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DE2541626A1 - Molten lead as cooling medium - for fuel rods in fuel elements of a nuclear, reactor, utilising heat absorbed to generate steam - Google Patents

Molten lead as cooling medium - for fuel rods in fuel elements of a nuclear, reactor, utilising heat absorbed to generate steam

Info

Publication number
DE2541626A1
DE2541626A1 DE19752541626 DE2541626A DE2541626A1 DE 2541626 A1 DE2541626 A1 DE 2541626A1 DE 19752541626 DE19752541626 DE 19752541626 DE 2541626 A DE2541626 A DE 2541626A DE 2541626 A1 DE2541626 A1 DE 2541626A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
fuel
lead
molten lead
cooling medium
fuel rods
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DE19752541626
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Franz Donatus Prof Timmermans
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Timmermans franz Donatus profdrmeddrphil
Original Assignee
Timmermans franz Donatus profdrmeddrphil
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Timmermans franz Donatus profdrmeddrphil filed Critical Timmermans franz Donatus profdrmeddrphil
Priority to DE19752541626 priority Critical patent/DE2541626A1/en
Publication of DE2541626A1 publication Critical patent/DE2541626A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G21NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21CNUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C15/00Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30Nuclear fission reactors

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

Cooling of the fuel rods is effected using a liq. metal (alloy) pref. Pb. The heated cooling medium is transferred to a steam generator. Pb can be heated above 300 degrees C (of water where steam bubbles form and damage may be caused. An additional benefit is the radiation shielding effect of lead. The steam generator is pref. a water tube boiler, with the molten lead circulating round the tubes. Advantageously, each water tube is surrounded concentrically with a boiling pipe through which the molten lead flows.

Description

Verfahren zur Kühlung von Brennstäben in Entstrechenden Process for cooling fuel rods in the corresponding parts

Brenn- elementen für Atomkrafterzeugung = = Bei dem gewärtig angewendeten Verfahren zur Nutzung der htomenergie in Atomkraftwerken werden die Energiespendenden Brennelemente mit Wasser als einer Kühlflüssigkeit und zugleich Energieüberträger ausgerüstet. Dabei kann die Temperatur aes Wassers in dem Brennelement bis auf 3000 C erhitzt werden. Bei Erwärmung über 3000 C kommt es zu Wasserdampfblasen an den Brennstäben, wodurch der Stahlüberzug der Brennstäbe Verbrennungsdefekte erleiden kann. Die Dampferzeugung bleibt hierdurch aui 3000 C beschrankt. Die üoer 30UQ C liegende Spanne bis zu 90° C und mehr geht aer Energieerzeugung verloren. Das Enuergebnis ist ein großer Wärmeverlust als Abwärme.Fuel elements for atomic power generation = = In the case of the currently used The energy donors are methods of using the htomergie in nuclear power plants Fuel elements with water as a cooling liquid and at the same time an energy carrier equipped. The temperature of the water in the fuel assembly can be up to 3000 C. If the temperature rises above 3000 C, water vapor bubbles form on the Fuel rods, whereby the steel coating of the fuel rods suffer combustion defects can. As a result, steam generation remains limited to 3000 C. The over 30UQ C A range of up to 90 ° C and more is lost when generating energy. The enu result is a large heat loss as waste heat.

Die vorliegende Erfindung bemüht sich um eine Herabsetzung dieses Wärmeverlustes als Abwärme. Benutzt man statt Wasser als Energieträger das Metall Blei im flüssigen Zustande, so kann die von den Brennstäben abgenommene Warme eine Temperatur von 1 1000 C und mehr erreichen, ohne den Stahlmantel der Brennstäbe zu gefährden. Es wird also die Dampferzeugung für die Erzeugung des hochgespannten Wasserdampfes bei hoher Temperatur von 1 10000 und darüber. erfolgen können. Dabei bleiben die zirkulierenden Bleimengen an und für sich frei von hohen Drucken. Liese treten erst in dem Wasserdampferzeuger auf. Sie könne aber aurch entsprechende Konstruktionen beherrscht werden. Zum Beispiel kann das glühende Bleimetall in einem Siederohrsystem aus hochwertigen Stahlrohren Wasserdampf von 5500 C und mehr zum treiben der turbinen erzeugen. The present invention seeks to mitigate this Heat loss as waste heat. If you use metal instead of water as an energy carrier Lead in the liquid state, so the heat taken from the fuel rods can be Reach temperatures of 1 1000 C and more without the steel jacket of the fuel rods to endanger. So it is the steam generation for the generation of the high voltage Water vapor at high temperature of 1 10,000 and above. can be done. Included the circulating amounts of lead in and of themselves remain free of high pressures. Liese only occur in the steam generator. But you can also use appropriate constructions be mastered. For example, the glowing lead metal can be found in a boiler pipe system from high-quality steel pipes water vapor of 5500 C and more to drive the turbines produce.

Die Gefahr einer Diffusionsschädigung aes Systems ist nicht zu befürchten, ua Blei auch bei hohen Temperaturen vo 1 1500 C und darüber nicht in Stahl diffundiert.The risk of diffusion damage to a system is not to be feared, Among other things, lead does not diffuse into steel even at high temperatures of 1 1500 C and above.

Bin sehr nützlicher Nebeneffekt liegt in dem Strahlenschutz uen das Bleisystem bieten.A very useful side effect is the radiation protection Offer lead system.

Setzt man die bisher erreichte Betriebstemperatur im Wasserdampf aer Turbine aui u0 C, berücksichtigt man den Kondensationspunkt bei 10 C, so verbleiben für die Energieerzeugung allein die Druckabfallwerte von 2000 C. Bei aem Bleikühlsystem in den Brennelementen dagegen verbleiben von 5500 C nach Abzug der Sonden -sationswärme von 100° kj indessen 4500 C. Das besagt bei Anwendune des cleikühlvervahrens im Brennelement erzielt man einen 2,0 - - wachen Nutzeifekt gegenüber dem asserkühlveriahren, also eine mei als doppelse nergienutzung die auch noch vergrößert weraen kann, vorzugsweise durch eine entsprechenue Verringerung und Aufteilung der Wasserkessel Oberiläche, zum Beispiel durch Ausbildung des Bleierhitzers als System mit geringem Innenaruck ( Bleigewicht ) und Ausbildung eines Systems von Kesselrohren für die Wasserführung. Durch ein solches System werden die Druckverhältnisse des Kesselwassers günstig gestaltet (Wasserrohrkessel Die Wärmeableitung von den Brennstäben durch die verwendete Me -tallschmelze - vorzugsweise Blei - erfolgt praktisch ohne Druck von Bedeutung, etwa mit 1 1000C . Die Rohre des Wasserrohrkessels werden von den bleischmelzeführenden heizrohren vorzugsweise koe zentrisch umschlossen. Die Temperaturen in Wasser und Bleischmel -zezuiluß mit Bezug auf die Dampfdrucke und Temperaturen werden durch einen Regler gesteuert.If the operating temperature reached so far is set in the water vapor aer Turbine aui u0 C, taking into account the condensation point at 10 C, remain for power generation alone the pressure drop values of 2000 C. With a lead cooling system In contrast, 5500 C remain in the fuel assemblies after deduction of the probe sation heat of 100 ° kj, however, 4500 C. That means when applying the cleikühlvervahrens im Fuel element achieves a 2.0 - - wakeful efficiency compared to the water cooling process, So a mei as a double use of energy that can also be increased, preferably through a corresponding reduction and division of the surface of the kettle, for example by designing the lead heater as a system with low internal pressure (Lead weight) and formation of a system of boiler tubes for the water supply. Such a system makes the pressure conditions of the boiler water favorable designed (water tube boiler The heat dissipation from the fuel rods by the used Metal melt - preferably lead - takes place with practically no pressure of importance, around 1 1000C. The pipes of the water tube boiler are made of molten lead heating pipes preferably centrally enclosed. The temperatures in water and Lead melt influx with respect to the vapor pressures and temperatures are through controlled by a regulator.

Claims (4)

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e 1:) Verlanren zur kühlung der brennstabe in den Brennelementen, gekennzeichnet durch die Verwendung von flüssigem Metall oder Metallegierungen vorzugsweise von Blei als Flüssigkeit. P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e 1 :) Request to cool the fuel rod in the fuel assemblies, characterized by the use of liquid metal or metal alloys, preferably of lead as a liquid. 2.) Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dali das heiße Kühlmettal aus den Brennelementen dem Wasserdampferzeuger für aen Dampfturbenenantrieb zugeleitet wird. 2.) Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the hot one Cooling metal from the fuel elements to the steam generator for a steam turbo drive is forwarded. 3.) Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Wasserdampferzeuger ausgebildet ist als ein Wasserrohrkessel. 3.) Method according to claim 1 to 2, characterized in that the steam generator is designed as a water tube boiler. 4.) Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jedes Wasserrohr dieses Wasserdampferzeugers - vorzugsweise -konzentrisch in einem mit Metallschmelze ( Blei ) laufend durchflossenen Siederohr gelagert ist.4.) The method according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that each Water pipe of this steam generator - preferably - concentric in one with Molten metal (lead) is stored continuously flowing through the boiler pipe.
DE19752541626 1975-09-18 1975-09-18 Molten lead as cooling medium - for fuel rods in fuel elements of a nuclear, reactor, utilising heat absorbed to generate steam Pending DE2541626A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19752541626 DE2541626A1 (en) 1975-09-18 1975-09-18 Molten lead as cooling medium - for fuel rods in fuel elements of a nuclear, reactor, utilising heat absorbed to generate steam

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19752541626 DE2541626A1 (en) 1975-09-18 1975-09-18 Molten lead as cooling medium - for fuel rods in fuel elements of a nuclear, reactor, utilising heat absorbed to generate steam

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE2541626A1 true DE2541626A1 (en) 1977-03-24

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ID=5956793

Family Applications (1)

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DE19752541626 Pending DE2541626A1 (en) 1975-09-18 1975-09-18 Molten lead as cooling medium - for fuel rods in fuel elements of a nuclear, reactor, utilising heat absorbed to generate steam

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE2541626A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0829556A4 (en) * 1996-03-18 1999-06-09 G Nauchny Ts Fiz Energet I Method of maintaining the corrosion resistance of a steel circulation system with a lead-containing coolant

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0829556A4 (en) * 1996-03-18 1999-06-09 G Nauchny Ts Fiz Energet I Method of maintaining the corrosion resistance of a steel circulation system with a lead-containing coolant

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