DE242570C - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- DE242570C DE242570C DENDAT242570D DE242570DA DE242570C DE 242570 C DE242570 C DE 242570C DE NDAT242570 D DENDAT242570 D DE NDAT242570D DE 242570D A DE242570D A DE 242570DA DE 242570 C DE242570 C DE 242570C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- discharge
- chlorine
- mixture
- reaction
- silent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloromethane Chemical compound ClC NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- JLYXXMFPNIAWKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N γ Benzene hexachloride Chemical compound ClC1C(Cl)C(Cl)C(Cl)C(Cl)C1Cl JLYXXMFPNIAWKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical class ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNHQSAUHXKRQMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene;chlorine Chemical compound [Cl].C1=CC=CC=C1 GNHQSAUHXKRQMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001804 chlorine Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- -1 chlorine forms chloroacetic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940050176 methyl chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036561 sun exposure Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
- C07C17/26—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by reactions involving an increase in the number of carbon atoms in the skeleton
- C07C17/263—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by reactions involving an increase in the number of carbon atoms in the skeleton by condensation reactions
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Discharge Lamp (AREA)
Description
KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL
PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.
PATENTSCHRIFTPATENT LETTERING
KLASSE 12 o. GRUPPECLASS 12 or GROUP
Bekanntlich vereinigen sich Benzol und Chlor im Sonnenlichte zu Benzolhex.achlorid. Durch die Versuche von Ruß (Berichte d. D. ehem. Ges. 1905, S. 1315) -ist ferner bekannt geworden, daß die stille elektrische Entladung die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit eines Benzolchlorgemisches wesentlich steigert, ohne hierbei den qualitativen Reaktionsverlauf zu verändern, so daß auch in diesem Falle Benzolhexachlorid entsteht. Es wird ebendaselbst erwähnt, daß entladenes Chlor mit im Dunkeln befindlicher Essigsäure Chloressigsäuren bildet, eine Reaktion, welche sonst nur unter Einfluß des direkten Sonnenlichtes stattfindet. Es war somit zu erwarten, daß ein Gemenge von Methan und Chlor, welches bekanntlich im Sonnenlichte explodiert, unter der Einwirkung der stillen Entladung mit größerer Energie explodieren wird, so daß die Explosion in guter Ausbeute Salzsäure und fein verteilte Kohle liefern wird. Die Versuche zeigten aber, daß die Entladung in diesem Falle nicht einen quantitativ mehrfachen Effekt der Sonnenbelichtung hervorruft, sondern nur den Effekt der diffusen Beleuchtung — d. i. die Bildung von verschieden hoch chlorierten Kohlenwasserstoffderivaten — vermehrfacht, ohne das Gemenge zur Explosion zu bringen. Während aber die Energie der diffusen Beleuchtung stets von den örtlichen Verhältnissen abhängig ist und kaum geregelt werden kann, läßt sich die Energie und die Dauer der Entladung in weiten Grenzen ändern, so daß hierdurch die Reaktion derart beeinflußt wird, daß im Produkte das eine oder das andere Chlorderivat in überwiegender Menge vorherrscht. Unter dem Einflüsse der stillen elektrischen Entladung verläuft die Chlorierung des Methans mit viel größerer Geschwindigkeit als bei diffuser Beleuchtung. Treibt man z. B. ein Gemenge von 1 Raumteil Methan und 1 Raumteil Chlor in raschem Strome durch den schwach geladenen Entladungsraum, so entstehen vorzugsweise Methylchlorid und Methylenchlorid; dasselbe Gemenge, stärkerer Entladung ausgesetzt, liefert in überwiegender Menge flüssige Chlorderivate, während bei Anwendung höchst zulässiger Spannungen und längerer Einwirkung nahezu ausschließlich feste Produkte, wie C2 Cl6 usw., entstehen.It is well known that benzene and chlorine combine in sunlight to form benzene hexachloride. Through the experiments of soot (reports d. D. former Ges. 1905, p. 1315) it has also become known that the silent electrical discharge significantly increases the reaction rate of a benzene chlorine mixture without changing the qualitative course of the reaction, so that in this case benzene hexachloride is formed. It is also mentioned that discharged chlorine forms chloroacetic acids with acetic acid in the dark, a reaction which otherwise only takes place under the influence of direct sunlight. It was therefore to be expected that a mixture of methane and chlorine, which is known to explode in sunlight, would explode with greater energy under the influence of the silent discharge, so that the explosion would yield hydrochloric acid and finely divided coal in good yield. The experiments showed, however, that the discharge in this case does not produce a quantitatively multiple effect of the sun exposure, but only multiplies the effect of diffuse lighting - that is, the formation of different levels of chlorinated hydrocarbon derivatives - without causing the mixture to explode. While the energy of diffuse lighting is always dependent on the local conditions and can hardly be regulated, the energy and the duration of the discharge can be changed within wide limits, so that the reaction is influenced in such a way that one or the other in the product other chlorine derivative predominates in abundance. Under the influence of the silent electrical discharge, the chlorination of the methane proceeds at a much greater rate than with diffuse lighting. If you drive z. B. a mixture of 1 part by volume of methane and 1 part by volume of chlorine in a rapid stream through the weakly charged discharge space, preferably methyl chloride and methylene chloride are formed; the same mixture, exposed to a stronger discharge, delivers predominantly liquid chlorine derivatives, while the application of the highest permissible voltages and prolonged exposure almost exclusively results in solid products such as C 2 Cl 6 etc.
Es wird bemerkt, daß die Erzeugung von Halogenderivaten aus den Halogenen und Kohlenwasserstoffen - durch die Einwirkung chemisch wirksamer Lichtstrahlen bekannt ist, jedoch leidet diese Reaktion daran, daß sie unregelbar ist und leicht zur unbeabsichtigten Explosion führt; El worthy (frz. Pat. 354291) mischt daher zu den Gasen inerte Gase. Demgegenüber wird bei dem vorliegenden Verfahren ohne verdünnende, die ManipulationIt is noted that the production of halogen derivatives from the halogens and Hydrocarbons - known from the action of chemically active light rays, however, this response suffers from being irregular and easy to be unintentional Explosion leads; El worthy (French Pat. 354291) therefore mixes inert gases with the gases. In contrast, in the present method without diluting that manipulation
umständlich machende inerte Gase gearbeitet, aber der Reaktionsverlauf durch Regelung der die Reaktion qualitativ mildernden, quantitativ aber beschleunigenden stillen Entladung vollkommen beherrscht.cumbersome inert gases worked, but the course of the reaction by regulating the qualitative attenuating the reaction, quantitative but accelerating silent discharge completely mastered.
Statt freier Halogene kann man selbstverständlich auch solche Verbindungen verwenden, welche unter der Einwirkung der stillen Entladung Halogene in Freiheit setzen.Instead of free halogens, you can of course also use such compounds, which, under the influence of the silent discharge, set halogens free.
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE242570C true DE242570C (en) |
Family
ID=501764
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DENDAT242570D Active DE242570C (en) |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE242570C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6406552B1 (en) | 1998-12-03 | 2002-06-18 | Heraeus Quarzglas Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for cleaning SiO2 grain |
-
0
- DE DENDAT242570D patent/DE242570C/de active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6406552B1 (en) | 1998-12-03 | 2002-06-18 | Heraeus Quarzglas Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for cleaning SiO2 grain |
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