DE3016493A1 - PLANT BREEDING VESSEL AND METHOD FOR HANDLING AND PROTECTING A PLANT - Google Patents

Abstract

The transparent plant-cultivating vessel (1) is partially filled with water (2) and contains a rooted young plant (3) which is held in its root region in a rooting substrate (5). The rooting substrate (5) is vertically displaceable with a clamp fit along an inner wall of the cultivating vessel (1), which wall is of hollow-cylindrical shape at least in its upper part. The cultivating vessel (1) is closed at the top by a cap (10) so that the young plant (3) is situated in a delimited and closed-off living space. To influence its growth, the young plant (3) is displaced by means of the rooting substrate (5) into a position above the water surface (6), the ratio between the air space (13) above the substrate (5) and the space below the substrate (5), which contains mainly the water (2), being set. The young plant (3) can in this manner be raised in an undisturbed manner and without influence by the external environment of the cultivating vessel (1). <IMAGE>

Description

ZOSO

BREVETEAM S.A., CH 1700 - Friborg

Plant cultivation vessel and methods for handling and for. Protect a plant

The invention relates to a plant cultivation vessel, the one Contains a plant, a rooting substrate and water and has parallel inner walls at least in its upper part, as well as a method of handling and protecting a plant with the plant cultivation vessel .. '. "..- ■" -.V-. \

It is known to plant plants in pots made of ceramic, glass or plastic to draw with parallel inner walls. Feed the roots is exclusively in the ground. With a plant growing container of the type mentioned at the beginning, the plant feeds on a growth substrate made of earth, which is in the shape of a zy.iihder at the bottom trained vessel is located. The vessel is in ' a bowl with water is used, which penetrates through openings in the bottom of the vessel into the substrate. There are also hydroponic techniques known, in which the roots are generally on nutrient-free substrates, such as expanded clay, grains or granules made of perlite, sand or the like. and because of In the absence of a buffer effect, the nutrients are supplied in precisely dosed form. After sufficient rooting can be transplanted into soil. In this hydroculture process, the substrate is in an insert container, which is also placed in a larger vessel filled with water, so that the same and the substrate are immersed in the water. The first-mentioned method can also be converted to hydroponics, although the substrate is first

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carefully removed from the roots and these have to be washed off, which requires a careful and therefore costly procedure to avoid root damage. The known vessels have the common disadvantage that the young plant located outside the vessel or once it has grown out of it is extremely endangered during transport and therefore expensive measures are required for this. Careful handling is also required when transporting such vessels so that the water in them does not flow out. A transport, eg shipping such devices therefore, if at all possible i With a line-up of such only with great effort vessels, such as the sale or the consumer, the young plant is exposed in particular in their first Ehtwicklungsstadium full of ambient air, such as drafts or temperature changes, which can be detrimental to development.

The Swiss patent no. (Corresponding to CH patent application No. 11092 / 79-9 dated December 15, 1979, entitled "Process for the visible growing of a plant and cultivation vessel for plants ") describes a technically good solution for a method and cultivation vessel in which the plant can be moved up and down to a desired position in the vessel by means of a holder surrounding the plant stem. In this case, however, it is costly that this is the case for the consumer Establishing the cuttings must first be rooted, because in a transport without a container, the roots are at risk exposed to their injury, or that you have a rooted plant in its own jar or protective container to the place must transport to which a conversion into the known Breeding vessel takes place. It was therefore looked for ways, one to find suitable rooting facilities for ready-cultivated young plants.

It is the object of the invention to eliminate the disadvantages of the previously known vessels and methods for growing plants, and to create a plant cultivation vessel of the type mentioned at the outset which is sufficient for an inexpensive rooted plant Protection against the environment guaranteed and a transport

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and easy-to-set-up packaging for the rooted plant and provide a hydroponic facility and process with assured irrigation and growth development without transplanting target.

In order to solve the problem, the initially mentioned approach breeding vessel according to the invention the plant by means of the held together, rooting substrate sitting between the at least partially transparent and parallel inner walls kept that together with the. Plant on the parallel inner walls is arranged to be movable up and down along.

This creates a combination of vessel, plant, movable rooting substrate and water with which it is on the one hand it is possible that even people who are completely inexperienced in plant breeding will not only handle the plant in a simple manner and can grow, but can leave the same long-term without replacement of water or nutrients and, e.g. over practically only have to expose to one light source for a long period of time. The plant is in the created combination Protected against the environment not only during transport but also at the place of its installation and can in particular according to their growth by means of the movable rooting substrate be brought into the position corresponding to their root growth in the vessel. This also offers in particular, an inexpensive packaging for the plant, which makes transplanting unnecessary. Both that Plant and root growth as well as a required ratio of water volume and air space in the leaf area can be can be observed and controlled in a previously unknown manner.

Due to the expandable plant development over a fairly long period of time inside the container, the interior atmosphere is also much more balanced and the plants are therefore large less exposed to changing temperatures, drafts, etc. The combination of container, plant attachment in the root area and water content can be optimized so that a

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Sand the whole system, if necessary, in a lying position and under, for example, some of the less favorable light closure Day is possible. In any case, it can also be used if you are absent for a longer period of time of the user generally the plant system for weeks, if not months, even without major ones Left to damage and housed in a habitat that is also restricted and through which growth can be limited. This can be done with the exclusion of ambient air or by a throttled air supply from ambient air. It can be from a cutting or also a seedling planted in the rooting substrate can be assumed. But it can also be one already plant otherwise rooted in the rooting substrate be used in the vessel at a corresponding height of the same.

The plant cultivation vessel according to the invention is preferably used a method for handling and protecting the plant has been created by means of which the plant during its cultivation, for their transport or their installation with the rooting substrate guided between the parallel inner walls of the vessel is moved vertically into a desired position in the vessel.

A solution was therefore found in which the rooted Plants in large quantities, e.g. from nurseries or from retailers, from special breeding companies or from countries and e.g. in the meantime in trade and finally from Consumer can be placed.

However, according to the invention a per se known Verwurzelungssubstrat, das'keine nutrients can emit must ± ₀ surprisingly be placed over the nährstoffhaltigen'Wasser.

As a pre-rooting substrate, in which the lower part of the plant sits with the roots, a looser pre-rooting material, such as peat, foam, expanded clay or the like are present, which is covered by a cover, e.g. a solid sleeve,

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INSPECTED

a fleece, nonwoven or a, e.g. pot-like, Foil envelope is held together. The rooting substrate can also have its own internal cohesion, e.g. bound rock wool or peat culture door bound with foam, and Z. B. also have a shell of the aforementioned type. ' In this way, inexpensive, the entire cross-section of the vessel Creating rooting substrates that fill in and that are adapted or adaptable to the inner wall of the same, which also serve as carrier substrates can be viewed.

Foil wrapping, for example, has the advantage that on the one hand can be printed and instructions for treatment or advertising, and on the other hand, so that they are attractively colored can be designed. A foil cover also enables the rooting holder to slide well against the Vessel walls and it can also prevent algae growth in general, or be laminated.

In one embodiment, the rooting substrate has openings for the passage of the plant or its roots as well as for the passage of water into the vessel. However, the substrate can also be a water-permeable one that the roots can penetrate e.g. contain elastic material.

The rooting substrate can up to a passage opening for the plant and for pouring irrigation water into it must be closed by a cover to prevent water evaporation from the vessel through the substrate or at least to throttle or to prevent a falling out or crumbling of loose filling or carrier substrate during the displacement of the substrate migrates. Such a cover can also be made of stones, foreheads, earth, gravel, plastic granulate or balls, a foil or foil disk or plate or the like exist and are also designed in color and serve for embellishment. ■. .

On the rooting substrate, an outwardly over its profile

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protruding sealing ring can be provided or there can also be correspondingly designed cams, so that the substrate adapted to a larger inside diameter of the vessel or can be wedged between the parallel inner walls. The inner wall of the container can, however, also point towards the interior of the vessel above reinforcing rings or cams or constrictions on which the substrate is placed or between where it can be pinched. . .

The rooting substrate is formed, for example, in such a way that the Roots grow through one or in particular several openings of the same and find their way into the lower water supply can look for what experience has shown also takes place, with the underside of the substrate can also have a sieve bottom, e.g. a sieve plate or a mesh.

In an advantageous manner, a visible, controllable Irrigation carried out over long periods of time and the plant and root growth like in an aquarium and thus also health of the plant can be observed. In one embodiment, the vessel on its upper part can be completely or for a throttled air exchange between the vessel interior and the Ambient air must be closed by a cover. This allows the development of the plant through the translucent Vessel walls. against the outer atmosphere, e.g. draft or strong evaporation of the water contained in the vessel must be protected. ■

Compared to the previously common rooting systems, however the rooting substrate slidable so the same thing up be pulled up to the top of the breeding vessel can. In any way, the plant can be moved up or down in the vessel to a desired one Expose atmosphere. If, for example, the plant has grown strongly and the roots have largely filled their inner container area the rooting substrate with the plant can easily be transferred to another container with a larger one

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Root space are implemented, the upper container inner wall e.g. essentially also adapted to the external dimensions of the substrate is. The substrate can, however, also be inserted into a corresponding insert in the further container, in which it can also be moved.

The cultivation vessel can be set up with a flat bottom or be set up for hanging and the plant inserted into the container can be used, for example, for the transport of the environment are protected. Preferably, the rooting substrate is used depending on the ratio between Water and air space within the root area of the plant moved up and down. The plant can grow through dosage can be controlled by the amount and quality of the light, e.g. through exposure or darkening of the roots. Preferably that is Substrate arranged above the water surface, the vessel being transparent upwards from the upper edge of the substrate can be designed. However, the entire vessel can also be made translucent and in the root area, i.e. from the bottom to the rooting substrate on the vessel an opaque, permanently arranged or on the. Upper part of the vessel sliding cover e.g. a sleeve. In this way, the lighting and darkening can be do it wisely. The top of the vessel can also with a color that affects plant growth or only be colored for partial light penetration.

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The invention is illustrated below with reference to the drawing in exemplary embodiments explained in more detail.E s mean

Figure 1 shows a plant cultivation vessel with a rooted

Plant in a schematic representation in one view partially broken up.

Figure 2 shows the culture vessel of Figure 1 in a further Growth phase of the plant,

Figure 3 · another plant cultivation vessel after the • . . ■ ■ plants in a schematic representation and

Figures 4 to 7

each a different embodiment of a plant cultivation vessel in a schematic representation in a view, or in section.

A transparent cultivation vessel 1, e.g. made of glass or transparent Plastic, is partially filled with water 2 up to height H and contains a young plant 3 in its root area in a. Opening 4 (not shown) of a cylindrical rooting substrate 5 held horizontally and vertically will. With its lower end having roots, the young plant 3 is still in the substrate 5, which is at its Underside 7 openings .8 for the passage of the roots 9 has. The holder 4 can be made of a resilient, i.e. elastic material, preferably of a water-permeable material Material so that the root area can be kept moist. The rooting substrate sits in the upper part of the cultivation vessel 1, which here has a circular cross-section, with its & n Outer dimensions adapted to the inner walls with a press fit due to elastic inherent pressure above the water surface 6 and is vertical, i.e. in the direction of double arrow A between slidable along the parallel inner walls. The cultivation vessel 1 is closed at its upper open end by a cap 10 in such a way that that no or essentially no air exchange

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ORIGINAL INSPECTED

between the air space 13 in the cultivation vessel 1 and the same surrounding air space takes place. Through an opening (not shown) through in the cap 10 extends upwardly and outwardly a guide wire 11 attached to the substrate with a Handle 12 with which the substrate 5

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according to double arrow A vertically inside the plant growing% vial 1 can be moved. The guide wire 11 can also be a thin rod made of any material e.g. plastic or metal. But it can also pull pairs or the like to be used.

In Figure 1, the young plant 3 is in the cultivation vessel in one limited living space. In particular, photosynthesis is hindered because only that located in the limited air space 13 Carbon dioxide is available for absorption and given off. Oxygen is in excess, which limits growth works. For rooting,. Or. developing the roots lies however, a favorable humid atmosphere is present. The development takes place therefore exclusively in the limited living space and through the light entering the cultivation vessel 1.

Only natural water can be used, it can However, agents are also added to the water for development of the plant are favorable.

In Figure 2, in which like parts with Figure 1 have the same reference numerals, has the young plant 3 under stronger training of the roots 9, which have grown through the substrate 5 and the openings 8. Opposite the position In FIG. 1, the substrate 5 is up to the upper edge 14 of the vessel pulled upwards, the roots having grown through the openings 8 into the water 2. The cap 10 was removed at an earlier point in time, so that the Jun.gpf lanze 3 is exposed to the ambient air.

The cultivation vessel 1 has a flat bottom 15 so that it is set up can be. In this form, the combination of Grow vessel 1, plant 3, substrate 5 and water 2 on any Place stored and also transported. Until implementation, e.g. in Er.de, the young plant 3 can remain in the open cultivation vessel 1 according to FIG. However, this should only be done as long as how the roots are not hindered in their growth by the limited, water-containing part of the vessel. It is therefore placed in a vessel 16 with a larger internal volume

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um, which is also partially filled with water 2, as shown in Fi-. gur 3 shows in which like parts with- Figure 1 the same Have reference numbers. Since the vessel 16 in its upper part 17 has the same inner diameter D as the cultivation vessel 1, it can also accommodate the substrate 5 in the same way. The roots extend between the substrate 5 and the water surface 6 partially in an air space 18 so that they are sufficiently ventilated. ■;

FIG. 4 shows another transparent, circular in cross section Plant cultivation vessel 20 with a rooting substrate 21 with a young plant 22 (partially shown) which vertically between parallel inner walls 23 of Zucht.gefäßes 20 is movable. As the right part of FIG. 4 shows, the wall 23 has a constriction 24 protruding into the interior of the vessel, so that the substrate 21 is placed on this and in a desired Position can sit. The substrate 21 is surrounded by a film envelope 25, which according to the right-hand part of FIG. 4 also surrounds the underside 26 of the substrate 21 and has the openings 27 (only one shown) through which the roots 28 of the Young plant 22 has grown into the water 31 through an air space 29 above the water surface 30. According to the left part of the FIG. 4 can also have only one film jacket 32 which surrounds the substrate 21 in a cylindrical shape. The substrate 21 has in In this case, openings 33 for the passage of the roots 28. In the embodiment according to the left part of FIG Underside 26 may also have a sieve plate or a mesh attached (not shown). Furthermore, according to the left part of FIG instead of the constriction 24 protruding cams 34 into the interior of the vessel are provided, on which the substrate rests. As well as with the constriction 24 as well as with the cams 34, the substrate 21 can sit in a desired position. Both the constriction 24 and the cams 34 can be multiple at the same height of the vessel 20 are present, so that the substrate 21 in each case Desired height can be arranged «When moving the flexible substrate 21 can be forced to the constriction 24 or the cam 34 are pushed past.

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At the bottom of the vessel 20 there is an insert 35 in the water, in the form of a laminated body made of fiber material, the Active ingredients 35a, e.g. in the form of ion exchangers, nutrients, e.g. fertilizers or the like, as e.g. DE-Offenlegungsschrift 28 55 059 is described. In this way the roots 28 can be supplied with active substances, especially if they extend up to the insert 35. Instead of Inlay 35 can also contain granular nutrients between the roots and instead of the cams 34 can also be inwardly protruding ring present on which the substrate can sit. The water can also be in gel form, which is important for shipping of the plant cultivation vessel with plant and rooting substrate is advantageous.

As FIG. 5 shows, a plant cultivation vessel 36 has inwardly projecting cams 37 on the parallel inner walls 38 between which-a substrate 39 is clamped. Between the surface of the water 40 of the water 41 and the underside 42 of the substrate 39 there is an insert 43 made of fibrous material, which in turn contains active substances 44 and as in the one already mentioned DE-Offenlegungsschrift 28 55 059 can be executed. The insert 43 has openings 45 so that the roots 46 can grow through them into the water 41. The active ingredients 44 ″ are directly in the area through the insert 43 of roots 46.

As the right part of Figure 5 shows, the substrate 39 is through a plate 47 is covered, through which water evaporation through the substrate 39 is throttled, if not avoided can. In another embodiment according to the left-hand part of FIG FIG. 5 can also have a granular cover 48 which can reduce water evaporation in the same way.

FIG. 6 also shows the plant cultivation vessel 1 from FIG. 1 in one embodiment, in which there is a cover on the outside is surrounded (partially broken), which is completely around the outer circumference of the cultivation vessel 1 and on part of the height K of the same, e.g. extends at least at water level L.

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The cover 4 9 can be made of paper, metal foil, plastic or the like and is preferably opaque, but at most partially transparent to light. As a result, the root space 50 filled with the water 2 can be darkened so that the growth of the young plant is restricted can be. The cover can be in the form of a cuff, which is slipped over the cultivation vessel 1 and placed on it can be moved vertically according to double arrow E. Through this Not only can the root space 50 be darkened in any desired manner, but also the air space 13 containing the leaves 51 in the breeding vessel 1. · .. · .. '

Figure 7 shows another plant cultivation vessel 52, which for A plurality of rooting substrates 53 are set up to receive them, through which rooted young plants 54 in the cultivation vessel 52 being held. The rooting substrates 53 are on top a sieve plate 55 with openings 56, through which roots 57 of the young plants 54 water 58 in the cultivation vessel 52 have grown into it. The sieve plate 55 is secured by means of sliders 59 on the parallel inner walls 60 of the one circular cross-section having plant cultivation vessel 52 and can be displaced by a device not shown according to FIG Arrow F can be moved vertically in the cultivation vessel 52. This plate 55 is located above the water surface 61, see above that the rooting substrates 53 are also located above the same and the roots 57 are partially in one again Airspace 62 are located. With such an embodiment, several plants as in the preceding Shift embodiments vertically in the plant cultivation vessel 52 and therefore handle them in the same way protection.

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Claims (24)

-yf- 1. Plant growing container containing a plant, a rooting substrate and water and at least in its top has parallel inner walls, characterized in that the plant by means of the held together, .between the at least partially transparent and parallel inner walls are held by the rooting substrate, which, together with the plant, can be moved up and down along the parallel inner walls. 2. Plant cultivation vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that that the rooting substrate sits above the water. 3. Plant cultivation vessel according to patent claim 1, characterized in that the rooting substrate by means of an internal elastic pressure on any; • The inner wall of the "vessel, which has a circular, rectangular, triangular or oval cross-section, for example, can be locked automatically ..." 4. Plant cultivation vessel according to claim 3, characterized in that that the rooting substrate with at least one adjustment ring protruding beyond its outer profile or cams or by protruding after the vessel annex Lugs or a ring or constrictions in the vessel wall is held or wedged between the inner walls. 5. Plant cultivation vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that that, for example, the rooting substrate that fills the entire cross-section of the vessel has an inner one Cohesion possesses. 6. Plant cultivation vessel according to claim!, Characterized in that that, for example, the loose rooting substrate from an outer, lying on the parallel inner walls Covering the root passage, for example a sleeve, foil or foil jacket, e.g. cylindrical 13003270438 ORIGINAL INSPECTED which is enclosed. · - ■; -. 7. ■ plant cultivation vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that that the rooting substrate filling the cross-section of the vessel has openings for the plant, the passage of roots "and of water. 8. Plant cultivation vessel according to claim 7, characterized in that that the rooting substrate has an upper cover that prevents water evaporation, for example Pebbles, grains, soil, plastic granules or -balls, a film, plate or cap, or the like. 9. Plant cultivation vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that that the rooting substrate has a sieve-like bottom, for example in the form of a sieve plate, a network or the like. 10. Plant cultivation vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that the entire cultivation vessel is transparent. 11. Plant cultivation vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that that .Lm the root area on the vessel an opaque fixed or on the upper part of the vessel Slidable cover, for example sleeve is present. 12. Plant cultivation vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that at least the upper part of the vessel with a, color affecting plant growth or for one partial ·. Light passage is colored. 13.. Plant cultivation vessel according to claim 1, characterized thereby. draws that the water growth-influencing additives contains, for example, as granular nutrients in one Fiber system are present at a convenient distance from the roots for absorption. 14. Plant cultivation vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that that the water in transportable and for the 130032/0438
, · ORIGINAL / MSPECTED " Roots in a compatible manner bound in gel form. ' 15. Plant cultivation vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that that the rooting substrate. essentially consists of water-permeable material that the roots can penetrate, such as rock wool blocks, foam, Earth, peat, clay granules or grains or the like, optionally with a wrap. 16. Plant cultivation vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that that on the rooting substrate at least one. Guide means, for example made of stainless wire or Plastic wire is attached for sliding. 17. Plant cultivation vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that that the vessel at the top allows a fully sealing or partially, for example throttled, air exchange Has sealing cap. 18. Plant cultivation vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that that the plant is present, protected from the environment, in the container, for example for transport. 19. A method for handling and protecting a plant in a water-containing, at least partially.transparent plant cultivation vessel with at least in the upper part parallel inner walls according to claim 1,. Characterized in that the plant during its . their transportation or their lineup with a guided between the parallel Gefassinnenwänden Verwurzelungssübstrat vertically into a particular desired position in for ■ ^·: moving vessel. - 20. The method according to claim 39, characterized in that that the rooting substrate, for example with a cover, moves up and down adjacent to the parallel inner walls will. 130032 / (H 3 8 21. The method according to claim 19, characterized in / that the rooting substrate depending on the ratio between water and air space within the root area the plant is moved up or down. 22. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that that the rooting substrate at protruding constrictions, Rings or cams of the vessel walls in the desired Position is fixed. 23. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that the water passes through the rooting substrate is filled. 24. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that that plant growth consciously, for example through intermittent Exclusion of ambient air, a restricted exchange of air between ambient air and the interior of the vessel or by impairing the inner atmosphere of the vessel, for example as a result of excessive moisture that is unsuitable for plants, restricted or due to the amount and quality of the Light, controlled for example by exposing or darkening the roots or by partially pulling up the Plant in the air by means of the rooting substrate, for example by pulling it up to the top edge of the vessel, influenced by enlarging the root space will. 2.4.1980 / DN / st 1300 32/04 38 ORIGINAL INSPECTED