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DE2311467A1 - Continuous carbon cylinder graphitizing furnace - with hollow vertical electrode and granular coke filling - Google Patents

Continuous carbon cylinder graphitizing furnace - with hollow vertical electrode and granular coke filling

Info

Publication number
DE2311467A1
DE2311467A1 DE19732311467 DE2311467A DE2311467A1 DE 2311467 A1 DE2311467 A1 DE 2311467A1 DE 19732311467 DE19732311467 DE 19732311467 DE 2311467 A DE2311467 A DE 2311467A DE 2311467 A1 DE2311467 A1 DE 2311467A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
strand
furnace
graphitizing furnace
graphitizing
graphitized
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
DE19732311467
Other languages
German (de)
Other versions
DE2311467B2 (en
DE2311467C3 (en
Inventor
Siegfried Dr Wilkening
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vereinigte Aluminium Werke AG
Original Assignee
Vereinigte Aluminium Werke AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vereinigte Aluminium Werke AG filed Critical Vereinigte Aluminium Werke AG
Priority to DE19732311467 priority Critical patent/DE2311467C3/en
Priority claimed from DE19732311467 external-priority patent/DE2311467C3/en
Publication of DE2311467A1 publication Critical patent/DE2311467A1/en
Publication of DE2311467B2 publication Critical patent/DE2311467B2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE2311467C3 publication Critical patent/DE2311467C3/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/52Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbon, e.g. graphite
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/60Heating arrangements wherein the heating current flows through granular powdered or fluid material, e.g. for salt-bath furnace, electrolytic heating

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

Graphitizing furnace for hard burned cylinders made of carbon continuously heats a strand, which is passed through it vertically, e.g. to 2000-2600 degrees C. Loose granular carbon material travels with it. The electrical current is admitted through a hollow electrode made of graphite and leaves through the graphitized synthetic carbon strand. This furnace raises no dust problems and facilitates the extn. of the graphitizing gases. The steady powder consumption means a low electricity cost and powder savings. Homogeneous graphitization can be achieved in an automated process.

Description

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Grafitierung von Kunstkohlekörpern Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Grafitierung von Kunstkohlekörpern. Process and device for the continuous graphitization of carbon bodies The invention relates to a method and a device for continuous graphitization of carbon bodies.

Der Grafitierungsprozeß besteht im wesentlichen darin, daß sogenannte Hartbrandkörper aus Kunstkohle auf Grafitierungstemperaturen von etwa 2.000 bis 2.600 Og erhitzt werden.The graphitization process consists essentially in the fact that so-called Hard-fired bodies made of synthetic charcoal at graphitization temperatures of about 2,000 to 2,600 og can be heated.

Die großtechnische Erzeugung von Grafitprodukten, insbesondere von Grafitelektroden für Elektroöfen erfolgt gegenwärtig überwiegend nach dem Acheson-Verfahren, bei dem durch elektrische Widerstandserwärmung einzelne Ofenchargen diskontinuierlich grafitiert werden. Außerdem gibt es das Graf itieren durch induktive Erwärmung, wobei sich der zu grafitierende Kohlekörper innerhalb einer Induktionsspule befindet. Neben der vorherrschenden diskontinuierlichen Grafitierung sind auch verschiedene Ausfuhrungsarten der kontinuierlichen Grafitierung bekannt geworden.The large-scale production of graphite products, especially of Graphite electrodes for electric furnaces are currently mainly made according to the Acheson process, in which individual furnace batches are discontinuous due to electrical resistance heating be graphitized. There is also graph iting by inductive heating, wherein the carbon body to be graphitized is located inside an induction coil. In addition to the predominant discontinuous graphitization, there are also various Types of execution of continuous graphitization have become known.

Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist zunächst ein Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Grafitierung, das sich durch eine Reihe technischer und wirtschaftlicher Vorteile auszeichnet.The present invention is initially a method for continuous graphiting, which is characterized by a number of technical and economic Advantages.

Es ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zu grafitierenden Formkörper aus Hartbrandkohle in Form eines Stranges vertikal durch einen Grafitierungsofen hindurchgeführt werden, wobei gleichzeitig eine Schüttung aus körnigem Kohlenstoffmaterial den Grafitierungsofen mit durchwandert und der elektrische Strom über eine Hohlelektrode aus Elektrografit zugeleitet und über den grafitierten Kunstkohlestrang wieder abgeleitet wird. Hierdurch werden folgende Vorteile erzielt: 1. Günstige Erfassung der Grafitierungsabgase.It is characterized in that the moldings to be graphitized made of hard charcoal in the form of a strand vertically through a graphitizing furnace are passed through, at the same time a bed of granular carbon material walks through the graphitizing furnace and the electric current passes through a hollow electrode fed in from electro graphite and discharged again via the graphitized synthetic carbon strand will. This has the following advantages: 1. Inexpensive coverage the graphitization exhaust.

2. Keine Staubprobleme.2. No dust problems.

3. Nahezu konstanter elektrischer Energieverbrauch und damit gunstige Stromtarife.3. Almost constant electrical energy consumption and therefore cheap Electricity tariffs.

4. Einsparung elektrischer Energie.4. Saving electrical energy.

5. Verwertung der Wärmemengen aus der Abkühlung.5. Utilization of the heat from the cooling.

6. Erzielung eines sehr homogenen Grafitierungsgrades der Grafitprodukte.6. Achieving a very homogeneous degree of graphite graphite products.

7. Anfall eines hochkalzinierten, teilweise grafitierten und damit hochwertigen Koksmaterials, z.B. Erzeugung eines teilgrafitierten Anthrazits für die Herstellung von Kathodenblöcken für Aluminium-Elektrolysezellen.7. Attack of a highly calcined, partially graphitized and thus high-quality coke material, e.g. production of a partially graphite anthracite for the manufacture of cathode blocks for aluminum electrolysis cells.

8. Weitgehende Mechanisierung und Automatisierung des Grafitierungsverfahrens.8. Extensive mechanization and automation of the graphiting process.

Ein zur Ausführung des Verfahrens gemäß der Erfindung geeigneter Ofen ist in der Zeichnung wiedergegeben. Es handelt sich um einen Grafitierungsofen, der beispielsweise zur Grafitierung von zylindrischen Kunstkohlekörpern dient.A furnace suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention is shown in the drawing. It is a graphiting furnace, which is used, for example, to graphite cylindrical carbon bodies.

Die zu grafitierenden zylindrischen Kunstkohlekörper 1 werden in Form eines Stranges in vertikaler Richtung durch den Grafitierungsofen hindurchgeführt, wobei die einzelnen Zylinderkörper durch eine grafitische Kittmasse 2 miteinander verbunden sind. Der elektrische Strom zur Widerstandsbeheizung des Grafitierungsofens wird über die hohle Grafitelektrode 3 zugeführt und über den unteren Teil des Stranges, bestehend aus den grafitierten Zylinderkörpern 13, und über die Kontaktbacken 4 wieder abgeführt. Es kann sowohl Wechsel- als auch Gleichstrom verwendet werden.The cylindrical charcoal body 1 to be graphitized is shaped a strand passed in the vertical direction through the graphitizing furnace, the individual cylinder bodies with one another by means of a graphitic cement compound 2 are connected. The electrical current for resistance heating of the graphitizing furnace is fed through the hollow graphite electrode 3 and through the lower part of the strand, consisting of the graphitized cylinder bodies 13, and via the contact jaws 4 discharged again. Both alternating and direct current can be used.

Die Zylinderkörper aus Hartbrandkohle werden in demFuhrungsrohr 5 auf den sich nach unten bewegenden Strang aus Zylinderkörpern aufgesetzt. Nach Verlassen des Führungsrohres 5 durch läuft der Ilartbrandkörper die zweckmäßig dickwandige Hohlelektrode 3 aus Grafit. Zwischen der Innenwandung der Hohlelektrode 3 und dem hindurchwandernden Hartbrandkörper ist ein Abstand von ca.The hard coal cylinder bodies are placed in the guide tube 5 placed on the downward moving strand of cylindrical bodies. After leaving of the guide tube 5 runs through the Ilart fire body, the appropriately thick-walled Hollow electrode 3 made of graphite. Between the inner wall of the hollow electrode 3 and the Hard-burn bodies wandering through must be kept at a distance of approx.

50 - 200 mm vorgesehen. Innerhalb der stromführenden Hohlelektrode wird der Hartbrandkörper langsam vorgewärmt. Um die Hohlelektrode herum wird in den Grafitierungsofen ein Koksmaterial 6 mit einer Körnung im Bereich von ca. 5 - 20 mm aufgegeben. Das Koksmaterial kann aus ktlziniertem Anthrazit, kalziniertem Petrokoks oder gekörntem Elektrografit bestehen. Unterhalb der Hohlelektrode legt sich die Kokskornschüttung 6 mit dem sich einstellenden Böschungswinkel an die aus der Hohlelektrode austretenden Hartbrandkörper an. Das bedeutet, daß sich unmittelbar unter der dickwandigen Hohlelektrode ein trichterförmiger Hohlraum 7 befindet, in dem der Hartbrandkörper weiter indirekt aufgeheizt wird. 50 - 200 mm provided. Inside the current-carrying hollow electrode the hard-fired body is slowly preheated. Around the hollow electrode, in the graphitizing furnace a coke material 6 with a grain size in the range of approx. 5 - 20 mm abandoned. The coke material can consist of calcined anthracite, calcined Petrocoke or granular electrographite consist. Lays underneath the hollow electrode the coke grain bed 6 with the setting angle of repose to the from the hard-fired body emerging from the hollow electrode. That means that immediately a funnel-shaped cavity 7 is located under the thick-walled hollow electrode, in which the hard-fired body is further indirectly heated.

Der elektrische Strom tritt über den Außenmantel der Hohlelektrode in die Kokskornpackung ein, durchfließt diese und gelangt dann in den Strang aus den zylindrischen Kunstkohlekörpern. Die Kokskornschüttung hat einen vielfach höheren Widerstand als der zu grafitierende Kunstkohlestrang. Infolge dieses hohen Widerstandes wird die Xokskörnung hoch erhitzt und grafitiert. Der Kunstkohlestrang ist demnach mit gut leitendem gratitiertem Material umgeben, so daß der Strom über eine relativ breite Zone von dem Strang aufgekommen wird. Der in dem Strang gesammtelte Stromfluß bringt die Xindrischen Hartbrandkörper auf die erforderlichen maximalen tierungstemperaturen. The electric current passes through the outer jacket of the hollow electrode enters the coke grain pack, flows through it and then comes out of the strand the cylindrical carbon bodies. The coke grain bed is many times higher Resistance than the strand of charcoal to be graphitized. As a result of this high resistance the xok grain is heated up and graphitized. The charcoal strand is accordingly Surrounded with highly conductive gratitated material, so that the current over a relatively wide area of the strand. The flow of current collected in the string brings the Xindrian hard fire bodies to the required maximum animal temperatures.

DYey -Kcksf11ung bewegt sich etwa synchron mit der Absenkung dbs Kunstkohlestranges durch den Grafitierungsofen nach unten. Das klassierte Koksmaterial wird durch die Chargieröffnungen 8 aufgegeben und über den Austragteller 9 abgezogen. Durch die elastisch anliegenden Abstreifer 10 wird das Koksmaterial vom grafitierten Kunstkohlestrang getrennt. Das Koksmaterial hat nicht nur die Aufgabe, den Strom von der Hohlelektrode auf den Kunstkohlestrang zu übertragen. Die Koksfüllung stellt gleichzeitig die Wärmeisolation im Hochtemperaturbereich dar, so daß das Mauerwerk 11 des Grafitierungsofens gegen zu hohe Temperaturen geschützt ist. Das Eoksmaterial hat ferner die Aufgabe, die schonende Abkühlung des grafitiefsten Kunstkohlestranges zu gewährleisten. Der Grafitierungffen besitzt im unteren Teil den konisch nach unten verlaufenden wassergekühlten Mantel 12. Über diesen Ofenteil wird die Hauptwärmemenge in günstiger Weise abgeführt. DYey-ckf11ing moves roughly synchronously with the lowering of dbs Carbon strand down through the graphitizing furnace. The classified coke material is applied through the charging openings 8 and withdrawn via the discharge plate 9. The coke material is graphitized from the elastically applied stripper 10 Charcoal strand separated. The function of the coke material is not just to provide electricity to be transferred from the hollow electrode to the charcoal strand. The coke filling represents at the same time the heat insulation in the high temperature range, so that the masonry 11 of the graphitizing furnace is protected against excessively high temperatures. The ook material also has the task of gently cooling the graphite-deep carbon strand to ensure. The Grafitierungffen has the conical in the lower part The water-cooled jacket 12 running downwards discharged in a favorable manner.

Patentansprüche Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Grafitierung von Kunstkohleprodukten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zu grafitierenden Formkörper aus Hartbrandkohle in Form eines Stranges vertikal durch einen Grafitierungsofen hindurchgeführt werden, wobei gleichzeitig eine Schüttung aus körnigem Kohlenstoffmaterial den Grafitierungsofen mit durchwandert und der elektrische Strom über eine Hohlelektrode aus Elektrografit zugeleitet und über den grafitierten Kunstkohlestrang wieder abgeleitet wird.Patent claims process for the continuous graphitization of charcoal products, characterized in that the shaped bodies to be graphitized are made of hard burnt charcoal be passed vertically through a graphitizing furnace in the form of a strand, at the same time a bed of granular carbon material is the graphitization furnace with wandering through and the electric current through a hollow electrode made of electrographite is fed in and discharged again via the graphitized charcoal strand.

2) Ofen zur Ausfuhrung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch eine hohle Grafitelektrode (3), durch die die aus Hartbrandkohle bestehenden Formkörper (1) hindurchtfihrbar sind.2) furnace for performing the method according to claim 1, characterized through a hollow graphite electrode (3) through which the hard charcoal Moldings (1) can be guided through.

3) Ofen nach Anspruch 2, gekennzeichnet durch einen nach unten konisch verlaufenden gekühlten Mantel (12).3) furnace according to claim 2, characterized by a downwardly conical running cooled jacket (12).

4) Ofen nach Anspruch 2 und 3, gekennzeichnet durch einen an seinem Austrittsende vorgesehenen elastisch anliegenden Abstreifer (10) in der Nachbarschaft eines Austragtellers (9).4) furnace according to claim 2 and 3, characterized by one at his Exit end provided elastically abutting scraper (10) in the vicinity a discharge plate (9).

Claims (1)

Das Halten und Absenken des Kunstkohlestranges wird durch dieHolding and lowering the charcoal strand is made possible by the fahrbaren, wassergekühlten Kontaktbacken 4 bewerkstelligt.mobile, water-cooled contact jaws 4 accomplished. Anstelle der Kontaktbacken können auch oberflächenprofilierte Kontaktrollen verwendet werden. Der grafitierte Kunstkohlestrang wird an den gekitteten Stellen durch eine Trennsäge wieder in die ursprünglichen zylindrischen Formkörper geteilt.Instead of the contact jaws, surface-profiled contact rollers can also be used be used. The graphitized charcoal strand is cemented in the places cut back into the original cylindrical shape by a cut-off saw. L e e r s e i t eL e r s e i t e
DE19732311467 1973-03-08 Process and furnace for the continuous graphitization of carbon bodies Expired DE2311467C3 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19732311467 DE2311467C3 (en) 1973-03-08 Process and furnace for the continuous graphitization of carbon bodies

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19732311467 DE2311467C3 (en) 1973-03-08 Process and furnace for the continuous graphitization of carbon bodies

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE2311467A1 true DE2311467A1 (en) 1974-09-26
DE2311467B2 DE2311467B2 (en) 1975-08-14
DE2311467C3 DE2311467C3 (en) 1976-03-25

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1984001368A1 (en) * 1982-10-06 1984-04-12 Savoie Electrodes Refract Graphitazation method and furnace
FR2592875A1 (en) * 1986-01-16 1987-07-17 Vaw Ver Aluminium Werke Ag METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PERFORMING THE GRAPHITATION OF CARBON MOLDINGS
FR2621311A1 (en) * 1987-10-06 1989-04-07 Savoie Electrodes Refract METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SIMULTANEOUSLY CONTINUOUS GRAPHITIZATION OF LONG-CARBON PRODUCTS AND CARBON GRAINS CONDUCTIVE TO BACK-CURRENT
US4942002A (en) * 1988-07-18 1990-07-17 Feist Horst Julius Process for converting carbon blanks into graphite electrodes
WO1991018250A1 (en) * 1990-05-22 1991-11-28 Tesoriere Jean Marc Graphitization process and furnace
US5694413A (en) * 1993-02-12 1997-12-02 Maschinenfabrik Gustav Eirich Procedure and apparatus for continuous supply of heat in electrically conductive bulk goods
WO2003055823A1 (en) * 2001-12-28 2003-07-10 Sgl Carbon Ag Method for continuous graphitization
WO2003055824A1 (en) * 2001-12-28 2003-07-10 Sgl Carbon Ag Method for the production of cathode blocks
WO2009059345A1 (en) * 2007-11-08 2009-05-14 Patco Engineering Gmbh Electrically heated shaft furnace
CN102491312A (en) * 2011-11-18 2012-06-13 四川广汉士达炭素股份有限公司 Pull-jacking type lengthwise graphitization furnace

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1984001368A1 (en) * 1982-10-06 1984-04-12 Savoie Electrodes Refract Graphitazation method and furnace
FR2534240A1 (en) * 1982-10-06 1984-04-13 Savoie Electrodes Refract CONTINUOUS PROCESS FOR GRAPHITIZING LONG CARBON PRODUCTS AND OVEN FOR CARRYING OUT SAID METHOD
US4639929A (en) * 1982-10-06 1987-01-27 Societe Des Electrodes Et Refractaires "Savoie" (Sers) Continuous method of graphitizing long carbon-containing products and a furnace for carrying out the method
AU568097B2 (en) * 1982-10-06 1987-12-17 Sgl Carbon S.A. Graphitazation method and furnace
FR2592875A1 (en) * 1986-01-16 1987-07-17 Vaw Ver Aluminium Werke Ag METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PERFORMING THE GRAPHITATION OF CARBON MOLDINGS
FR2621311A1 (en) * 1987-10-06 1989-04-07 Savoie Electrodes Refract METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SIMULTANEOUSLY CONTINUOUS GRAPHITIZATION OF LONG-CARBON PRODUCTS AND CARBON GRAINS CONDUCTIVE TO BACK-CURRENT
EP0311538A1 (en) * 1987-10-06 1989-04-12 SERS SOCIETE DES ELECTRODES & REFRACTAIRES SAVOIE Process and apparatus for the continuous and simultaneous graphitisation of long carbonaceous bodies and of carbonaceous grains moving counter-currently
EP0355361A3 (en) * 1988-07-18 1990-08-01 Feist Intertec AG Graphitisation process of carbon slabs in grahite electrodes
US4942002A (en) * 1988-07-18 1990-07-17 Feist Horst Julius Process for converting carbon blanks into graphite electrodes
WO1991018250A1 (en) * 1990-05-22 1991-11-28 Tesoriere Jean Marc Graphitization process and furnace
FR2662496A1 (en) * 1990-05-22 1991-11-29 Tesoriere Jean Marc GRAPHITIZATION METHOD AND OVEN.
US5694413A (en) * 1993-02-12 1997-12-02 Maschinenfabrik Gustav Eirich Procedure and apparatus for continuous supply of heat in electrically conductive bulk goods
WO2003055823A1 (en) * 2001-12-28 2003-07-10 Sgl Carbon Ag Method for continuous graphitization
WO2003055824A1 (en) * 2001-12-28 2003-07-10 Sgl Carbon Ag Method for the production of cathode blocks
WO2009059345A1 (en) * 2007-11-08 2009-05-14 Patco Engineering Gmbh Electrically heated shaft furnace
CN102491312A (en) * 2011-11-18 2012-06-13 四川广汉士达炭素股份有限公司 Pull-jacking type lengthwise graphitization furnace

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C3 Grant after two publication steps (3rd publication)
E77 Valid patent as to the heymanns-index 1977