DE2101358C2 - Photo analysis device - Google Patents

Description

Light of a wavelength with which the particles to be examined fluorescent radiation when present release a property to be investigated which characterizes the particle, and that an optical capture device (64, 65, 67)? -: n Collecting the fluorescent radiation from the particles and directing this fluorescent radiation are provided on the photosensitive receiving element via the spectral filter (71).

length of the light source does not let through, while it is io its central bore, and that the various ι "u .. ..-_" _f -ii-_ ,,:. j- J =. ■ Angular position of the photosensitive recording element

ments with respect to the direction of the beam by a relative displacement between the photosensitive Receiving elements is achieved in the direction parallel to the axis of the optical chamber.

2n the earlier patent application DE-AS 19 58 101 is a photo analysis device with a cylindrical optical chamber and photosensitive recording elements described which are outside the optical Chamber at different angles to the jet

direction are provided and at the same time different

determine the optical effects of the illuminated particles. However, this device uses a capillary

The present invention relates to a photo analysis tube which can only be used at considerable expense in device for simultaneous optical measurement can be produced with sufficient optical quality, The various properties of each particle in a group and their receptive elements are immovable Particles, like blood cells, arranged in a liquid

are suspended, with a light source, a cylindri- According to the invention, the analysis of small

see optical chamber made of a material being particles optically carried out in that the particles stands, which transmits light from the light source, carried away with a 30 in a very thin stream of liquid Device that will carry the liquid with the suspended so that it can be separated one by one Move particles in a thin stream through the chamber to an optical interrogator. It is one away so that the particles are provided in a sequence of an after the photo-optical pickup device which the others are moved by the current, with an optical effect of each particle on the lighting Light deflection device through which the light from the 35 detects through a light beam The resulting light source Message directed to one side of the chamber is particularly valuable when following is so that it is worked the thin stream of particles with a special process to the Teilemem bundled beam intersects, with at least chen to first prepare, for example by the two photosensitive recording elements besides the application of dyes made by the particles half of the chamber in different angular positions 40 different ways are recorded, what of in relation to the beam direction, if from the intersection the differences in the particles that are examined, depends

Furthermore, the message content that is derived photo-optically can be increased considerably in that at least two different optical effects of the particles simultaneously with the aid of optical recording elements be found at different angles relative to the direction of the beam that is directed at the particle, are arranged. At-

pollution. A particularly important area of application, for example, enables the combined investigation area for such analyzes, is also in medical absorption and another optical effect, see research and diagnosis. In such applications, for example scattering, a very useful test, blood cells and other biological cells must be analyzed using the partial analysis to be observed. _c hen. It is known that, for example, when analyzing from AT-PS 2 51918 a device 55 biological cell samples, for example blood cells for simultaneous, independent detection of the dead cells absorbing the dye Trypano blue is taking of liquid suspended in a liquid while him the living cells do not absorb gene and / or solid material known, with the consequent it is possible to examine a sample of such cells da-Flugzeugbenzm for contamination by analyzing that the sample first one of their particles in a disperser on ver - 60 such dye is exposed and that then brought to the same size and then measured in two larger both the absorption and the scattering optical chambers as anhydrous and as water-containing suspensions. The dead cells, which absorb the dye sion in the gasoline from the investigating light beam, are then optically absorbed, whereby the gasoline determines the elongated signal, and the living cells pass through the wide chambers in the longitudinal direction optical scatter signals are examined, which slowly flows through them, while the light beam can then be used by the Kam analysis device to measure the numbers of dead and living cells in the gasoline sample in the opposite direction, also in the longitudinal direction.

position of the beam measured with the particle flow
being, the photosensitive receiving elements
simultaneously detect different optical effects of each of the particles illuminated by the beam.

There is a great need for an accurate one
Analysis for the properties of groups smaller
Particles, for example when analyzing the conditions of air pollution and water

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In a photo analysis device of the type described above, the one to be observed changes Particles caused light scattering effect with the different properties of the particles, for example with the particle size, the refractive index and the presence of refractive and absorbent Substances in the particles. Accordingly, by examining the light scattered from the particles, one can enter derive a suitable method for determining the properties of the particles. According to the invention the amplitude of the scattered ray as a function of the angles or the angular ranges measured under where the scattered light that contains a particular message occurs.

The photo analysis device according to the invention has a very economical optical chamber in its optical properties works very satisfactorily

Advantageous further developments of the invention are characterized by the subclaims 2 to 11, whose features are to enjoy protection only in conjunction with the features of claim 1.

Embodiments of the invention are described below by way of example with reference to the drawings. It shows

Fig. 1 is a schematic view, partly in section, of the essential parts of a photo analysis device according to the invention from above,

Fig. 2 is a side view, partially in section, of one Part of the device according to FIG. 1 with additional photo-optical recording elements for determining the Scattered radiation at additional angles,

F i g. 2A is a side view, partly in section, corresponding to FIG. 2 on a reduced scale a modified one Embodiment of the photo analysis device with devices for recording and determination the fluorescence of the particles,

F i g. 3 is an enlarged view of the optical chamber of the device of FIG. 1 from the front, partly as Section, through the center line together with the Interface between the light beam and the particles to be measured.

F i g. 4 is a partial front view of a photo analysis device according to the invention with modified photoelectric ones Recording elements for determining the scattered radiation and

F i g. 5 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1 of a modified embodiment from above, in which the photosensitive Recording elements are arranged such that separate signals for display the intensity of the scattered radiation and the angle of the scattered radiation can be derived.

in Fig. 1 shows an optical chamber which is formed from a glass tube section 10, which is clamped between metal parts 12 and 14, the liquid-tight Have ring seals 16 and 18, respectively. A liquid 19 containing the particles to be observed enters the device through a tube 20, which is arranged centrally in the part 12. Another Liquid 23, which forms a shell for the liquid 19 containing the particles, passes into the part 12 an inlet port 22. The liquids are in the conical or funnel-shaped inlet part 24 of the central bore 26 of the cylindrical glass tube section 10 brought together.

The speed and flow rate of the particle-containing liquid 19 passing through the Tube 20 enters and the other liquid 23 which enters through inlet 22 are so large that the flow of the particulate-containing liquid at the end of the tube 20, as shown at 28, in cross-section in FIG a very thin stream 29 is reduced, the maximum cross-sectional dimension of which is of the same size -5 Order such as the maximum dimension of the particles that are carried by the flow is for example the current diameter can be on the order of 25 microns. The most interesting Particles are often a little smaller than the current diameter and they are on the order of 1 to 10 microns in diameter. The liquid 23 may hereinafter be referred to as "shell flow" liquid as it forms a liquid envelope around the narrowed stream 29. So that a smooth and If there is no turbulent flow of the sheath liquid 23, two or more radial inlet openings can be used 22 be connected to the central bore of part 12. The funnel-shaped inlet part 24 of the cylindrical Glass tube section 10 preferably has the shape of a special exponential function, so that a smooth, non-turbulent flow of the liquids occurs at the critical point 28 at which the flow of particles containing liquid is reduced in cross section. In particular, the particle-containing liquid can be an aqueous solution and the sheath liquid 23 can be water.

The stream 29 of particles is illuminated by a light beam emitted by a light source 30 which is preferably a laser. A suitable laser is, for example, a helium-neon laser. Of the The laser light beam is reduced in diameter by a combination of spherical lenses 32 and 34 The resulting reduced diameter light beam is collimated and concentrated Light beam is reduced with the help of a lens 36 in cross section to a light beam with very little Diameter to be provided at the point 38 at which the light beam flows 29 with the particles that are observed should be, cuts. For this purpose, the lens 36 is designed as a cylindrical lens, the cylinder axis of which runs in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the glass tube section or of the chamber cylinder 10 Thus, the cross-section of the illuminating beam at the point 38, where it strikes the stream of particles, a very narrow ellipse that appears as a thin line of light across the direction of the current Details can be found in FIG. 3 described.

Electrical, photosensitive recording elements are on the outside of the cylindrical glass tube section 10, which shows the various optical effects of each particle when illuminated with the Detect the beam through the lens 36. For example, there is an electrical, photosensitive recording element 40 in a direct line with the beam in order to increase the absorption when illuminating each particle measure up. The resulting electrical signals are shown schematically in a device 46 for amplification and record or playback fed when there is no particle at the interface with the beam is present, or if there is no substantial absorption, then the beam hits the receiving element 40, without its strength being significantly reduced. It is shown in the drawing that the beam is around diverges a certain amount after converging to point 38 in the center of the chamber cylinder In a practical embodiment, the effective divergence is to about 1 ° on either side of the center line of the beam, if one of the partial

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chenabtaststelle 38 measures out in the middle of the chamber cylinder. The photosensitive pickup elements 42 and 44 are located on opposite sides of the direct beam and can be used for this the scattering of illumination outside the direct beam by the particles in a selected Measure a range of angles ranging from one degree to a specific angle. This angular range ranges, for example, from 1 ° to 9 °. The photosensitive pickup elements 42 and 44 can, as shown in FIG of the drawing, be electrically connected in parallel so that electrical signals emitted by a lighting diffusion originate on each side of the beam, can be determined and shown schematically by the

Chamber cylinder 10 would be attached. However, devices are provided with which the location of this Recording elements relative to the beam of the light source 30 can be precisely adjusted. With this setting it can be shifted from one side to the other, or it can be shifting such that the elements are closer to or farther from the particle sampling point 38 can be moved. If you move the elements away from the particle sampling point, then you can the inner edges of the elements exactly opposite the outer edges of the direct light beam for the absorption receiving element 40 can be set. So that the receiving elements 42 and 44, if so

electrical device 46 recorded white 15 can be set, scattered radiation under the narrowest possible

can. There can also be k; white photosensitive angles outside the radiation path for the di-

Liche pickup elements for picking up scattered light pick up right radiation.

be provided in other angular ranges, which are shown in FIG. Fig. 2 is a partially sectioned detailed figure drawing with 47 and 48 are designated. Example view of the device according to FIG. 1 shown which these additional two receiving elements 20, the chamber cylinder 10, the cylindrical lens 36, the mente scattering in a scattering angle range of 9 ° absorption and scattering receiving elements 40, 44 and 48 up to 22 °. The pick-up elements 47 and 48 and the backscatter pick-up element 52 contains. As to determine wide-angle scattering, one can see in FIG. 2 sees is due to the cylindrical shape to be used, the optical absorption of the chamber cylinder 10 a refraction on the light particles instead of measuring the absorption by the beam falling through the cylindrical lens 36, Perform receiving element 40. It is known what causes the light beam in the direction of the central hole

that the absorption of an incident light beam determines the amount of light that is scattered by the particles, diminished This decrease in scattered light is more significant for wide-angle scattering than for scattered light at a small angle, which is determined by the receiving elements 42 and 44. This results in, that it is advantageous to use the wide-angle light scatter measurements on elements 47 and 48 to

tion 26 of the chamber cylinder 10 converges This is in FIG F i g. 2 exaggerated. The diameter of the beam entering the cylindrical lens 36 is selected so that that it is approximately equal to the diameter of the central bore 26. This diameter is approximately 250 microns. The convergence of the light beam in the plane of FIG. 2 (perpendicular to the axis of the chamber cylinder 10) is not a disadvantage, as it serves to help the

determine the absorption, since the "Rausch" -Si- 35 beam is directed towards the central part of the central bore 26

signals due to fluctuations in the intensity of the light source and oscillations of the liquid flow for the Scattered light pick-up elements are much smaller than for the pick-up element 40 for direct absorption measurement, which is in the direct light beam

A backward scattering of the light hitting the particles, the so-called "backscattering", can also be determined by photosensitive elements 50 and 52 located on the same side of the

Concentrate Where the Particle-Carrying Stream Is Since the particle-carrying stream is only about 25 microns in diameter, substantial convergence of the light beam is desired
If, as shown in FIG. 2 is shown, larger scattering angles are to be determined, then the receiving elements can be angularly displaced around the circumference of the chamber cylinder. For example, as shown in FIG. 2 is shown, two receiving elements

Chamber cylinders are located like the light source 30 and 45 elements 56 and 58 on the circumference, which are connected to the drawing device 54 in parallel with an electrical recording and scattering light in a range of about 45 °. Of course it can
electrical device 54 be connected to device 46,

however, they are here to simplify the drawing

Determine the scanning point 38. In a similar manner, receiving elements 60 and 62 can be provided which Determine scattered light in a range of about 90 °.

shown separately 50 This arrangement of the receiving elements is natural

The devices 46 and 54 can be amplifiers, a logical one shown only for the sake of simplicity of illustration Circuits, digital counters and electronic visual analysis requires the study of the particular have devices. It is one of the essential spreads in particular angular ranges. The essential features of the invention that various optical borrowed principle that is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is shown, be-effects of each exposed particle is determined at the same time that the light which is to be analyzed can be processed and recorded. Particle is scattered at certain scattering angles The relationships between these different opti- from about 1 ° up to 179 ° with the analysis ash shown Effects can be determined with the help of analog and disorder. All components, digital circuits prepared, reproduced, displayed in FIG. 2 are shown, with the exception of the cylindrical drawing and as the basis for a lens 36 seen in detail, are preferably at a schematic end Differentiation between the particles shown on the mounting block 55 attached and

movable therewith, which is rotatable about a fixed mounting part 57. The mounting block 55 can by rotation about the mounting part 57 having a pivot pin with the aid of an adjusting screw 59, which is shown in FIG engaging the lower edge of the support block 55 can be adjusted vertically. The set screw 59 engages with its thread into a fixed mounting part 61.

The particles can be classified differently or the frequency can be determined with which certain properties occur in successive particles.

The photosensitive recording elements, for example the elements 42 and 44 for determining the Scatter, are shown in FIG. 1 shown as if they were on the

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The purpose of this vertical adjustment is to position the chamber cylinder 10 against the light beam that is emitted from the light source and falls through the cylindrical lens 36.

In the case of the FIGS. 1 and 2 shown embodiment of the invention, there is inevitably a certain partial radiation which reflects radially outwardly from the particle scanning part 38 in a narrow ring is, which is limited in the longitudinal direction of the chamber cylinder 10 to a dimension that is the width of the entering Light beam from the light source 30 corresponds. The scattered radiation pick-up elements are always in Shifted longitudinally with respect to this radiation ring, and they are preferably in pairs on opposite one another Sides of the direct beam arranged as shown by the pick-up elements 42 and 44 in FIG F i g. 1 is shown. Similarly, according to FIG. 2 the scattered radiation pick-up elements 56, 58, 60 and 62 each have a pair of receiving elements, which are preferably on opposite sides of the radiation ring are arranged.

The photosensitive recording elements used in the embodiment according to the invention as far as they is described up to now, are preferably used, are preferably silicon interface photodiodes. These components are photo voltage components, which are generally referred to as silicon solar cells * will. Suitable components of this type are generally available commercially.

The F i g. 2A corresponds generally to FIG. 2, however, FIG. 2A shows another arrangement of the components, and it also shows an arrangement for receiving and detecting the fluorescence of the particles. In this embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention, the scattered radiation receiving element 44 contains an optical reflector which may consist of a mirror 445 and a photoelectric device 44C which is arranged so that it receives the scattered radiation which is reflected on the optical reflector 445 both parts together have the same effect as the scattered radiation receiving element 44 in FIG. 2, the combination of the two elements 445 and 44C together can be referred to as a photosensitive receiving element Scattered radiation pick-up element 44 preferably used together with a further scattered radiation pick-up element 42, the combination of these two scattered radiation pick-up elements serving to determine the scattered radiation on both sides of the light beam that passes through the particle scanning point. With the aid of the deflection order shown in FIG. 2A represent and described with reference to this figure, it is possible to use two separate reflectors on opposite sides of the beam, both reflectors directing scattered radiation to a single photoelectric component, for example photoelectric component 44Q. In this way, the scattered radiation signals from the two sides of the beam must be photoelectrically combined with one another. Instead, they are optically combined with one another in that they are directed towards a single photoelectric component by separate reflectors.

The special arrangement with the reflector 445 and a possible additional reflector, which is up has now been described and the scattered radiation signals into a single photoelectric device 44C reflected can also be used in the embodiment illustrated with reference to FIGS. 2 described and it is not necessarily limited to a combination with other features that include Hand of fig. 2A to be described.

One of the most useful methods of optical measurement, that of photoanalysis of particles can be used is the measurement of the fluorescence of particles as a function of the primary irradiation by a light beam which is directed through the cylindrical lens 36, for example. The particles may be colored with dye so that when excited by light they become fluorescent Emit radiation at one or more wavelengths that are different from the wavelength of the primary light beam differentiate. The intensity of fluorescent radiation at different wavelengths is a Signs for the peculiarities and properties of the particles. Because the fluorescent radiation is essentially is emitted in all directions from the particles, it is collected by reflectors 63 and 65 and generally deflected by a cylindrical lens 67 to a dichroic mirror 69. The dichroic As is generally known, mirror 69 is designed so that it emits radiation whose wavelength is less is reflected as a certain limit value, for example of 5500 A, and that it is a radiation one larger wavelength passes. The reflected radiation is through a filter 71 onto a first photomultiplier tube 73 directed. The transmitted radiation is through a second optical filter 75 directed at a second photoelectron multiplier tube 77. With the help of the combination of dichroic vision The mirror 69 and the optical filters 71 and 75 are provided to each of the photomultiplier tubes 73 and 77 only light of a certain wavelength, which is determined by the corresponding filters. It Additional dichroic mirrors can also be provided, which convert the fluorescent radiation into additional Split spectral components to get an additional optical analysis message.

The reflectors 63 and 65 are arranged axially in relation to the chamber cylinder 10. These reflectors are preferably similar to the scattered radiation pick-up elements, as shown in FIG. 1, divided so that a reflection and a transmission of the radiation ring, mentioned above is prevented. Reflection and transmission are particularly important Then avoid the radiation ring when the radiation is in the green end of the visible spectrum is because it is difficult to provide effective optical filters 71 and 75 at this end of the spectrum. However, if fluorescent light at the red end of the visible spectrum is used, then is one effective filtering is possible and it is then preferable not to close the reflectors 63 and 65 from each other separate and deflect the radiation ring with it, as it produces fluorescent signals at the desired wavelength contains

The reflector 63 is preferably constructed so that fluorescent radiation passes through the lower surface of the chamber cylinder 10 is emitted, is reflected on the upper reflector 65. The top reflector 65 is preferably constructed so that all the radiation that is directed to this reflector, eventually to the left end of this reflector is reflected and collected by this and then through a lens 67 on the

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dichroic mirror 69 is directed.

If fluorescence measurements are being made then it has been found to be very effective as a light source 30 to use an argon laser, which emits light in the blue part of the spectrum Wavelength creates a strong fluorescent emission in biological particles that are frequently observed have to. Since the particles fluoresce in the "forward" direction, it has been found to be very desirable to provide a filter 79 which only absorbs the blue direct argon radiation to the scattered radiation receiving element 445 to 44C and to the absorption receiving element 40 lets through

The arrangement shown in Figure 2A is particularly useful because it allows a simultaneous determination of at least four different optical effects of a single particle at the same time. The absorption by the receiving element 40 is determined, the scattered radiation is determined by the receiving element 44B to 44C and two different wavelengths of the fluorescent radiation are determined by the photoelectron multipliers 73 and 77. Metachromatic or combined fluorescent colorants are known which, if they used to stain cells, fluoresce at two wavelengths, each fluorescent intensity being proportional to a particular cell constituent

In Fig. Figure 3 is an enlarged section through the portion of the device of Figure 3. 1 shown in which the Light beam actually hits the stream of particles at location 38 in chamber cylinder 10. The stream the particle 29 contains, as can be seen, really entrained particles 64, which successively through the elliptical Shaped light beam are guided at the point 66. Because of the elliptical shape of the light beam can the stream 29, which entrains the particles 64, changes its position in the chamber cylinder without changing the stream from the light beam moves on the other hand is due to the narrow elliptical shape of the beam, the width of the beam being substantially of the same order of magnitude as the diameter of the Particle, requires that each particle has an optimal optical reaction with the beam, even if the Particles are only a small distance apart, it is actually impossible that the beam at a time can act on more than one particle.

FIG. 4 shows a section through a modified embodiment of a device according to FIG. 1 shown, are used in the arcuate receiving elements 42A, 44Λ and 46/4, 48/4. The view shows a section along the section line "4-4" in FIG. 2, although the modifications according to FIG. 4 are of course not shown in FIG. The scattered radiation pick-up elements 42 and 44 and 46 and 48 according to FIG. 1 are arranged in such a way that the scattered radiation is captured in certain angular ranges, in that they are shifted in their position along the axis of the chamber cylinder 10. As shown in FIG. 2, the measurement for larger scattering angles can be carried out by shifting the receiving elements on the circumference of the chamber cylinder can be achieved as they are at 42A, 44/4 and 46/4, 48Λ in F i g. 4 are shown. Consequently, the radiation that is scattered over a particular angular range can be scattered somewhere within a possible scattered radiation cone, whereby it ends on a substantially circular radiation surface, for example the area formed by the receiving elements 46Λ and 48A.This means that semicircular receiving elements are particularly effective when collecting the entire scattered radiation in a range of scattering angles for which they are designed.

F i g. 5, which the F i g. 1 is a view of a modified embodiment of the device of FIG F i g. 1, the particular one depending on the point of incidence of the light Photo detectors 68 and 70 are used, both the intensity and the angular position of the Determine scattered radiation. These are silicon boundary layer photodiodes, as they are for example at United Detector Technology in Santa Monica, California, USA, under the name Light Position Sensign Photo-Detector. The photo detectors 68 and 70 are fed by a direct current source 72. The current of the direct current source 72 flows Via middle detector connections 74 and 76 to the detectors 68 and 70, respectively. The current flows through an or both detectors and is output at end ports 78 and 80 or end ports 82 and 84, the ratio of the currents through the various end connections of each detector being dependent on the location of the Beam that impinges on the component depends. For example, if the beam hits the detector or hits component 70 and if the beam is closer to port 84 than to port 80, then a greater current flows through terminal 84 than through terminal 80. The currents of the Terminals 82 and 84 are fed back to DC power source 72 by passing them through a load resistor 86 to ground and from ground via a load resistor 88. Be accordingly the currents of the connections 78 and 80 via a load resistor 90 to ground and further via the Load resistor 88 fed back to DC power source 72. The resistance values of load resistors 86 and 90 are preferably equal, and the relative values of the load currents through these resistors will be measured as voltage drops in a differential amplifier 92 to produce a scattered ray angle signal, which is fed to a determination and recording circuit 46/4.

The intensity of the scattered beam illumination is correspondingly due to the voltage drop across the joint Load resistance 88 is determined by an amplifier 94, the output of which is also connected to the circuit 46Λ This is associated with the arrangement according to FIG. 5 not only the scattered radiation in certain areas the scattering angle is determined, but the intensity of the scattered radiation is also recorded and displayed, The angle at which the scattered radiation occurs. This results in a particularly valuable analysis device, when the significant range of the analysis angle is not known beforehand

For this purpose 4 sheets of drawings

Claims (11)

21 Ol claim: 1. Photo analysis device for simultaneous optisehen Measurement of various properties of each particle in a group of particles, such as blood cells, which are suspended in a liquid, with a light source, a cylindrical optical Chamber, which consists of a material that transmits light from the light source, with a Voi direction that moves the liquid with the suspended particles in a thin stream through the chamber, so that the particles are moved through the stream one after the other in a sequence, with one Light deflection device through which the light from the light source is directed to one side of the chamber is so that it intersects the thin stream of particles with a collimated beam, with at least two photosensitive recording elements outside the chamber in different angular positions in relation to the direction of the beam, if from the intersection of the beam with the particle flow is measured, wherein the photosensitive recording elements simultaneously different optical Determine the effects of each of the particles illuminated by the beam, characterized in that that the cylindrical optical chamber (10) has a wall of a thickness which is a multiple the diameter of its central bore (26), and that the different angular position of the photosensitive Receiving elements (40 to 52) with respect to the direction of the beam by a relative Displacement between the photosensitive recording elements in a direction parallel to the axis the optical chamber (10) is reached. 2. Photo analysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that the light deflection device (32, 34, 36) with the side of the optical Chamber cooperates that a light beam with a substantially elliptical cross-section (66, F i g. 3) in a plane perpendicular to the light beam at the interface with the thin stream of particles arises, and that the major axis of the elliptical cross-section of the beam is substantially perpendicular stands in the direction of the thin stream of particles. 3. Photo analysis device according to claim 2, characterized in that the light deflecting device (32 to 36), through which the light beam is deflected, reshapes the light beam so that it is substantially has an elliptical cross-section (66, Fig. 3) so that the length of the minor axis therein The order of magnitude is like the maximum dimension of the particles (64) that are observed should, and that the length of the major axis of the elliptical beam cross-section is significantly greater than is the maximum dimension of the particles to be observed (64), thereby changing the orbital motion of particles to balance towards the light beam when the particles move through the Move light beam. 4. Photo analysis device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the light deflection device a cylindrical lens (36, Fig. 1), the axis of which is perpendicular to the light beam and in a plane perpendicular to the flow (29) of particles through the optical chamber (10). 5. Photo analysis device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the Device (20, 22), which the liquid with the suspended particles in a thin stream (29) moved through the optical chamber, a device for creating an envelope (23) from liquid which flows annularly through the optical chamber and surrounds the thin stream to thereby to limit the thin flow of the liquid with suspended particles to a dimension which is smaller is called the inside transverse dimension of the optical chamber. 6. Photo analysis device according to claim 5, characterized in that the optical chamber (10) a substantially uniformly limited central bore (26) contains that the central bore on Inlet end (24) is enlarged, and that the shape of the enlarged central bore at the inlet is such that the change in diameter is essentially an exponential function in the direction along the axis corresponds to the bore at its enlarged end part. 7. Photo analysis device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that one (40) of the photosensitive recording elements (40 to 52) with the light beam on one side of the optical Chamber (10) facing the light source (30) is aligned, whereby there is non-scattered light from the light source, thereby measuring the amount of light absorbed by each particle will 8. Photo analysis device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at least one (50) of the photosensitive pickup elements (40 to 52) on the same side of the optical Chamber (10) like the light source (30) for determining the amount backscattered by the particles Light is arranged. 9. Photo analysis device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that at least a pair (42,44; 47,48) photosensitive to stray lighta Receiving elements arranged symmetrically on opposite sides of the light beam is, so that through each pair (42, 44; 47, 48) light, which over different specific angular ranges is scattered, it can be determined that each pair (42, 44; 47, 48) of the photosensitive Recording elements is electrically connected to generate a combined electrical signal and that the parts of each pair to accommodate over the same angular range on the opposite Side of the light beam scattered light is arranged. 10. Photo analysis device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that at least one of the photosensitive recording elements (68, FIG. 5) is one that is sensitive to the radiation site Contains component, which emits an electrical output signal (to 92), the position of the light beam striking its surface and that corresponds to a different electrical signal (at 94) outputs which corresponds to the intensity of the light spot, and that the position scanning axis of this component is arranged in a plane that is perpendicular to the main axis of the light beam and parallel is arranged to the light transmission direction of the light beam, so that the position-determining signal of the component depending on the 21 Ol 358 scattered light allows an indication of the angle below which a maximum of the distributed scattered radiation occurs for each particle 11. Photo analysis device according to one of the claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a spectral filter (71) is arranged such that it light picked up by the one photoelectric pickup element (73) is filtered by the spectral filter is chosen so that it emits light with the wave The device is not suitable for use in medical research and diagnosis The object of the invention is to provide a more effective photo analysis device that has an increased Information content about the particles to be examined as a result of improved optical properties This object is achieved according to the invention in that the cylindrical optical chamber has a wall of a Has strength that is a multiple of the diameter