DE29903311U1 - Burner with a gas supply, a valve with a connecting device connected to it - Google Patents

Description

Ref: 210/98 . 24.02.1999

Burner with a gas supply,
a valve with a connecting distribution device

The invention relates to a burner with a gas supply, a valve, a connecting distribution device for the gas and
an ignition device for the distributed gas.

When preparing gases for the temperature treatment of objects, ceramic and metal grids or sieves are used, through which pressurized gases are passed in order to be ignited for the corresponding temperature use. Such flat burners have the disadvantage that the gases separated there and burned occur in a laminar flow and burn with a large number of individual flames arranged next to one another. This means that the efficiency of such a division of gases via sieves, metal grids or ceramics is very limited in terms of burner performance, since there are also areas in the

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The temperature of the flames can be lower than that of the core of the flame. With such gas preparation systems, it cannot be ruled out that the flames will ignite back into the reservoir and cause disastrous consequences there, unless safety measures are taken to prevent this risk by means of barriers, such as those used in autogenous welding torches.

Because of this difficulty, such burners have not been widely used for the incineration of sludge-contaminated waste water, or in general in waste disposal and recycling technology. Individual burners are used here, which consume a considerable amount of gas if they are operated with gas, which also has a negative impact in terms of the amount of gas that has to be made available and, above all, the space required for such a plant to operate economically. In addition, such large facilities cannot simply be used for the destruction or recycling of small quantities, since small plants are inevitably uneconomical in terms of efficiency and the accumulation of residues such as soot cannot be avoided.

Based on this, the present invention is based on the task of achieving residue-free combustion of gases with a high degree of adaptability to emerging requirements. This task is solved according to the invention with claim 1, starting from a burner with gas supply, a valve, an adjoining distribution device for the gas and an ignition device for the distributed gas, in that the gas to be distributed is distributed over a surface from an open-pore glass body and

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swirled out of the burner. Regardless of the amount passing through and regardless of the speed at which it passes through, the open-pored glass body according to the invention creates turbulence at its outlet, which leads to a turbulent outflow of the gas to be burned or the gas-air mixture to be burned from the open-pored glass body. As a result, a uniform temperature is achieved over the entire combustion surface upon ignition, in contrast to the prior art, which only knows a nozzle flow, and this turbulent outflow also clearly prevents the turbulent flame from flashing back behind the open-pored glass body. The open-pored glass body according to the invention therefore prevents individual flames in the sense of the nozzle flow, temperature differences in the flame carpet over the entire flame surface do not arise, and flashback of ignited swirling gas against the direction of flow is excluded.

The invention is the first to ensure that no harmful residual parts, residues or toxic substances that pollute the environment remain in the ash, both during recycling and during the final use of the material to produce non-toxic residues. Due to the temperature differences that inevitably occur in the previous jet flows between the individual cores of the individual flames and their shells, only average temperatures have been achievable to date, which lead to considerable emissions of pollutants after combustion, which can only be reduced by additional expensive filter arrangements.

A device operated according to the invention also requires significantly less combustion gas, since the turbulent outflow,

The degree of combustion is significantly increased and, in addition, no additional allowance for temperature differences over the area needs to be taken into account in order to be as certain as possible with regard to the safe combustion of any remaining harmful residues.

In an embodiment of the subject matter of the invention, it is proposed according to claim 2 that the open-pored glass body is designed in the shape of a plate. Due to the flat, plate-shaped design of the open-pored body according to the invention, the shape of the open-pored glass body required for a combustion process can then be produced very easily as a burner with as little effort as desired.

In addition, depending on the thickness of the plate to be selected according to the invention, the thermal output of the outflowing turbulent flame can be easily influenced.

Another embodiment of the invention is protected in claim 3, which is characterized in that the open-pore glass body is curved. As a result of the inventive design of the outflow side as a convex or concave surface, a temperature concentration or another spatially definable temperature distribution is achieved.

Claim 4 protects the subject matter of the invention in a further embodiment in which a glass ceramic forms the edge of the open-pore glass body. This considerably facilitates the connection between supply and discharge units, such as hoses, since in this

There are no pore openings running through the glass ceramic perpendicular to the flow direction.

In this respect, according to claim 5, several open-pore glass bodies are provided as wall parts in a hollow glass ceramic body. The invention thus makes it possible for the first time to form uniform temperature sources that can be predetermined and distributed spatially on a single body.

In particular, claim 6 shows a burner shape which is characterized in that the glass ceramic body is designed as a hollow sphere. By inserting several open-pored glass bodies, an ideal three-dimensional heating option is created without any risk of backflow of gas to be burned behind the open-pored glass bodies.

Instead of spatial bodies, according to claim 7, a glass ceramic field, i.e. a flat heating element, is protected in which several open-pored glass body islands are provided. This ensures that for a deformation of a body by means of thermal heating, this heating can be carried out simultaneously at different points and it is also achieved that the glass ceramic field according to the invention can be adapted to the configuration of different bodies to be deformed or deformable by thermal treatment.

In a further embodiment of the subject matter of the invention, according to claim 8, it is protected that as heat radiator at least the

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Outlet sides of the open-pore glass body areas of the burner for the swirling gas flow and an ignition device are provided with a heat-permeable cover arranged at a distance from these. This achieves the invention that the heat generated by the burner does not have to be passed on with the help of a heat exchanger, but that the temperature emitted by the burner according to the invention is passed on to a room, for example a living room, practically directly via a radiation wall without additional further losses.

According to claim 9, in an embodiment of claim 8, it is proposed that the heat-permeable cover carries a temperature sensor. As a result of this temperature sensor according to the invention, which also necessarily takes the room temperature into account, a considerable utilization in the heat supply of living spaces can be achieved.

In yet another embodiment of the subject matter of the invention according to claims 1 to 7, claim 10 provides that when objects are thermally processed in the flow direction, ignition devices are provided behind the outflow sides of open-pore glass body areas, that the swirling gas flow is ignited and that the turbulent flame front impinges on a material spaced apart from the burner. This clearly achieves a uniform, low-pollutant end product both in the thermal recycling of waste material and in the combustion of waste material, whether in the sewage or disposal sector.

In an embodiment of the inventive burner according to claim 10,

Claim 11 proposes that in a combustion furnace at least one burner provided with an open-pore glass body is arranged on the furnace wall so as to be rotatable and pivotable. As a result, the entire furnace area can have the same combustion temperature by controlling the throughput of fuel gas.

According to claim 12, it is considered to be an embodiment of the invention that, in a tubular furnace, burners are provided on the casing of the furnace that are movable in one plane around the entire circumference, and that the burners extend into the furnace interior with their open-pore glass bodies. This achieves a uniform temperature over the entire circular cross-section, thus ensuring that material to be burned or recycled is treated at exactly the right combustion temperature.

According to claim 13, in particular according to claim 11, a combustion furnace is protected which is characterized by a traveling grate and that at least two burners are provided, each with at least one glass body, in particular matched to the width of the traveling grate, that the burners are arranged so that they can pivot relative to one another and to the traveling grate. This makes it possible to reach a significantly higher temperature in the area of the traveling grate, namely in the combustion area of the material to be burned, without the traveling grate having to be designed for this temperature.

In the embodiment of this combustion furnace, according to claim 14, a temperature sensor whose position can be adjusted is provided above the traveling grate in the area of the material to be thermally treated. After the open-pored glass bodies have been adjusted to the width of the

If the two glass bodies are particularly adapted to the width of the traveling grate, it is sufficient to use a single temperature sensor, since the combustion temperature recorded there prevails over the entire width of the traveling grate. By changing the position of the temperature sensor, the generation plane of the angle at which the two open-pore glass bodies are aligned with each other can be determined according to the invention. At the same time, the highest combustion temperature also occurs in this narrow area.

^w In the following drawing, the invention is explained in more detail using exemplary embodiments.

They show in schematic representation

Figure 1 shows a burner according to the invention in section.

Figure 2a shows a double arrangement of burners in spatial representation.

Figure 2b shows the double arrangement according to Figure 2 in section in connection with a traveling grate.

Figure 3a shows a circular arrangement of burners in a tubular combustion plant in cross section.

Figure 3b the arrangement according to Figure 3a in longitudinal section with the discharge chute arranged thereon

Figure 4 an inventive application of a burner as a heat radiator In section

In the following description, identical components are designated by the same reference numbers.

A gas supply 1 according to Figure 1 is connected via a valve 2 through a conical opening 3 to an open-pored glass body 4.

By opening the valve 2, gas from the gas supply 1 flows through the valve 2 via the conical opening into the open-pored glass body 4 and is swirled within the open-pored glass body 4 by randomly aligned open pores 5. As a result, intensively swirled gas flows emerge from the open-pored glass body 4, which flow out turbulently as a flame as a turbulent flow 6 by means of an ignition device 7.

In Figure 1, a glass ceramic surrounds the open-pored glass body 4; the glass ceramic is connected to the conical opening 3, for example by means of gluing.

Instead of the open-pored glass body 4 shown in Figure 1 as a flat structure, it is however easily possible to connect a hollow body made of glass ceramic, a hollow sphere 9, as shown in dashed lines in Figure 1, directly to the outlet of the valve 2. If several islands 11 of open-pored glass bodies are now contained in the hollow sphere wall 10, this creates a spherical heat source or high temperature.

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temperatures radiating combustion source.

The flat plate with open-pore glass bodies 4 shown in Figure 1 or the islands 11 of open-pore glass bodies 4 arranged in the hollow sphere wall 10, which consists of glass ceramic 8, can be replaced by open-pore glass bodies in any shape, such as conical, kinked, spiral, oval, depending on the area of application.

The arrangement shown spatially in Figure 2a is an incineration plant in which a traveling grate 15 runs in the direction of arrow 16 and on which material 17 to be burned is fed for combustion.

Gas is supplied to a first burner 19 via a line 18 from the gas supply 1 and the valve 7. The burner 19 is pivotally mounted via a swivel joint 20 in relation to the traveling grate 15 and also to a second burner 21, which has a further swivel joint 22.

This makes it possible to vary an intersection point 23 between the flame directions shown as planes 24, 25 as desired.

The intersection point 23 therefore represents the freely selectable origin line of the angle at which the first burner 19 and the second burner 21 are inclined towards each other.

As shown in more detail in Figure 2b, the two focal planes 24, 25 intersect above the traveling grate 15, so that the traveling grate 15

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is only subjected to the heat load emanating from the second burner 21.

In the direction of advance 16 behind the cutting line 23, the entire material 17 to be burned is then burned and can be thrown off as ash 27 via a deflection which can simultaneously be a deflection roller 26 of the traveling grate 15.

Instead of the arrangement of the two burners shown in Figures 2a and 2b, the burner 21 can also be arranged above the traveling grate. This also creates a cutting line 23 between the two levels 24, 25, which can be moved as desired within the material 17 to be burned.

In this way, depending on the temperature in the area of cutting line 23, material can not only be burned but also converted into a defined recycled state.

In particular, the arrangement of the second burner 21 above the traveling grate 15 is recommended during recycling if it is absolutely necessary to avoid material adhering to the traveling grate 15 being transported back into the recycled form of the material.

In Figure 2a, a height-adjustable temperature sensor 28 is schematically arranged in order to use its information to orient the cutting line 23 in accordance with the traveling grate 15.

According to Figure 3a, a cross-section is illustrated how a plurality of burners 32 adapted to the external shape of a shaft furnace 31 with correspondingly adapted open-pore glass bodies 33 cover the entire shaft furnace cross-section 34 and, through corresponding superposition of the flame shapes, also inevitably bring about an increase in the combustion output of such a furnace in dependence on the increasing thickness of the material to be burned towards the central axis 35.

Figure 3b shows the shaft furnace 31 in longitudinal section with adapted burners 32 arranged on the circumference, which are supplied with fuel gas from a gas supply not shown.

The material to be burned, which is thrown in from above in the direction of arrow 36, enters a chute 37 at the end of the shaft furnace 31 and is disposed of via a movable opening 38 via a transport device 39.

The embodiment shown in Figure 4 shows a burner designed as a heat radiator in section. After opening the valve 2, gas from a gas supply (not shown) flows through the conical opening 3 to the open-pore glass body 4.

In the open-pored glass body 4, an intensive turbulence of the gas is achieved by the randomly running open pores of the open-pored glass body 4, so that when the gas exits 41 from the open-pored glass body 4, the turbulent flow 6 through the ignition device 7 sets in a turbulent flame front 42 extending away from the exit 41.

A flame monitor 43 that can be adjusted from the outside is arranged on the burner in the direction of the propagation of the turbulent flame front 42'. The adjustability of the flame monitor 43 is shown by a double arrow 44 pointing in two directions. Since this is also a turbulent flame front 42 that advances parallel to the outlet 41, in the simplest embodiment of the invention only a single flame monitor is required on the burner.

In the prior art, such a limitation of a flame front is not possible because, due to the nozzle flow used there, there is no turbulence of the gas to be burned, so that unburned parts in the edge area of the respective flame are initially moved along and then possibly ignited in an uncontrolled manner. The result of this is that an overall flame is created whose appearance is not parallel to the outlet across the entire width of the outlet, but inevitably has flickering, circumferential elevations whose distances from the outlet 41 are constantly changing and thus cannot be estimated or used as a measurable quantity for flame control.

However, the invention ensures that a flame front is always created which runs parallel to the surface of the outlet, regardless of the shape of the outlet 41, i.e. even in the case of spatially curved bodies. As explained above, a single flame detector 43 is therefore considered sufficient to control the flame front 42.

As already mentioned, the flame detector is adjustable relative to the outlet 41, so that depending on a not shown

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The thickness of the flame front 45, which serves as a heat source, can also be determined by means of room thermostats. A non-combustible cover 46 is provided over the entire outlet 41, which is spaced such that contact between the flame front 42 and the non-combustible cover 46 is excluded.

A further temperature sensor is arranged on the cover 46, which takes into account both the cover temperature and the room temperature and controls the burner depending on these two values.

With such a room heating system, a direct heat supply is created without the need for heat exchangers and additional environmental pollution from unburned gas, which can be used as individual heating for each room, for example. Since the entire power supply for such a room heater can be low-voltage, the risk of accidents due to short circuits is also excluded. It is of course also conceivable to create a warm air heating system that works for several rooms or for a house using appropriate air ducts.

Claims (14)

1. Burner with a gas supply ( 1 ), a valve ( 2 ), an adjoining distribution device for the gas and an ignition device for the distributed gas, characterized in that the gas to be distributed emerges from the burner from an open-pore glass body ( 4 ) in a surface-distributed and swirling manner. 2. Burner according to claim 1, characterized in that the open-pored glass body ( 4 ) is plate-shaped. 3. Burner according to claim 1, characterized in that the open-pored glass body ( 4 ) is curved. 4. Burner according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that a glass ceramic ( 8 ) forms the edge of the open-pore glass body ( 4 ). 5. Burner according to one or more of the preceding claims 1 to 3, characterized in that several open-pored glass bodies ( 4 ) are provided as wall parts in a hollow glass ceramic body. 6. Burner according to claim 5, characterized in that a glass ceramic body ( 8 ) designed as a hollow sphere ( 9 ) carries open-pored glass bodies ( 4 ) penetrating its wall. 7. Burner according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that several open-pore glass body islands ( 4 ) are provided in a glass ceramic field. 8. Burner according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least the outlet sides ( 41 ) of the open-pore glass body regions ( 4 ) of the burner for the swirling gas flow and an ignition device are provided with a heat-permeable cover ( 46 ) arranged at a distance from these as heat radiators. 9. Burner according to claim 8, characterized in that the heat-permeable cover ( 46 ) carries a temperature sensor ( 47 ). 10. Burner according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that during thermal processing of objects at least the turbulent gas flow leaving the outflow sides ( 42 ) of open-pore glass body regions ( 4 ) is ignited by an ignition device and that the turbulent flame front impinges on a material ( 17 ) spaced apart from the burner. 11. Burner according to claim 10, characterized in that in a combustion furnace at least one burner ( 19 ) is arranged rotatably and pivotably on a furnace wall. 12. Combustion furnace according to claim 11, characterized in that in the case of a tubular furnace, a burner ( 19 ) is provided on the casing of the furnace, which is movable in a plane around the entire circumference, and that the burners ( 19 ) with their open-pore glass bodies protrude into the interior of the furnace. 13. Combustion furnace in particular according to claim 11, characterized in that a traveling grate ( 15 ) and at least two burners ( 19 , 21 ) are provided, each with at least one open-pore glass body adapted in particular to the width of the traveling grate 15 , that the burners ( 19 , 21 ) are arranged pivotably relative to one another and to the traveling grate ( 15 ). 14. Combustion furnace according to claim 13, characterized in that a temperature sensor ( 28 ) adjustable in its position is provided above the traveling grate ( 15 ) in the region of the material to be thermally treated ( 17 ).