([O-])C=C1 IWYYIZOHWPCALJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FKNQCJSGGFJEIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylpyridine Chemical class CC1=CC=NC=C1 FKNQCJSGGFJEIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bipyridyl Chemical compound N1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Thiocyanate anion Chemical compound [S-]C#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- HOPRXXXSABQWAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous collidine Natural products CC1=CC=NC(C)=C1C HOPRXXXSABQWAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001558 benzoic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005518 carboxamido group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- UTBIMNXEDGNJFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N collidine Natural products CC1=CC=C(C)C(C)=N1 UTBIMNXEDGNJFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DMSZORWOGDLWGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ctk1a3526 Chemical compound NP(N)(N)=O DMSZORWOGDLWGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- JPZWFTMPXWHNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo-$l^{5}-stibane Chemical compound [SbH3]=O JPZWFTMPXWHNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Inorganic materials [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004965 peroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- GFYHSKONPJXCDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N sym-collidine Natural products CC1=CN=C(C)C(C)=C1 GFYHSKONPJXCDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001302 tertiary amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M triflate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylamine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)CCC YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UUUGYDOQQLOJQA-UHFFFAOYSA-L vanadyl sulfate Chemical compound [V+2]=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O UUUGYDOQQLOJQA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000352 vanadyl sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- GGYVTHJIUNGKFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylpiperidin-2-one Chemical compound CN1CCCCC1=O GGYVTHJIUNGKFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- JMVIVASFFKKFQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenylpyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCN1C1=CC=CC=C1 JMVIVASFFKKFQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- XNMYNYSCEJBRPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(3-butyl-1-isoquinolinyl)oxy]-N,N-dimethylethanamine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(OCCN(C)C)=NC(CCCC)=CC2=C1 XNMYNYSCEJBRPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- ZWXPDGCFMMFNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylcaprolactam Chemical compound CN1CCCCCC1=O ZWXPDGCFMMFNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- PEGCITODQASXKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [methyl(phenyl)phosphoryl]benzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(=O)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 PEGCITODQASXKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- RBFQJDQYXXHULB-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsane Chemical compound [AsH3] RBFQJDQYXXHULB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003857 carboxamides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- NTWZKDSMPFHONS-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylphosphorylbenzene Chemical compound CCP(=O)(CC)C1=CC=CC=C1 NTWZKDSMPFHONS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- LRMLWYXJORUTBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylphosphorylmethane Chemical compound CP(C)(C)=O LRMLWYXJORUTBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- RIBJLXBLWQKWLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylstiborylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[Sb](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIBJLXBLWQKWLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002432 hydroperoxides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- IMNDHOCGZLYMRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylbenzamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 IMNDHOCGZLYMRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000864 peroxy group Chemical group O(O*)* 0.000 claims 1
- OHFDBBFDFZXHJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylarsane Chemical compound [AsH2]C1=CC=CC=C1 OHFDBBFDFZXHJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCN1 HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- LOAUVZALPPNFOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinaldic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 LOAUVZALPPNFOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- SBYHFKPVCBCYGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinuclidine Chemical compound C1CC2CCN1CC2 SBYHFKPVCBCYGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229940041260 vanadyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 18
- HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical compound CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 11
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- HGCIXCUEYOPUTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexene Chemical compound C1CCC=CC1 HGCIXCUEYOPUTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 125000003963 dichloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-ethylbenzaldehyde Natural products CCC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamide Chemical compound CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrolein Chemical compound C=CC=O HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XVDBWWRIXBMVJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[bis(dimethylamino)phosphanyl]-n-methylmethanamine Chemical compound CN(C)P(N(C)C)N(C)C XVDBWWRIXBMVJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)Cl SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- AWMVMTVKBNGEAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene oxide Chemical compound C1OC1C1=CC=CC=C1 AWMVMTVKBNGEAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- ZTEHTGMWGUKFNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 3-[[2-(diaminomethylideneamino)-1,3-thiazol-4-yl]methylsulfanyl]propanimidate Chemical compound COC(=N)CCSCC1=CSC(N=C(N)N)=N1 ZTEHTGMWGUKFNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002924 oxiranes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 3
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- ZSQCNVWYBBKUHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3-dimethylphenyl)-phenylmethanone Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C(=O)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1C ZSQCNVWYBBKUHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DYRUVFJAAMUHRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3-diphenylphenyl)-phenylmethanone Chemical compound C=1C=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 DYRUVFJAAMUHRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M (z)-4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M 0.000 description 2
- RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1Cl RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CHLICZRVGGXEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Methoxy-4-methylbenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1 CHLICZRVGGXEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- CFZKDDTWZYUZKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N picoline N-oxide Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=[N+]1[O-] CFZKDDTWZYUZKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IUGYQRQAERSCNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pivalic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C(O)=O IUGYQRQAERSCNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QRDZFPUVLYEQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinoline-8-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(C(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 QRDZFPUVLYEQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010405 reoxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N ricinelaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003656 ricinoleic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ricinoleic acid Natural products CCCCCCC(O[Si](C)(C)C)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- IRFHMTUHTBSEBK-QGZVFWFLSA-N tert-butyl n-[(2s)-2-(2,5-difluorophenyl)-3-quinolin-3-ylpropyl]carbamate Chemical compound C1([C@H](CC=2C=C3C=CC=CC3=NC=2)CNC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)=CC(F)=CC=C1F IRFHMTUHTBSEBK-QGZVFWFLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-Stilbene Natural products C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-ONEGZZNKSA-N trans-but-2-ene Chemical compound C\C=C\C IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-ONEGZZNKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UYPYRKYUKCHHIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine N-oxide Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)[O-] UYPYRKYUKCHHIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMBHCYHQLYEYDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioctylphosphine oxide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCP(=O)(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC ZMBHCYHQLYEYDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HVYVMSPIJIWUNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylstibine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1[Sb](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 HVYVMSPIJIWUNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002424 x-ray crystallography Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/18—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms
- B01J31/1845—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms the ligands containing phosphorus
- B01J31/185—Phosphites ((RO)3P), their isomeric phosphonates (R(RO)2P=O) and RO-substitution derivatives thereof
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- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
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- B01J31/1805—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms the ligands containing nitrogen
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- B01J31/1845—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms the ligands containing phosphorus
- B01J31/1875—Phosphinites (R2P(OR), their isomeric phosphine oxides (R3P=O) and RO-substitution derivatives thereof)
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- B01J31/1895—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms the ligands containing arsenic or antimony
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- B01J31/22—Organic complexes
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- B01J31/2226—Anionic ligands, i.e. the overall ligand carries at least one formal negative charge
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- C07D301/03—Synthesis of the oxirane ring by oxidation of unsaturated compounds, or of mixtures of unsaturated and saturated compounds
- C07D301/04—Synthesis of the oxirane ring by oxidation of unsaturated compounds, or of mixtures of unsaturated and saturated compounds with air or molecular oxygen
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Description
PATENTANWALTPATENT ADVOCATE
Akte 4487File 4487
-g--G-
6800 MANNHEIM 1. 3 .Γ·6Τ.>ΐβ::ι1ίΟΓ Τ6800 MANNHEIM 1. 3 .Γ · 6Τ.> Ϊ́β :: ι1ίΟΓ Τ
Seckenhelmer Straße 36 a · 'S1 C 06 21) 406315Seckenhelmer Strasse 36 a 'S 1 C 06 21) 406315
Postscheck: frenkfurt/M. Nr. 8293-603 Postal check: frenkfurt / M. No. 8293-603
Bank: Deutschs Bank Mannheim (BLZ 67070010) Nr 7200066 Bank: Deutschs Bank Mannheim (BLZ 67070010) No. 7200066
Telex 463570 Para D Telex 463570 Para D.
Institut Prancais du Petrole 4, Avenue de Bois-PrSau 925o2 Rueil-Malmaison FrankreichInstitut Prancais du Petrole 4, avenue de Bois-PrSau 925o2 Rueil-Malmaison France
Neue Vanadium-Komplexe vom Oxo-Typ, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung sowie ihre Verwendung als Reaktionskomponenten und als Oxydationskatalysatoren für ungesättigte Kohlenwasserstoff-Substrate "New Oxo-Type Vanadium Complexes, Process for their production and their use as reaction components and as oxidation catalysts for unsaturated hydrocarbon substrates "
- JV -- JV -
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft neue Oxo- oder Dioxo—Komplexe des Vanadiums, ihre Herstellung sowie ihre Verwendung als Reaktionskompontenten und als Katalysatoren für die Umwandlung von ungesättigten Kohlenwasserstoffen, insbesondere zur Umwandlung von olefinischen Verbindungen zu Epoxyden, cc,/}-ungesättigten Alkoholen oder Ketonen bzw· Produkten der oxydierenden Spaltung·The present invention relates to new oxo or Dioxo complexes of vanadium, their production and their use as reaction components and as Catalysts for the conversion of unsaturated hydrocarbons, especially for the conversion of olefinic compounds to epoxides, cc, /} - unsaturated Alcohols or ketones or products of oxidative cleavage
Als Oxo- oder Dioxo-Komplexe bezeichnet man Metallverbindungen, in denen das Metall an ein Sauerstoffatom gebunden ist, das zwei negative Ladungen trägtOxo or dioxo complexes are metal compounds in which the metal is attached to an oxygen atom is bound, which carries two negative charges
2—
(0 ); die Definition ist im Artikel von W,P·
Griffith, Coordination Chemistry Reviews.,- 197o,
5 S. 4-59» angegeben.2—
(0); the definition is given in the article by W, P. Griffith, Coordination Chemistry Reviews., - 197o, 5 pp. 4-59 ".
Die erfindungsgemäßen Komplexe haben die allgemeine FormelThe complexes according to the invention have the general formula
O2 Z Ln L%]O 2 ZL n L%]
V in welcher 0 ein dianionisches Sauerstoffatom ist, V in which 0 is a dianionic oxygen atom,
das mit dem Metall Vanadium V nach der Oxo- oder 2o Dioxo-Weise verbunden ist, Z eine Anion oder eine monoanionische Mono- oder Multidendate Gruppe ist, L und L1 gleich oder verschieden sind und jeweils einen Mono- oder Multidendaten Liganden mit elektronen lieferndem Charakter bedeuten; η und m sind 25 gleich oder verschieden und jeweils 0 oder eine ganzewhich is connected to the metal vanadium V in the oxo or 2o dioxo manner, Z is an anion or a monoanionic mono- or multidate group, L and L 1 are identical or different and each has a mono- or multidate ligand with an electron donor Signify character; η and m are the same or different and each is 0 or a whole
Zahl von 1 oder 2, ρ ist gleich 1 oder 2, aber die Komplexe können entweder in monomerer Form (p « 1) oder in dimerer Form (p « 2) existieren, wobei die beiden Formeln jedoch im Gleichgewicht gemäß Gleichung i stehen kÖnnenrNumber of 1 or 2, ρ is equal to 1 or 2, but the Complexes can either be in monomeric form (p «1) or exist in dimeric form (p« 2), however, the two formulas are in equilibrium according to equation i can stand no
( mit ρ = D (mit' ρ■ = 2)(with ρ = D (with 'ρ ■ = 2)
Zahlreiche Anionen oder anionische Mono- oder Multidendate Gruppen können für die Synthese der oben genannten Komplexe verwendet werden· Z wird dann z.B. aus einer der folgenden 4- Gruppen a).bis d) gewählt:Numerous anions or anionic mono- or multidendates Groups can be used for the synthesis of the above complexes. Z is then e.g. selected from one of the following 4 groups a). to d):
a) Ein Anion, wie Fuor, Chlor, Brom, Jod, ein Carboxylat, z.B. ein Azetat oder Trifluoracetat, ein Gyanidion (CN -), Thiocyanat (SCN -), Isocyanat (NCO -), Nitrat oder Perchlorat oder SuI-fonat oder Methansulfonat oder Trifluormethansulfonat etc..a) An anion such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine Carboxylate, e.g. an acetate or trifluoroacetate, a gyanide ion (CN -), thiocyanate (SCN -), isocyanate (NCO -), nitrate or perchlorate or sulfonate or methanesulfonate or trifluoromethanesulfonate Etc..
b) Eine mono- oder polyaromätische hetfcozyklische Stickstoffverbindung, welche.neben dem Stickstoffatom eine Carboxylgruppe trägt und gegebenenfallsb) A mono- or polyaromatic hetfcocyclic Nitrogen compound, which. Besides the nitrogen atom carries a carboxyl group and optionally
durch eine oder mehrere Gruppen Y substituiert ist, . wobei T Alkyl, Aryl., Alkyloxy, Aryloxy, Nitro oderis substituted by one or more groups Y, . where T is alkyl, aryl., alkyloxy, aryloxy, nitro or
Halogen, Carboxyl, Ester, Carboxamia, Hydroxyl be- j deutet, wobei diese Gruppen T eine oder mehrere ■Halogen, carboxyl, ester, carboxamia, hydroxyl be j indicates, with these groups T one or more ■
beliebige Positionen des oder der gewählten aro- ! any position of the selected aro- !
matischen Rest nach der folgenden lOrmel einnehmen kannTake the remainder according to the following formula can
COOHCOOH
Als Beispiele für verschiedene Mono- oder Polyar©* matische Verbindungen seien genannt: Picolinsäure, 2,3 -, 2,4- -, 2,5 - oder 2,6 - Pyridin-Dicarbonsäure,Examples of various mono- or polyaromatic compounds are: picolinic acid, 2,3 -, 2,4 -, 2,5 - or 2,6 - pyridine dicarboxylic acid,
ο Chinolin-2 und 8-Carbonsäure, Isochinolin-1- oder 3-Carbonsäure, 4·,6— oder 2,6-Dihydroxypicolinsäure, 3-, 4-, 5- und 6-Chlorpicolinsäure, 3-» 4— t 5- oder 6-Methyl-Picolinsäure, 3-» 4—» 5- oder 6-Phenyl-Picolinsäure, 1,2-¥ 1,3- oder 1,^-Pyrazin-2 Carbon— säure, Pyridin -2,3, 2·,4-,2,5- oder 2,6-Mcarbonsäure-Monoalkyl- oder Arylester.ο quinoline-2 and 8-carboxylic acid, isoquinoline-1 or 3-carboxylic acid, 4, 6 or 2,6-dihydroxypicolinic acid, 3-, 4-, 5- and 6-chloropicolinic acid, 3- »4- t 5 - 6-methyl-picolinic acid, 3- "4-" 5- or 6-phenyl-picolinic acid, 1,2- 1,3- or ¥ 1, or ^ - pyrazine-2 carboxylic acid, pyridine -2,3, 2, 4-, 2,5- or 2,6-carboxylic acid monoalkyl or aryl esters.
c) eine Mono- oder polyaromatische hei£rocyklische K-Oxyd-Verbindung, welche neben dem Stickstoff eine Carboxylgruppe trägt und gegebenenfalls mit einer oder mehreren Gruppen Y substituiert ist,c) a mono- or polyaromatic hot cyclic K-oxide compound, which in addition to nitrogen carries a carboxyl group and is optionally substituted by one or more groups Y,
die aus der Gruppe Alkyl, Aryl, Alkyloxy, Aryloxy, Nitro, Halogen, Carboxyl, Carboxamido, Hydroxyl gewählt sind, wobei diese Gruppen Y eine oderthose from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl, alkyloxy, aryloxy, nitro, halogen, carboxyl, carboxamido, hydroxyl are selected, these groups Y being an or
mehrere beliebige Positionen des oder der gewählten aromatischen Kerne nach der folgenden Formel besitzen können.any number of positions of the selected aromatic nucleus (s) according to the following Can own formula.
COOHCOOH
Als Beispiele seien genannt: Picolinsäure-H-Oxyd, Chinolin-2- oder 8-Carbonsäure-N-Oxyd, Pyridin-2,3-, 2,4-, 2,5- oder 2,6-Dicarbonsäure-Ii-Oxyd.Examples include: picolinic acid H oxide, Quinoline-2- or 8-carboxylic acid-N-oxide, pyridine-2,3-, 2,4-, 2,5- or 2,6-dicarboxylic acid-II-oxide.
d) Derivate der Benzoesäure, die in Orthostellung zur Carbonsäuregruppe durch eine tertiäre Aminogruppe oder ein eine substituierte Amido— gruppe substituiert sind.d) Derivatives of benzoic acid, which are in the ortho position to the carboxylic acid group by a tertiary Amino group or a substituted amido group are substituted.
COOHCOOH
COOHCOOH
Hierbei sind R^ und R£ gleich oder verschieden und bedeuten jeweils Alkyl, Aryl mit 1 bis 2o Kohlenstoffatomen. Als Beispiele seien genannt; N, F-Dimethylanthranilsäure und 2-Carboxy-H, N-Dimethylbenzoamid. Here, R ^ and R £ are the same or different and each denotes alkyl, aryl with 1 to 2o carbon atoms. Examples are; N, F-dimethylanthranilic acid and 2-carboxy-H, N-dimethylbenzoamide.
L und L1 sind gegebenenfalls mit einem Wasserstoffatom verknüpft, In den Komplexen V Op Z I_ L1 sind L und L1 gleich oder verschieden und bedeuten jeweils einen Liganden mit elektronen lieferdem Charakter aus der folgenden Gruppe:L and L 1 are optionally linked to a hydrogen atom. In the complexes V Op Z I_ L 1 , L and L 1 are identical or different and each represent a ligand with an electron-supplying character from the following group:
a) Ein tertiäres Amin der Formel N R1JR'pR',,- in welcher E1^j, R'p und R1, gleich oder verschieden sind und jeweils eine Alkyl-, Aryl-, Aralkyl- oder Alkylaryl-Gruppe mit 1 bis 2o Kohlenstoffatomen bedeuten· Als Beispiele seien genannt: Triethylamin, Tri-n-Propylamin, Tributylamin, Triethanolamin, N-Methylmorpholin, N-Methylpiperidin, Chinu-a) A tertiary amine of the formula N R 1 JR'pR ',, - in which E 1 ^ j, R'p and R 1 , are identical or different and are each an alkyl, aryl, aralkyl or alkylaryl group with 1 to 2o carbon atoms as examples are: triethylamine, tri-n-propylamine, tributylamine, triethanolamine, N-methylmorpholine, N-methylpiperidine, quinu-
Λ5 clidin, Λ5 clidin,
b) ein aromatisches Amin, das eine oder mehrere gegebenenfalls miteinander verknüpfte Benzolkerne und ein oder mehrere Stickstoffatome pro Kern trägt· Als Beispiele seien genannt: Pyridin,b) an aromatic amine, one or more optionally benzene nuclei linked to one another and one or more nitrogen atoms per nucleus Examples include: pyridine,
2o Chinolin, Acridin, 2-, 3-.und 4-Picoline, Collidin, 4-Dimethylaminopyridin, Picolinsäure, Hethyl-Picolinat, Nicotinsäure, Isonicotinsäure, N-Methyl-Imidazol, 2, 2'-Bipyridin und Orthophenantrolin, 2o quinoline, acridine, 2-, 3- and 4-picolines, Collidine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine, picolinic acid, Methyl picolinate, nicotinic acid, isonicotinic acid, N-methyl-imidazole, 2, 2'-bipyridine and orthophenantroline,
c) ein geradkettiges oder zyklisches tertiäresc) a straight-chain or cyclic tertiary
Amid der Formel R11^ CO N R* 'g R1', " f in welcherAmide of the formula R 11 ^ CO NR * 'g R 1 ', " f in which
j ^11X gleich oder verschieden sind und jeweils einen Kohlenstoffrest mit 1 bis 2o Kohlenstoffatomen bedeuten, wobei auch mindestens zwei dieser Reste R11^, R1 *£ und R"* zusammen einen Zyklus mit 4- bis 3o Kohlenstoffatomen bilden können. Als Beispiele seien genannt: Dirnethylfarmanid, Dimethylacetamid, N, li-Dimethyl-Benz^amid, N, N-Diethyl-Wicotinamid, bis N, N-Diethylphthalimid, N-Acetyl-Morpholin, N-Benzoylpiperidin, N-Formylpiperidin, N-Acetylpiperidin, N-Methylpyrrolidon, N-Ethylpyrrolidon, N-Phenylpyrrolidön, N'-Methyl-Valerolactam, N-Methyl-j ^ 11 X are identical or different and each represent a carbon radical with 1 to 2o carbon atoms, at least two of these radicals R 11 ^, R 1 * £ and R "* can together form a cycle with 4 to 3o carbon atoms Examples are: Dimethylfarmanid, Dimethylacetamid, N, li-Dimethyl-Benz ^ amid, N, N-Diethyl-Wicotinamid, bis N, N-Diethylphthalimid, N-Acetyl-Morpholin, N-Benzoylpiperidin, N-Formylpiperidin, N-Acetylpiperidin , N-methylpyrrolidone, N-ethylpyrrolidone, N-phenylpyrrolidön, N'-methyl-valerolactam, N-methyl-
15 Caprolactam.15 caprolactam.
d) Ein Phosphoramid der Formel (R111^j R11^ N), PO1 in welcher R111^, R11^2 gleich oder verschieden sind und jeweils ein Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 1 bis 2o Kohlenstoffatomen bedeuten. Als Beispiele seien genannt: Hexamethyl-Phosphortriamid, Hexaethyl-Phosphortriamid und Octamethyl-Pyrophosphoramid. d) A phosphoramide of the formula (R 111 ^ j R 11 ^ N), PO 1 in which R 111 ^, R 11 ^ 2 are identical or different and each represent a hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 2o carbon atoms. Examples are: hexamethyl-phosphorus triamide, hexaethyl-phosphorus triamide and octamethyl-pyrophosphoramide.
e) Ein aliphatisches oder aromatisches Aminoxyd wie Trimethylaminoxyd, N-Methylmorpholinoxyd, Pyridinoxid, 2-, 3- und 4-Picolin-Oxyde, Ohinolinoxyd,e) An aliphatic or aromatic amine oxide such as trimethylamine oxide, N-methylmorpholine oxide, pyridine oxide, 2-, 3- and 4-picolin oxide, ohinoline oxide,
~ds-~ ds-
2, 2»-Bipyridin-N-0xyd.2.2 "-Bipyridine-N-Oxyd.
f) Ein Phosphinoxyd, Arsinoxyd oder Stibinoxyd, wie Triphenylpho sphinoxyd, Triphenylarsinoxydt Triphenyl-Stibin«-Oxyd, Trimethylphosphinoxyd, Methyl-Diphenyl-Phospinoxyd, Diethyl—Pbenyl-Phosphinoxyd und Trimorpholinophosphinoxyd.f) a phosphine oxide, or Arsinoxyd Stibinoxyd as Triphenylpho sphinoxyd, Triphenylarsinoxyd t triphenyl stibine "-Oxyd, Trimethylphosphinoxyd, methyl-diphenyl-Phospinoxyd, diethyl Pbenyl-phosphine oxide and Trimorpholinophosphinoxyd.
Ill Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Komplexe III preparation of the complexes according to the invention
Die Herstellung der KomplexeThe manufacture of the complexes
·» ΛΑ «U· » ΛΑ « U
P kann in verschiedener Weise durchgeführt werden. Im allgemeinen läßt man eine Vanadiumverbindung mitP can be carried out in a number of ways. in the generally one leaves a vanadium compound with
Z und den basischen Liganden L und L1 gegebenenfalls in Anwesenheit eines Oxydationsmittels reagieren, das z.B. aus der Gruppe molekularer Sauerstoff, Ozon oder einer Peroxydverbindung wie Wasserstoffperoxyd,Z and the basic ligands L and L 1 optionally react in the presence of an oxidizing agent, which, for example, from the group of molecular oxygen, ozone or a peroxide compound such as hydrogen peroxide,
15 einer Per säure oder einem Hydroperoxyd gewählt wird. Die als Aus gangs verbindung verwendete Vanadiumverbindung ist z.B. Vanadinsäureanhydrid V2Oc, Vanadium-Acetylacetonat V (Acetylacetonat), oder VO (Acetylacetonat)2, ein Vanadylalkoholat VO (OR),, Vanadyl-15 a per acid or a hydroperoxide is chosen. The vanadium compound used as the starting compound is, for example , vanadic anhydride V 2 Oc, vanadium acetylacetonate V (acetylacetonate), or VO (acetylacetonate) 2 , a vanadyl alcoholate VO (OR) ,, vanadyl
2o sulfat VOSO4, Vanadylnitrat VO (NO,),, Vanadylehlorid VO Cl,, ein Vanadyl-Alkyldithiocarbamat VO (R2N CS2),«2o sulfate VOSO4, vanadyl nitrate VO (NO,) ,, vanadyl chloride VO Cl ,, a vanadyl alkyl dithiocarbamate VO (R 2 N CS 2 ), «
Das Molverhältnis £/V ist vorzugsweise mindestens gleich 1 und höchstens gleich 5 und das MolverhältnisThe molar ratio £ / V is preferably at least equal to 1 and at most equal to 5 and the molar ratio
-■'46-- ■ '46 -
L und Lf/V ist vorzugsweise mindestens gleich 1 und höchstens gleich 5·L and L f / V is preferably at least equal to 1 and at most equal to 5
Eine spezielle Herstellungsmethode besteht darin, daß man in einem chlorierten Lösungsmittel, wie z.B.A special method of preparation is that in a chlorinated solvent such as e.g.
Methylenchlorid, Chloroform oder Dichlorethan, ein Vanadiumsalz, Z in Form der Säure ZH und mindestens zwei basische Liganden L und/oder L1 "vermischt:, anschließend eine bestimmte Menge Wasserstoffperoxyd zusetzt, die Mischung rührt, bis die ursprünglich eingesetzte Vanadiumverbindung verschwunden ist und die organische Lösung gefärbt wird (im Allgemeinen gelb, orange, rot oder violett). Nach Dekantieren der Mischung trennt man die organische Phase ab, trocknet sie und dampft sie ein, wobei mein einen Rückstand erhält, der in einem Lösungsmittel, wie z.B. Ethyläther, wieder aufgenommen wird, wobei man^ein kristallisiertes Produkt der Formel entsprechend den erfindungsgemäßen Komplexen erhält.Methylene chloride, chloroform or dichloroethane, a vanadium salt, Z in the form of the acid ZH and at least two basic ligands L and / or L 1 "mixed: then a certain amount of hydrogen peroxide is added, the mixture is stirred until the vanadium compound originally used has disappeared and the organic solution is colored (generally yellow, orange, red or purple). After decanting the mixture, the organic phase is separated, dried and evaporated to give a residue which can be dissolved in a solvent such as ethyl ether is taken up, where ^ a crystallized product of the formula corresponding to the complexes according to the invention is obtained.
Man kann die erfindungsgemäßen Vanadiumkomplexe auch erhalten, wenn man ein molekularen Sauerstoff enthaltendes Gas, z.B. Sauerstoff oder Luft, durch eine organische Lösung perlen laßt, welche ein lösliches 'Vanadiumsalz der oben definierten Art in Gegenwart von Z und L und/oder L* enthält.The vanadium complexes according to the invention can also be used obtained when a gas containing molecular oxygen, e.g. oxygen or air, is passed through a Let organic solution pearl, which a soluble 'vanadium salt of the type defined above in the presence of Contains Z and L and / or L *.
Eine weitere Herstellungsmethode der Komplexe derAnother method of making the complexes of
Formelformula
, in welcher Z ein, in which Z a
—' P- 'P
Halogen- oder Carboxylat-Anion ist, besteht darin, daß man ein Oxyd, Salz oder einen beliebigen Komplex des Vanadiums der oben beschriebenen Art in Halogenwasserstoffsäure oder Carbonsäure ZH auflöst und anschließend den oder die Liganden L und L' zusetzt. Der erhaltene Komplex fällt im Reaktionsmilieu aus oder kann während seiner Bildung durch ein Losungs» mittel extrahiert werden, das mit Wasser nicht mischbar ist, wie z.B. Methylenchlorid. Die verschiedenen Bestandteile für die Herstellung der Komplexe können in beliebiger Reihenfolge in das Reaktionsmilieu gegeben werden und bilden dann die reaktiven Komplexe. Halogen or carboxylate anion is that you have an oxide, salt or any complex dissolves the vanadium of the type described above in hydrohalic acid or carboxylic acid ZH and then the ligand or ligands L and L 'added. The complex obtained precipitates in the reaction medium or it can be extracted during its formation by a solvent which is immiscible with water such as methylene chloride. The various ingredients used to make the complexes can be added in any order to the reaction medium and then form the reactive complexes.
°2 Z ° 2 Z
Eine der charakteristischsten Eigenschaften der erfindungsgemäßen Komplexe besteht darin, daß sie SauerstofJDstipechiometrisch an ein Kohlenwasserstoff-Substrat S, vorzugsweise Olefine, abgeben können, wobei das oxydierte Substrat SO und der reduzierte Vanadium- (III)-Komplex nach der folgenden schematischenOne of the most characteristic properties of the complexes according to the invention is that they Oxygen dipechiometrically to a hydrocarbon substrate S, preferably olefins, can give off, the oxidized substrate SO and the reduced Vanadium (III) complex according to the following schematic
Gleichung 2 entsteht:Equation 2 results:
L«m + S-* Z V111 O Ln L1^ «· SO (2)L « m + S- * ZV 111 O L n L 1 ^« · SO (2)
Eine weitere charakteristische Eigenschaft besteht darin, daß der reduzierte Mono-^-Oxo-Komplex Vanadiums (III) leicht durch Sauerstoff oder Luft sowie Peroxydverbindungen wieder oxydiert .^werden kann, wobei der Anfangs eingesetzte Dioxo-Komplex entsteht. Die erfindungsgemäßen Dioxo-Komplexe können also entweder als Reaktionskomponenten in Gleichung 2 oder alsAnother characteristic property is that the reduced mono - ^ - oxo complex is vanadium (III) easily by oxygen or air as well as peroxide compounds re-oxidized. ^ can be, whereby the initially used dioxo complex is formed. the Dioxo complexes according to the invention can either as reaction components in equation 2 or as
^0 Oxydationskatalysatoren verwendet werden, wobei das letztendliche Oxydationsmittel Sauerstoff ist (z.B. der Sauerstoff der Luft oder der Sauerstoff der Peroxyde)· ^ 0 Oxidation catalysts can be used, the ultimate oxidizing agent being oxygen (e.g. the oxygen in the air or the oxygen in the peroxides)
Die Olefine oder ungesättigten Kohlenwasserstoffe sind Substrate, welche am besten mit den Dioxo-Komplexen
des Vanadiums reagieren können. Die Art der oxidierten Produkte, die aus der Reaktion hervorgehen, hängt von
der Art der ungesättigten Kohlenwasserstoffverbindung (z.B. Olefin) und von Z und den Liganden L und/oder L*
ah, die mit dem Vanadium verbunden sind. Man trifft
im Allgemeinen jedoch drei prinzipielle Typen von oxydierten Produkten, die z.B. durch Oxydation von
Olefinen erhalten werden:
a) Epoxyde .The olefins or unsaturated hydrocarbons are substrates which can react best with the dioxo complexes of vanadium. The nature of the oxidized products resulting from the reaction depends on the nature of the unsaturated hydrocarbon compound (e.g. olefin) and on Z and the ligands L and / or L * ah associated with the vanadium. In general, however, there are three basic types of oxidized products obtained, for example, by the oxidation of olefins:
a) epoxies.
b) Produkte der oxydierenden Spaltung des Olefins, das heißt insbesondere Ketone, Aldehyde und Säurenb) Products of the oxidative cleavage of the olefin, that is to say in particular ketones, aldehydes and acids
c) Produkte der Allyloxydation des Olefins, das heißt <5L , β ungesättigte Alkohole und Ketone*c) Products of the allyl oxidation of the olefin, i.e. <5L, β unsaturated alcohols and ketones *
Es ist zwar schwierig, die Oxydationsweise der Olefine zu verallgemeinern ; jedoch können die folgenden Tendenzen angegeben werden:It is difficult to generalize the mode of oxidation of olefins; however, the following tendencies may be given:
1) Die Reaktionsfähigkeit der Olefine gegenüber den Dioxo-Komplexen des Vanadiums steigt mit deren1) The reactivity of the olefins towards the dioxo complexes of vanadium increases with their
Io Elektronen liefernder Kraft und daher mit ihrem Substitutionsgrad durch Elektronen liefernde Substituenten·Io electrons delivering power and therefore with theirs Degree of substitution by electron-donating substituents
2) Olefine, welche keine oxydierbaren Wasserstoffatome in Allylstellung besitzen, führen vorzugsweise zu E'ppxyden und zu Produkten der oxydierenden Spaltung, während Olefine mit oxydierbaren Allyl-Wasserstoff« atomen vorzugsweise zu ols β »ungesättigten Alkoholen und/oder Ketonen führen«2) olefins having no oxidizable hydrogen atoms in the allyl position, preferably lead to E'ppxyden and products of the oxidative cleavage, while olefins containing oxidizable allylic hydrogen "atoms preferably ol β s" unsaturated alcohols and / or ketones lead "
Als Beispiele von Olefinen oder olefinischen Yerbindungen, die vorzugsweise zu Epoxyden und Produkten der oxydieren Spaltung führen8 seien genanntj Ethylen, Propylen, Isobuten, Buten«-19 Buten~2-cis und~trans9 Penten-1, Pentene-2? 2™Methyl-»Buten-.2i 2-Methyl~Buten-1Examples of olefins or olefinic compounds which preferably lead to epoxides and products of oxidized cleavage 8 include ethylene, propylene, isobutene, butene, -1 9 butene-2-cis and -trans 9 pentene-1, pentenes-2 ? 2 ™ methyl- »butene- 2 i 2-methyl ~ butene-1
Hexen-3, Hexen-2, Hexen-3, 2-Methyl-Penten-2, 2-Methyl-Penten-1, Tetramethyl-Ethylen, 2, 4-, 4-Trimethyl·- Pentren-il und - Penten-2, Methylhexene, Octene-1,-2 und -3> Cycloocten, Cyclododecen, Dimere, Trimere und Polymere des Isobutens, Butadien und die Oligomeren des Butadiens, Limonen, eis - und trans-Stilben, Styrol, Naphtalin, Inden, «--Methyl-Styrol, 1, Λ-Diphenylethylen, Triphenylethylen, Dimere, Trimere und Oligomere des Propylene, ungesättigte Gly>-acide, wieHexene-3, hexene-2, hexene-3, 2-methyl-pentene-2, 2-methyl-pentene-1, tetramethyl-ethylene, 2, 4-, 4-trimethyl-pentene-1-1 and - pentene-2 , Methylhexene, octene-1, -2 and -3> cyclooctene, cyclododecene, dimers, trimers and polymers of isobutene, butadiene and the oligomers of butadiene, limonene, cis - and trans-stilbene, styrene, naphthalene, indene, «- Methyl styrene, 1, Λ- diphenylethylene, triphenylethylene, dimers, trimers and oligomers of propylene, unsaturated Gly> -acids, such as
Ίο Sojäeohnenöl und natürliche Pflanzenöle, sowie ungesättigte Fettsäuren bzw. deren Ester, Ölsäure, linolensäure, Balicinsäure, Erucinsäure, RicinolsäureΊο Soybean and natural vegetable oils, as well as unsaturated ones Fatty acids or their esters, oleic acid, linolenic acid, balicic acid, erucic acid, ricinoleic acid
Als Beispiele für Olefine, die vorzugsweise zu α, β ungesättigten Alkoholen oder Ketonen führen, seien genannt, Cyclopenten, Cyclohexenj Cyclohepten.sowie Methyl- oder Ethyl-Cyclohexen·Examples of olefins which preferably lead to α , β unsaturated alcohols or ketones are cyclopentene, cyclohexene, cycloheptene, and methyl or ethyl cyclohexene.
Man hat außerdem festgestellt, daß die Art von Z und L und/oder L1 in den Dioxo-Komplexen des VanadiumsIt has also been found that the nature of Z and L and / or L 1 in the dioxo complexes of vanadium
2o die Art und Verteilung der gebildeten oxydierten2o the nature and distribution of the formed oxidized
Produkte stark beeinflußt. So steigt die Menge des gebildeten Epoxyds zum Nachteil der Produkte der oxydierenden Spaltung, wenn man den Elektronen aufnehmenden Charakter von Z und L· und/oder Jd1 steigert;Strongly affected products. Thus the amount of epoxide formed increases to the detriment of the products of oxidative cleavage if the electron-accepting character of Z and L · and / or Jd 1 is increased;
25 Das umgekehrte passiert, wenn man den Elektronen25 The reverse happens when you get the electrons
liefernden Charakter von Z oder L und/oder L' steigert·the supplying character of Z or L and / or L 'increases
Außer Olefinen sind auch andere ungesättigte Kohlenwasserstoff-Substrate durch die erfindungsgemäßen Vanadium-Komplexe oxidierbar· Es handelt sich z.B.In addition to olefins, there are also other unsaturated hydrocarbon substrates oxidizable by the vanadium complexes according to the invention.
um methylierte aromatische Verbindungen, welche vorzugsweise zu den entsprechenden Aldehyden umgewandelt werden, wie Toluol zu Benzaldehyd. Andere Mono - oder poly-aromatische Substrate, die eine oder mehrere Methylgruppen tragen und gegebenenfalls substituiert sind, können ebenfalls in Anwesenheit der erfindungsgemäßen Vanadiumkomplexe oxydiert werden· Es seien ζ·Β· genannt, o-, m- oder p— Xylol, p-Methoxy-Toluol, m-Phenoxy-Toluol, p-Cymol, Cresole etc, welche jeweils zu den entsprechenden aromatischen Aldehydento methylated aromatic compounds, which are preferably converted to the corresponding aldehydes, such as toluene to benzaldehyde. Other mono - or poly-aromatic substrates that contain one or more Wear methyl groups and are optionally substituted, can also in the presence of the invention Vanadium complexes are oxidized · There are ζ · Β · mentioned, o-, m- or p- xylene, p-methoxy-toluene, m-phenoxy-toluene, p-cymene, cresols etc, which in each case to the corresponding aromatic aldehydes
15 umgewandelt werden·15 to be converted
Die Katalysatoren, das heißt die erfindungsgemäßenThe catalysts, that is to say those according to the invention
di,e Oxydation von Vanadium-Komplexe} erlaubenv01efinen oder ungesättigten Kohlenwasserstoff-Substraten in einem beliebigen organischen Lösungsmittel, in dem diese Komplexe löslich sind; als Beispiele für Lösungsmittel seien genannt ιdi, e Ox ydation of vanadium complexes allow} v 01efinen or unsaturated hydrocarbon substrates in any organic solvent in which these complexes are soluble; Examples of solvents are ι
a) Chlorierte Lösungsmittel (Methylenchlorid, Dichlor«» ethan, Chloroform, Chlorbenzol etc.),a) Chlorinated solvents (methylene chloride, dichlor «» ethane, chloroform, chlorobenzene etc.),
b) titrierte Lösungsmittel (Nitrobenzol, Mtromethan ecte»)b) titrated solvents (nitrobenzene, mtromethane ecte »)
c) basische Lösungsmittel auf Basis der oben definierten Gruppen L und/oder L' (z.B. Dimethylformamid, Dimethylacetamid, N-Methyl-Pyrrolidon, Hexamethyl-Phosphortriamid, Acetonitril, Pyridin, Chinolin,c) basic solvents based on those defined above Groups L and / or L '(e.g. dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, N-methyl-pyrrolidone, hexamethyl-phosphorus triamide, Acetonitrile, pyridine, quinoline,
5 PyridinTIf-O3cyd, Picolin-N-Oxyd etc),5 pyridine T If-O3cyd, picoline-N-oxide etc),
d) neutrale Lösungsmittel (Benzol, Toluol, Xylol etc).d) neutral solvents (benzene, toluene, xylene, etc.).
Die Reaktion wird bei einer Temperatur von im Allgemeinen —50 bis +2oo°C, aber vorzugsweise bei 1o bis 150°C durchgeführt. Die Anwesenheit von Wasser im Milieu Ίο ist zwar in geringen Mengen tolerierbar, kann aberThe reaction is carried out at a temperature generally from -50 to + 200 ° C, but preferably from 10 to 150 ° C carried out. The presence of water in the environment can be tolerated in small amounts, but it can
störend sein, so daß man es mindestens zum größten οbe bothersome so that you can at least get it to the greatest extent ο
SPeil entfernen muß, z.B. durch azeotrope Destillation, in Gegenwart eines Lösungsmittels, wie Benzol, Xylol, Toluol etc. oder mit Hilfe eines Trockenmittels oder eines anderen Mittels.Must remove SPeil, e.g. by azeotropic distillation, in the presence of a solvent such as benzene, xylene, toluene, etc. or with the aid of a drying agent or another remedy.
Das Reaktionsmilieu kann neutral, sauer oder basisch sein. Eine bevorzugte Methode besteht darin, daß man in Anwesenheit einer Brönstedt-Säure oder einer Lewis-Säure in dem Milieu arbeitet, um die Aktivität der Komplexe gegen*-über den Olefinen oder dem ungesättigten Kohlenwasserstoffsubstrat zu steigern. Die auf diese Weise brauchbaren Säuren sind z.B. Essigsäure, Propionsäure, Benzcfeäure, Methansülfonsäure, Trifluormethan-Sulfonsäure, Trichloressigsaure, Trifluoressigsäure, Fluoborsäure, Trimethylessigsäure, Pluorsulfon-The reaction medium can be neutral, acidic or basic be. A preferred method is that in the presence of a Brönsted acid or a Lewis acid in the milieu works to increase the activity of the complexes against the olefins or the unsaturated Increase hydrocarbon substrate. The acids that can be used in this way are e.g. acetic acid, Propionic acid, benzene acid, methanesulfonic acid, trifluoromethane sulfonic acid, Trichloroacetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, fluoboric acid, trimethyl acetic acid, fluorosulfonic acid
saure,acid,
Als Lewis-Säuren kann man z.B. eine Verbindung des Bors, Aluminiums, Galliums, Indiums, Titans oder Antimons verwenden. Als Beispiele seien genahnts Reines Bortrifluorid oder in Verbindung mit einemLewis acids can be, for example, a compound of boron, aluminum, gallium, indium, titanium or Use antimony. As examples are mentioned Pure boron trifluoride or in conjunction with one
basischen Lösungsmittel (Ither, Tetrahydrofuran etc.), Aluminiumtrichlorid oder Aluminium-Trialkoxyd, wie Aluminium-Trimethylat, -Triäthylat, -Triisopropylat oder -Tritert.-Butylat, Titantetrachlorid, AntxLmon-basic solvents (Ither, Tetrahydrofuran etc.), Aluminum trichloride or aluminum trialkoxide, such as aluminum trimethylate, triethylate, triisopropylate or -Tritert.-Butylat, titanium tetrachloride, AntxLmon-
Ίο pentachlorid, Indiumtrichlorid, Galliumtriehlorid.Ίο pentachloride, indium trichloride, gallium trichloride.
Das Verhältnis von Brönstedt-Säure oder Lewis-Säure zu Vanadium kann 1 bis "Io sein, wird aber im Allgemeinen im Bereich von etwa 1 zu 1 gewählt·The ratio of Bronsted acid or Lewis acid to vanadium can be 1 to "Io, but generally it will be chosen in the range of about 1 to 1
Eine andere Methode besteht darin, daß man im basischen 15 Milieu arbeitet. In diesem Fall sind die erfindungsgemäßen katalytischen Systeme stabiler, wenn man in einem basischen Milieu arbeitet, in^dem eine bessere Regenerierung des erfindungsgemäßen Komplexes durch molekularen Sauerstoff erfolgt. Es ist auch erforder-2o lieh, daß das Lösungsmittel gegenüber den Versuchsbedingungen der Oxydation wiederstandsfähig ist· Daher ist zwar die Verwendung von basischen Lösungsmitteln wie aromatischen Amiden, Phosphoramiden oder Aminen unter den üblichen Bedingungen befriedigend | es wurdeAnother method consists in working in an alkaline medium. In this case, those according to the invention catalytic systems are more stable if you work in a basic environment, in which a better regeneration of the complex according to the invention is carried out by molecular oxygen. It is also required-2o lent that the solvent is resistant to the experimental conditions of oxidation · Hence is the use of basic solvents such as aromatic amides, phosphoramides or amines satisfactory under normal conditions | it was
jedoch festgestellt, daß die widerstandsfähigsten Reaktionsmilieus diese Verbindungen in einem halogenierten Losungsmittel sind, wie Dichlorethan, Chlor« benzol oder. o-Dichlorbenzol, welche in gelöster Form mindestens einen Liganden, wie ein aromatisches Aminoxyd, ein Phosphinoxyd, Arsinoxyd oder Stibinoxyd enthalten, wobei das Molverhältnis Ligand/Vanadium etwa 1 bis 2o beträgt. Unter diesen Bedingungen ist eine minimale Oxydierbarkeit des Lösungsmittels inhowever found that the toughest reaction environments are these compounds in a halogenated one Solvents are like dichloroethane, chlorine " benzene or. o-dichlorobenzene, which is in dissolved form at least one ligand, such as an aromatic amine oxide, contain a phosphine oxide, arsine oxide or stibine oxide, the molar ratio of ligand / vanadium is about 1 to 2o. Under these conditions there is minimal oxidizability of the solvent
Ίο befriedigender Weise gewährleistet·Ίο guaranteed in a satisfactory manner
Die erfindungsgemäße Oxydation der ungesättigten Kohlenwasserstoff-Substrate kann in einer inerten Atmosphäre erfolgen und ist in diesem Falle stoechiometrisch, das heißt sie entspricht den Mengenverhältnissen der Gleichung 2. Sie kann auch katalytisch ablaufen, das heißt mit geringen Mengen des Komplexes bezogen auf das ungesättigte Substrat, wenn man in Anwesenheit eines Oxydationsmittels arbeitet, wie Sauerstoff, Luft, Wasserstoffperoxyd oder ein Peroxyd.The inventive oxidation of the unsaturated hydrocarbon substrates can be carried out in an inert Atmosphere take place and is stoechiometric in this case, that is, it corresponds to the proportions of equation 2. It can also take place catalytically, that is to say with small amounts of the complex based on the unsaturated substrate, if one in Presence of an oxidizing agent works, such as oxygen, air, hydrogen peroxide or a peroxide.
Das Verhältnis Komplex/Substrat beträgt im AllgemeinenThe complex / substrate ratio is generally
etwa 1o bis o,5i bzw. 1o ^ bis 1q ,about 1o to o.5i or 1o ^ to 1q,
Falls molekularer Sauerstoff das Oxydationsmittel ist, kann er in reiner Form oder mit einem inerten Gas verdünnt verwendet werden, z.B. in Form von Luft. Der 3?artialdruck des Sauerstoffs kann z.B. 0,1 bis 1oo barIf molecular oxygen is the oxidizing agent, it can be in pure form or diluted with an inert gas can be used, e.g. in the form of air. The axial pressure of oxygen can be 0.1 to 100 bar, for example
(699I Ms 1o M Pa), insbesondere 0,5 bis I5 (d,o5 bis 1,5 M Pa) betragen.(699I Ms 1o M Pa), especially 0.5 to I5 (d, o5 to 1.5 M Pa).
Um die Geschwindigkeit der Wiederoxydation - des Vanadiums zu steigern, kann es auch vorteilhaft sein, einen geeigneten Kokatalysator zuzusetzen, z.B. Hexamethyl-Phosphortriamid, Pyridin-N-Oxyd, Trioctyl-Phosphinoxyd, Triphenyl-Phosphinoxyd oder Triphenyl-Arsinoxyd; dieser Kokatalysator kann auch ein Salz oder Komplex eines anderen Übergangsmetalls sein, welchesTo increase the rate of reoxidation of vanadium, it can also be advantageous add a suitable cocatalyst, e.g. hexamethyl-phosphorus triamide, Pyridine-N-oxide, trioctyl-phosphine oxide, Triphenyl phosphine oxide or triphenyl arsine oxide; this cocatalyst can also be a salt or complex of another transition metal, which
Ίο die Rolle des Redox-Systems im Reaktionsmilieu gewährleistet. Man .kann z.B. Redox-Systeme verwenden, welche Metallverbindungen enthalten, die unter den verwendeten Reaktionsbedingungen in mehreren Oxydationsstufen vorliegen können, z.B. Verbindungen des Eisens, Kupfers, Kobalts, Mangarts. So ist es vorteilhaft, wenn man zusammen mit dem oben genannten Vanadiumkatalysator ein Salz wie z.B. Eisen-II- oder J-III-Ohlorid, Kupfer-II-Chlorid, Kobalt-II-Ghlorid oder Mangan-II-Chlorid verwendet.Ίο the role of the redox system in the reaction environment is guaranteed. For example, redox systems can be used which contain metal compounds that are listed under the reaction conditions used can exist in several oxidation stages, e.g. compounds of Iron, copper, cobalt, mangart. So it is advantageous if you use the vanadium catalyst mentioned above a salt such as iron (II) or (III) chloride, Copper (II) chloride, cobalt (II) chloride or Manganese II chloride used.
in den folgenden Beispielen ist die Erfindung näher erläutert.the invention is more detailed in the following examples explained.
Beispiel 1example 1
a) Herstellung von Komplexen der Formel VO2 Z L (η» 1, m β 0, -ρ ■ 1) Komplexe Nr. ^ bis 7·a) Preparation of complexes of the formula VO 2 ZL (η »1, m β 0, -ρ ■ 1) Complexes No. ^ to 7 ·
5 Herstellung von Komplex Nr. 1 5 Creation of Complex No. 1
Man suspendiert in 15° :cnr Methylenchlorid Vanadinsäureanhydrid V2Oc (Io MiiLimol, 2g) Picolinsäure Z (2o MdiLimol, 2,6g) und Hexamethyl-Phosphoramid L (HMPT, 55 MiP-imol, log). Dann tropft man 7 cm^ Jo^iges ο Wasserstoff peroxyd zu der auf diese Weise .erhaltenen Suspension zu und rührt bis zur völligen Auflösung des Vanadinsäureanhydrids. Die rote organische Phase wird abgetrennt , getrocknet und eingedampft, worauf man einen Rückstand erhält, der in Äther wieder äufgenommen wird und den purpurroten kristallinen Komplex Nr. Ί der FormelJi^ liefert; er wird aus dem Gemisch Dichlormethan/Äther umkristallisiert. Ausbeute: 4·,3g (55# molar). Die Elementaranalyse des Komplexes Nr. 1 zeigt die Formel VOc C^2 H22 N2^ P, entsprechend der Anwesenheit eines Pieolinat-Liganden (Pie), eines liganden HMPT und von zwei Oxo-Sauerstoffatomen am Metall V. Die Infrarot^Analyse und die RMN-Analyse des Protons und des G* j. zeigt die Struktur der Formel 1, welche durch Röntgenkristallographie bestätigt wirdIt is suspended in 15 °: cnr methylene chloride vanadic anhydride V 2 Oc (Io MiiLimol, 2g) picolinic acid Z (2o MdiLimol, 2.6g) and hexamethyl-phosphoramide L (HMPT, 55 MiP-imol, log). Then 7 cm ^ yeast ο hydrogen peroxide is added dropwise to the suspension obtained in this way and the mixture is stirred until the vanadic anhydride has completely dissolved. The red organic phase is separated off, dried and evaporated, whereupon a residue is obtained which is taken up in ether and gives the purple crystalline complex no. Ί of the formula Ji ^; it is recrystallized from the dichloromethane / ether mixture. Yield: 4x.3g (55 # molar). The elemental analysis of complex no. 1 shows the formula VOc C ^ 2 H 22 N 2 ^ P, corresponding to the presence of a pieolinate ligand (Pie), a ligand HMPT and two oxo-oxygen atoms on metal V. The infrared analysis and the RMN analysis of the proton and the G * j. Fig. 13 shows the structure of Formula 1, which is confirmed by X-ray crystallography
V o = c I ^ ο V o = c I ^ ο
HMPT 1HMPT 1
Herstellung der Komplexe Nr. 2 bis 7Preparation of complexes No. 2 to 7
Mehrere Komplexe VOo ZL analog dem Komplex Nr. 1 mit einer analogen Formel wurde nach der gleichen Herstellungsmethode hergestellt, wobei die Art von Z und L sich änderte. Diese Komplexe sind in Tabelle I zusammengestellt, aus der man auch die Angaben bezüglich des Komplexes Nr. 1 entnehmen kann.Several complexes VOo ZL analogous to complex no. 1 with an analogous formula were produced using the same production method, the types of Z and L being changed. These complexes are listed in Table I, from which the information relating to complex no. 1 can also be found.
!Tabelle I: Komplexe YO2 ZL (Molverhältnis Z:TT=1:1) ! Table I: Complexes YO 2 ZL (molar ratio Z: TT = 1: 1)
Nr.No.
Ausbeuteyield
Komplex <$ molar)Complex <$ molar)
- Farbe- Colour
5555
5858
Ziegelrot Brick red
HellrotBright red
90 Beige Orange 90 beige orange
2828
RotRed
rotbrick
Red
OrangeBeige -
orange
OrangeBeige -
orange
(5)(5)
(6)(6)
qTq]O)Hmpt (5)qTq] O) Hmpt (5)
(vt0)(vt 0 )
I RI R
935 948935 948
932 945932 945
928 950928 950
945945
935 938935 938
932 945932 945
932 ο 940932 ο 940
(1) Picolinsäure(1) picolinic acid
Ίο (2) 1 ,^-Pyrazin^-Carbonsäure ($) Ghinolin-2-CarboGsäureΊο (2) 1, ^ - Pyrazine ^ -Carboxylic acid ($) Ghinolin-2-carbonic acid
(4) Pyridin-2,5-3)icarbonsäure(4) pyridine-2,5-3) icarboxylic acid
(5) Hexamethyl-Phosphortriamid(5) hexamethyl phosphorus triamide
(6) Pyridin(6) pyridine
(7) Pyridinoxyd(7) pyridine oxide
(8) Methyl-Picolinat(8) methyl picolinate
b) Herstellung von Komplexen der Formelb) Preparation of complexes of the formula
Z LH L1) 2 (η - 1-, m - 1, ρ - 2)Z LH L 1 ) 2 (η - 1-, m - 1, ρ - 2)
Diese Komplexe sind in festem Zustand dimer und in organischer Losung monomer.These complexes are dimeric in the solid state and monomeric in organic solution.
Man gibt 7 cnr Jo^iges Wasserstoffperoxyd zu einer Suspension von Vanadinsäureanhydrid V2Oc (2g, 1-0 mol), Picolinsäure (5»5g» 44 .Mig-imol) und Hexamethylphosphortriamid HMPT (log, 56 Mijlimol) in Methylen-Chlorid CH2 Cl2 (15o cnr). Nach Auflösung des7 cnr Jo ^ iges hydrogen peroxide are added to a suspension of vanadic anhydride V 2 Oc (2 g, 1-0 mol), picolinic acid (5 »5 g» 44 ig-imol) and hexamethylphosphoric triamide HMPT (log, 56 mijlimol) in methylene chloride CH 2 Cl 2 (150 cnr). After the
Vanadinsäureanhydrids trennt man die organische Phase ab., trocknet sie und dampft sie ein, wobei man purpurfarbene Kristalle erhält, die mehrmals mit Äther gewaschen und im Vakuum getrocknet werden. Molare Ausbeute? 83$. Die Elementaranalyse und die Infrarot— analyse in festem Zustand zeigen die Struktur 8 a, aus der in Lösung 8 b wird (Durch RMN bestimmt).Vanadic anhydride is separated from the organic phase from., it dries and evaporates it, whereby one obtains purple-colored crystals, which several times with ether washed and dried in vacuo. Molar Yield? $ 83. Elemental analysis and infrared— Analysis in the solid state shows structure 8 a, which becomes 8 b in solution (determined by RMN).
(Picolinsäure; L1 = HMHD : (Picolinic acid; L 1 = HMHD :
(Hexamethylphosghortriamid)(Hexamethylphosghortriamid)
O =O =
N
•—.N
• -.
V:V:
ο .οο .ο
0_ν^λ ,HMPT0_ν ^ λ, HMPT
,COOH, COOH
8 a (fest)8 a (fixed)
Infrarot: Ό (V=O)Infrared: Ό (V = O)
cmcm
"4 b
(in Losung)" 4 b
(in solution)
(VXWT) m 82o(VXWT) m 82o
Herstellung der Komplexe jVO2 Z (LH) I2 (n « 1, m Tabelle II: ComplexePreparation of the complexes jVO 2 Z (LH) I 2 (n «1, m Table II: Complexes
O,p= 2)O, p = 2)
vo2 zvo 2 z
Ausbeute L gebun- Ό·(γ=0> Yield L bound Ό (γ = 0 >
Komplex Jarbe (molar) Z den an H cm Complex Jarbe (molar) Z den an H cm
1010
1111
Dunkel- 71 % rotDark- 71% red
orange 75 X orange 85 % (1) orange 75 X orange 85 % (1)
N CO N CO2(H)N CO N CO 2 (H)
id.id.
id. [Ojid. [Oj
945945
z (2)940
(3) 930 z (2) 940
(3) 930
cmcm
820820
820820
805805
(1) Picolinsäure(1) picolinic acid
(2) Nicotinsäure(2) nicotinic acid
(3) Isonicotinsäure(3) isonicotinic acid
Diese Komplexe existieren in festem Zustand auch in 5 dimerer Form.These complexes also exist in the solid state in dimeric form.
Herstellung des Komplexes KTr. He rstel lu ng d e s complex KTR.
Zu einer Suspension von Vanadinsäureanhydrid (1g, 5,4 Miflimol) in Methylenchlorid CH2Cl2 (1oo cnr5), welche 2,8g Picolinsäure (2,8 g, 22 MiHiniol) enthält, Ίο gibt man 0,5 cnr 7o#iges Wasserstoffperoxyd, wobei die Temperatur auf O0C gehalten wird. Der Komplex Nr. 9 fällt in Form von dunkelroten Kristallen aus· Der Feststoff wird filtriert und mit Methylenchlorid und Äther gewaschen; Ausbeute: $?1# (molar).To a suspension of vanadic anhydride (1g, 5.4 Miflimol) in methylene chloride CH 2 Cl 2 (1oo cnr 5 ), which contains 2.8g picolinic acid (2.8 g, 22 MiHiniol), Ίο is added 0.5 cnr 7o # ig it is hydrogen peroxide, the temperature being kept at 0 ° C. The complex no. 9 precipitates in the form of dark red crystals. The solid is filtered and washed with methylene chloride and ether; Yield: $? 1 # (molar).
Die Komplexe Nr. Ίο und Nr. ΊΊ werden nach einer analogen Weise wie der Komplex Nr. 9 hergestellt·.The complexes no. Ίο and no. ΊΊ are named after a produced in an analogous manner to complex No. 9 ·.
c) Herstellung der Komplexe Nr· 12 Ms I7 <ier Formel c) Preparation of the complexes No. 12 Ms I7 <ier formula
VO2 ZVO 2 Z
(Z m Halogen, ρ « 1 oder 2) Tabelle III: Komplexe(Z m halogen, ρ «1 or 2) Table III: Complexes
[IV02 Z [I V0 2 Z
3135 OQ3135 OQ
1010
Ausbeuteyield
25 30 3025 30 30
30 35 3030 35 30
(1) Triphenyl-Phosphinoxyd(1) triphenyl phosphine oxide
(2) ^riphenylarsin-Oxyd(2) ^ riphenylarsine oxide
(3) Pyridinoxyd(3) pyridine oxide
2o2o
Man gibt 5 cnr 7<$ige Fluorwasserstoffsäure allmählich nach in eine Suspension von Vanadinsäureanhydrid VoOc (1,82g, 1o MüLimol) und Triphenylphosphinoxyd (PIwPO, 11,2g, 4o MijPLimol) in 1'5o cnr Methylenchlorid CH2Cl2. Nach einer Stunde bei 2o°C wird die organische Phase abgetrennt, über Natriumsulfat getrocknet und eingedampft, bis man hellgelbe Kristalle erhält, welche aus einem Gemisch von Methylenchlorid und Äther umkristallisiert werden; Ausbeute: 3»3g (25#). Die Elementaranalyse des Komplexes Nr. 12 ergibt die5 cnr 7% hydrofluoric acid are gradually added to a suspension of vanadic anhydride VoOc (1.82 g, 10 millimoles) and triphenylphosphine oxide (PIwPO, 11.2 g, 40 millimoles) in 15o cnr methylene chloride CH 2 Cl 2 . After one hour at 20 ° C., the organic phase is separated off, dried over sodium sulfate and evaporated until pale yellow crystals are obtained, which are recrystallized from a mixture of methylene chloride and ether; Yield: 3 »3g (25 #). Elemental analysis of complex no. 12 gives the
Formel VO4 F G56 H50 P2 Formula VO 4 FG 56 H 50 P 2
Infrarot: 0 (V - O) ■ I060 cm"*1 ? 0 (V-OsV) = 837 cm"1 Infrared: 0 (V - O) ■ I060 cm "* 1 ? 0 (V-OsV) = 837 cm" 1
Die Komplexe Nr. I3 bis I7 werden in gleicher Weise hergestellt, wobei man die Art des Idganden L ändert (die chlorierten Verbindungen 15 bis I7 der Formel VOo Cl ^p ¥er<ien unter Verwendung von konzentrierter Salzsäure hergestellt).The complexes no. I3 to I7 are prepared in the same way, the type of the idgand L being changed (the chlorinated compounds 15 to I7 of the formula VOo Cl ^ p ¥ er <ien made using concentrated hydrochloric acid).
Stoechiometrische Oxydation ungesättigter Kohlenwasserstoff-Substrate durch Komplexe der FormelStoechiometric oxidation of unsaturated hydrocarbon substrates by complexes of the formula
[IV02 21^vJp[I V0 2 21 ^ vJp
In einen wärme isoliert en Glasreaktor gibt man unterIn a thermally insulated glass reactor one gives under
_1
Stickstoff o,3 Mol · 1 eines Komplexes Nr. 1 bis_1
Nitrogen 0.3 mole x 1 of a complex No. 1 bis
—Λ
17 »5 Mol · 1 eines ungesätti- Λ
17 »5 mol · 1 of an unsat
(Substrat) in Methylenchlorid(Substrate) in methylene chloride
—Λ
17 »5 Mol · 1 eines ungesättigten Kohlenwasserstoffs- Λ
17 »5 mol · 1 of an unsaturated hydrocarbon
Die Temperatur beträgt 2o°C· Nach 4 Stunden analysiert man die gebildeten Produkte durch GasphasenCjhromätegraphie und identifiziert sie durch chromatographische Trennung in Gasphase/Massenspektrometrie..The temperature is 20 ° C. Analyzed after 4 hours the products formed by gas-phase chromatography and identifies them by chromatographic separation in gas phase / mass spectrometry ..
2o Die Resultate sind in Tabelle IV zusammengestellt, wo-2o The results are summarized in Table IV, where-
"bei die Ausbeuten bezogen· auf Vanadium ausgedrückt sind·"when the yields are expressed in terms of vanadium are·
Beispiel Nr. Komplex SubstratExample no. Complex substrate
7 87 8
1o1o
StyrolStyrene
Produkt (niolare Ausbeute #)Product (niolar yield #)
Exo-Bpoxynorbonan (15) Exo-Epoxynorbonan (11)
Exo-Epoxynorbonan (4ο)
Epoxystyrol (3), Benzaldehyd (16)
Epoxystyrol (9), Benzaldehyd (26)
Benzaldehyd (7) Epoxystyrol (12), Benzaldehyd (31)
Epoxy-c^—-Methylstyrol
(2), Acetophenon (19) Epoxy- ex. -Methylstyrol
(2), Acetophenon (19) Epoxy-λ-Methylstyrol
(4), Acetophenon (22) Epoxy- α. -Methylstyrol (3), Acetophenon (21)
Epoxy- ο*. -Methylstyrol (4), Acetophenon (45)Exo-Bpoxynorbonan (15) Exo-Epoxynorbonan (11) Exo-Epoxynorbonan (4ο) Epoxystyrene (3), Benzaldehyde (16)
Epoxystyrene (9), benzaldehyde (26)
Benzaldehyde (7) epoxystyrene (12), benzaldehyde (31)
Epoxy-c ^ - methylstyrene (2), acetophenone (19) epoxy-ex. -Methylstyrene (2), acetophenone (19) epoxy-λ-methylstyrene (4), acetophenone (22) epoxy-α. -Methylstyrene (3), acetophenone (21) epoxy- ο *. -Methylstyrene (4), acetophenone (45)
Iß-Eat-
14 1514 15
5 16 175 16 17
1818th
1ο ' 1ο '
2o2o
2$$ 2
1,1 Diphenyl- Benzophenon (24) ethylen1,1 diphenyl benzophenone (24) ethylene
1,1 Dimethyl- Benzophenon (49) ethylen1,1 dimethyl benzophenone (49) ethylene
OyclohexenOyclohexene
CyclohexenCyclohexene
Cyclohexen-i-ol-5 (3o), Cyclohexen-1-on-3 (18) Oyclohexen-1-ol-3 (5)» Oyclohexen-1-on-3 (17)Cyclohexen-i-ol-5 (3o), Cyclohexen-1-one-3 (18) Oyclohexen-1-ol-3 (5) » Oyclohexen-1-one-3 (17)
(2b)Benzaldehyde (1o)
(2 B)
(15)
AcetonTZf—Methyl-PentenButene-1-ol-3 (25)
(15)
Acetone TZf — methyl pentene
Oxydation von ungesättigten Kohlenwasserstoffen mit molekularem Sauerstoff unter Katalyse durch Ois-Dioxo-Komplexe des Vanadiums der FormelOxidation of unsaturated hydrocarbons with molecular oxygen under catalysis by Ois-dioxo complexes of the vanadium of the formula
YO0 ZL 2 iiYO 0 ZL 2 ii
Katalytische Oxydation von «t -Methylstyrol· zu im Wesentlichen Acetophenon;Catalytic oxidation of «t -methylstyrene to im Essentially acetophenone;
In einen wärmeisolierten Glasreaktor gibt man alsIn a thermally insulated glass reactor, as
—1-1
Katalysator 0,04- Mol "· 1 eines Komplexes Nr. 1 bis 17 sowie 3,1 Mol · 1 ^-Methylstyrol, ein Lösungsmittel und gegebenenfalls einen Kokatalysator entsprechend den Angaben von Tabelle V. Man verbindet dann den Reaktor mit einer Leitung von reinem Sauer—Catalyst 0.04 mole "x 1 of complex # 1 bis 17 and 3.1 moles 1 ^ -methylstyrene, a solvent and optionally a cocatalyst as indicated in Table V. One connects then the reactor with a line of pure acid
1o stoff, so daß der Gesamtdruck im Reaktor 1,2 bar1o material, so that the total pressure in the reactor 1.2 bar
(0,12 M Pa) beträgt. Dann führt man die Temperatur des Reaktors auf 6o°C und rührt im Reaktor. Man stellt fest, daß der Sauerstoff druck im Reaktor fällt und hält diesen Druck dann durch permanente Zufuhr von reinem Sauerstoff konstant auf 1,2 bar (o,12 M Pa). Nach 4- Stunden Reaktionsdauer mißt man die Gesamtmenge des absorbierten Sauerstoffs und bestimmt durch Gaqöhssenchromatographie die gebildeten Produkte.(0.12 M Pa). The temperature of the reactor is then brought to 60 ° C. and the reactor is stirred. One poses determines that the oxygen pressure in the reactor falls and then maintains this pressure by permanent supply of pure oxygen constant at 1.2 bar (0.12 MPa). After a reaction time of 4 hours, the total amount is measured of the absorbed oxygen and determines the products formed by Gaqöhssenchromatographie.
Tabelle Y zeigt gleichfalls die erhaltenen Resultate bei verschiedenen Katalysatortypen und verschiedenen Reaktionsmilieus.-Table Y also shows the results obtained with different types of catalysts and different ones Reaction environment.
Tabelle Y~ Katalytische Oxydation von ex -Methylstyrol durch molekularen Sauerstoff Table e Y ~ Catalytic oxidation of ex -methylstyrene by molecular oxygen
Beispiel Nr. Nr· des Komplexes Kb-Katalysator Lösungsmittel Erhaltene Pro- UmwandlungExample No. No. of Complex Kb Catalyst Solvent Pro-Conversion Obtained
dukte von «(,-Methyl-products of «(, -Methyl-
(gegebenenfalls)(possibly)
Γ3 styrol (# mo-Γ 3 styrene (# mo-
Ph-CO-CH, Ph-CN72 η ,Ph-CO-CH, Ph - C N72 η ,
Ji 0 -<1 lar) Ji 0 - <1 lar )
(Μο1-1Ί)(Μο1Ί -I)(Μο1-1 Ί ) (Μο1Ί -I)
24 J8 Tetramethyl- ο,56 ο,16 23,124 J8 tetramethyl- ο, 56 ο, 16 23.1
.harnstoff ,.urea,
25 8 Dimethylform- ο, 54 ο 17,425 8 Dimethylform- ο, 54 ο 17.4
amidamide
26 8 N-Methylpyr- ο, 98 o,1 31,2 .26 8 N-methylpyr- o, 98 o, 1 31.2.
rolidon. · '.,: rolidon. · '., :
27 8 Dimethyl- ο,72 ο., ο? 25,527 8 dimethyl- ο, 72 ο., Ο? 25.5
acetamidacetamide
28 Λ^ Dimethyl- ο,75 ο,ο5 26 ^28 Λ ^ dimethyl- ο, 75 ο, ο5 26 ^
• ■ co• ■ co
acetamid cnacetamide cn
29 Χ, HMPT ο,75 - 25 ο29 Χ, HMPT ο, 75 - 25 ο
. οο. οο
VD OVD O
OOOO 2626th
CVJ KYCVJ KY
tAtA
CVJ KNCVJ KN CVlCVl coco
0000
έ έέ έ
•g•G
•Η -Ρ.• Η -Ρ.
PtPt
O PtO Pt
CS tACS tA
P ·ΗP · Η
O ft _,Often _,
O CQ ·0O CQ · 0
- CVl- CVl
^CS^ CS
ο ^ο ^
KSKS
KSKS
CViCVi
ΚΛΚΛ κ\κ \ KNKN
KSKS
(1) HMPQ?: Hexamethylphosphoramid (oder Hexamethyl-(1) HMPQ ?: Hexamethylphosphoramide (or hexamethyl-
phosphortriamidphosphorus triamide
(2) PIwPO: Trxphenylphosphxnoxyd(2) PIwPO: Trxphenylphosphxnoxyd
(3) Ph^AsO: Triphenylarsinoxyd
DOE: Dichloräthan(3) Ph ^ AsO: triphenylarsine oxide
DOE: dichloroethane
Beispiel 36: 1,15g des Komplexes Nr. 1 (3 MffiLimol) und 1»52g (16 MiUimol) Pyridinoxyd werden in 1oo ml Dichlor·^ athan gelost und in einen wärmeisolierten Reaktor aus rostfreiem Stahl gegeben. Die Mischung wird auf 12o°C erhitzt und man führt dann o,38 mol Isobuten in denExample 36: 1.15g of Complex No. 1 (3 MffiLimol) and 1 »52g (16 MiUimol) of pyridine oxide are dissolved in 100 ml of dichloro · ^ athan and placed in a thermally insulated stainless steel reactor. The mixture is brought to 120 ° C heated and then leads o, 38 mol isobutene in the
Reaktor ein. Der Druck erreicht 14 bar (1,4- M Pa). Die im Reaktor festgestellte Drucksenkung macht die dauernde Zufuhr von frischem Sauerstoff nötig, so daß der Gesamtdruck auf 18 bar (1,8 M Pa) gehalten wird.Reactor one. The pressure reaches 14 bar (1.4 M Pa). the The pressure drop detected in the reactor makes the constant supply of fresh oxygen necessary, so that the total pressure is kept at 18 bar (1.8 M Pa).
Wach U- Stunden Reaktionsdauer wird die Mischung abgekühlt. Die chromatographische Analyse zeigt, daß 7,2 MSlimol Bpoxyisobutan, 49,5 Miilimol Aceton und 11,9 Milimol Methacrolein gebildet wurde, was einer Umwandlung von 18# Isobuten entspricht.After a reaction time of U hours, the mixture is cooled. Chromatographic analysis shows that 7.2 MSlimol Bpoxyisobutane, 49.5 milimoles acetone and 11.9 milimoles methacrolein were formed, which corresponds to a conversion of 18 # isobutene.
rto-rto-
Man arbeitet" wie im Beispiel 36, wobei man 3 Mi-limol eines Komplexes Nr· 1 bis 17, 38o Milimol Isobuten bei einer Temperatur von 12o°G verwendet.One works "as in example 36, whereby one 3 mi-limol of a complex # 1 to 17.38o milimoles of isobutene a temperature of 12o ° G is used.
Die Reaktionszeit beträgt 4 Stunden. Die Resultate sind in Tabelle YI zusammengestellt.The reaction time is 4 hours. The results are compiled in Table YI.
Beispiel Kr· des Köm- Kokatalysator Lösungs-Ifr.
plexes (jhM) mittel Erhalte Prdodukte
Epoxy- Aceton Met -.
Isobutan (mM) acroleinExample Kr · des Köm cocatalyst solution Ifr. plexes (jhM) medium Receive products
Epoxy Acetone Met -.
Isobutane (mM) acrolein
(him)(him)
Umwandlungconversion
1212th
6060
5656
8,98.9
2323
CD CD COCD CD CO
(1) Ph, PO : Triphenylphosphinoxyd(1) Ph, PO: triphenylphosphine oxide
(2) Ph, AsO : Triphenylarsinoxyd(2) Ph, AsO: triphenylarsine oxide
5 Man arbeitet wie im Beispiel 36, ersetzt aber das Isobuten durch o,3 Mol Propylen. Nach 4 Stunden Reaktionsdauer stellt man die Bildung von 17,6 Millimol Epoxypropan, 6,7 Milimol Acetaldehyd und 11,7 Millimol Acrolein fest. Die molare Gesamtumwandlung des Pro-5 The procedure is as in Example 36, but the isobutene is replaced by 0.3 mol of propylene. After 4 hours The reaction time represents the formation of 17.6 millimoles of epoxypropane, 6.7 millimoles of acetaldehyde and 11.7 millimoles Acrolein solid. The total molar conversion of the pro-
pylens beträgt 14$.pylens is $ 14.
Man arbeitet wie bei der Oxydation von cc-Methylstyrol (Beispiele 24 bis 35) bei einer Konzentration vonThe procedure is the same as for the oxidation of cc-methylstyrene (Examples 24 to 35) at a concentration of
1 f 1 f
3,1ο Mol · 1 Cyclohexen. Die Resultate sind in3.1ο moles · 1 cyclohexene. The results are in
Tabelle VII zusammengestellt.Table VII compiled.
Beispiel Nr. des verwen- Kokatalysator Lösungsmittel Erhaltene Produkte Umwandlung
Nr. deten Komplexes (MoW1) Ψ ?, (#,molar)Example No. of use- Cocatalyst Solvent Products obtained Conversion
No. of the complex (MoW 1 ) Ψ?, (#, Molar)
Pyridin-N- Dichlor- 0.I9 o,41 o,o5 21Pyridine-N-dichloro-0.19 o, 41 o, o5 21
Q CD OOQ CD OO
Man arbeitet wie bei der Oxydation vonoc -Methyl-Styrol (Beispiel 24 bis 35)» führt aber die Reaktion bei 5o°C durch. Die Olefin-Konzentration beträgt 5»1o Mol · 1 · Die Resultate- sind in Tabelle VIII zusammengestellt· The procedure is the same as for the oxidation of o-methyl-styrene (Examples 24 to 35) »but carries out the reaction at 50 ° C. The olefin concentration is 5 »10 Mol · 1 · The results are compiled in Table VIII ·
Beispiel Ντ· desExample Ντ · des
verwendeten Komplexes used complex
4444
4545
4646
Kokatalysator Cocatalyst
Pyridin-N-Oxyd Pyridine-N-oxide
Lösungsmittel solvent
Erhaltene ProdukteProducts received
Ace- 2,3-ton Dime- wand -1) thyl- lungAcetate 2,3-ton dimewall -1) thylation
Buten-Butene
-1-O1-3-1-O1-3
3o3o
3232
4141
Dichlor- o,9 ο,45 äthanDichloro, 9o, 45 ethane
Dichlor- o,44 o,36 äthan ■Dichloro- o, 44 o, 36 ethane ■
Dichlor- o,57 o,53 äthanDichloro, 57 o, 53 ethane
31350033135003
Man arbeitet wie in den Beispielen 44 bis 46 (Fall des 2f3-Dimethyl-Buten-2). Die Resultate sind in Tabelle IX angegeben.The procedure is as in Examples 44 to 46 (case of 2 f 3-dimethyl-2-butene). The results are given in Table IX.
Bei- Nr, des Kokata— Losungs- Erhaltene Umwandspiel verwende- lysator mittel Produkte lung Nr. ten Korn- (KoI-I"'1) Ace- 4-Me- (4) plexes ton thyl-No examples, the Kokata- Losungs- received Umwandspiel verwende- lyst medium products development no. Th grain (KOI-I "'1) acetone 4-Me (4) plex ton thyl-
i~ ) Penten-2-01-4 i ~) Penten-2-01-4
^ Pyridin- Dichlor- o,2 o,6 3o^ Pyridine dichloro, 2 o, 6 3o
N-Oxyd äthanN-oxide ethane
8 Pyridin- Dichlor- 0,06 o,18 128 pyridine dichloro 0.06 o, 18 12
N-Oxyd äthanN-oxide ethane
Claims (1)
a) ein tertiäres Amin
b) ein aromatisches Amin, das ein oder mehrerewhile L and L 1 , which can be the same or different, represent a mono- or multidate, electron-donating ligand from the following group:
a) a tertiary amine
b) an aromatic amine which is one or more
2o d) ein Phosphoramid der FormelAmide
2o d) a phosphoramide of the formula
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8019390A FR2489710A1 (en) | 1980-09-08 | 1980-09-08 | NOVEL OXO-TYPE VANADIUM COMPLEXES, PROCESS FOR THEIR MANUFACTURE, AND THEIR USE AS REAGENTS AND AS OXIDATION CATALYSTS OF UNSATURATED HYDROCARBON SUBSTRATES |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE3135008A1 true DE3135008A1 (en) | 1982-04-22 |
Family
ID=9245757
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19813135008 Withdrawn DE3135008A1 (en) | 1980-09-08 | 1981-09-04 | Novel vanadium complexes of the oxo type, processes for their preparation and their use as reaction components and as oxidation catalysts for unsaturated hydrocarbon substrates |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5778948A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3135008A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2489710A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1996020788A1 (en) * | 1994-12-30 | 1996-07-11 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Epoxides produced by the oxidation of olefines with air or oxygen |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2528852A1 (en) * | 1982-06-21 | 1983-12-23 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | NOVEL PEROXYDE COMPLEXES OF VANADIUM, NIOBIUM AND TANTALIUM, PROCESS FOR THEIR MANUFACTURE AND THEIR USE AS REAGENTS AND AS CATALYSTS OF OLEFIN EPOXIDATION AND HYDROCARBON HYDROXYLATION |
| IT1187738B (en) * | 1985-09-09 | 1987-12-23 | Interox Sa | PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ALDEHYDIC OR KETONIC COMPOUNDS AND ALDEHYDES AND KETONES OBTAINED BY THIS PROCEDURE |
| DE19533331A1 (en) * | 1995-09-11 | 1997-03-13 | Basf Ag | Metal complexes containing peroxo groups with amine oxide or phosphine oxide ligands as epoxidation catalysts |
| DE19608004A1 (en) * | 1996-03-04 | 1997-11-13 | Basf Ag | Process for the preparation of epoxides from olefins with bis (trisorganosilyl) peroxides in the presence of activators based on metal acid derivatives |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3455974A (en) * | 1966-06-10 | 1969-07-15 | Du Pont | Alkoxy vanadyl fluorides and their preparation |
-
1980
- 1980-09-08 FR FR8019390A patent/FR2489710A1/en active Granted
-
1981
- 1981-09-04 DE DE19813135008 patent/DE3135008A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1981-09-08 JP JP56142189A patent/JPS5778948A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5969166A (en) * | 1904-12-09 | 1999-10-19 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Epoxides produced by the oxidation of olefins with air or oxygen |
| WO1996020788A1 (en) * | 1994-12-30 | 1996-07-11 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Epoxides produced by the oxidation of olefines with air or oxygen |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2489710B1 (en) | 1984-07-27 |
| FR2489710A1 (en) | 1982-03-12 |
| JPS5778948A (en) | 1982-05-17 |
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