DE202008006567U1 - Electromotive single shaft drive - Google Patents

Abstract

Drive for heddle shafts, wherein each weaving shank is driven by means of an electromotive linear motor, characterized in that
the bearing of the motor rotor (1.7, 1.8, 2.13 to 2.16, 3.5, 3.6) by means of pneumatic plain bearings (1.11 to 1.18, 1.1 'to 1.14', 2.21 to 2.34, 2.21 'to 2.28', 2.31 ', 2.32', 3.1, 3.2 , 3.7, 3.8) and that
all engines are accommodated in each case or in groups or all together in a housing (2.35, 2.36, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 5.2) in which at least during the weaving process an overpressure with respect to the housing environment is present.

Description

Electric motors in the form of linear motors have meanwhile found a wide range of technical applications. Also in the field of weaving machines, they are already in certain cases, such. B. the weft yarn, in use. For other weaving machine components, they are also proposed: For the individual drive of the heald frames (eg. JP 10310949A . DE 19821094A1 ), the reed (eg. DE 19821094A1 . DE 10154941C2 ) and the gripper bars of a rapier weaving machine (e.g. DE 10154940A1 . DE 10154817C1 ). The drive of the reed or the batten with linear motors or rotatably pivoting motors as well as the drive of the gripper bars with linear motors requires high accelerations to be provided by the motors, which are expensive for these engines special solutions such as the application of superconductivity, z. B. to increase the field strength in the air gap field in the field of view. On the other hand, the single drive of the heald requires much lower accelerations compared to reed and rapiers, so that a realization with linear motors even without the superconductivity seems very promising.

• 1. Dauerfestigkeit der Motorenlager
• 2. Verschmutzung durch Faserflug, Schlichte etc.

However, corresponding test runs show two weak points for which no satisfactory solutions have been disclosed in the prior art:

• 1. Fatigue strength of engine bearings
• 2. Pollution by fiber fly, sizing etc.

When Bearings were in place of steel ball or steel roller bearings already those tested with corresponding ceramic bodies; she are expensive and do not reach the required stability. Magnetic bearings offer technical remedy; you could conceptually they also integrate well into superconducting engines - however these bearings are also very high in cost; come in addition the additional control effort. Furthermore it is the aim to not use superconductivity.

The object of the invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned vulnerabilities. This is inventively achieved by the use of pneumatic plain bearings, preferably designed as air bearings. Pneumatic plain bearings in the design as air bearings are already successfully tested on weaving machines elsewhere; so had DE 19711594A1 for the guidance of the gripper bars experience an implementation on series machines.

The The present invention relates to the heddle-related invention but must be essential compared to the gripper bars greater susceptibility to soiling of the vertically moving linear motors for weaving sheave account wear. This is inventively by the accommodation of the pneumatic Slide bearings executed linear motors in closed Housings solved, in which cases by the gas emission of the pneumatic plain bearings themselves and / or another gaseous medium an overpressure is produced. The closed housing preferably have in its upper part a passage opening for the force transmitting means to each shaft. By The overpressure is prevented by this opening Pollution particles penetrate into the housing interior. Around in a preferred manner to regulate the pressure in the housing can, there is also a suction. Gas supply and exhaust are controlled by appropriate or controllable means, for. As a compressor, accomplished. One as described executed housing can, for. B. each linear motor, for groups of these motors or all motors, the force on the same machine side in their respective assigned Shaft initiate, be provided. Also the compressor or the Compressors can each be assigned to one or more housings be.

is in applications with a particularly high level of contamination by fiber fly, sizing, etc. is expected, above the respective hitherto named housing arranged a first chamber, by which also the force-transmitting means to each Shank is passed. In this chamber will be one Negative pressure generated. For this there is a suction, their operation via suitable controllable or controllable means, z. B. the aforementioned compressors. Above this first Chamber a second chamber is arranged, through which also the force transmitting means passed to the respective shaft becomes. In this second chamber, an overpressure is generated. For this there is a gas feed option, their operation via suitable controllable or controllable means, z. B. the aforementioned compressors. The second chamber prevents by its overpressure already to a high degree that Dirt particles via passage for the can transmit power transmitting means into their interior. Particles that succeed, are the negative pressure of the first Chamber sucked and sucked there, because the pressure in the underlying housing prevents her further Advance into this.

In order to make do with little space and thus small demand forces for the bearings which are to stabilize the shafts against a (pendulum) movement in the weft direction, it is proposed in an additional inventive step as an advantageous embodiment to provide a substantially U-shaped stable frame, which, possibly via damper, is placed on the ground and within the free space provided for this purpose in the weaving machine. On the bottom console of the frame, the linear motors in their aforementioned hous fixed, which in turn og chambers if necessary. The side legs of the U-frame serve to guide the shaft, possibly also to fix the housings and chambers, and advantageously as a mechanical "mass" of braking means.This U-frame is fixed against vibration against the weaving machine frame, thus achieving a largely mechanical decoupling of loom and shank system Means for the mobility of the shank against the force transmitting in it in the weft direction should not be necessary as an additional measure for a smooth running of the linear motors, whereby very good conditions for a smooth straight running of the shafts are given.

One another advantage of being held together by a U-frame Dobby is that z. B. by removal of the rear cross connector the weaving machine frame this dobby by suitable means (eg rollers or lift trucks) can be retracted and extended. This facilitates the initial commissioning as well as conversions, maintenance and repairs.

at a small pendulum of the shafts and thus the to them the force transmitting means in the weft direction consists the possibility of a very simple inventive solution for a holding brake. It has two preferably with low-wear hard rubber-studded beams that fit in Kettrichtung at least according to the common extent all o. g. force transmitting means of a drive side extends. When the brake is closed by said elastic (Hard rubber) beam covering ensured that even at low Offset of the force-transmitting means in the weft direction each of them is securely held in position.

A further advantageous inventive expression for Applications with stronger pendulum movement of the shafts In the firing direction is the body of the pneumatic Slide bearing in turn in the weft direction elastic against solid construction means to fix so that they pendulum the power transmission means can yield to a greater extent (eg 1 mm). Thus, a friction and wear causing mechanical collision avoided with these power transmission means. Especially Appropriately, in this case, this elastic Connection in the vertical direction react differently yielding. This is z. B. achievable by two spring elements, wherein the first Element the upper portion of the plain bearing body, the second Element, however, the lower portion of the plain bearing body connects against the solid construction means.

The inventive expression of elastic fixation can Of course, together with the previously proposed U-frames are used. This results in a particularly robust System.

The previously named in this document solutions to keep clear the drive technology of pollution, namely the overpressure and the creation of two additional chambers, of which the lower with negative pressure, the upper pressurized is, can be supplemented in an advantageous manner. And by bellows-like textile connections between a) the Force on the shafts transmitting means and b) the passage opening of the housing or the upper chamber for these agents. Ie. these bellows textile compounds are occlusive over arranged and follow the aforementioned passage openings due to their elasticity the movements of the aforementioned force transmitting means. Here is the textile used permeable to the gas (eg., Air), which with pressure in the housing or the upper Chamber is located. While the textile is characterized by its fine pores the penetration of dirt particles into the housing or prevents the upper chamber, the overpressure ensures that these particles are not on the outside of the textile drop.

The invention is described below in the 1 to 8th illustrated embodiments explained in more detail.

1 shows one from the upper ( 1.1 ) and lower shaft bar ( 1.2 ) and the side supports ( 1.3 . 1.4 ) existing shaft. He is suitably rigid with the means 1.5 . 1.6 connected, which z. B. can be designed as steel or light metal rods. The middle 1.5 turn, is rigid with the runner 1.7 a linear motor connected to the means 1.6 rigid with the runner 1.8 another linear motor. Move the runners of the linear motors, so act 1.5 . 1.6 So as a force-transmitting means on the shaft, so that this moves. 1.9 and 1.10 are the stands of the respective linear motors; between one hand 1.9 and 1.7 and on the other hand between 1.10 and 1.8 In order to achieve the motor (and correspondingly regenerative function during braking), a corresponding air gap field is formed. In the direction perpendicular to the drawing plane can each behind 1.7 respectively. 1.8 yet another stand 1.9 ' respectively. 1.10 ' be arranged, ie the runners 1.7 and 1.8 are each sandwiched between two stands. So each engine would include two stands, so it is possible for each engine so greater forces and consequently in turn higher accelerations.

The direction perpendicular to the plane of the drawing 1 is referred to below as the warp direction.

1.11 . 1.13 are assigned to a motor as pneumatic plain bearings; 1.12 and 1.14 are assigned as pneumatic plain bearings in the same way to the other engine. They serve to guide the runner 1.7 respectively. 1.8 in the warp direction. So that this guide also succeeds, in the warp direction behind the respective rotor further, not shown, pneumatic plain bearings 1.11 ' . 1.12 . 1.13 ' . 1.14 ' arranged, which represented the 1.11 . 1.12 . 1.13 . 1.14 expediently each mirror image.

The pneumatic plain bearings 1.15 and 1.17 serve the leadership of 1.7 respectively. 1.5 transverse to the warp direction, this direction transverse to the warp direction is called in the following weft direction. In the same way serve the pneumatic plain bearings 1.16 and 1.18 the leadership of 1.8 respectively. 1.6 in the weft direction.

2 shows two shafts, of which the first from the shaft bar ( 2.1 . 2.2 ) and the side supports ( 2.5 . 2.6 ) and the second, arranged behind, from the shaft bar ( 2.3 . 2.4 ) and the side supports ( 2.7 . 2.8 ) consists. The means 2.9 and 2.10 serve the rigid connection of the first shaft with the runners 2.13 respectively. 2.14 two linear motors. In the same way serve by 2.9 respectively. 2.11 and 2.2 covert means 2.10 and 2.12 the rigid connection of the second shaft with the runners 2.15 respectively. 2.16 two further linear motors. The stand 2.17 is part of the linear motor, which also includes the rotor 2.13 includes. Advantageously, in the warp direction behind the runner 2.13 another stator associated with the linear motor 2.17 ' arranged to achieve a larger air gap field, which expediently mirror image to 2.17 is executed. Cf. for this purpose also z. B. the arrangement of runners 1.7 as well as the stands 1.9 and 1.9 ' ,

The other, the drive of the first shaft serving linear motor comprises according to the rotor 2.14 as well as the stand 2.18 and suitably the stand 2.18 ' who too 2.18 mirror image behind 2.14 is arranged. The second shaft is associated with two linear motors, one of which is the rotor 2.15 as well as a stand 2.19 respectively. 2.19 ' , the other the runner 2.16 as well as a stand 2.20 respectively. 2.20 ' includes; 2.19 ' and 2.20 ' are a meaningful execution option such as 2.17 ' respectively. 2.18 ' ,

2.21 . 2.25 ; 2.22 . 2.26 ; 2.23 . 2.27 ; 2.24 . 2.28 are assigned as pneumatic plain bearings the respective engine. They serve to guide the runners 2.13 ; 2.14 ; 2.15 ; 2.16 in the warp direction. So that this guide also succeeds, in the warp direction behind each runner further, not shown, pneumatic plain bearings 2.21 ' . 2.25 '; 2.22 ' . 2.26 '; 2.23 ' . 2.27 '; 2.24 ' . 2.28 ' arranged, which represented the 2.21 . 2.25 ; 2.22 . 2.26 ; 2.23 . 2.27 ; 2.24 . 2.28 expediently each mirror image.

The pneumatic plain bearings 2.29 . 2:33 ; 30.2 . 2:34 ; 2.31 . 2.31 '; 2:32 . 2:32 ' serve the leadership of the runners 2.17 ; 2.18 ; 2.19 ; 2.20 in the weft direction. Not shown, because of the runners 2.13 respectively. 2.14 concealed plain bearings 2.31 ' respectively. 2:32 ' stand 2.31 respectively. 2:32 in the same way as opposite 30.2 the 2:34 respectively. 2.29 the 2:33 faces.

2:35 is a case that fits the runners 2.13 . 2.15 As well as the respective stator formed linear motors and the linear motors associated pneumatic plain bearings. For the partly (depending on the shaft excavation) more or less in the housing located connecting means 2.9 . 2.11 is in 2:35 provided above a passage opening. In 2:35 is at least during the weaving process, an overpressure against the housing environment available. The overpressure can be achieved by the gas delivery (preferably air) of the pneumatic slide bearing itself and / or by additional gas supply, preferably carried out as an air supply.

2:36 is a case that fits the runners 2.14 . 2.16 As well as the respective stator formed linear motors and the linear motors associated pneumatic plain bearings. For the partly (depending on the shaft excavation) more or less in the housing located connecting means 2.10 . 2.12 is in 2:36 provided above a passage opening. In 2:36 is at least during the weaving process, an overpressure against the housing environment available. The overpressure can be achieved by the gas delivery (preferably air) of the pneumatic slide bearing itself and / or by additional gas supply, preferably carried out as an air supply.

3 shows a sectional view of 2 according to the in 2 noted cutting plane AA. The arrows indicate the direction of action of the pressure exerted by the respective pneumatic plain bearings pressures. You can see the leadership of the runners again 2.13 and 2.15 , The structure takes into account the necessary compactness in the warp direction.

In 4 corresponds to the housing 4.1 the housing 2:35 out 2 ; in the same way corresponds to the housing 4.2 the housing 2:36 ,

Above of 4.1 are the chambers 4.3 and 4.5 arranged. They have analog 4.1 Passage openings for the connecting means (see. 2.9 ; 2.11 in 2 ) from the rotor of the respective linear drive motor to the respective shaft. While, as in 2 described in 4.1 an overpressure is made, so in the above of 4.1 located chamber 4.3 a lower pressure than in 4.1 produced. In the above of 4.3 chamber in turn will be a higher pressure than in 4.3 as well as the environment. In this way, the penetration of dirt or generally foreign particles is counteracted particularly efficiently. Even if it is such a particle despite overpressure in 4.5 should succeed, by named passage in 4.5 it will be penetrated by the in 4.3 prevailing negative pressure in 4.3 sucked in, the overpressure in 4.1 this process still supported. So the particle has practically no possibility in 4.1 to get. The chambers 4.4 and 4.6 stand to the housing 4.2 in the same functional terms as for 4.3 . 4.5 and 4.1 previously described.

4.7 . 4.8 . 4.9 . 4.10 represent means that can produce the pressure conditions mentioned. So in a simple case 4.7 to be a compressor. Over the lines 4.8 and 4.10 he presses a gas (preferably air) in 4.1 respectively. 4.6 on, over the line 4.9 he sucks this gas out 4.6 on the other hand.

In 5 is one too 4 identical unit shown. For the means 4.7 . 4.8 . 4.9 . 4.10 No equivalent is shown, as for the statement 5 immaterial. The housing 5.1 finds its ending in 4.1 , the case 5.2 in 4.2 of the 4 ,

It is the frame 5.3 represented on or on which the housing 5.1 and 5.2 are fastened and at the same time serves the shaft guide, including preferably already known from the prior art shaft guides in or on 5.3 are fixed. Such known from the prior art shaft guides are z. B. in the direction of the shaft movement grooved plates, usually made of plastic. The shafts run with their side grooves on the webs of these plates.

The frame 5.3 is preferably suitable for floor installation. Thus, the unit can be operated largely vibration isolation of the loom, which is very beneficial to the quiet of the shaft movement and thus allows significantly higher operating speeds. Furthermore, it is advantageous to the frame 5.3 z. B. to make mobile by simply attaching a wheelset. This is how the unit together with the frame 5.3 easily moved to another loom and put into use there.

In a further preferred embodiment, the frame 5.3 on construction elements of the loom, z. B. on the so-called chair walls, fixed.

6 shows the structural design, which is already in 3 was presented with supplementary resources 6.1 which the bodies (eg. 3.8 ) of the pneumatic slide bearing in turn in the weft direction elastic against solid construction means 6.2 fix. Thus, the bodies of the pneumatic plain bearings can give way to the oscillation of the power transmission means to a greater extent (eg 1 mm). This avoids friction and wear-causing mechanical collision with these power transmission means, which may otherwise occur in applications involving greater pendulum motion of the shafts in the weft direction.

7 shows a particularly expedient embodiment for the solution 6 , Here are bodies (eg. 3.8 ) of pneumatic plain bearings two elastic elements 6.1 . 6.1 ' associated, which are arranged in the direction of the shaft-working movement, ie in most cases vertically, consecutively and which the sliding bearing body elastic against solid construction means 6.2 fix.

So will be a very good yield to shanks achieved that experience a tilting movement, such as when, for. B. by different resistance forces, the lifting movement of the associated linear motors is not exactly synchronous. equally is a very good yield to shanks achieved in which the aforementioned tilting movement with a pendulum superimposed in the firing direction to a centrifugal movement.

In 8th are bellows-like textile compounds 8.1 . 8.2 shown, which the passage openings of the housing ( 2:35 . 2:36 ; as shown in the figure) or the chambers ( 4.5 . 4.6 ) for the force-transmitting means ( 2.9 . 2.10 ) close. For this, the bellows-like textile compounds must be able to follow the movements of the force-transmitting means. Due to the permeability of the textile with respect to the housing or chamber with overpressure gas, the textile is not only an additional protection against the penetration of dirt particles to motors and bearings, but it also effectively prevents soiling deposits on the textile.

General remark:

Of the term used in this invention a rigid connection thinks that two such connected components in the course of the ideal Working movement no relative movement to each other or separated from each other. Ie. the term encloses also compounds that give a compliance to avoid damage which, without this flexibility, are due to manufacturing and mounting tolerances may occur.

Of course, pneumatic Sliding bearing also suitable for linear motors for driving reed or batten or use the gripper bars.

1.1 1.2

shaft bar

1.3 1.4

Stem-side supports

1.5 1.6

Transmitting power Means from the linear motor rotor to the shaft

1.7 1.8

Linear motors runners

1.9 1.10

Linear motors stand package Note: Behind the runner is preferably another such stand package arranged; the runner will follow the "sandwich" principle guided between these two stator packs (= Doubling of the force-generating air gap surface)

1.11 ... 1.18

pneumatic bearings

2.1 2.2

shaft bar front shaft

2.3 2.4

shaft bar rear shaft

2.5 2.6

Stem-side supports front shaft

2.7 2.8

Stem-side supports rear shaft

2.9 2.10

Transmitting power Means of linear motor rotor (front linear motors) to the front shaft

2.11 2.12

hidden: Power transmitting means of the linear motor rotor (rear linear motors) to the rear shaft

2:13, 2.14

Linear motors runners (front linear motors)

2:15, 2.16

Linear motors runners (rear linear motors)

2:17, 2.18

Linear motor stator package (front linear motors, reference to 1.9 . 1.10 )

2:19, 2.20

Linear motor stator package (rear linear motors, reference to 1.9 . 1.10 )

2.21 ... 2.34

pneumatic bearings

2:35, 2:36

casing for housing the linear motors

3.1

Effective direction arrows (Direction of gas emission of pneumatic plain bearings)

3.2 3.3

Further pneumatic plain bearings

3.4

additional force transmitting agent

3.5 3.6

Further Linear motors runners

3.7 3.8

Further pneumatic plain bearings

4.1 4.2

Housing (see. 2:35 . 2:36 )

4.3 4.4

First Chambers (vacuum chambers)

05/04, 4.6

Second Chambers (overpressure chambers)

4.7

medium for pressure control (eg compressor)

4.8

Suction line (the overpressure in the housing 4.2 is achieved by the gas emission of the pneumatic plain bearings)

4.9

Suction line from the first chamber 4.4

4.10

Injection line into the second chamber 4.6

5.1 5.2

Housing (see. 2:35 . 2:36 )

5.3

U-frame

6.1

elastic connection

6.2

Mechanical "mass"

8.1 8.2

Textilbalge

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - JP 10310949 A [0001]
• - DE 19821094 A1 [0001, 0001]
• - DE 10154941 C2 [0001]
• - DE 10154940 A1 [0001]
• - DE 10154817 C1 [0001]
• DE 19711594 A1 [0004]

Claims (10)

Drive for heddle shafts, wherein each weaving shank is driven by means of a linear electric motor, characterized in that the bearing of the motor rotor ( 1.7 . 1.8 ; 2.13 to 2.16 ; 3.5 . 3.6 ) by means of pneumatic plain bearings ( 1.11 to 1.18 . 1.1 ' to 1.14 '; 2.21 to 2:34 . 2.21 ' to 2.28 ' . 2.31 ' . 2:32 '; 3.1 . 3.2 . 3.7 . 3.8 ) and that all engines are in each case in groups or all together in a housing ( 2:35 . 2:36 ; 4.1 . 4.2 ; 5.1 . 5.2 ) are housed, in which at least during the weaving process, an overpressure against the housing environment is present. Drive according to claim 1, characterized that the bearings of the motor rotors are in firing as well as warp direction takes place. Drive according to claim 1, characterized in that above the respective housing a first chamber ( 4.3 . 4.4 ) and above this first chamber a second chamber ( 4.5 . 4.6 ) is arranged and that at least during the weaving process in the second chamber, an overpressure relative to the chamber environment and in the first chamber, a negative pressure against the interior of the housing and the interior of the second chamber is present. Drive according to claim 1 or 3, characterized that the pressures in the housings and chambers controllable are. Drive according to Claim 4, characterized that the pressures in the housings and chambers can be regulated are. Drive according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a substantially U-shaped frame ( 5.3 ) is provided, wherein at least the bottom console of the fixing of the housing ( 5.1 . 5.2 ) of the linear motors is used and that the side legs of this frame of the shaft guide serve that this frame is fixed within the space provided for this purpose in the loom free space or steaming means on the ground and that this frame is fixed on vibration damping means against the weaving machine construction. Drive according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least one notably for holding in position holding the shafts provided braking means is provided, which depends on the power from the engine to the respective Shank transmitting means acts, being this braking means has beam-like brake shoes, these bars are in Kettrichtung at least according to the common extent All of the aforementioned force-transmitting means of a drive side extend, wherein each of the bars on its effective surface provided with an elastically resilient covering. Drive according to claim 2, characterized in that the bodies ( 3.8 ) provided for guiding the shafts in the weft direction pneumatic plain bearing via elastic means ( 6.1 ) with fixed construction means ( 6.2 ) are connected. Drive according to claim 1, characterized in that bellows-like textile compounds ( 8.1 . 8.2 ) between a) the respective force transmitting the force to the shafts and b) the passage opening of the housing ( 2:35 . 2:36 ) are arranged for this means, so that these bellows-type compounds each closed passage openings that these connections can follow the necessary operating movements of the said respective force-transmitting means, that these compounds prevent the ingress of contaminant particles into the housing and that these compounds compared to the overpressure Gas in the housing are permeable. Drive according to claim 3, characterized that bellows-type textile connections between a) the respective the force on the shafts transmitting means and b) the passage opening of the second chamber for this means are arranged so that these bellows connections close each designated passage openings, that these compounds the necessary operating movements of said can follow each force-transmitting agent, that these compounds ingress pollutants in prevent the second chamber and that these compounds are facing the permeable gas in the second chamber permeable are.