DE2127046A1 - Solid fuel for high impulse gas generation - from mixtures of lithium aluminium hydride and metal additives - Google Patents
Solid fuel for high impulse gas generation - from mixtures of lithium aluminium hydride and metal additivesInfo
- Publication number
- DE2127046A1 DE2127046A1 DE19712127046 DE2127046A DE2127046A1 DE 2127046 A1 DE2127046 A1 DE 2127046A1 DE 19712127046 DE19712127046 DE 19712127046 DE 2127046 A DE2127046 A DE 2127046A DE 2127046 A1 DE2127046 A1 DE 2127046A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- solid fuel
- water
- mixtures
- mixture
- gas generation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000012280 lithium aluminium hydride Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorous acid Chemical compound ClO QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- -1 lithium aluminum hydride Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010199 LiAl Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910010084 LiAlH4 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010040007 Sense of oppression Diseases 0.000 description 1
- JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Al] Chemical compound [Li].[Al] JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- PPTSBERGOGHCHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron lithium Chemical compound [Li].[B] PPTSBERGOGHCHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010327 methods by industry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B27/00—Compositions containing a metal, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium or mixtures, intercompounds or hydrides thereof, and hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Festbrennstoff für hybride Gas erzeuger bzw. Triebwerke Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Festbrennstoff für hybride Gaserzeuger, insbesondere von Triebwerken für Wasserfahrzeuge.Solid fuel for hybrid gas generators or engines The invention refers to a solid fuel for hybrid gas generators, especially from Engines for watercraft.
Lithium-Aluminium-Hydrid ist bekanntlich eine unter anderem mit Wasser spontan reagierende Substanz. Aufgrund dessen und der aus solch einer Reaktion resultierenden spezifischen sowie volumetrischen spezifischen Impulse, die diejenigen anderer Hydride, wie Lithium-Bor-Hydrid, übertreffen, wäre es ein für hybride Gaserzeuger, insbesondere von Triebwerken für Wasserfahrzeuge, interessanter Brennstoff Daß es trotz vorgenannter Eigenschaften bis zum heutigen Tag - von vereinzelten Versuchen abgesehen - noch keine Verwendung in hybriden Treibstoffsystemen fand, ist vor allem auf seine große Explosionsfreudigkeit zurückzuführen.Lithium-aluminum hydride is known to be one with water, among other things spontaneously reacting substance. Because of such and such specific and volumetric specific impulses resulting from a reaction, that surpass those of other hydrides, such as lithium boron hydride, it would be a more interesting for hybrid gas generators, in particular for engines for watercraft Fuel That, despite the aforementioned properties, to this day - from a few Trying aside - not yet used in hybrid fuel systems, is mainly due to its great ability to explode.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Festbrennstoff der eingangs genannten Gattung zu entwickeln, der die positiven Eigenschaften des Lithium-Aluminium-Hydridsa wie billige Herstellung aus nichtkontingentierten Ausgangsprodukten, spontane Reaktionsfähigkeit mit Wasser und anderen Oxydatoren, vergleichsweise großen spezifischen Impuls und großen volumetrischen spezifischen Impuls, vereinigt, ohne jedoch dessen Nachteile, wie große Explosionsgefahr bei Anhäufung nur geringer Massen, schlechte Lager- und Transportfähigkeit, zu besitzen.The invention is based on the object of providing a solid fuel To develop the genus mentioned at the beginning, which has the positive properties of lithium-aluminum hydridsa like cheap production from non-quota raw materials, spontaneous responsiveness with water and other oxidizers, comparatively large specific impulse and large volumetric specific impulse, combined, but without its disadvantages, such as high risk of explosion if only small masses accumulate, poor storage and Transportability to own.
Gelöst-wird diese Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß durch ein mit Wasser hypergol reagierendes Gemisch aus Lithium-Aluminium-Hydrid (LiAl H4) und Partikeln eines oder mehrerer Metalle aus den Gruppen II, III und I des Periodensystems.This object is achieved according to the invention by a hypergolic solution with water reactive mixture of lithium aluminum hydride (LiAl H4) and particles of a or more metals from groups II, III and I of the periodic table.
Das erfindungsgemäße Gemisch stellt einen insbesondere mit Wasser spontan reagierenden, energiereichen Brennstoff thermischer sowie chemischer Stabilität dar. Aufgrund dessen und des in der Umgebung stets reichlich vorhandenen Oxydators "Wasser" ist es insbesondere für hybride Gaserzeuger von Triebwerken für Wasserfahrzeuge hervorragend geeignet Die vorbeschriebene Neigung des Lithium-Aluminium-Hydrids zu Explosionen erfährt - wie Versuche überraschenderweise gezeigt haben - durch den Gemischanteil an mit Wasser bekanntlich reagierenden Metallen der Gruppen II, III und IV des Periodensystems eine Unterdrückung. Gleichzeitig sorgt dieser Metallanteil - in an sich bekannter Weise - für eine Erhöhung der Energiedichte. Die zur Herbeiführung einer Reaktion mit Wasser bisher erforderliche Aufheizung der in Rede stehenden Metalle bis zum Schmelzpunkt erübrigt sich beim erfindungsgemäßen Gemisch. Zurückzuführen ist dieser energetisch bedeutende Vorteil auf das Lithium-Aluminium-Hydrid. Letzteres gibt außerdem einen hervorragenden Binder für die Metallpartikel abO Daraus resultiert der herstellungstechnische und verfahrenstechnische Vorteil, daß sich das erfindungsgemäße Gemisch ohne weitere Zusätze tablettieren und zu Treibsätzen beliebiger Form verpressen läßt, vor allem dann, wenn der Gemischanteil an mit Wasser reagierendem Metall 75 GewO % nicht übersteigt. Als untere Grenze für diesen auf das Lithium-Aluminium-Hydrid explosionshemmend wirkenden und gleichzeitig die Energiedichte des Gemisches erhöhenden Gemischanteil empfehlen sich 5 Gew. ,%.The mixture according to the invention provides one in particular with water spontaneously reacting, high-energy fuel of thermal and chemical stability Because of this and the oxidizer that is always abundant in the area It is "water" in particular for hybrid gas generators for engines for watercraft outstanding suitable The above-described tendency of lithium-aluminum hydride to explode experiences - as experiments have surprisingly shown - through the proportion of the mixture of metals of groups II, III and IV of the periodic table that are known to react with water an oppression. At the same time, this metal component - in itself known Way - for an increase in energy density. The one used to induce a reaction with water previously required heating of the metals in question up to Melting point is unnecessary with the mixture according to the invention. This is to be traced back energetically significant advantage on the lithium-aluminum hydride. The latter there also an excellent binder for the metal particles the manufacturing and process engineering advantage that the invention Tablet the mixture without further additives and compress it into propellants of any shape leaves, especially when the proportion of the mixture of metal which reacts with water is 75 GewO does not exceed%. As a lower limit for this on the lithium-aluminum hydride explosion-proof and at the same time increasing the energy density of the mixture Mixture content is recommended to be 5% by weight.
In Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird dem als Oxydator dienenden Wasser unterchlorige Säure oder maximal 72-%ige Perchlorsäure beigemischt. Diese Maßnahme bringt einmal einen weiteren Energiegewinn mit sich.In an embodiment of the invention, the water used as an oxidizer is used hypochlorous acid or a maximum of 72% perchloric acid. This measure once brings another gain in energy.
Darüber hinaus unterbindet sie eine Bildung fester Reaktionsprodukte, die unter anderem wegen ihrer erodierenden und korrodierenden Wirkungen auf in ihrem Strömungsweg liegende Maschinenteile unerwünscht sind.In addition, it prevents the formation of solid reaction products, which among other things because of their eroding and corrosive effects on in their Machine parts lying on the flow path are undesirable.
Patentansprüche: Patent claims:
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19712127046 DE2127046C3 (en) | 1971-06-01 | Solid fuel for hybrid gas generators or engines |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19712127046 DE2127046C3 (en) | 1971-06-01 | Solid fuel for hybrid gas generators or engines |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2127046A1 true DE2127046A1 (en) | 1972-12-14 |
| DE2127046B2 DE2127046B2 (en) | 1976-11-04 |
| DE2127046C3 DE2127046C3 (en) | 1977-06-30 |
Family
ID=
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0187212A1 (en) * | 1984-12-01 | 1986-07-16 | ERNO Raumfahrttechnik Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Power system independent of the ambient air for burning propellant combinations |
| US8152871B2 (en) * | 2008-08-19 | 2012-04-10 | Honeywell International Inc. | Fuel source for electrochemical cell |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0187212A1 (en) * | 1984-12-01 | 1986-07-16 | ERNO Raumfahrttechnik Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Power system independent of the ambient air for burning propellant combinations |
| US8152871B2 (en) * | 2008-08-19 | 2012-04-10 | Honeywell International Inc. | Fuel source for electrochemical cell |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE2127046B2 (en) | 1976-11-04 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C3 | Grant after two publication steps (3rd publication) | ||
| E77 | Valid patent as to the heymanns-index 1977 | ||
| 8339 | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |