DE2440743C3 - Combustion process and cyclone reactor for rendering waste water harmless - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method and a Zyklonrcakior according to the preambles of preceding claims I and 2.

Such a combustion process and such a cyclone reactor are already disclosed in SU-PS 2 19 735 known. In the known combustion process and the known Zyklonrcakior the melt easily meltable mineral admixtures of the Wastewater and form the melt film flowing down the reactor walls. For processing The working temperature of the cyclone reactor must be used for wastewater with heavy-duty mineral admixtures either be chosen so high that the refractory mineral admixtures also melt and flow down the reactor walls in the form of a melt film, or the Fesisioffpartikal together mild combustion products are discharged from the reactor. This either has the Disadvantage that to achieve the high temperatures,

'where the refractory mineral admixtures melt, considerable additional ones Quantities of fuel are required, or that large and complicated equipment is required to remove the solid particles from the combustion products. that the manufacturing, operating and maintenance costs of the system are correspondingly high to drive.

The invention is therefore based on the object of a combustion method and a cyclone reactor for

ι ⁵ Indicate the rendering of waste water harmless that contains organic and fusible mineral admixtures, which enables the economic processing of wastewater with organic and refractory mineral admixtures without the use of additional

-0 lighter, more complicated and more expensive equipment for Enable flue gas cleaning of solid particles.

This task is in the generic

Combustion process or the generic cyclone reactor according to the invention by the in the kcnn-

-i drawing part of claim 1 or 2 described measures solved.

It is known per se from US-PS 34 21 462, the nozzles for the supply in the waste water incineration various wastewater in one reactor.

^{! l)} to order. In this case, however, the purpose of this is to achieve a good leveling of the wastewater droplets in the case of large wastewater narrows and to distribute the wastewater jet over as great a height as possible of the cyclone actuator so that the combustion products as far as possible

⁾ come into intimate contact with the wastewater. It is also known per se from US-PS 25 93 503 to swirl wastewater at an angle to the tangent of an inner chamber wall.

The combustion process according to the invention and the cyclone reactor according to the invention for carrying it out make it possible. the incineration process to render waste water harmless, which is organic and refractory mineral additions, with a minimum specific fuel content

^{(It is} necessary and highly efficient to collect fusible mineral additions within the cyclone reactor and to carry out the last-mentioned additions together with the melt of meltable mineral substances

^r '° to dissipate.

Tests carried out have shown that within the chamber of the / yclonic reactor Difficult-to-melt mineral substances such as nairium orthophosphhal (Nail'O-i). Aluminum oxide (Al_> O |), silicon

^r > ^r > umdioxid (SiO)) and other substances can be collected, with the same / urgent wastewater, which iinicrschliedliche categories of organic impurities, such as alcohols. Acids. Ketones. Aldehydes. Phenols. Adhere to amines and other substances, harmless

^w) can be made.

Tests in a test facility / to render harmless a lye runoff that occurs during the Production of caprolactam arises and contains sodium salts of organic acids, as well as the waste water

'>' 'a biochemical station, which organic Contains admixtures and refractory aluminum oxide, have shown that in the from the Reactor withdrawn melt Na? CO) and

are located.

Below are a preferred embodiment of the incineration process: to render harmless of sewage and the cyclone reactor to carry out this process based on the drawing explained. It shows

F i g. I a longitudinal section through a cyclone area to render wastewater harmless by incineration,

Fig. 2 the section U-II of Fi g. 1,

Fig. 3 shows the section IH-111 of F ig. 1 and

F i g. 4 the section IV-IV of FIG. 1.

The incineration process for rendering waste water harmless, which contains organic and refractory mineral additions, is carried out as follows.

Fuel is tangentially introduced into the reactor along with air, which is necessary for burning both the fuel and the combustible waste water admixtures. In the products of combustion of the fuel, which have a temperature of 1400-1550 ⁰ C, atomized waste water is eingeffihrt, which has organic and leichtschmelzbare mineral admixtures. This is, for example, wastewater from herbicide production with the following composition (g / l): sodium chloride-230; Methyl alcohol-10; Formaldehyde-1; Aniline - 13 and polyamines - 7.

The high-temperature combustion products evaporate, decompose and oxidize water droplets flammable admixtures and melt particles of easily fusible mineral admixtures (Melting temperature of fusible mineral admixtures is 810 ° C), whereby this wastewater is so in the reactor is guided that when burning the organic impurities a on the reactor walls downward flowing melt film from body melt / baren mineral admixtures. A melt film made of easily meltable mineral additions can be cr / eugl using various methods: for example, the wastewater with the additions mentioned can be tangential to the reactor walls be introduced, with the result that easily fusible mineral additions to the reactor walls be thrown and form a melt / .film: it can also the sewage in the already swirled stream of combustion product of fuel or air are introduced. Such a Film can also be achieved by uniformly dousing the vertical reactor wall with waste water, for example with the help of swinging glasses, er / narrow will.

The melted film of easily melted / barai minerals flows down under the influence of gravity and kinetic energy of the moving combustion product stream. The wastewater which contains organic and low-melting / .able mineral admixtures, such as, for example, the wastewater from a bacterial cell with the following composition (g / l): emulsifier-10; Oil-J and Nh ₁ PO ₄ -jō (melting temperature of NUiPO ₄ 1340 ⁰ C) may be introduced in atomized state as in the reactor in that during combustion of the organic impurities schwerschmclzbare mineral admixtures on the Schmel / .film from lciehtschmelzbaren mineral admixtures reach. For this purpose, the wastewater with heavy-melt mineral admixtures can be fed in at an angle to the tangent at the inner edge of the chamber; it gets into the twisted combustion only product stream and hard-to-melt mineral admixtures are hurled against the reactor walls and carried away by the melt stream of mineral admixtures , or the wastewater which contains refractory mineral additions is introduced into the reactor under a pressure which ensures that the refractory mineral additions get into the melt film of easily meltable mineral additions.

At a flue gas temperature of 1100 to 1200 C. the sewage plugs are vaporized and flammable

ij admixtures due to excess oxygen in the Flue gases are oxidized, so that harmless gaseous products (COi and H2O) are obtained and together with the flue gases are discharged from the reactor. Dried solid particles of refractory mineral Admixtures become, together with the melt film, easily fusible ^, 'mineral Admixtures discharged from the reactor.

With an air consumption figure behind the reactor that is roughly equal to 1.1, and with finer

> ί Flue gas temperature in the order of 1000 C are keirvj products of incomplete combustion in the specific example considered in the exhaust gases available. The dry smoke gases had the following composition: COi-10.7%: O: -2.0%:

in CO-0.0%: N ₂ -87.3%. In this case, the tapped melt consisted of NaCl with admixtures of Na ₁ PO ₄ .

The process according to the invention is most expediently carried out in a cyclone reactor.

Γι The cyclone reactor for neutralization of waste water by combustion enthüll a vertical cylindrical chamber 1 ^(F: ig. 1). In the upper part of the chamber 1 there are burners 2 (Ii g. I. 2). Through which fuel and air are fed into chamber 1.

4 (i The burners 2 are tangential, around a swirled To generate combustion product troni. Under the burners 2 are radially in a transverse plane of the Chamber I nozzles 3 (Fig. I. 3) arranged for the supply of wastewater, the organic and light-

■ ii contains fusible mineral admixtures.

Among the nozzles 3 are located in a querlicgenden plane of the chamber 1 of the reactor nozzle 4 (FIG. 1. 4) which at an angle \ (Fig. 4) face the inner surface of the chamber wall, said

ίο angle ensures turbulence in the flow. The nozzles 4 are used to supply wastewater, which contains difficult-to-melt mineral additions together with organic additions. The angle i \ is chosen so that the wastewater with

ϊΐ Security in the turbulent communication product flow reach.

In the lower part of the chamber there is a sole 5 (FIG. I) with an opening 6 through which the chamber I. with a throttle cable 7 to divert the combustion

W) products connected.

There is a tap hole in the lower part of the throttle cable 7 8 for tapping the melt from light-shredded / ibaren mineral additions with refractory additions.

b5 The number of Bnner 2, Nozzles 3 and Nozzles 4 becomes depending on the given total output of the cyclone reactor and in particular on the composition the admixtures in the wastewater

chosen.

The walls of the upper part of chamber I of the cyclone reactor are lined. Below the burner 2, the cyclone reactor has a coating-like lining with running water or vaporization cooling.

To increase the operational safety of the burner 2, their burner nozzles, for example by water, chilled.

The nozzles 3 and 4 are in two transverse planes of the chamber I. However, the nozzles for Supply of sewage in layers in several superimposed and transverse levels of the chamber I arranged with the nozzles of the upper level / in order to feed wastewater with easily meltable / -able serve mineral and organic admixtures and as the nozzles 3 are directed while the nozzles of the lower levels / in order to supply waste water with organic and difficult to melt / baren serve mineral admixtures and are directed analogously to the nozzles 4.

The distance / between two nozzle levels will depend on the composition of the wastewater and the specific weight load of the Zvklonreaktor determines and influences the results and the Degree to which the sewage rendered harmless will.

Thus, at a distance between the nozzles 4 and the nozzles 3, the value is less than the lower limit value isi. observed that. although the combustion of the organic admixtures is sufficiently full and the efficiency in collecting the melt from light-meltable mineral substances remains high, more difficult to melt / bare additions are discharged with the flue gases, which leads to explain is. that a significant amount of the particles of refractory mineral impurities meets the bare wall, on which no Schmel / film is from Slightly smeared mineral additions.

When installing the nozzles 4 at a distance from the IJuscn J. which is greater than the upper limit / value. although the efficiency when collecting Srhmrl / f *: ni *. le'chtschmel / barep. mineral admixtures and particles of refractory mineral additions in the area of the cyclone reactor remains high, products of incomplete combustion (CO and H :) are found in the exhaust gases, which is a consequence of the insufficient residence time of the combustible substances in chamber I.

Great influence on the characteristic values of the process for The inclination angle λ of the nozzles 4 also has to render sewage harmless Serve wastewater, which contain organic and low-melting additions, to the tangent the inner side surface of the chamber 1.

If the angle of inclination λ is smaller than the lower one Limit value, the discharge of refractory mineral admixtures increases considerably, since the Separation effect is reduced. But if the angle of inclination λ is greater than the upper limit value. thus products of incomplete combustion are found in the flue gases, which can be explained by this is. that the waste water containing organic and refractory mineral admixtures existing drops, soft remained unevaporated

Ί are, a jf hit the wall of chamber 1.

When they are jointly rendered harmless by burning alkaline waste water in cyclone reactors the production of caprolactam, which mainly contains sodium salts of lower dicarboxylic acids

ίο the rendering of which is calcined soda (NajCOi) sees which in the form of a melt film (from easily meltable admixture) on the side surface deep reactor flows down, and wastewater from the clarification plants of biochemical stations, which organic

i> see and hard-to-melt additions (AU) ,. SiO; containing), proved that the optimum distance / wipe the nozzle equal levels animal O. i for supplying the i-iwiihntiTi wastewater to 0. ¹ J ties inner diameter of the chamber of the cyclone-shaped reactor, and

- '»the optimum angle of inclination \ of the nozzles 4 is equal to rn until 73 is Ciratl.

The cyclone reactor works as follows. In clic burner 2 is fuel and air that / around Burning the fuel and the organic

: '■ admixtures are required. escort. The fuel ebrerii-.t in cross section of chamber I. in which the Nozzles 3 ζ ·· πι feeding sewage are located, which organic and easily smearable mineral additions contains. In the hot product of combustion

i ", atomized wastewater is poured through the nozzles 3, which contains organic and easily meltable mineral additions. While mixing the melt stream Wastewater droplets are evaporated from the wastewater with the hot combustion products.

ι. combustible admixtures due to flue gas oxygen oxidized and particles of easily meltable mineral admixtures atomized. When atomizing will be the latter are excreted and reach the surface of chamber 1. where they are in the form of a film Flow down the direction of combustion product movement.

In the hot combustion products wirtl via clic Nozzles 4 atomized wastewater, which adds smeltable, meltable mineral additions.

- »" · together with organic additions. Here in the case of the drops of this wastewater are evaporated, while refractory mineral substances are excreted get on the melt / film from easily meltable mineral admixtures

hcrabfließen v> and along with it.

When passing through the opening 6, the flue gases are intensively mixed, causing the afterburning combustible admixtures is favored. The flue gases then get through the throttle /

for further processing or are released into the outside air.

The melt film from the easily meltable mineral admixtures, the more difficult to melt mineral Contains admixtures, gets through the opening

bo 6 in the throttle cable 7 and is via the tap hole 8 from the Chamber 1 of the cyclone reactor removed.

For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings

Claims (2)

Patent claims: t. Incineration process to render organic and easily cut minerals harmless Admixtures as well as organic and refractory mineral admixtures containing wastewater in a reactor, in which the wastewater in the atomized state in such a way in the Reactor are introduced that the organic impurities flowing down the reactor walls Form melt film or the refractory mineral admixtures in unmelted State as solid particles as well as the combustion products discharged from the reactor are, characterized in that the wastewater with the refractory mineral Admixtures and the waste water with the easily meltable mineral admixtures and the wastewater with the easily fusible mineral admixtures simultaneously and separately in dec reactor are introduced, with the waste water containing the refractory mineral Additions below the sewage with the easily meltable mineral additions introduced into the reactor with a tangential directional component in a height range in which the melt film consists of the easily meltable mineral additions has already formed. 2. cyclone reactor for performing the method according to claim 1, with a vertical Chamber with burners located in its upper part for supplying burner-ioff and air into the Chamber with nozzles opening radially under the burners for supplying Ab "jsscrn. With a Opening in the sole of the chamber for connecting the same to a gas cable for discharging the Combustion products, and with a tap hole arranged in the lower part of the gas cable as an outlet for the melt from mineral admixtures, characterized in that the radially opening Nozzles (3) which can be supplied to wastewater with the easily meltable mineral admixtures, and that the radially opening nozzles (3) in at least one underlying plane of the chamber (I) further nozzles (4) for supplying the wastewater with the heavy melt / .biren mineral additions are assigned at an angle (λ) to the tangent to the inner wall of the chamber (I).