DE2000052A1 - Wet treatment of textiles - Google Patents

Abstract

Apparatus, particularly a laboratory apparatus, for the wet treatment of textile goods comprises a vessel in which a material carrier is installed having a body, at least partly permeable to the liquor, a top and a bottom, a circulating device for circulating the liquor in the vessel transversely through the textile material from the interior of the carrier and for returning it, with the improvement whereby the material can be driven rotatably and is provided with guide surfaces at the top of the vessel e.g. on a guide device, for feeding the liquor which rises upwards along the inner wall of the vessel body into the upper end of the central channel of the material carrier.

Description

Device for wet treatment of textile goods.

The invention relates to a device, in particular a laboratory criterion Wet treatment of textile goods with a liquor-permeable one serving to hold the textile goods Material carrier, which has a jacket, a base and a cover in a Vessel is arranged, and with a circulating medium to an existing in the vessel Fleet across the textile goods from the interior of the material carrier to circulate the jacket to and back to the aforesaid interior space.

It is already known to convert textile goods into a filled with a liquor Bringing in a vessel and using a pump to move the liquor through the textile material; in order to achieve such a nasal treatment of the same. It is also known the textile to move slowly through a fleet.

In both cases, an additional facility is required, in order to remove a large part of the liquor from the textile material after the wet treatment. This facility is in a production facility as a drainage apparatus and in a laboratory device designed as a centrifuge or water jet pump (vacuum pump).

The invention is now based on the object of a device for water treatment of textile goods with this additional device for removal the liquor is no longer available after the wet treatment. This task is carried out according to the Invention in the device mentioned at the outset is due to the fact that the material carrier is rotatable and drivable and in the upper part of the vessel guide surfaces, for example on a guide device for feeding the material carrier along when rotating the inside of the jacket rising liquor into the upper end of the central channel of the material carrier are provided. With this tanning according to the invention can now with a corresponding rotation of the material carrier on or in which the textile material is located located, first the fleet is put into circulation; so that they are constantly in the transverse direction penetrates the textile material. Then you can join after draining the liquor corresponding high speed of the textile material after the wet treatment The still supporting material carrier is at least partially thrown off in the textile material fleet still located, so that these two processes namely the actual wet treatment and the removal of the liquor from the textile material, with the same Device can be carried out.

A particular advantage of the device according to the invention is that it is omitted of every pump and thus all of the components leading to the pump. This results in a particularly simple and relatively cheap construction, which is also very easy and quick to clean. This can be seen, for example, in the fact that a light yellow color even after a black color after only a short rinse or bleach can be done.

The construction of the upper part of this device is such that the ascending liquor from the outside to the inside and the material carrier, which is open at the top is fed.

To achieve this, very different constructions can be used be used. However, it is beneficial in / cases when immediately above the A collecting funnel is attached to the material carrier, which carries the liquor to the inside of the Material body feeds, especially when working with very little liquor that has to be brought up by high speeds of the material carrier.

In some cases it is not even necessary to take special measures to be provided on the inside of the vessel, since a certain deflection is definitely required takes place. To achieve this, however, it is advantageous to have a guide device on the upper part of the vessel to provide to favor the deflection movement of the fleet. For example, a deflecting member be provided that has an outer, downwardly open annular channel of curved Has a cross-section, which is then adjoined by a central, conical guide surface, which now flows along the fleet to the material carrier. However, it is often sufficient when the deflecting member is only a downwardly directed, conical plate.

The collecting funnel is expediently held by the deflecting member, for example by rods or possibly also by guide or baffle plates from the outside are directed inwards and help to bring the fleet to the center.

It can also be beneficial to move the fleet upwards an additional device to improve and speed up. -To this end A turbine can be arranged on the lower part of the lz; aterialcarrier, which for example May have wings.

The tdiaterialträger is provided with an interior, so that the liquor can penetrate from the inside across a textile product. Otherwise is the material carrier is adapted to the textile goods to be attached to it. In all cases the material carrier must be permeable to the water in the transverse direction.

The shape of the material carrier can be practically any, if only this requirement is met and the material carrier is the relevant to be treated Material wears. If the material carrier only covers part of its circumference with textile material is occupied, it is advantageous if the remaining circumference is impermeable to the fleet is.

The material carrier can be a simple wire frame, a meandering, resilient round body, a sieve-like or a sleeve-like one with openings Be body.

In many cases it is sufficient if the material carrier is perforated Sleeve is formed which has an opening at the top. If necessary, the material carrier have an annular receiving space, especially for textile goods that are only can be poured into a room. In this case, all surrounding walls this material carrier, for example, an inner and an outer sleeve, corresponding Have holes.

For a special treatment, which will be discussed in more detail below it can be useful if only taken by the fleet to form one Empty space when the device stops, the material carrier on part of its lower length is impervious to the navy.

To see the treatment with the fleet and any changes that occur and to be able to observe, the jacket of the vessel is preferably at least translucent or made transparent and conveniently made of glass. The orm of the mantle can cylindrical, in particular circular cylindrical, or it can also be the jacket, to favor the ascent of the fleet, tapered upwards be.

In order to have one for every textile and every type of wet treatment To achieve the appropriate speed of the textile material, the drive is advantageous adjustable. This can be done, for example, by using a regulating motor used which can directly drive the material carrier via its drive shaft.

When using the device as a laboratory device, there are other very significant advantages, which are explained in more detail below in the practical wet treatment in large-scale operations results in a Flotterver ratio of up to down to 1: 2.5. This means the ratio of those in the actual naive action vessel existing active fleet to the inactive one in any orbital system Fleet. If this relationship is different in a laboratory device than in a large-scale practice, so no reliable conclusions can be drawn from the laboratory experiment on this large-scale practice will. Since the ratio in the laboratory device is much higher, recipes that were set up in a laboratory device in the laboratory, usually not directly can be transferred to large-scale practice.

They therefore do not provide any real application and calculation documents For example, this applies to dye combinations, of which not without Further conclusions can be drawn from the laboratory test on the large-scale practice.

If, to cite only one case, a dye combination 1 (, 3 of a yellow, 0.8 ;; of a red and 0.8% of a blue dye and was dyed in the laboratory on 10 g of material in a liquor ratio of 1:15, so shows in practice on 100 kg of material in a liquor ratio of 1: 8 in the Coloring a different shade, chemicals and auxiliary additives also behave often quite different in different liquor ratios.

During the wet treatment of materials moved in the liquor, in the known laboratory devices, in contrast to large-scale practice, the liquor ratios are below 1:15 cannot be achieved. During the wet treatment of textiles in by pumping or propellers of moving liquor can in the most favorable case in known laboratory equipment Liquor ratios of 1: 8 can be achieved, which is far higher than the liquor ratios are in large-scale practice, where ratios down to 1: 2.5 are used, so so-called short liquor ratios are available.

Here the laboratory device according to the invention creates change insofar as as now for the first time wet treatments in laboratory tests also in conditions below 1: 8, i.e. for example 1: 5, 1: 3, even 1: 2.5 achievable are. This means that the practice can now use the laboratory device in accordance with the recipe and in accordance with the calculation to be imitated.

This advantage is achieved in that the laboratory device according to the invention has no pump and only the one present in the actual treatment vessel Fleet is brought into circulation. Apart from the elimination of the pump, there are no additional Equipment needed for dewatering and for oxidizing vat dyeings. The latter will be discussed further below.

For the sake of completeness, it should be mentioned that the laboratory device, in particular also for so-called longer liquor ratios because of the favorable elimination of the pump can be used with advantage.

In the following, some examples will now be used to explain which the device has particular advantages when used as a laboratory device. With the limitation a vat dyeing, the textile material is wound onto the material carrier. The Texi tilgut must im Vessels arranged so high that the dye liquor not reaching the lower edge of the fabric at rest, as in the general practice (jigger dyeing) the textile goods only periodically, e.g. within 45 minutes, seven times briefly the If the fleet happens and rotates constantly during the rest of the time, this must also be the case with the laboratory treatment should be carried out in a similar manner.

This now happens as follows: At the lowest speed of the material carrier the centrifugal force is so low that the liquor does not stick to the inner wall of the mantle rises. Only when the number of tours increases tenfold does that increase in this particular one If the liquor held for a very short time falls high in the glass cylinder, it is then fed in from above the material carrier is transported back and thrown through the textile again. After half a minute to a minute, the high speed is back to about a tenth degraded. During the so-called If the material carrier runs dry, the dye has time to absorb onto the material, the slow speed of the drive is still so high that a steady one The liquor concentration and liquor distribution throughout the textile goods are guaranteed is.

So no so-called fleet sack can form here.

This periodic operation is repeated up to ten times.

Another example relates to indanthrene staining with indigoid dyes. These dyes must be oxidized immediately after completion be done either by using a water jet pump or a especially chemical bath to achieve shock oxidation happens. This process can be dispensed with if the new one is used for indanthrene dyeing Laboratory equipment is used.

It is sufficient to drain the water from the water without switching off the drive and to open the plotter inlet on the lid.

So I.uNt is thrown through the textile material and with it this oxidizes quickly and evenly.

Also fabric padded on a padder, as in practice is finished on the jigger, can be on the inventive laboratory device Treat wet in a practical manner in a plotting ratio of 1: 3.

Further advantages and features of the invention emerge from the following Description in conjunction with the drawing, the examples of the invention contains.

The drawings show: FIG. 1 a section through a first embodiment of a laboratory device according to the invention, FIG. 1a shows a cross section along line 1a 1a of FIG. 1, FIG. 2 shows a section through a second embodiment of the laboratory device, with individual parts being omitted, FIG. 3 shows a section through a third embodiment of the laboratory device, with individual parts being omitted.

Pig. 4 a section through a fourth embodiment of the laboratory device, individual parts are omitted.

The laboratory device shown in Fig. 1 and 1a has a whole with 10 designated vessel, the one siantel 12, a bottom. 14 and a cover 16 which are tightly connected to one another by sealing rings 18. The whole Device is held by a bracket 20 on which the floor 14 rests, and which is attached to a stationary part 22.

A regulating motor is located below the floor 24, which reaches through the bottom 14 with its drive shaft 26 and with its threaded end 28 engages in a retaining sleeve 30, which is at the lower end of a material carrier serving support sleeve 32 is firmly inserted. The perforated carrier sleeve has e.g. on its entire circumference holes 34 and has a central channel 36 and a upper opening 38. In the present embodiment, a Textile 40 wound up. Because of the special nose treatment this good is in this example, this part 42 of the carrier sleeve located below the Gutee 32 not perforated. On the lower end of the material carrier is also located another turbine 44 which has blades.

Below the cover, on the sealing ring 18, there is one as a whole with 46 designated guide device is provided to a on the inner wall of the ì; iantels 12 divert ascending fleet.

The guide device has a deflecting member 48, which with a Outer flange clamped between sealing ring and cover and is attached and which has an annular channel 50 which is curved in cross section and merges into a conical section 52.

Below the deflection member 48 there is a collecting funnel 54, which is held on the deflecting member 48 by iial test rods 56.

On the lid there is also a filler neck 58 on which, if the filling process is finished, a safety valve 60 is attached, which with The help of a pin 62 can be put out of action, if necessary at to supply air from the outside to a negative pressure inside the vessel.

The cover also has a central connection channel 64, to which a pressure gauge 66 is connected.

On the bottom there is also a connection piece 68 to which one Drain line 70 can be connected. It is located in this part of the line another valve to stop the drain.

Opposite the connection piece 68 is another connection piece 72 is provided, on which a temperature sensor 74 is attached. The connection of the the two connection pieces 68 and 72 take place via corresponding channels on an annular channel 76, which is in communication with the interior of the vessel 10.

The parts belonging to the vessel are held together by clamping screws 78, which has a retaining flange 80 of the lid and also the sealing rings 18 penetrate and are screwed into the bottom 14.

In the interior of the vessel there is a liquor 82 which, when at a standstill the carrier sleeve 32 does not extend as far as the textile material 40.

The process for the wet treatment is now like in the present case follows: First, the dye liquor 82 is introduced into the vessel 10.

The control motor 24 is then switched on and thus the carrier sleeve and in particular the textile material 40 rotated. The rotation becomes the liquor moves up the wall of the jacket and then reaches the guide device.

Here the liquor is deflected inward by the deflecting member 48 and collected by the collecting funnel 54. From there the fleet flows back into the interior of the carrier sleeve 32, and is then thrown outwards again, wherein the liquor penetrates the textile material 40.

This upward movement can be further improved by the turbine 44, but the turbine is by no means necessary. In particular, therefore, this is not the case required, because by changing the rotational speed of the regulating motor 24 the ascent and thus the total circulation of the fleet can also be influenced can.

Otherwise, in connection with this embodiment example refer to the jigger color mentioned above, where @m is explained in detail, how the process takes place with such a coloring Particularly it should also be mentioned that according to the invention after completion of a finishing or Wet treatment process or after the last rinse, the liquor now lurches the drain line 70 is drained and the carrier sleeve 32 is brought to a very high speed will. As a result, the textile material is drained after just a few minutes, for example on z, O 6 of the residual moisture. So, as already mentioned above, there is no need the acquisition of a separate laboratory extractor, which reduces acquisition costs and Time expenditure can be saved.

If necessary, the textile material can even be dried completely in the device when hot air is introduced into the interior of the vessel, with then the filler neck 58 and the connecting piece 68 are open. To one of these The duct will then be connected to the nozzle.

In Figure 2, a further embodiment of the invention is shown. If the same parts are used here, they are denoted by the same numbers.

The support sleeve 90 is perforated here over its entire length in contrast to the carrier sleeve according to FIGS. 1 and 1a. On the carrier sleeve is also essentially A textile material 92 is applied over its entire length. The main difference compared to the first exemplary embodiment, that is designated as a whole by 94 Guiding device. In the present example, this has a plate-like, upper deflecting member 96, which tapers conically downwards, and the collecting funnel 98 has a similar one Shape. The two parts 96 and 98 are connected to one another by side or baffle plates 100 tied together.

ijier is the process so that the ascending liquor through the collecting member 96 and in particular by impinging on the guide and baffle plates 100 inwards the collecting funnel 98 is conveyed and from there then into the interior of the carrier sleeve 90 flows.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3, all of them are the same as in FIG Parts are denoted by the same reference numerals as there. The difference over the second embodiment consists here only in the sleeve carrier, the has an inner carrier sleeve 110 and an outer carrier sleeve 112. These two Sleeves are firmly connected to one another by a base 114. From above is that The resulting annular space 116 is open, so that a textile material 118 is filled there can be, which is, for example, a loose textile and / Sdaller for winding on a carrier sleeve is not suitable.

Here, too, the process is such that the inner channel of the inner carrier sleeve 110 located liquor through the holes 120 of this carrier sleeve radially outwards is thrown through the textile material 118 and then through the outer carrier sleeve to the outside, from where it then along the inner surface of the jacket 12 upwards wanders.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4, all of the FIGS. 2 and 3 are the same Parts are denoted by the same reference numerals. In contrast to the The construction described earlier is here designated as a whole by 130 Material carrier of a different design. This has a wire frame with essentially axially parallel wire lengths 132, the upper and lower ends in a cup-like Ring piece 134 and 136 are held. The wire lengths can be joined together to form a be connected to each other in a meandering wire frame. An elastic wire can be used as a wire Wire can be used so that the wire frame tries to bend up and into the ring pieces is held. A textile material 138 is arranged on the wire frame. If this covers only part of the length of the wire frame, it is advantageous to to make the remaining part impervious to the fleet, for example by wrapping with an impermeable tape or sliding on a suitable sleeve. Yet However, it is more beneficial to avoid any dormant fleet when in the concerned a plug of the appropriate length is installed in the lower part of the material carrier, which fills the part not covered by textile goods. These or similar measures can be used in all embodiments of the material carrier.

In summary, the following results: The invention relates to a device, in particular a laboratory device, for the wet treatment of textile goods in a wide variety of ways Make-up, mainly in extremely short liquor ratios.

Depending on which practice process is to be imitated, the fleet thrown through the textile material continuously or for a limited period of time.

Because the refining process is primarily continuous Centrifugal process takes place, which one has so far only used for oxidizing and dewatering of the textile goods, no drainage devices, such as centrifuges or water jet pumps, oxidizing chemical baths are still required.

When it comes to yarns or card slivers, the textile material is spooled onto a permeable material carrier or if it is about felted, Woven or knitted material is wound onto it. With loose material, Tissue parts, stockings etc. take the place of the mainly cylindrical material carrier a double-walled, bottomed, water-permeable material basket Use.

Claims (17)

Claims 1. Lined up, especially laboratory equipment, for wet treatment of textiles with a material carrier which is used to hold the textile goods and which is in a vessel is arranged, the at least partially liquor-permeable jacket, a Has a bottom and a lid and with a circulating agent to an existing in the vessel Liquor across the textile from the interior of the material carrier to the coat and to circulate back to the aforesaid interior characterized in that that the material carrier (32) is rotatable and drivable and in the upper part of the vessel (10) guide surfaces, for example on a guide device (46) for feeding the when rotating the material carrier (32) along the inside of the jacket (12) rising Liquor (82) is provided in the upper end of the central channel (36) of the material carrier (32) is. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide device (46) above the material carrier (32) has a collecting funnel (54) to which the rising The liquor (82) can be fed in via a deflection element (48). 3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the deflecting member (48) has an outer, downwardly open annular channel (50) to which a central conical guide surface (52) connects. 4. Apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the Deflection member (48) is a downwardly directed conical plate (96). 5. Device according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that that the deflecting member (48) is connected to the collecting funnel (54) by means of elements is. 6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the holding means Holding rods (56) are. 7. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the holding means Guide plates (100) are directed from the outside inwards. 8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that on the lower part of the material carrier a turbine (44) with blades is firmly arranged. 9. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the material carrier is sleeve-shaped and, for example, the shape of a perforated, has an open top support sleeve (32). 10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that that the material carrier (32) to form an annular receiving space (116) an inner material carrier (110) open at the top and an outer one held by this Material carrier (112) has. 11. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that that the material carrier has the shape of a wire frame (130), approximately Lengths of wire (132) arranged in the longitudinal direction are held in linear links (134, 136) are. 12, device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that to form an empty space occupied only by the fleet of the material carrier (32) is fleet-impermeable over part of its lower length. 13. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the jacket (12) is at least translucent. 14. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the jacket (12) is cylindrical. 15. Device according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that that the jacket tapers upwards, preferably conically. 16. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the lower part of the 1: terialträ.gers (32) with a stored in the bottom (14) Shaft piece is firmly connected to the drive shaft (26) of a drive device (24) is coupled or forms part of this drive shaft. 17. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that a control motor (24) is provided to drive the material carrier (32), which preferably arranged axially around the material carrier (32) and held on the base (14) is. L e r s e i t e