DE3018018A1 - Bio:reactor for methane gas prodn. from organic substances - pretreated with amylase, lipase and protease, comprising separate fermentation chambers with circulation of biomass under gas pressure - Google Patents

Abstract

In a new bioreactor for rotting down organic substances to produce methane gas, (a) before introducing into the bioreactor the biomass is prefermented with the enzymes amylase, lipase and the proteases trypsin, chymotrypsin, elastase and carboxypeptidase to break down cyclic hydrocarbon molecules to short, readily-degradable open-chain molecules; (b) methane bacteria of the desired mesophilic type are cultivated separately on nutrient solution in a separate process to avoid degenerative effects arising from inoculation of fresh sludge with old sludge; (c) the biomass is hygienized by basifying to pH 12 with CaO and exothermic heating at 70 deg.C for 30 mins; (d) the biomass is rotted separately for the entire duration of composting in 12 individual chambers so that the development of methane bacteria is not inhibited by continuous charging; (e) the biomass is cycled through the serially arranged rotting chambers using biogas at the operating temp. of 38 deg., the chambers being fitted at 1-day or 2-day intervals; (f) all the chambers are arranged in series, linked by a closed pipe system, but the pH of each chamber is individually automatically regulated to pH7 by addn. of lime water; and (g) the biomass reactor is fitted with a double mantle and biomass temp. is held constant throughout the process using a thermostatted heating system. The measures outlined above ensure that development of methane-generating bacteria is undisturbed. Gas yields are high, CO2 content is low, and reaction time for 80% gas yield is reduced to 6 days.

Description

Title Bioreactor for anaerobic digestion of organic substances for the

THANGAS GENERATION BY FERMENTATION.

Description The invention relates to a biogas reactor and anaerobic System for generating methane gas from organic garbage, sewage sludge, manure and organic Waste of all kinds from agriculture, industry, municipal facilities and others, as well as organic plants grown in energy farms on the mainland and in the continental basin of the seas. In such bioreactors, according to the invention, the performance of Gas production increased considerably and the digestion times reduced considerably.

State of the art The state of the art is particularly international Bremen biogas workshop from May 1979 on behalf of the Senator for Economy and Foreign trade of the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen and the German Society for Technical Cooperation (GTZ) Eschborn in a manual (Bremer Overseas Research and Development Association) published.

In addition, A. is the Klöckner MTS process and B. is the Belimmer Heatamix system method has become particularly well known.

A. Klöckner MTS procedure from April 1978 KL-M 999851 part 1 B. Bellmer Post Wastewater Treatment Announcement 2 Page 10 Patent No. 1584907 1. According to the state technology, is exclusively with continuous feeding of the digestion towers worked, which through this the development of the old bacteria in their further development with special needs.

2. The new cultures are inoculated by old sludge, which is a natural Degeneration of the methane bacteria strains will 3. be mechanical Circulation of the groups of molecules in which the old bacteria have just accumulated have smashed and the methane bacteria also disturbed their development.

4. The Heatamix process is also implemented through hot gas circulation Disruptive factor because there is a high temperature gradient in the periphery of the heating gas bubbles to the biomass arises, which also hinders the development of methane bacteria, as these against Temperature gradients are particularly sensitive.

OBJECT The invention is based on the object of addressing these disadvantages to avoid and to allow an undisturbed development of the methane bacteria.

Solution This object is achieved according to the invention in that the Biomass a. Pre-fermentation takes place to break down the hydrocarbon ring molecules into easily digestible short chain molecules by amylase, lipase and the proteases as well as similar.

b. Separate cultivation of methane bacteria in nutrient solutions to avoid them the denegeration, for the inoculation of the newly introduced biomass.

c. Bioreactors with double walls and water bath when heated normal hot water heating and correct temperature control by means of a fine thermostat to achieve the necessary constant reactor temperature - 1 C.

d. separate bioreactor chambers for digestion of the biomass from the beginning until the end of the rotting process # it without disturbance and without refilling, thus reduced Digestion times of approx. 6 days at 80% of the total gas yield.

e. Circulation of the biomass through extracted own biogas the own 38 operating temperature, to circulate and destroy the floating sludge layer.

f. Reduction of the Co2 shares through the circulation system, which one after the other is passed through a chain of at least 12 chambers and the overpressure the pre-chamber circulates the subsequent chamber.

G. Increase in pH value by lime CaO to 12 pH and subsequently in Adjustment of the individual chambers to 7 pH, especially necessary due to Co2 enrichment see f.

Another embodiment of the invention takes place in a container construction 2.98 m wide and 3.98 m high, optionally 8, 10, 12 m long. For road transport with insertable dome for gas extraction of the circulation technology and filling.

The achievable advantages are a higher, lower gas yield c "2 Content and conversion of the digestion time on G Taue, with 80% gas yield.

Description of the bioreactors is a reactor with closed Individual chambers K 1-12 in which the biomass can be fed without being disturbed is filled in from start to finish. The bioreactor is about 3 m (2.98 #) as a barrel construction designed and road transportable.

The reactor is double-walled with a water bath connected to the heating system and regulated by means of a coarse and fine thermostat so that the biomass does not drop in temperature suffers.

The circulation and destruction of the floating sludge layer takes place via own extracted biogas under pressure with the same gas temperature of 38 #. Of the Chamber pressure for the circulation generated after a start-up with nitrogen from the pressure bottle in the following days by the fact that the chambers K 1-12 with daily or 2 daily stands be filled and thereby the gas generation in the chamber 1 by spontaneous onset Pressure development the following pressure and gas development gradients one after the other also circulate.

Pre-fermentation by means of enzymes takes place before loading - Amylase, lipase and the proteases and other required enzymes.

This pre-fermentation breaks the hydrocarbon rings into short easily digestible chain molecules, after the subsequent hygenization, 70 + 30 minutes, and pH value shift to 12 pH, by means of CaO, when it occurs exothermic heat and subsequent adjustment to 7 pH, the filling of the bioreactor chambers in 38% gas development without further pretreatment by inoculating the methane bacteria can start immediately.

The methane bacteria of the 38% group are separated on nutritional performance bred to avoid degeneration conditions caused by old sludge.

Claims (7)

, patent claims: bioreactor for anaerobic digestion of organic matter 113tent claim bioreactor for anaerobic digestion of organic substances for Methane gas production with fermentation by enzymes. This is characterized by: 1. The biomass before being introduced into the bioreactor with enzymes, amylase, lipase and the proteases trypsin, chymotrysin, Elastase, carboxypeptiase are pre-fermented to open up the hydrocarbon ring molecules into short, easily digestible chain molecules. 2. Separate cultivation of methane bacteria of the desired mesophile Types Example 38 on nutrient solution in a separate process is done for avoidance of degeneration symptoms by inoculating the fresh sludge with old sludge. 3. Hygenization by pH shifting to 12 pH by CaO and exothermic heating to 70 ° for a period of 30 minutes. 4. Separate digestion over the entire duration of the digestion meanwhile introduced biomass in the individual chambers K 1-12 around the development of methane bacteria not to be hindered by continuous loading. 5. Circulation of the biomass in the digestion chambers arranged one after the other, by means of extracted biogas below an operating temperature of 38 and to tear up the floating sludge layer in a closed pipe system one behind the other through all the digestion chambers and through pressurized gas Gradient of the developing gas pipe volume as a result, one after the other, filling the Chamber at daily or 2 daily intervals. 6. all digesters in batteries one behind the other, arranged in the closed Pipe system but each individual chamber is regulated to pH 7 by adding milk of lime and is set automatically. 7. Bioreactors, divided into digestion chambers - containers, road transportable in barrel construction with dome attachment and double jacket for heating and for keeping the temperature constant the biomass temperature during the entire duration of the process through the heating system by means of automatic thermostat control.