DE2040281A1 - Process for the manufacture of toothed wheels - Google Patents

Description

47 324

PRECISION G-EAR HiCHIHSS & TOOLS Limited, Bodim Road, Vyken, Coventry CY2 5DZ (England)

Method of manufacturing gears

The invention relates to an improved method for the production of gears in the rolling process.

So far, gears or the like with teeth were placed or Zaoken-provided components are usually produced in such a way that the teeth are first machined Machining roughly pre-cut, whereupon a further machining process as final machining was carried out, the sioh a Sohab- or grinding process as the final Surface treatment followed. This boy- or a bad process could also be the only fine machining of the tooth surfaces. The fine machining or finishing was done either like that or grinding necessary to correct surface defects of the teeth in sons the same, to eliminate · In addition, this type of finishing has proven beneficial, in order to ensure accurate tooth profiles so that the accuracy and quality of work of the soning process are not excessive ho oh had to be

109810/0291

Abbreviation was presupposed, Zahnzädtz odtz gear-like · Divide the component out by rolling, with the tooth either being on a full blank or toothed roller eyes are rolled out, whereby the material of the blanks duroh the pressure exerted by the tool tile is brewed while the blank and the tool "Käanend" be joined together, tm as far as the interlocking produce, or with roughly pre-cut teeth In a similar vie we have old help from toothed ones Rolling tools are finished rolled. You ·· WaIevorgäng · were up to now at least two Vala tools performed on diametrically opposite sides of the gear blanks or roughly Torgeiohnlttenen Gears are arranged, with tint radially naoh inside Realized strength and an enticing feed on the Valefozmen is exercised to achieve the desired valing process with eynohroneo drive the tool and de Verketüok to perform

The rolling processes have hitherto been carried out in such a way that sioh the tools and the workshop come together Rotate around parallel axes, with “an exception to the valz process taking advantage of the radial ir ducts, which is why very large rolling mills were required, which in turn very heavy Valeaaeohinenkonestruktionen necessary.

Also, ea is necessary for these Valsr trips, VaIewerkseuge to use which is at least as wide as the gear to be rolled or otherwise cutted workpiece are, because no axial feed movement dt «Vtrkstngt · * Over the width of the workpiece there is «« n wax. With such Valzr experience is ·· only then »tfglioh, convex Teeth on a) track bike, which is desired in many WUlen are, au generate if nan di · for «dt» Valswerkstugt specially «· modified for the desired curvature.

109810/0201

BAD ORtQJNAL

When using τοη awei or more rolling tools it is necessary to safely distribute a synchronous run of the rolling tools, why difficulties in the drive inevitably arise when there is a radial advance movement of the rolling tools provides.

All of these factors have high capital investments for Rolling machines made necessary to produce the desired Can perform operations. There were also additional bob costs for the rolling tools be made separately for each specific gear shape have to·

This is the task of the invention, a process of rolling To create gears or similar suspected workpieces, since the described HaohtetLe overcomes and avoids

If in the present description of workpieces, Gears and similar toothed workpieces or components is spoken, it should be noted that the invention the heretelling of gears with each well-known Zanprofil ualaflt, however auob on the production other grooved component · like creamed «or ribbed Shafts, splined shafts or the like can be used with appropriately shaped WalBwerkeeugen.

To solve the problem posed, according to the invention a method sub orphans of gears proposed, which is characterized in that the workpiece meshing with a single gear rolling tool is rotated and that the axes of the work piece and tool cross each other, i.e. not lying parallel to each other.

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109610/0291

2Q40281

To roll a profile on one flank of the workpiece teeth, is a force component between the relevant tooth flank and the associated plank of the rolling tool teeth is provided, which is perpendicular to the flank surface. In order to roll a profile on the two flanks of the Werksttiokzähne, a radial force component is required Teeth of the workpiece and the rolling tool provided, the one perpendicular to the Aohse of the Yalz tool and to the Aohse of the Werkstüokes is geriohtet.

In part, the rolling tool is provided with a drive and drives the workpiece, the workpiece preferably being braked. The workshop can be used during of the rolling process in Kiohtung his Aohse compared to the Rolling tool can be moved or diagonally or vertically zur Werkstüokaohse, and the two parts can be radial to each other in a perpendicular to the Aohee of the rolling tool and the Aohse des Werkstüokes lying Klohtung supplied will. Bas the rolling tool can have a concave inclined surface have to encase the gear to be produced.

The gear to be produced can be moved back and forth about an axis that are perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the to be produced Gear and arranged on the opposite side of the gear shaft viewed from the rolling tool is, the reciprocating movement of the Zafanradee to be made depending on the radia ^ and axial Torso stroke of the tool takes place.

For a better understanding of the invention is based on the Drawings an exemplary embodiment of the same described, namely shows

Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of a rolling tool and one old same tooth to be rolled «·

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109810/0291

rades,

Pig »Figure 2 is a top view of the Pig assembly. 1, from which a first form of the lateral Helative movements between workpiece and tool it can be seen

Pig. 3, a plan view of the Pig assembly. 1, from which a second embodiment of the lateral Relative movements between workpiece and tool can be seen.

Pig. 4 another plan view of the arrangement Pig. 1, from which a third embodiment the lateral relative movements between the workpiece and tool can be recognized and

Pig. 5

up to 12 similar views of several "more preferred Relationships between the rotation of the rolling tool and the gear to be produced and the direction of the lateral movements between these two ropes

In Pigo 1 and 2 there is an arrangement for performing the Rolling method according to the invention shown, with a workpiece 1 around its Aohse 3 between not shown Centering devices of a gear rolling machine rotatable is clamped. In addition, a tool 2 for rolling gears is in a tool holding device not shown.

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head of the gear rolling machine in such a way around his praise 4 rotatably mounted that it with the Verkstttok 1, also a cogwheel is to be made, old crossing each other Combs axes, the angle 5 between the Longitudinal axes of the workpiece 1 and the rolling tools * 2 in fig · 2 see below · The Werkseug 2 possesses the front of a precisely grinded gear and is preferably made of hardened high-speed steel. The tool was ground after hardening to have a tooth profile that exactly matches the profile of the finished machined workpiece matches.

The gear rolling machine is with either one) drive for WerkstUok 1 or Werkseug 2 Texseben · The other, non-driven line meshes with the driven hawk and is taken away by the same In addition, a device is provided on the gear rolling machine which swisohen the radial torso stroke Workpiece 1 and the tool 2 in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the workpiece 1 and the axis of the tool ensures · In the illustrated special embodiment If the tool 2 is driven while the workpiece 1 is advanced radially.

The cylindrical outer surface of the workpiece 1 and the cylindrical outer surface of the tool 2 are in contact only at one point 6, which is in a line, both perpendicular to axis 3 and perpendicular to axis 4. The cylindrical outer surfaces are just imaginary cylinders that are coaxial with the gears and their Wrap the circumference when they roll together without slipping. Therefore, there is only complete tooth contact at point 6 when the workpiece 1 and the tool 2 are advanced radially into one another or towards one another

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In addition, I pointed out that when unrolling the comb Clay workpiece 1 and tool 2, next to rolling and sliding along the profile of the respective teeth »sliding across / track width or width of either one Gear forming Yerketttokes 1 as well as the rolling tool 2 between the touching tooth flanks of the same take place *. Ss is assumed to be the combination the force of the radial torso lifting force Flank contact of the teeth of workpiece 1 and the work * tool 2 WLt of the sliding effect over the track width or Width of the workpiece, the rolling effect according to the invention causes

Thus, the whales operation over the entire width of the workpiece 1 occurs gltionaäßig _f, it is necessary to provide a Quervorsohub "vorsusehen wipe workpiece 1 and the tool 2, so that the Xontaktpunkt 6 between the cylindrical outer surfaces of the two feile tiler the entire width of the workpiece travels · Pig x 2 shows an embodiment with which this can be achieved by means of a "wipe two files" movement. the stroke 7, which the point 6 must traverse, if the tool 2 wants to sweep the entire width of the workpiece 1 in its axial direction, approximately corresponds to the width of the workpiece Workpiece is continuously moved under the tool. To ensure rolling over the entire width of the workpiece, the stroke 7 is increased by a small excess 8 at both ends. Such a rolling arrangement can be referred to as an axial cross rolling process

109810/0291

In Pig 3 a modified cross roller arrangement is shown, where dsj Werketüok to be formed into a gear diagonally to the tool 2 at an angle 14 with a lateral relative component axially to the workpiece and one Lateral relative component tangential to the workpiece or eenkreobt is moved to the Aohae of the same. Daduroh can the transverse stroke 10, which in turn durob exceeded 11 is slightly enlarged to ensure a complete rolling process, can be shortened significantly to the Contact point 6 between the workpiece 1 and the tool from its starting position to the end position 6A · Again, the transverse movement is achieved by moves the workpiece under the tool from position 1 to position 11

Fig. 4 shows a third arrangement for the transverse movement, the factory to be continued to a gear tüok 1 below the tool 2 is only moved in one direction which is tangential, the positional stroke 12 in turn has small excesses 13 in order to move the contact point into the end position (A.

In order to achieve a curvature of the teeth of the workpiece 1, the workpiece can be made with the help of a not shown Facility around a perpendicular to the same and on the side facing away from the rolling tool 2 of the Drehaohee of the Werkstüokes arranged Aoheen moved back and forth be, this back and forth movement as a function of transverse movements in the axial direction in the method according to Pig. 2 and 3 or depending on the Tagentialb - movements in the method according to Pig. 4 takes place.

109810/0291

204Q281

If for any reason it is desired to produce slightly tapered teeth on the workpiece 1, the same is rolled in a meshing manner with the tool 2, the axes of rotation of the workpiece and the tool converging at a small angle as shown in FIG Pig · 2, 3 or 4 transverse movement discussed is carried out · . ■ "■

Either of the methods discussed above, the rolling process is carried out with a small radial torso stroke followed by a small transverse pre-stroke, or with a small transverse pre-stroke occurring simultaneously, as in connection with Pig. 2, 3 or 4 described in order to successively roll the entire width of the tooth profiles of the workpiece 1 down to the end profile, with the workpiece 1 and the tool 2 then at a predetermined distance from their center line. are located·

The preceding discussions related to finish rolling of precut gears · However, the invention can also be used for rolling gears from solid or solid Blanks are used, in particular for rolling gears with a relatively small tooth pitch or Tooth depth or tooth height · The process for rolling such gears from solid blanks is finish rolling similar to pre-cut gears »

In comparison to the finish rolling of pre-cut. Gears instead of the load between the workpiece 1 made of steel and the rolling tool 2 to apply radially and evenly or practically evenly on both tooth flanks of the workpiece 1, the Rolling force and rolling load optionally only on one plank

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applied to the teeth of the workpiece 1, in the Dan ait taken part of the two cooperating! file, namely, either the workpiece 1 or the tool 2 brakes in order to prevent the rotary movement of the driven entepreohen to counteract the other part, this braking together with or instead of the radial load he follows.

The crossover angle 5 between the longitudinal axis of the Verkstüokes 1 and the length axis of the tool 2 in the execution example according to Jig. 2,3 and 4 accordingly the pitch angle of the workpiece to be rolled and the Helix angle of tool 2 selected. The rotation of the two parts and the direction are again determined the transverse movement between the workpiece 1 and the Tool 2 according to the pitch direction of the pitch des Werkstüokee, i.e. entwadev / iinks or reohts selected.

The Pig. 5,6,7 and 8 show the combination of these factors for axial rolling as preferred arrangements, the direction of movement of the workpiece 1 by a Arrow 20 is indicated. Mg. 9,10,11 and 12 show the combination of these factors as the preferred arrangement for rollers old diagonal relative movement »where the direction of movement of the workpiece is indicated by a Arrow 21 is indicated. Pure a tangential relative movement When rolling, the combination of these factors is similar to that provided for a relative diagonal movement Combination.

On the other hand, the rolling process can naoh in contrast to the arrangements according to Pig.2,3 u * d 4 without transverse movement be carried out, with only a radial or einetggh

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dtr Yoraohub is intended «Xin this case it must Rolling tool with a specially shaped concave Stelgungsoberfläohe be provided to encase the workpiece and the same across its entire width to ttberdeoken and touch au.

In all of the procedures discussed above, you can Tolerances for certain requirements of the finished tooth profiles of the Werksttiokes, in the form of the tooth profiles of the tool and when setting or setting up the Zahnradwalzverfahrtna.

It thus results that the invention creates a process for the finish-rolling of pre-machined gears or for the rolling of gears from a solid blank using a single rolling mill eye, while the known gear wheel aliiverfataen a fall number of rolling tools is used in the rolling pressure on the Werksttok T-oia «efidiiiigigemäBen procedure no longer completely saAtol ,? mJ» T & Tbtiitet also an axial component, whereby ttt raOlalaii 'Irftte between the ¥ Erkstüok and the Werkeeug T «xrliigtxt were. Beraue follows _t that the Walanasoliint ei e facilitates can include construction, since a! Part of the roll loads is a AXIAL® Dtruok "burden on the Werkstüok. In many cases it is also not necessary to support the work piece in a radial direction against the pressure of the rolling tool, but rather it is more important to hold the work piece by means of the centerings which are rotatably mounted on the same. In addition, the proposed method makes it possible to unify or standardize the rolling tools in order to include a wide range of workpieces, since many of the desired modifications or shapes of the finished teeth of the workpieces can be achieved by using the

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Cross movement between the rolling tool and the workpiece compared to known rolling processes changed in which the changes are possible in the rolling tool itself had to be

Claims

109810/0291

Claims (1)

Patent claims: Method of manufacturing gears by rolling, daduroh characterized, that a WerkstÜok (1) combing with a single one The gear rolling tool (2) is rotated and that the axes (3, 4) of these two ropes are connected to one another cross over, i.e. are not arranged parallel to each other 2 «) method according to claim 1, characterized by for rolling a profile onto a tooth flank of the workpiece (1), there is a force component between this tooth flank and the tooth flank of the rolling tool (2) coming into contact with it that is perpendicular to the tooth flank surface runs. 3.) 7er aren according to claim 1, characterized by that for rolling a profile on two tooth flanks of the workpiece (1) a radial force component between the workpiece and the tool (2) is generated in a direction that is perpendicular to both to the axis (4) of the rolling tools · (2) as well as to the Aohse (3) of the workpiece (1) runs. 4.) Method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the rolling tool (2) is driven and takes the WerkstÜok (1) with it. 5.) Procedure according to claims 1, 2 or 3, because it is identified, that the rolling tool (2) is driven and the workpiece (1) to be walstade is against the 109810/0291 204028T driving drive is broken 6 ·) Method no matter what test 1 to 5, there is no problem gvkennzeiohitot that the WerketUok (1) during the rolling process · eeitlioh opposite the » Rolling tool (2) is moved in a direction » which runs axially to the Werketttok (1). 7 ·) Method naoh one of claims 1 to 5 »daduroh gekennzelohnet that the Werkatüok (1) during de · WalzYorgange · opposite the tool (2) in is moved in one direction, dl · diagonally in one Angle (14) to Xtrehaohee (3) of the W «rketüokee lies 8.) Method naoh one of claims · 1 to 5, daduroh characterized that the work piece (1) during the rolling process opposite the tool (2) In is moved in one direction, 41 · eencreoht to the Drehaoh ·· (3) d ·· Werketttok ·· lies. 9) Procedure na oh JLnepruoh 6,7 or 8, daduroh marked, that Werketüok (1) and Walzwerkaeug (2) vorgeohoben radially to each other in a Kiohtung be, during the · rolling processee> eowoh •• nr «oht zur lohee (4) de · rolling tools · as well eenkreoht zur Aon ·· (3) de · Werkatüoke · lies · 10.) Procedure naoh a · »der Aneprüohe 1 to · 5, daduroh marked that the rolling tool (2) has a The concave outer surface is used to enclose a gear wheel (1) to be rerated, and that there «Werkettiok (1) and aae rolling tool (2) radial to each other In a tlohtung Tosge «obob« n 109810/0291 that both during the rolling process perpendicular to the Drehaohee dee Yalz tool ale auoh perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the workpiece is 11 ·) Terfahren naoh one of claims 6 Ub 1O ₉ daduroh characterized in that the workpiece (1) about an axis which runs perpendicular to its axis of rotation (3) and is on the side of this Brehaohse opposite the Verkeeug (2) ▼ on de «Querrorsohub or the radial Toraοhub is moved back and forth · 12 ·) Yerfahren according to one of claims 1 to 11, thereby Gekenmseiohnet that the workpiece (1) is not part of the gate Has teeth, and its final shape with a finished total size and finished tooth profile determined will· 109810/0291 Blank page