DE2105225A1 - Flow divider - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a flow part «». It has a housing which has an inlet opening connected to a pressure medium source, two disks fastened in a sealing manner and each having an outlet opening, a main chamber formed between the two disks and the latter _{dividing into two chambers "k} " of the separating element, each with the inlet opening and with one of the outlet openings are flow-connected

Solehe flow divider are used by a compression ·· ftittelqu + lle inflowing pressure medium on two druckbe * ^f-actuated gate directions to distribute, for example, two hydraulic motors. It is very important that the pressure medium is always uniform or at a predetermined rate

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Share ratio regardless of fluctuations in the The influx or the load on the two pressure-actuated devices or hydraulic motors

In known flow dividers, the desired division ratio is controlled by means of a shut-off element which, under the effect of pressure differences, is slidable in a cylinder formed in the housing of the flow divider. This design however, it is expensive because of the manufacture of the shut-off member high demands are placed on accuracy Cylinder or passages formed in the shut-off element to be closed. avoidIn addition, the shut-off element shows long response times when pressure differences occur in the cylinder, since it can only slide slowly. Precise control is therefore practically impossible with such a device. In addition, such devices are not for long periods Suitable for use because foreign bodies carried along in the pressure medium enter the gap between the inner wall of the cylinder and the Shut-off member can penetrate and on the one hand hinder a smooth sliding of the shut-off member there, on the other hand. cause leakage through the resulting output.

An important object of the invention is to provide one Flow divider in which these and other disadvantages are avoided and which enables precise, responsive control over a long period of time.

In the case of a flow divider of the type mentioned at the outset, it is provided according to the invention that the separating element is a membrane _; is designed that between the inlet opening and the two chambers formed from the main chamber two Droseelstellen can be seen and that a pair of valve seats located between the outlet openings and 4em two chambers are arranged opposite the two sides of the membrane, so that in cooperation

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the membrane with the valve seats a throttling effect can be achieved.

The use according to the invention of changes in position or shape of a membrane to keep a uniform one constant or τοr determines a different distribution of one of one Pump conveyed Druckmittelzuatroms to two variable loadable pressure-operated devices or hydraulic motors allowed with a flow divider of the, mentioned, im Construction of an extremely simple type of precise, highly sensitive division or control of the pressure medium flow over very long periods of time.

In particular, the invention enables quick response and precise control in a flow divider which a pressure medium supplied by a pressure medium source in the same or predetermined different ratio by means of Divides passages, throttling points and valve seats. This predetermined ratio of the outlets on these narrow j closed pressure actuated devices supplied pressure s Medium quantities are determined by changes in location, possibly also I | kept constant by changes in the shape of the membrane as a function of the pressure load occurring at the outlets. In comparison to conventional flow dividers having a sliding shut-off element, the flow divider according to the invention is extremely easy to manufacture. He has thanks to the fact that sliding parts are avoided, an advantageously extended service life

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Other features, details and · advantages of the. Invention emerge from the following description of advantageous exemplary embodiments based on the drawing. In this shows:

1 shows a sectional view of a first embodiment of the invention and

2 shows a sectional view of a second embodiment the invention.

In the example in FIG. 1, a flow divider housing 1 is penetrated by a cylindrical bore 1a. A Kie.mm- or Seeger ring 2 is inserted at one end of the bore 1, and a retaining ring 3 is screwed into the other end. In between , with the insertion of sealing rings 15 * 16, a disk 4 with a recess 4a, a flexible membrane 5 clamped along your hand, and a disk 6 with a recess 6a are clamped in a sealing manner in the order given, starting from the Seeger ring 2. The recesses 4a, 6a together form a main chamber 27 ″ which is divided into two chambers 25 and 26 by the membrane 5. In a projection 1b formed on the outside of the housing 1 approximately in its center, an inlet opening 7 is arranged. In the wall of the housing 1 an axially extending bore 8 connected to the inlet opening s is formed, with branches 9 and 10 which open at the outer edges of the disks 4 and 6, respectively. In the outer surfaces of the disks 4 and 6, annular grooves 11 and 12 are formed, which lie opposite the branches 9 and 10, respectively. Of the annular grooves 11 and 12 are

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radially extending, with the chambers 25, 26 flow-connected Passages 13 and 14 drilled through disks 4 and 6, respectively. At the opposing mouths of the passages 13-14 Narrowed outlets or throttle parts 17 «18 with a predetermined throttling effect are inserted into the chambers 25 and 26, respectively.

Elevations 4c are approximately in the middle of the disks 4 and 6 and 6c formed. There are outlet openings in it in the axial direction .19 and 20 arranged, through which the narrowed from the inlet port 7 through the bore 8 and the passages 13 * 14 Outlets or ». Throttle points 17 »16 the chambers 25 and 26 supplied pressure medium exits from the flow divider 1. The outlet openings 19 »20 open into elevations via passages 21 and 22, respectively 4b and 6b, which are formed in the middle of the recesses 4a and 6a, respectively. In the mouths of the passages 21, 22 are valve seats or -sockets 23 and 24 are used. A throttling of a suitable extent is thus between their end faces and the membrane 5 achievable. '- ·'

The membrane 5 is made of a flexible or elastic one Material such as rubber formed and in the middle part with two thin sheet metal plates arranged on opposite sides 5a and 5b, which prevent deformation in this area. The membrane 5 is in the middle between the mouths or Droeeelstellen 17 and 18 or between the valve seats 23 and 24 arranged. As a result, the membrane attached in this way is under the effect of pressure changes at the outlet openings 19 and -20 can be displaced essentially parallel in the axial direction, the distances between it and the valve seats 23 "

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Change 24 so that the pressure in the chambers 25,26 kept the same and the pressure medium supplied via the inlet opening 7 is evenly distributed to the outlet openings 19 and 20.

The narrowed outlets or throttling points 17 * 18 and the Valve seats 23 «24 are each designed the same and in relation to each other arranged symmetrically on the membrane 5. · They also each have equally strong throttling effects. This will the pressure medium supplied from a pressure medium source (not shown) divided in an equal ratio.

The flow splitter described above has the following operation. A pressure medium supplied to the flow divider from a pressure medium source (not shown) via the inlet opening 7 passes through the bore 8 into the branches 9 and 10, from which it flows via the hanging grooves 11, 12 into the passages 13 * 14. The flow divided in this way runs under a pressure drop via the narrowed outlets or / or throttle points 17 * 18 into the chambers 25, 26 and from these via the spaces between the membrane 5 and the valve seats 23 and 24 to the passages 21, 22. From here the fluid emerges from the flow divider 1 via the outlet openings 19 * 20. With the outlet openings 19 and 20 can, at- ^; For example, when using the flow divider in a motor vehicle, power steering and power-operated braking devices can be connected.

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As long as the two are connected to the outlets 19 and 20, respectively Devices are not loaded, the membrane 5 is in a position in which the aie act from both sides The pressures in the chambers 25 and 26 are equal to each other, so that the pressure drop at the throttle points 17 »

18 is the same and the same amounts of pressure medium through the outlets

19 and 20 exit.

i If, for example, a device connected to outlet 19 ^ loaded, the exit of the pressure medium is hindered from this occasion. As a result, the pressure in the valve seat 23 »increases the membrane 5 is displaced to the right and approaches the valve seat 24. In doing so, it throttles the flow of pressure medium through the valve seat 24 so that the pressure in the chamber 26 increases. Although now the pressure in the valve seat 23 is higher than that in Valve seat 24, the membrane 5 »whose diameter is considerably larger than that of the valve seats 23 and 24, now after ~ loaded on the left, so that the pressure in the chamber 26 is reduced again. Finally, the membrane 5 remains in a position at which the pressure in chamber 26 is almost equal to that in chamber 25. The pressure drop across the throttle J 17 and 18 are almost the same, i.e. at the right and left outlets 20 and 19 of the flow divider essentially occur equal amounts of pressure medium. Since here, however, the pressure drop at the throttle point 17 is still somewhat greater than that at the throttle point 18, the amount of pressure medium emerging from the outlet 19 is also somewhat greater than that at the outlet exiting. In particular in the case of flow dividers used in motor vehicles, however, it is anyway advantageous to use the loaded Device to supply a slightly larger amount of pressure medium.

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Conversely, it is a device connected to the outlet 20 when burdened, corresponding effects occur in reverse.

The flow divider in the embodiment described above divides that supplied from a pressure medium source Pressure medium flow evenly. By changing the dimensions the narrowed outlets or throttle points 17 and is a division of the pressure medium flow into the desired (unequal) ratio achievable.

The illustrated in Figure 2 second embodiment of a Flow divider is based on the same principle. Here is the Flow divider, however, designed in such a way that deviations from the desired division ratio occur in the main chamber can be equalized by means of an antechamber upstream of the main chamber are. In addition, the flow cross-sections of the throttle points and valve seats are from the right in this flow divider different sizes to the left, so that the flow is divisible, for example, in a ratio of 4: 1.

At the two ends of a flow divider housing 101 A clamping or Seeger ring 102 and a closure part 103 are inserted through the cylindrical bore 101a. Between are with the insertion of sealing rings 115, 116 and 117 a washer 104 with a recess 104a, one with its edge between Spacer rings 127 and 128 held, flexible pre-membrane 10 ?, a disk 106 with recesses 106a and 106b on both sides, one with its edge between spacer rings 129 and held flexible main membrane 107 and a disc 108 with a recess 108a in the specified order,, of

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Seeger ring 102 starting, firmly and tightly inserted. The recesses 104a, 106a form an antechamber 143, which divided into two chambers 131 and 132 by the pre-membrane 105 is. The recesses 106b, 108a together form a main chamber 142, which in turn is formed by the main membrane 107 in two chambers 140 and 141 is divided. The front and main diaphragms 105 and 107 are made of resilient material, for example Plastic material or sheet metal.

The flow divider housing 101 has an inlet 109 and an outlet 110 offset from this, which with the Outer surface of the disc 106 formed annular grooves 111 or a flow connected. Starting from the annular grooves 111,112 Radial bores 113 and 114 are introduced into the disc, which establish a flow connection with the chambers 132 and 140, respectively. A throttle point 118 and a valve seat 119 with the required throttling effect are at the mouths of the Bores 113 and 114 in the chambers 132 and 140 of the pre-membrane 105 or the main membrane 107 arranged opposite. An axial bore connects below the Drosaelsteile 118 120 the chambers 132 and 140 with each other.

Approximately in the middle of at the end faces of the disks 104, 108 formed elevations 104c and 108c, an inlet 121 and an outlet 124 are formed in the axial direction. These flow over Passages 122 and 125 in. On the inner end faces of the Disks 104, 108 provided elevations 104b and 108b in the

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Chambers 131 and 141, respectively. There is a throttle point 123 and a valve seat 126, each with a desired throttling effect, with respect to the pre-diaphragm 105 or the main diaphragm 107. In the edge surfaces of the disks 104, 108 the annular grooves 133 and 135 are provided, which have passages 134 and 136 fluidly connected to chambers 131 and 141, respectively are. From one drilled into the flow divider housing 101 Passage 139 outgoing branches 137 and 138 are with the annular grooves 133 and 135 fluidly connected. The passage cross-sections the throttle orifices 123 »118 and the valve seats 119» 126 are each so in relation to one another bemeaeea, " that the pressure medium exiting at the outlets 110 and 124 is divided in a predetermined quantity ratio, for example in a ratio of 4: 1.

In this embodiment, the flow divider according to the invention has the following mode of action. Pressure medium supplied from a pressure medium source (not shown) passes through inlets 109 and 121 in the flow divider. The pressure medium flowing in via inlet 109 passes through annular groove 111 into the passage 113 and from there via the throttle point into the chamber 132. The pressure medium experiences in the low Interspace between the throttle point 118 and the .Voremembrane 105 a pressure drop and flows through the passage 120 of the Chamber 140 closed. The pressure of the pressure medium decreases in the narrow space between the valve seat 119 and the Main diaphragm 107 continues, and the pressure medium now flows through the valve seat 119, the passage 114 and the annular groove 1-12 to Outlet 110 from which it is fed to the pressure actuated device in question outside of flow divider 101.

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That flowing through the inlet 121 to the flow divider Pressure medium reaches the chamber 131 via the passage 122, wherein a pressure drop occurs in the space between the throttle opening 123 and the pre-diaphragm 105. Over the passage 134 and the annular groove 133, the pressure medium flows into the branch 137 and from this via the passage 139 * the branch 138, the annular groove 135 and the passage 136 into the chamber 141. When passing through the space between the valve seat 126 and the main diaphragm 10? there is a further drop in pressure and the pressure medium flows through the passage 125 to outlet 124 from where there is the relevant pressure actuated Device supplied outside the flow divider 101 will. In this way it is from the outlets 110 and 124 occurring- pressure medium divided in a certain ratio, for example 4: 1, that of that of the passage cross-sections of the Drösselstellen 123 and 118 and the valve ^ aitze 119 and 126 is determined.

The mode of operation explained above corresponds to the unloaded operating state. If a device connected to the outlet 124 is now loaded, the discharge of the pressure medium from this outlet is hindered, as a result of which the pressure at the valve seat 126 rises. As a result, the main diaphragm 107 bends in an arc to the left, so that its distance from the valve seat; II9 is reduced in size and the amount of pressure medium flowing through the valve seat 119 and exiting via the outlet 110 decreases. At the same time the distance between the main diaphragm _v I07 and the valve seat 126, in order to counteract the reduction of the exiting through the outlet 124 increases quantity of pressure medium. In this way, the main membrane 107 controls the flow rates through its deformation, under.

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Compensation of the different pressures in chambers 14-0 and 14-1. However, there is an exact equalization of the pressure differences because of the elastic deformation resistancea of the membrane not possible.

To compensate for such deviations or residual fluctuations, the pre-membrane 105 is provided, which changes under the action of the pressure, which rises more strongly in chamber 131 than in chamber 132, bends in an arc to the right and thereby its Distance from the Droasel point 118 reduced. This reduces the flow from the throttle point 118 into the chamber 132 flowing amount of pressure medium. In this way, due to the elastic deformation of the main diaphragm 107, occurring Deviations due to the deformation of the pre-membrane 105 compensated, so that from the outlets 110 and 124 in the desired mutual ratio of pressure medium amounts to escape. If a device connected to outlet 110 is loaded, so the pre-membrane 105 is effective in the opposite direction to due to the elastic deformation resistance the main diaphragm 107 to compensate for deviations occurring.

- patent claims -

1 0 9 B 3 4/1 1 5 1

Claims (2)

Claims M.) Flow divider with a housing, which is one with a Pressure medium source connected inlet port, two sealing disks fastened therein and each having an outlet opening, a main chamber formed between the two disks and a separator dividing the latter into two chambers, each with the inlet port and with one of the outlet opening flow-connected chambers, thereby characterized in that the separating member is designed as a membrane (5) that between the Inlet opening (7) and the two chambers (25,26) formed from the main chamber (27), two throttle points (17i18) are provided and that a pair of valve seats located between the outlet openings (19, 20) and the two chambers (25, 26) (23,24) are arranged opposite the two sides of the membrane, so that the membrane (5) interacts with the Valve seats (23,24) a control or throttle point can be achieved. 2. flow divider according to claim 1, characterized that a pair of throttle points (118,123) on opposite sides of a membrane (105) 1 09834/1151 2405225 * - 14 - are arranged, which one in the housing (101) of the flow divider formed antechamber (143) in two chambers (151,132) divided so that between the membrane (105) and the throttle lattices (118,123) a control or throttling effect can be generated, 109834/1 151 Λζ Blank page