DE1936012A1 - Device for forging crankshafts and the like. - Google Patents

Description

CQMPAGNIE DES ATELIERS ET FORGES DE LA LOIRE (St. CHAMOND - FIRMINY - ST. ETIENNE - JACOB-HOLTZER) Paris, France

Device for forging crankshafts and the like

The invention relates to devices for forging workpieces with significant changes in cross section as 233 in French Patent 994026 of 7 December 1944 and its additives 56 on 5 July 1946 and 61 415 _from: described February 19, 1951.

These devices can be used with normal forging presses and mainly enable direct forging and without drop forging the crankshaft. The blanks forged in this way achieve a continuous fiber texture because the Sehneid- or shear process, which in the well-known "flat forging" is indispensable, is omitted and the metal fibers are oriented parallel to the outer surface of the workpiece. The perimeter zone, where the metal has the best properties, what remains near the surface what the surface flaws considerably reduced, while the axial zone of the Starting blank near the neutral axis of the finished one

0.9 885/0281

BATH ORIGINAL

• 19 36Q12

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Offset - ■ "remains - and does not align itself towards the connections with the crank pins or shaft journals with the flanges, ie in" the zones where the offset offers the lowest resistance "Due to this special structure, forces always act in the longitudinal direction of the metal fibers and the resistance pee-en Evmü dunffserscheinune-en the "yerkstüeke" produced in this way is increased in a considerable amount.

In order to achieve this result, devices such as " shown schematically in Fig. 1 of the drawings, constructed and essentially consist of: '

- A lower support 1 resting on the crosshead 2 of a normal forging press;

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- Two slide carriages 3 and 3 '»rest ^{on the slide rails 4 and 4 1 provided on the support 1;}

- An upper firmly connected to the traverse 6 of the press Traverse 5.

In order to forge a crankshaft, one starts with a blank with thickenings separated by constrictions. Are thickenings The encryption ;, generally intended to form the parts to be removed of the workpiece, that is, the parts that change their shape, while the throttling points _the: form optionally eccentric constrictions of the workpiece. -.- ". '

When the upper cross member 5 moves under the action of the press is guided at the bottom,. * - it takes care of the sloping grooves 7 and 7 'for the sliding carriages 3 and 3' to come closer; this movement causes the upsetting of the metal of the blank 8, which is held in the two cradles by dies that are under the Effect of cylinder assemblies 9 and 9 'are kept closed, which are built into the upper crossbeam.

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BADORlGifiÄL

Simultaneously with the approach runs: the sled 3 and 3 'are supported. the upper traverse 5 extends vertically over the male part TO the central Gesenfcstenipel 11, called anvil., from which on the cylinder assembly 12 rests, thereby transversely from top to bottom the compressed metal is displaced *. ? -.

These devices, which are used to guide the fibers, shape the vertical translational movement of the movable traverse of the Press, in two orthogonal movements that are combined to forge a crank on the Bohl ing * In Kg. T one has dash-dotted lines between the carriages 3 and 3 '' the anvil 11 and the male part 10: a crank shown / the one at the end of the paser formation process. .

It-. Is also possible., Crankshafts starting from rods to forge, which have no thickening, namely due to the in the first Ensat? No. 56.233 described arrangement, In this case, the traverse 5 initially travels in font - * ■ with the carriage 3 ur-ü 3 'micfcer interposition of the Raiipen 7 and 7 ', which leads to a first upsetting process; this traverse is then based: on the patrix and the one described above The forging process starts all over again at this moment. The previous upsetting now makes it possible, starting from einar smooth rod to provide a sufficient amount of metal to to give each crank web the volume it must have; this arrangement is particularly advantageous when the crank- Cheeks large volume compared to the diameter of the bearing pin exhibit. ... ■ '■ ί; '. ._ .. "." ■ "" - ■ -. "...

The addition Wr. _: , 61 415 describes the allocation of auxiliary cylinder arrangements that act on the 'slide slides 3 and 3' in order to increase the available upsetting force | - this arrangement is very advantageous: if you want to work with a press whose stroke is considerable However, performance is insufficient.

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BATH ORIGINAL

Two peculiarities common to all of these arrangements should be pointed out: - Since first the male part 10 with .the traverse 5 is firmly connected, is the plunge and displacement stroke ended at the same time, so it is impossible '

- to stop with one before the other; subsequently deformed the metal forming the crank webs freely without being trapped in a die at any stage of forging.

The advantages of these auxiliary forging devices are known and the crankshafts forged in this way are of superior quality, since the metal fibers are correctly oriented, and at a low price, since the discharge and processing time is reduced are. However, this forging process gives the im Raw state coming from forging splashing or crank webs the torrn of a disc, the section of which through a plane perpendicular to the starting axis of the rod is an oval, which is essentially an ellipse, with very little eccentricity. Man must dam on the compression length and the starting diameter of the Stane-e act so that the flange to be machined or The crank web can be inscribed in this "ellipsoid", which leads to irregular and often considerable excess thicknesses, consequently, the processing time is increased. "-

In order to reduce the overall price of the crankshafts and to increase the interest in such forging devices, is it is necessary that the blanks obtained have reduced and regular excess thicknesses. The removal of the metal must therefore be limited by making sure that the punch, anvil and cradles are at the end of the forging stroke limit a closed volume analogous to that of a lowering die, which the metal must fill. This improvement enables the known devices to

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BATH ORIGINAL

to use sinks by _: more carefully using the power of the drive press. It is actually a matter of making the best use of this power, which usually creates the greatest difficulty, since theory and experience show that the forces that are relevant for correct drop forging are very high and the greater the greater the consideration removed from the shape that would be obtained if the metal were allowed to expand freely. Figures 2 and 3 explain this phenomenon.

In the case of Figure 2, where the metal can expand freely, the upsetting effect is proportional to the area of the center plane of the flange or "pliers" and also to the plasticity threshold of the Metals * This increases as the ratio e / D decreases. So there are two reasons that come into play at the same time, to increase the upsetting effect at the end of the stroke.

In the case of FIG. 3, the expandability of the metal is limited by the shape given to the male part 10 and the anvil 11. Let it be assumed that the size D is the same as in the example shown in Fig. 2 case. If, on the other hand, the metal is partially in contact with the patrix and anvil, there is no longer any need to influence the ratio e / D in order. To determine the plasticity threshold, the sum of the two ratios e ^ / D + e2 / D now comes into play, since the metal is no longer deformed in the zone that is already in contact with the side walls: the plasticity threshold is much higher and increases to a very considerable extent when e .. and βρ move towards zero.

The one used in die forging the metal Upsetting effect is in the order of six times that what is necessary when the metal expands freely and

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increases very quickly at the end of the work movement.

A very similar result or a very similar assessment explains the increase in the eccentricity effect at the end of the stroke. In fact, the plasticity threshold against shear in planes remote from the geometric bases is less than in their vicinity: if the bases approach, the plasticity threshold increases and thus the eccentricity effect.

If the metal is drop forged, however, av / ei accumulate Pastors their effects:

On the one hand, the plasticity threshold is increased, since everything proceeds as if the bases were separated by e ... + e ^ and not by e; on the other hand, instead of acting on a metal layer of thickness ₌ _e, the shear stress acts only on metal strips of thickness e., + ep '. If the metal die is forged, the eccentricity stress increases: thus in a considerable way and increases very quickly when e .. + ε ,, approaches zero. .- ■ .- ■■ _. ".. -

Finally, a third one is superimposed on these stresses Effect: If the metal is forged in the die, it is essential to take precautions against material loss or burrs, thereby making it possible to control the shapes and effects employed. The metal lump formed in this way has compared with its volume has a large surface, cools quickly from and its forgeability or malleability is much lower. In order to shear off this bead, one must at the end of the stroke Use considerable forces.

All of these reasons explain why the known devices unable to die forge the metal: the Upsetting and eccentricity processes are carried out simultaneously.

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men, so the maximum stresses accumulate. At Befdnii of labor exceeds what is available to us Force by far the resistance force, at the end of the Forging process, the opposing forces become too large and can cannot be overcome.

In accordance with the invention, the main aim is now to use the available power · '.- ■■ the press can be better utilized by modifying the control system for the male mold.

This goal is achieved, i-nd'em the existing one rigid connection between movable crossbeam and patrix In the case of port, the synchronization between the displacement and compression movements ceases as soon as the displacement process is ended, while a small compression path still remains. · -. "■■■ '■ - * J'.:

The invention is characterized in that the male and upper crossbeams are made independent of one another in that they are mounted on a piston movable opposite the crossbeam, this piston ^{being actuatable by a 7-} cylinder arrangement, wäfea ? ea d'ereri cylinder is provided in this traverse and that the pressure in the cylinder is regulated by a checkered outlet valve according to the dimensions of the separating organ, this valve or this slide enables the fiber forging process to be carried out in two phases: Upsetting of the metal with simultaneous eccentricity of the crank pin, then drop forging of the crank shafts or flanges by a final upsetting process.

According to a variant, the pressure in "the cylinder arrangement with help e: regulated by two outlet valves, one after the other a pre-upsetting process, the continuation of the upsetting process at the same time with eccentricity picture of the crank pin and *

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. “AD ORIGINAL

and finally, drop forging the flanges or cheeks allows a final upsetting process.

According to another feature of the invention, the action of the clamping cylinders of the side dies is replaced by the vertical component of the force transmitted by inclined ramps of the upper _: traverse of the device to ramps that are firmly connected to the upper die beams »- /

Another object of the invention is to combine the fiber-forming process, which gives the crank cheeks of the crankshafts a free elliptical shape, with a final drop forging process, which is intended to give them their final shape. This double gear is referred to below under the term! 'Fiber drop forging ^{".. 5} ■: - ..'.."

This goal is achieved by using dies that are arranged:;

- either on the side and upper punches or dies; . -. ■ ".." "■ -. .-- ■;,." ..- / ■ "Λ: - ,; ■■ ■ -." - ■■ -_ - ·.

- or on the patrix and anvil; -, * "■: .- ■ -...

- or on ^ patrix and the lower side stamps or Dies; . '- ",,: -" -:

- or on the anvil and the upper stamps on the side or Dies.

.Example embodiments of the invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which. ■ - ".." _ ■ ". : [\ -: -; / ■ ^: -.; --- '■ -'- ;. ": . ■" -, ■: ·. ■ '■■ - .. _;

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through the forging device one containing the axis of the forged blank

90988 5/02 81.

Shows plane of symmetry, the device of according to French patent specification 994 02.6 and. corresponds to its addition 61 415, moreover, however has the following two features according to the invention ϊ

The patrix of the upper traverse is fixed with a. piston connected against this traverse, ' which is actuated by a cylinder arrangement, whose The cylinder is arranged in this traverse in such a way that that the dislocation movement is terminated while still a slight compression stroke remains; training on the patrix and on the anvil are also planned, those with the forging surfaces of the side dies or dies form the dies for the cheeks or flanges. This figure are the same parts with the the same reference numbers have been assigned as in Figure 1 *}

Figure 5 is a detail section through a die assembly;

Fig. 6 is a view of a crankshaft obtainable with the dies shown in Fig. 5;

Figures 7 and 8 are details of two other arrangements for the dies;

Fig. 9 is a diagram and gives the effect of a slope ramp the upper traverse on an inclined ramp of the corresponding slide on; and

Figures 10 and 11

are longitudinal sections through the forging device with the properties indicated in Fig. 4 as well as with further features described below.

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: Like Pig. 4 shows that the carriages 3 and 3 'each carry the punches or dies 14, 15, 16 and 17 which fix the blank during the forging process. The upper side of these dies opposite the zone to be forged is flat, while the male part 10 and the punch 11 have cavities or formations 20 and 22, 19 and 21. At the end of the deformation process, the punches or dies come into abutment against the flat surfaces of the patrix and the cast; so are the right and left ¹ formed by these two organs two closed dies, which give the metal, the e-ewünsehte shape. , -. ■.

According to an embodiment shown in FIG Invention can the dies with the side punches or dies connected. So are, this figure draws it, the dies 31-33 in the side dies or dies 15 and 17, as far as the two upper configurations are concerned, arranged and the dies 30 and 32 are in lateral punches or dies 14, 16 as far as the two lower configurations are concerned.

This arrangement is advantageous for the very common case, where the crank webs 34 of the crankshafts 35 have a chamfer 36, as shown in FIG. 6.

Other arrangements can be made from a combination of the first two to be created:

Fig. 7 shows formations 20 and 22 in the male mold 10 and Formations 30 and 32 in the lower stamps laterally or dies: 14 and 16;

Pig. 8 shows the formations 19 and 21 in the anvil 11 and the Formations 31 and 33 in the lateral upper dies or Stamp 15 and 17.

909885/0281

According to the geometry of the flanges or crank webs, the length and the diameter of the crank pins and bearings to one or the other solution; To fall back on.

Instead of the male mold 10, as known per se, is fixedly connected to the cross member 5, it is 13agetragen by a piston which moves in a cylinder assembly _s. 13 The latter can be fed when the traverse is in the upper position and, when it is moved down, it is connected to the housing via a valve tared at a fixed pressure, which can, however, be adapted to the dimensions of the su forging crankshaft. Also -the anvil 11 is carried by a piston 12a, which moves in the cylinder assembly 12, which is fed when the movable crossbeam is in the upper position krs before the start of the forging process, which .jedoch with the housing via a tared valve connected when the traverse goes down.

A description of the puncture method of this device leaves their advantages emerge well.

The blank whose element capable of an offset is currently on Forging temperature is brought, with good orientation on with cradles 3 and 3 * fixed punches or dies 14 and 16 put on. The lower arrangement of the device is preferably loosened laterally so that it does not become detached during handling located under the press. This is done in two stages: The blank is moved into the Stamping or stamping is filed, then this entire lower Arrangement under the press in a translational movement parallel to the axis of the blank and broken by the pulling device, with which the forging press is equipped, controlled.

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& AD Öfcl & IHÄL

By operating the press, the upper cross member 5 is after led down and the inclined ramps or; Inclined ramps 7 and 7 'support you opposite the sliding carriage. At the same time, the upper tools come into contact with the lower ones Tools, making each of the two ropes of the blank that is detected in the molds 14 and 15 or 16 and 17, firmly with is connected to the slide 3 or 3% in which it is located » The traverse goes further down, the forging process begins.

The inclined ramps and the auxiliary cylinders 18 and 18 * approach si6h the sliding steps of the male mold 10, whereby an upsetting of the Metal is caused. At the same time, the transfer begins

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of the part that forms the crank pin of the crank ⁷ , in fact, due to the outlet valves of the cylinder assemblies 12 and 13, the anvil exerts an upward force EV and the male mold exerts a force F ₂ downward. The ■ valves are controlled in such a way that the force P. corresponds to the clamping stress that is to be exerted on the crank pin, the force Fg is slightly greater than the sum of the force P ^, the effect of the displacement and the effect at the opening of the central dies due to the thrust of the metal on the side walls of the formations 20 and 22. '..;/; - '■. / ^; ■■ '■ ■ "."..-' ■ "- ■ '"/'".'_■ ■ .... ■' ■■ ': V

If the traverse 5 now goes down, the piston 12a carrying the anvil 11 penetrates the cylinder arrangement 12, while the piston 1Ja carrying the male mold 10 is immovable with respect to the traverse 5. The pin is displaced downwards. During the compression movement is then continued, the anvil 1 proposes t _t after it has been lowered by an amount equal to the radius of the crank to be manufactured, not shown, against wedges, causing the movement of the male die is prevented. The transfer is then over and about three-quarters

909885/0281

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of the compression path are implemented. "The press has the accumulation which supplies the forces necessary at the beginning of the upsetting process and for the entire displacement. Since this is done without the » Metal is clamped by the dies, the eccentric force decreases with the shift to ,, however, remains relatively small. '-,.

From this moment on, the anvil reads 1T in the stop, the pressure in the support cylinder arrangement 13 of the male part 10 rises until the moment when the outlet valve for the drainage. draws the liquid. During the entire remaining part of the press stroke, this delivers a thrust pale than the nominal thrust, reduced by the force F ₂ . This force, increased by the force of the cylinder arrangements 18 and 18 ^s , is now available to end the upsetting process and to press the metal into the formations or cavities. During this second phase the only movement that arises is that of upsetting, which ends when the punches or dies 14, 15, 16 and 17 come into abutment against the male part 10 and the anvil 11 ".

At this moment the forging of the crank is finished. The press is raised again and, as it moves, takes the crossbeam and the upper tools with it and, when they have reached their upper point, the lower arrangement of the device can be pulled out of the press. the cradles sliding in their initial position are then replaced and the cylinder assemblies 12 and 13 are fed to return the male and female anvil to their position. You can then start again with a new work cycle, in-clim you put down a new blank by means of a vertical movement, in certain cases this In di © device can be inserted without the lower part having to be pulled out under the press; mail must then after-

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908885/0281

vertical translational movement perpendicular to each other Axis of the blank and a horizontal translational movement combine parallel to this axis. Sine can save time so when forging the crooks at the ends of the bars be brought in,

Description and puncture details indicate that the. Arrangement according to the invention, the drop forging of splashes or crank cheeks through better use of pressure or Thrust of the press becomes possible. :

A variant can be seen in that the cylinder arrangement 13 is placed in connection with the housing via two exhaust valves . makes it possible to exert a downward vertical force on the patrix, which is slightly smaller than F., the closing force on the crank pin ». This valve is closed by the lowering of the upper cross member and the cylinder arrangement 13 can then be emptied via the second valve, whereby a pressure corresponding to the force Pg is defined. The fiber swaging of a crank takes place in three phases; During the first phase the male mold cannot overcome the force of the anvil and the metal is simply upset until the first outlet valve is closed, followed by the second and third phases as previously described. "■""-_

This sequence of processes ϊ pre-upsetting, filler forging / die-cutting reduces the production price of the crankshafts, which can then be made from smooth loops, which do not need to be thickened forge and machine.

Making better use of another arrangement of the invention that allows ^^ the power of the press, be it alone

■■ -, '. .- ■■, '■ "■■■ .;; ^: ■; ■.,:.' :,. -: /. "■■ ■■ './'. ■■ - 15-

90988-5 / O281

Or used in combination with the preceding, this consists of the closing cylinder of the side dies or dies 14 and 15> as well as the closing cylinder of the side dies or dies 16 and 17? As shown in Fig. ₀ 4, in order to get rid of it. Wach dgr arrangement known from patent specification 994 026-the inclined ramps 7 and 7 * of the upper crossbeam grip on their downward movement against the inclined ramps of the sliding carriage and call for a horizontal movement of the latter and the like .that the upsetting of the flanges or cheeks out «. '

As can be seen in Fig. 9, the lirkunf - ^ iner inclined ramp 7 of the upper traverse to the SGhrägrampe ües opposite Slide carriage has an inclined force $ ', the horizontal

component H ensures the horizontal movement of the slide »

- ■ *. . On the other hand, its vertical component V (see FIG. 4) is transferred to the lower crosshead 2 of the press with the interposition of the slide 3 and the tantern frame 1 of the device. This vertical component _s, whose value is in the same order of magnitude as that of the horizontal component, has no useful function The latter is supported under the traverse 5 of the device, which transmits the reaction of the thrust directly to the movable traverse β of the press and thus tries to oppose the downward movement. The same applies to the slide 3 'and the cylinder arrangement 9' .

Are the effects of the cylinder assemblies 9 and 9 'in the case that described in French patent specification 994 026 Open fiber forging is not predominant, but they are very important in fiber drop forging because their sum in the The order of magnitude of the maximum thrust necessary for upsetting.

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909885/0281

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According to the invention, the lock cylinders come from the side JStejipel or Gesenke inT ^ tf ^ L ^ -ihz-e effect is through the vertical component of the

Traverse on her vis-a-vis · replaced force, whereby this is not firmly connected to the slide, but rather to the upper die carriers

This device is in Pig. 10, where the device is in the open position (before the paser formation process) and in Pig. 11, where it is shown in the closed position (end of the paspering process), it comprises a lower frame 41 resting on the counter pressure plate 42 of an ordinary forging press; two sliding carriages 43 and 43% which seemed to slide en 44 and 44 ^f rest on the support 41; an upper traverse 45 fixedly connected to the movable traverse 46 of the press, two upper die or punch supports 63 and 63 * suspended under the traverse 45 via two cylinder assemblies 64 and two cylinder assemblies 64 'which are caused to face the traverse 45 parallel to the inclined ramps 47 and 47 * with the help of two slide rails 65 and two slide rails 65 ¹ . This suspension system is only explained as an example, since variants can be used that allow the same results. -

In the following it is denoted by j

a) "upper * part of the device", the arrangement A from the Elements of the Paser drop forging device that are attached to the upper traverse 45 are attached;

b) "lower part of the device", the arrangement B of the elements the paser die forging device that passes through the lower Frame 41 are carried}

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c) "closed position" of the device, that is its position as well, the s'äm-tll ^ i & ^^ i ^ m ^ rrte ^ hui termination of the

d) "open position" of the device, the position and all this Elements prior to the fiber formation process in FIG the "movable traverse 46 of the press is raised to the maximum

The "open" and "closed" positions of the device are shown in Figures 10 and 11, respectively. .

. The device is in the open position prior to the forging process "The lateral upper die forging adet die carrier 63 and 63 ^r are each removed from its closing position by a length equal to the upsetting of a flange or of a crank web.:

This die supports are caused to move relative to the upper cross member 45 parallel to the inclined ramps 47 and 47 ', wherein x is this symmetrical deflection movement towards AEET Traverse leads in the two Gesenkträgern to eirsr ¹ downward movement ⁷ 45th This relative downward movement of the lateral upper dies or punches with respect to the upper traverse takes place at the moment when the relative movement when lowering the upper traverse relative to the lateral upper dies becomes possible during fiber die forging, whereby the symmetrical approach of these dies and thus a compression of the Flanges becomes possible «. In the figures, travel limiter stops, not shown, define the lower position of each lateral upper die carrier and thus its initial deflection with respect to the upper cross member. -The cylinder arrangements 64 and 6.4. * Hold these lateral die carriers 63 and 63 »■ at the beginning of the Sehmtedev process, pressed against the stops * \ /:,

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The carriages 43 and 43 ^f are also displaced from their closed position by the same amount as the lateral upper die carriers by being reset to their Wegbegrenseransehläge, which are arranged on the lower frame 41 and are not shown in the figures.

During this closing process of the device, during which the blank 48 lies on the lower dies, the movable crossbeam 46 of the press is lowered and takes the upper part A of the device with it until the upper dies 55 and 57 come into contact with the bottom dies or punches 54 and 56 come and close in terms of force to the blank. the upper lateral Geseiifcträger 63 and 63 * to come simultaneously in contact with denGleitsehlitten 43 and 43 ', the male part 50 itself comes ± n Eontakt with the Aboß 51 "Sine in the Figures not shown wedging prevents any horizontal relative movement between the carriages 43 and 43 * and the vertical supports 63 and 63 * «In this arrangement at the beginning of the forging process, the pressure of the cylinder /; arrangements 64 and 64 * is on you - Seseölrferäger 63 and 63 * by far, in order to prevent the lateral upper sinks 55 and 57 from being raised against the lateral lower dies 54 and 56, respectively. Since the upper traverse of the press continues its downward movement as soon as the plunge movement is initiated, the effect of the cylinder arrangements 64 and 64 'ceases and only the finished thrust of the press on the inclined ramps ensures the contact of the upper side dies with the lower side dies providing at each moment by the ien SGhmb of geschmie-, Deten metal developed opening forces to resist sufficient pressure is. The wedging between the upper die carriers 63 and 63 * and the carriages 43 and 43 * ensures that the latter is taken during the standing movement: * During the rest of the movements: displacement of the joint and termination of the pas

909885/0281

Schmiedevoi ^ gangs takes place as ob & n "described and: as in the" known orrielitiaBgen according to the French patent specification 994 026 land'ihren-both - additions. When the die, forging process is finished, the "device" is closed! '; the lateral upper ones. Dies. Or Punches 55 and 57 are in contact with the male part 50 and the lateral lower dies or punches 54 and 56 are in contact with the anvil 5.1. One then acts on the cylinder assemblies 64 and 64 "by pulling" in such a way that they reset the upper die carriers 63 and 63 * upwards. This leads to the fact that the latter are blocked in the stop position against the patrix. The movable crossbeam 46 of the press is then lifted, which takes the upper part of the device with it in its upward reinforcement. The upper die supports 63 and 63 are released the "Yiegen 43 and 43% vxii" the upper dies 55 and 57 as well as the patrix 50 release the hollowing 48. Afterwards only the billet needs to be pulled out of the device, which is ready after moving the dies from one another to start a new forging process, "

The necessary lifting height to perform the lower part of the performance from a position below the press by means of the pulling device pulling out for the case of this structural arrangement is clearly smaller than the one that is necessary xun the same process in the case of the known devices to be carried out according to French patent specification 994 026. As a result, a device can be formed under this same press which makes it possible to forge the crank webs or flanges of larger dimensions than those with known devices could be forged so far.

The fiber drop forging ensures greater upsetting forces than those that are necessary in free fiber forging. Thus, the use of auxiliaries is 58 strong shocks, thus

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large space requirement, always necessary ^{in this J 1 ElI.} A more compact arrangement than that shown in FIG. 4 consists, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, in that the cylinder arrangements 58 are built into the slide slide 43 (or 43 ') *:

According to the invention you can by element as a drive Schmied epr es s s of a known type used, with the advantages set out above blanks for crankshafts and analog organs are obtained which have considerably reduced machining excess thicknesses and which are continuous Have a fiber structure that clearly defines the (permanent) strength of the workpieces forged in this way.

Claims;

909885/0281

Claims (6)

P a te η t a η s ρ r ü c * h e: 1.Jforging device for crankshafts and the like, with two horizontal sliding carriages, each with a ramp in contact with a ramp: which are arranged on the upper crossbeam of the device and is operated by a press, and each one side die or a side punch, which fixes the blank during the forging process and for upsetting the metal of the blank during their ' Worrying about rapprochement; and with one with, one central die or anvil cooperating male part holding the blank during of the Sehmiedevorgänges enclose force-wise and across from top to bottom. move the compressed metal, thereby g e k e η η ζ e i c h η e t that the patrix (10, 50) on one opposite the upper cross member (5; 45) movable piston is mounted, this piston is actuated by a cylinder arrangement (9), the cylinder of which is provided on this traverse, and that the bridge in Cylinder through a tared exhaust valve accordingly the dimensions of the element to be forged adjustable is, this valve or this slide the fiber formation process carries out in two stages, namely upsetting the metal at the same time with eccentricity picture for the Crank pin and subsequent drop forging of this Flanges as a result of the termination of the upsetting process. 2. Forging device according to Mspruch ί, characterized by g e fc e η η, that the pressure in the cylinder arrangement can be regulated by means of two outlet slides> which one after the other dip a vor, then the continuation of the upsetting process simultaneously with the eccentricity formation for the Crank pin; and finally enable the drop forging of the flanges or crankshafts during the last jam period, . '. - _ '- - -; ~ _ "' - 22 8Q9885 / ÜM1 ; - -Λ -: ;; - ■ · - .-. : ■ ... ■ -; ; 1936012 ■ '■ - ■■ - ■■ ■ "' ■ ':.': ■■ -.. ". - ^: ■■■■ '■' ■ '■ - ²² - -. ■ -: --.-' ■ - ■ '■■■ ■ "■.' 3. Forging device nacfeAnsprucii 1, thereby characterize ge t that inclined ramps of the upper traverse of the device are provided for the closing process the side dies are also firmly attached to the upper die carriers trained ramps the vertical component of the Transmit power. 4. Forging device according to claim 3 »g e k e η η - ζ e i c h.n e t, by inclined ramps of the upper cross member, which transmit their effect to inclined ramps, which are arranged opposite the upper inclined ramps, which are located on sliding carriages rest and take them with you in such a way that the upsetting process is ensured due to wedging, whereby the vertical components of the forces or effects the inclined ramps of the upper traverse on the upper die beam the significant contact of the lateral upper dies ensure on the lower side dies in such a way that that any opening of these dies is prevented during the forging process. '".- ■.' 5. Forging device ßach. Inspruicii 4 _f gek en η ζ ei c hn et by cylinder arrangements that hold the upper side die carriers pressed against the stops at the beginning of the forging process, and whose effect is canceled as soon as this is finished and which are drawn in such a way that they are against the patrix at side of the forging process to make an opening; to allow the device to be blocked. 6. Forging device after. Claim 4, characterized in that g e k e η η ζ eic h. η e t that there are a number of cylinder arrangements are built into the slide. 909885/0281 - 23 - ■■■ "■■ '■ - 7 "Schmieävorrieiitung near claim 1 _? in that the sinks or dies are either on the lateral upper and lower punches or dies - or on the patrix and the anvil, or also on the patrix and the lateral lower dies or on the anvil and the lateral upper dies or punches are arranged. ~. '. - 909885/0281