DE3177193D1 - ELECTRIC RESISTANCE HEATING ELEMENT WITH TEMPERATURE CONTROL. - Google Patents
ELECTRIC RESISTANCE HEATING ELEMENT WITH TEMPERATURE CONTROL.Info
- Publication number
- DE3177193D1 DE3177193D1 DE8181901612T DE3177193T DE3177193D1 DE 3177193 D1 DE3177193 D1 DE 3177193D1 DE 8181901612 T DE8181901612 T DE 8181901612T DE 3177193 T DE3177193 T DE 3177193T DE 3177193 D1 DE3177193 D1 DE 3177193D1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- heating element
- ferromagnetic material
- temperature
- current
- curie temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title abstract 6
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 abstract 5
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 abstract 3
- 230000002500 effect on skin Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
Landscapes
- General Induction Heating (AREA)
- Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Cookers (AREA)
Abstract
There are many situations requiring temperature regulation in heating elements which the prior art feedback control systems are not capable of handling adequately. In order to provide a temperature regulation in a narrow range around the Curie temperature, the heating element of the present invention is consisted of a substrate (35) or core (7) (25) of a nonmagnetic material having high thermal and electrical conductivity, clad with a surface layer (9) (27, 37) of a ferromagnetic material of relatively low electrical conductivity. When the heating element is energized by an electrical source (3) of high frequency alternating current, the skin effect initially confines current flow principally to the surface layer of ferromagnetic material. As temperature rises into the region of the Curie temperature of the ferromagnetic material, however, the decline in magnetic permeability of the ferromagnetic material causes a significant lessening of the skin effect, permitting migration of current into the high conductivity non-magnetic core, thereby simultaneously enlarging the cross-sectional area of the current flow path and expanding it into the highly conductive material; the resistance of the heating element becomes less due to both causes. By selecting the proper frequency for energization, by regulating the source to produce constant current, and by selecting dimensions and material parameters for the heating element, temperature regulation in a narrow range around the Curie temperature of the ferromagnetic material can be produced, despite considerable fluctuations in thermal load.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US1981/000278 WO1982003148A1 (en) | 1981-03-02 | 1981-03-02 | Electrically resistive heating element having temperature control |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE3177193D1 true DE3177193D1 (en) | 1990-07-19 |
Family
ID=22161126
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE8181901612T Expired - Lifetime DE3177193D1 (en) | 1981-03-02 | 1981-03-02 | ELECTRIC RESISTANCE HEATING ELEMENT WITH TEMPERATURE CONTROL. |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0073190B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE53737T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3177193D1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1982003148A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4701587A (en) * | 1979-08-31 | 1987-10-20 | Metcal, Inc. | Shielded heating element having intrinsic temperature control |
| CA1214815A (en) * | 1982-09-30 | 1986-12-02 | John F. Krumme | Autoregulating electrically shielded heater |
| US4752673A (en) * | 1982-12-01 | 1988-06-21 | Metcal, Inc. | Autoregulating heater |
| DE3579605D1 (en) * | 1984-03-06 | 1990-10-18 | Metcal Inc | HEAT TREATMENT METHOD BY MEANS OF SELF-REGULATING HEATING DEVICE. |
| JP7112426B2 (en) | 2017-06-28 | 2022-08-03 | フィリップ・モーリス・プロダクツ・ソシエテ・アノニム | Electrical heating assembly, aerosol generator and method for resistively heating an aerosol-forming substrate |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1975436A (en) * | 1929-11-08 | 1934-10-02 | Ugine Infra | Method of heating by induction and furnace therefor |
| US2181274A (en) * | 1938-05-11 | 1939-11-28 | Utilities Coordinated Res Inc | Induction heater construction |
| US2513778A (en) * | 1946-11-09 | 1950-07-04 | Chrysler Corp | Heat-treating apparatus |
| US3218384A (en) * | 1962-03-29 | 1965-11-16 | Int Nickel Co | Temperature-responsive transmission line conductor for de-icing |
| US3660585A (en) * | 1970-06-24 | 1972-05-02 | Robert D Waldron | Frozen shell metal melting means |
| US4017344A (en) * | 1973-03-05 | 1977-04-12 | Harold Lorber | Magnetically enhanced coaxial cable with improved time delay characteristics |
| FR2233685B1 (en) * | 1973-06-12 | 1977-05-06 | Josse Bernard | |
| JPS5247583B2 (en) * | 1974-01-09 | 1977-12-03 | ||
| US4091813A (en) * | 1975-03-14 | 1978-05-30 | Robert F. Shaw | Surgical instrument having self-regulated electrical proximity heating of its cutting edge and method of using the same |
-
1981
- 1981-03-02 DE DE8181901612T patent/DE3177193D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1981-03-02 WO PCT/US1981/000278 patent/WO1982003148A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1981-03-02 EP EP81901612A patent/EP0073190B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1981-03-02 AT AT81901612T patent/ATE53737T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0073190B1 (en) | 1990-06-13 |
| EP0073190A1 (en) | 1983-03-09 |
| EP0073190A4 (en) | 1983-06-15 |
| ATE53737T1 (en) | 1990-06-15 |
| WO1982003148A1 (en) | 1982-09-16 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8364 | No opposition during term of opposition |