DE1912800A1 - Textile adhesive - Google Patents

Description

H. 2580

Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company, Saint Paul,

, Minnesota 55101, V.St * A.

Textile adhesive

The invention relates to the joining of textile fabrics, in particular a method for joining textile fabrics with the aid of adhesives, preferably in the form of a Films are available.

Sewing, which is the conventional technique for joining textile fabrics, is well recognized Disadvantage. The equipment required for this is expensive and must be operated by highly trained specialists. the Sewing requirements are such that, generally speaking, a person will judge one thing in making an item Operation. For example, it has been proven that it takes a person 12 to 20 weeks to sew shirt pockets to learn. Given the decreasing number of skilled workers and rising labor costs became buoyant in the apparel industry, after substitute ways of working wanted for sewing. This interest is increased by unsuitable textile threads as a connecting means. One of the shortcomings is the tendency of sewn items to fold along the threadline

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pull unless special precautions are taken “Furthermore, threads can tear and looseness can become deserted can be pulled out easily, which destroys the cohesion «

To a limited extent, the use of sewing thread by adhesive for joining textile fabrics is already present been replaced. In British Patent 1,002,931 discloses a method of joining the edges of nylon fabrics described using chloral hydrate as a chemical binder. Adhesives are also already has been used to put signs or numbers * in To attach clothing items.

! Despite the disadvantages associated with threads as a lanyard and sewing as a method of their use, There are a number of requirements relating to the joining of textiles which lead up to the present invention the replacement of sewing with adhesive only allowed to a very small extent.

The first and perhaps most important requirement is that the adhesive must be capable of adhesion w to a variety of textile fibers, and to show Although synthetic fibers, synthetic fibers or combinations thereof. Adhesion problems are particularly difficult in the case of textile fibers that have been treated with stain-resistant agents such as fluorocarbons or with increasingly popular permanent wrinkle-producing resins. Another problem is with resins that impart permanent wrinkles. Such resins are generally applied prior to completion in precured state to then be cured at elevated temperatures (for example, 177 ⁰ C), when the production is finished. Hardening achieves the desired permanent wrinkling. To avoid premature hardening at a time when the

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: The object has not yet been brought into its desired, final shape j, the bonding temperature of the adhesive ^{: must} be considerably below the hardening temperature of the resins that provide the permanent folds. On the other hand, the adhesive must be capable of sufficient binding \ resistance and sufficient physical integrity; at the elevated temperatures to which the (rain stand is then subjected to harden the permanent wrinkle-producing resins. The bonding adhesive must not be adversely affected by repeated treatment with dry cleaning solvents or aqueous washing solutions. Due to the organic-chemical nature of the adhesive, the former a particularly serious requirement.

The method according to the invention replaces sewing as a means of joining textile fabrics, at least in certain cases -Ranges of the product, according to such a method a film made of a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl alcohol is placed between the textile fiber material to be joined, the film is heated to such a temperature is that it comes into intimate contact with the materials to be joined by flowing, and the heat source is removed is used to create a permanent bond between such fibrous materials.

The copolymer of ethylene and vinyl alcohol, from which the connecting film is produced, can be mixed by copolymerization of ethylene and vinyl acetate using a common catalyst for ethylene polymerization, e.g., an organic peroxide, suitably benzoyl peroxide. Solution or bulk polymerization operations can be used be applied. Ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymers are commercially available in pellet form; an example of this are the "Elvax" polymers by E.I. duPont Co., e.g., "Elvax" 360, and the "Comer" copolymers from Union Carbide Co. such as Comer EVA

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507 and Comer EVA 508. Ethylene / vinyl acetate mixed polymers ι can by acid or alkali hydrolysis in ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymers being transformed. Copolymers which are essentially free of acetate groups are preferred. A particularly preferred ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymer is from E.I. duPont Co. under the trade ! called "PB 7801" available in pellet form. Films made from ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymers can be obtained by means of the customary compression methods can be obtained.

~ Polymers with a melt index of less than about 250, preferably less than 100 and even 50 are preferred. The melt index as used herein is determined on an extrusion plastometer in accordance with the test method ASTM D 1238-65 T under condition E (19O ⁰ C, 2160 g load). In addition, the ethylene / vinyl alcohol mixed polymer should preferably have a hydroxyl number of more than 180, especially more than 200. The particularly preferred, commercially available ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymer, "PB 7801", has a melt index of 25-35, is essentially free of acetate groups and has a hydroxyl number of about 291. The ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymers suitable for the invention should have sufficient bond strength at the temperatures at which permanent fold resins are cured (- ^ 177 ⁰ C) to maintain the bond state of the fibrous objects to be have sufficient physical integrity to prevent drainage from the bond areas.

The joining of the fibrous materials is achieved by subjecting the film to temperatures at which the film melts and comes into intimate contact with the fibers to be joined through feet. Temperatures in the order of 143-154 ⁰ C have been found suitable. The heating can be done by means of a hot iron, which only a little pressure on the

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connecting materials. The materials only need to be subjected to the temperatures for short periods of time, suitable bonds are formed in a tenth of a second. Other working methods besides connecting using of a hot iron are ultrasonic bonding and dielectric heating. While movies, the most preferable from the standpoint of convenience and ease of use Represent the form in which the ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymers are to be used, it should be pointed out that other, perhaps less convenient forms of application, such as powder, threads, or solutions "of the copolymer can be used if desired.

To further explain the invention, drawings are attached:

Pig. 1 is a section of the two used to make a Belt sling used parts,

Pig. 2 is a cross section through a typical belt loop »

Pig. 3 is a perspective view of a structure of a Side seam,

Pig. Figure 4 is a top plan view of a bag assembly made according to of the present invention, and

Pig. Figure 5 is a section taken along line 5-5 in Pig. 4th

In Pig. 1 is a piece of tissue 1 over a PiIm 2. from a Ethylene / vinyl alcohol mixed polymer arranged, then the side edges of the fabric 1 are folded over the PiIm, around one in Pig. 2 belt loop 3 shown form. The upper surface of the fabric 2 of the belt loop 3 is then brought into contact with a hot iron at such a temperature that the PiIm 2 melts in order to produce the intimate contact between the fibers and the PiIm, which is necessary to achieve the bond. .

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In Fig. 3, a side seam 4 is made by folding the edge

! area 5 of a fabric 6 over a strip 7 of a

: Film made from an ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymer and by then attaching a second strip 8 of such a film between the lower part of the folded edge portion 5 of the fabric 6 and the edge of one

^! second piece of fabric 9, as shown in the figure, produced. The binding can be brought about by running a hot iron over the upper part of the folded edge area 5 of the fabric 6 in the manner described above.

4 and 5, a piece of fabric 10 is folded in the form of an outer pocket surface along those Kaaten, the to be connected to a second piece of fabric 11. Between the second piece of fabric 11 and the folded edges the fabric 10 is a film 12 made of an ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymer is arranged, and the bond 'is as described above using a hot iron brought about.

The following example is intended to explain the invention further, . but do not limit.

example

In order to test a film according to the invention with regard to the overlap shear strength, pieces of cloth with a length of 12.7 cm and a width of 7.62 cm were cut from each of the fabrics listed in Table I below. Pairs of equal pieces would then be "overlapped in the longitudinal direction", the overlap being 2.54 cm wide and 12.7 cm long. Between the overlap there was a 2.54 cm wide and 12.7 cm long connecting film made of a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl alcohol ("PB 7801"). The connection was brought about by placing the overlapping portion of the structure between plates of a press heated ^{to 149 ° C. during}

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2 was placed for 10 seconds at a pressure of 0.703 kg / cm.

1 set of test samples was then removed from the press and placed in an aqueous solution containing 1% by weight soap (biodegradable J Amway, available from Amway Company) at 54 ^° C. Another set of 4 test samples was in tetrachlorethylene (500 g) introduced. The test samples remained in these environments for 68 hours and were then removed and dried in a forced air oven at 71 ⁰ C for 1.5 hours. The test samples were then cut at right angles to the bonded area to give a sample that was 12.7 cm long and 2.54 cm wide, thus having a bonded area of 2.54 x 2.54 cm. The test samples were then pulled apart on an Instron test uriferous shear machine at a rate of 2.54 cm per minute. In all cases the tissue tore before the joint area gave way. The forces required to achieve this result are shown in Table II below.

■ Table I

A 100% wool

B $ 65 dacron, 35% cotton

C 45% rayon, 30% acetate, 25% nylon

D 55% dacron, 45% wool

Table II

τ »« v «Tr _A « + -r. -π _Ä hot tetrachlor-

Sample control soapy water ethylene

A-A 28, 25th 114 27, 20, 22nd B-B 112 , 113, 66 112 , 105, 106 C-C 56, 65, 50, 57, 53 D-D 63, 59 62, 62, 57

27, 27, 28 110, 100, 108 62, 54, 54 58, 53, 59

From the fabrics listed in Table I, test samples were also used to determine the T-peel strengths (in kg / cm width) of bindings made by means of a

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19128 OO

-8th-

Films made of ethylene / vinyl alcohol polymerizate ("PB-7801") were produced according to the method of the invention. Pieces of cloth with a length of 15.24 cm and a width of One inch was cut from each of the fabrics listed in Table I. Between each pair of Pieces of the same type of fabric were placed on a sheet made of an ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymer ("PB-7801"). Attachment was induced and each test sample was exposed to the same environments under the same conditions as exposed as described above. The bonds were then tested for T peel strengths on an Instron tester tested at a speed of 10 inches per minute. The results are in Table III specified. In each case the failure of the adhesive cohesion occurred.

control Table III Tetrachlor
ethylene sample 1.25-1.45,
1.61-1.79 hot
Soapy water 1.43-1.61, ι
1.43-1.61 A-A 1.43, 1.79 1.43-2.14,
2.14 1.25-1.43,!
1.79-2.14 B-B 1.79-1.96,
1.79-1.96 1.79, 1.61 1.43-1.79,
1.79-1.96 ι C-C 1.25-1.43,
1.61 1.43-2.14,
1.43-2.14, · 1.43-1.79;
1.79-1.96 D-D 1.43-1.43

Apart from the fact that the method according to the invention provides an inexpensive, permanent, over cleaning environment permanent bond for joining textile fabrics "is created, the bond also imparts those Areas in which it has been attached a certain rigidity, eliminating the use of external acting Stiffening agents such as crinolines and the like become superfluous. This feature is particularly desirable in areas such as suit lapels, waistbands, belt loops etc. The ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymers, as they have been defined here, can be used to combine all Types of fibrous articles, i.e. synthetic fibers

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and man-made fibers, and also for every type of woven fabric existing structures, »ie interwoven, non-interwoven, streaked etc. apply.

Claims (4)

Patent claims: 1. Establishing a textile fiber connection using an adhesive as a binder, characterized by textile fiber parts through which an overlapping area is limited between each other, within this Overlap area a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl alcohol is arranged. 2. Structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the copolymer has a melt index of less than about 50 and is essentially free of acetate groups. Method of joining textile fiber materials under Use of an adhesive as a binder, characterized in that a film made from a copolymer made of ethylene and vinyl alcohol between the textile fiber materials to be connected, the Mim heated to a single temperature that, by flowing, it comes into intimate contact with the materials to be joined and the heat source is removed. 4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymer has a melt index of less than about 50 and is essentially free of acetate groups. 9Q9842 / 0320 40 blank page