DE1904203A1 - Preparations for promoting the development of plants - Google Patents

Description

19Q4203

I 46 541

Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Company, Ltdo, 3, Doshomaclii 4-chome, Osaka 541> Japan

Preparations for promoting the development of plants

The present invention relates to preparations for promoting the development of plants, in particular preparations for promoting the development of plant wax turn and coloring. The invention further relates to a method for promoting the development of plants, in particular plant growth and the Coloring·

The preparations for promoting the development of plants are characterized according to the invention dadurjoh that they are active Component of at least one compound of the following general formulas

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803836/1632

Q-Rr

►ΡΟΗ

R ₇ OO

⁷ V

R ₆ O '

OH O

(D

(H)

R ₈ C /

(HI)

ΡΟΗ

wherein R ₁ for hydrogen or a sugar residue, R ₂ for hydrogen or an alkyl group, R for hydrogen or hydroxyl, R for hydrogen, hydroxyl or a

ti Il

0-zu * kerrest and X stands for -C-C- or -CH-CH-, a Group of formula

0-R,

are bonded to the 2-carbon atom and R. to the 5-carbon atom and Rn, Rg, Rr ₇ and R _Q each represent alkyl groups,
contain.

The compounds of the above general formula (I) include, for example, quercetin (R .., Rg and R, each represent hydrogen, R. is a hydroxyl group and X is -0 * 0-, see Journal of the Chemical Society, volume 107, page 1568), rutin (R-, R ₂ and R ₅ each stand for hydrogen, R. is O-rutinose and X is -C »C-, see Beilstein * s Handbuch der Organischen Chemie, Volume 31, page 376j £ myricitrin (R ₁ and Rg each stand for hydrogen, R ~ is a hydroxyl group, R iat 0-rhamnose and X is -C * (>>, see Journal of the ^

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Americaxi Chemical Society, vol. 41, p. 208), hesperidin

(RJ is the remainder of the rutinose, R ₂ means a methyl group, R, and R. each mean hydrogen and X is «CH-CH-, see US Pat. No. 2,421,061), as well as other known and new compounds. The new compounds can be prepared, for example, by hydrolyzing rutin and reacting the product obtained with various sugars.

The compounds of the above formulas (II) and (III) include, for example, diethyl phosphite (R ₅ and Rg each mean methyl / Acta Ohemica Scandinavia, Volume 1, page 14 (1947.27), diethyl phosphite (R ₅ and Rg each mean ethyl / inorganic synthesis, Volume 4 »page 58 (1953.27), dioctyl phosphite (R ₅ and R ₆ each mean octyl / TbId _- J ⁷ "), dimethyl phosphate (R ₇ and R _g each mean methyl / see patent specification 2,410,1187), Diäthylphosphat (R ₇ and R _Q are each ethyl / Journal of the American Chemical Society, Volume 70: page 3385 (1948J7) and other known and novel compounds, the novel compounds can be prepared by the known _encryption. are produced drive as described in the above-mentioned references.

Of the substituents of the compounds of the above general For example, the alkyl group can be a methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl or octyl group be. The sugar residue can be the residue of an aldose or ketosis

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«· 4-" ■

be. Examples include monosaccharides such as trioses (e.g. Glyceraldehyde, hydroxyacetone), tetroses (e.g. erythrose, threose, erythrulose), pentoses (e.g. ribose, arabinose, xylose, Lyxose, bhamnose, riboketose, xyloketose) and hexoses (e.g. Allose, altrose, glucose, mannose, g-ulose, idose, galactose, Talose, psicose, fructose, sorbose, tagatose) and oligosaccharides such as disaccharides (e.g. lutinose, maltose, trehalose).

It is of course advantageous to shorten the time to harvest and to obtain a good yield by developing of the plants promoted, the enlargement of the ripe fruits promoted, the fruit set ensured and the Color formation in flowers and fruits are encouraged. A rapid outgrowth of the plants to full size is of great economic importance. Especially in the widespread greenhouse cultures using of a vinyl house or greenhouse, this is an essential requirement of producers.

Due to extremely extensive studies and investigations in connection with preparations for the promotion of Development of plants has now been surprising found that the compounds represented by the above general formulas have remarkable activity in promoting show the development of plants.

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The preparations for promoting the development of plants according to the invention "have auxin and Gi bb er eil in-We sound. It is believed that they enhance the color and luster of the fruit. They cause an enlargement of the fruits and accelerate their ripening, promoting the assimilation and activity of the in the Plants increase existing growth hormones.

The preparations for promoting the development of plants according to the invention have an effect that they promote the development of plants and ensure fruit set. Accordingly, if the preparations according to Invention of fruit trees and vegetable plants that bear fruits for food purposes such as tomatoes, cucumbers and egg plants, are used, the fruits are promoted to enlarge and produce a good yield. "Furthermore, the falling off the corolla prevents, and the size of the fruits becomes uniform, with fruits of extraordinarily large economic size Value to be preserved. If the preparations are based on potatoes, sweet potatoes, the edible arum or something like that Plants are used, the assimilation is promoted, whereby an increase in the yield is achieved with advantage.

Furthermore, the preparations for promoting the development of plants according to the invention have an effect in that they promote the coloring of the plants and thereby strengthen or strengthen the color and luster of plants which have a

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Vegetable pigment (a pigment of the anthocyanin-type, flavonoid ^ yp> of the carotenoid type or chlorophyll). Examples for this are colored fruits, vegetables and flowers · This increases their economic value.

The preparations according to the present invention are particular useful for enhancing the color and shine of fruits, flowers and leaves of plants used in greenhouses, vinyl houses or similar facilities, as there the color and the luster of plants due to the weaker Light are weaker.

The use of a plant hormone which has been widely applied as a means of plant development sometimes causes the leaves to curl, especially tomatoes, and the formation of cavities inside the Fruit. These disadvantages are not observed when using the preparations according to the present invention.

The preparations for promoting the development of plants according to the invention can in general at any time can be applied. When used before a plant is in bloom, they act to promote growth of the plant. When applied during the flowering period, they cause the fruit to enlarge. A promotion in the coloring can generally be achieved by applying the preparations according to the invention soon after the flowering period.

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be turned. However, the method of application is preferably changed depending on the plant to be "treated. For example when used on a plant whose fruits are harvested at once, such as a mandarine, the Treatment preferably carried out in full 30 to 50 days before harvest. If it proves necessary the application can be repeated at intervals of 10 to 15 days. The application in plants, which the Producing fruits one at a time, like an egg plant, is preferably done at 7 to 14 day intervals. The concentration of the active ingredients can vary within wide limits depending on the type of treatment to be treated Plant, stage of development and other conditions. However, Eb is preferred to have the active ingredient (s) in one concentration from 0.1 to 500 ppm to be used. Development promotion can be effected by a single administration. However, a long-lasting effect can be achieved by repeated administration at intervals of 1 to 20 days. In the, generally the administration is carried out at intervals of about 10 days. A treatment from a plant that is in a vinyl house for a period of 120 to 170 Days of cultivation is carried out 10 to 15 times.

Preparations for promoting the development of plants can be used on a wide variety of plants. Examples of this are fruit trees (e.g. mandarins, lemons, wine, Apple trees, peach trees, date fluff trees, pear trees,

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Fig trees, melons, watermelons, musk melons, blackberries, Cherry trees), vegetables (e.g. tomatoes, cucumbers, potatoes, sweet potatoes, edible arum, white pumpkin melons, pumpkins, lotus roots, Radishes, carrots, cabbage, Chinese cabbage, spinach, Chrysanthemum coronarium, Spanish paprika, ginger), plants of the genus Oryza (e.g. rice plants, rice plants containing glue, Wheat, millet, deccan grass), plants of the genus Junkus effusus (e.g. rushes, kings), flowers (e.g. lilies, chrysanthemums, Roses, heiken, tulips), tobacco plants and tea plants.

The preparations for promoting the development of plants according to the invention can be used depending on the type of application can be used in any form of preparation. Examples include dust, granules, tablets, wettable powders, oily solutions, emulsions, aerosols and smoke. These can be prepared in that the active ingredient or ingredients be mixed with different carriers. the Carriers can be solids, liquids, gases or combinations of clay. Examples of carriers are Talc, clay, kaolin, kieselguhr, calcium carbonate, potassium chlorate, Potassium or sodium nitrate, nitrocellulose, starch, gum arabic, water, alcohol, benzene, acetone, ammonium hydroxide, Alkalis and organic amines. If necessary, they can be used in combination with auxiliaries that are used for Manufacture of pesticides are used. Examples include bind sprays, emulsions and surface-active agents Middle.

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_ 9 -

Since Rutirv is one of the compounds used according to the invention, is sparingly soluble in water, the compound is advantageous dissolved in, for example, a small amount of ammonia water and then diluted with water.

The active ingredient (s) can be used alone or in combination with a fungicide, herbioid, insecticide, nematocid, Fertilizer such as a nitrogenous fertilizer (e.g. ammonium sulfate, Urea), a fertilizer containing potassium (e.g. vegetable ash, potassium sulfate, potassium chloride), a fertilizer containing phosphorus (e.g. bone ash, Thomas phosphate fertilizer, precipitated potassium phosphate) and trace fertilizers (e.g. manganese oxide, boron, Zinc, iron, molybdenum), 'and a plant hormone will.

Of the compounds of the general formula (I), the naturally occurring in the form of extracts or solutions are used, which are obtained from natural substances.

The following experimental results demonstrate the effect of the active ingredients according to the present invention be used.

Versuoh 1

The Ivena Straight-growth Teat is applied in the usual Veist to rutin / cf. * "Noyaku no Seibutau Kenteiho (Biological Assay for Agricultural Chemical *)", page 767 · The in the

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ORIGINAL INSPECT £ D

- ίο -

The results compiled in the following table explain the auxin effect of rutin and the synergistic effect of Rutin and indolylacetic acid (10 ppm), which are expressed as the percentage change in length compared to the change in length a "cut" of Avena coleoptile in water (control) set as 100.

Concentration sron rutin (ppm)

j » Change in length

Addition of indolyl acetic acid (10 ppm)

Without the addition of indolyl acetic acid

10

300

110

25th

300

120

50

330

170

The above results clearly show that rutin is a strong one Has auxin effect and that this effect is influenced synergistically by combination with indolylacetic acid.

Attempt 2

The Avena straight-growth test is carried out with dimethyl phosphite in the same way as described in experiment 1 '. the The results are compiled in the following table.

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ORIGINAL INSPECTED

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Concentration of
Dirnethyl phosphite
(ppm) io change in length Without the addition of in-
dolylacetic acid 6.25 With the addition of indoyl
acetic acid (10 ppm) 105 125 340 150 250 370 170 300

The above results clearly show that dimethyl phosphite has a strong auxin effect and that this effect is influenced synergistically by combination with indolylacetic acid will.

Attempt 3

Rutin is examined for its GkLbberellin effect, with one Waterfield — rice plant (variety: Kimmaze) is used according to the method described in "Shokubutsu no Kagaku Ohosetsu (Chemical Regulation of Plants) ", Volume 2, No. 1, page 48. The results compiled in the following table explain the G-ibberellin effect of rutin and the synergistic effect of rutin and gibberellin (50 ppm), which is expressed by the percentage change in length compared with the change in length of a leaf sheath as a control, which is fixed as 100.

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concentration
of rutin
(ppm) i> Change in length of the second leaf sheath Without the addition of
Gibberellin 10 With the addition of gibberellin
(50 ppm) 100 25th 410 103 ' 50 360 97 360

The above results clearly show that rutin alone has no gibberellin «effect. But if it is in combination is used with gibberellin, the effect of gibberellin synergistic effect is affected.

Attempt 4

Diethyl phosphite is used for its gibberellin effects a waterfield rice plant (variety: Kimmaze) investigated in the same way as described in experiment 3. The results are compiled in the table below.

Concentration of
methyl phosphite
(ppm) fo change in length of the second leaf sheath Without the addition of Gibbe
rellin 6.25 With the addition of Gibbe
rellin (50 ppmj_ 105 125 460 115 250 410 115 500 410 110 400

The above results clearly show that dimethyl phosphite alone be a remarkable gibberellin effect

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sits. When used in combination with gibberellin, the diethyl phosphite has a synergistic effect on the gibberellin.

Attempt 5

Seeds of egg plants are sown and cultivated. As soon as the egg plants bloom, they are covered with a sack and cultivated another 15 days. After this 15-day cultivation, the eggplant apples are cut off and placed in an aqueous one Solution containing 10 ppm rutin immersed under irradiation with a fluorescent lamp for the specified period of time. Then the middle part of the eggplant and apple epicarp is through Drill out with a cork drill and remove with a £ 1 methanolic hydrochloric acid solution treated to make the pigment to extract. The absorbance is measured at 540 myu. The results by the absorbance per 10 ml of the eggplant — apple epicarp are shown below.

Treatment time Absorbance (per 1 0 ml epicarp ' Without treatment 48 hours With immersion in
Solution of 10 ppm an aqueous one
Rutin 0.45 .96 hours 0.85 0.6 1.15

The above results clearly show that the fruit color of the rutin-treated egg plants is deeper than that of the untreated plant as a control.

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-H-

Versuoh. 6th

The experiment is performed as described in the same, manner as in Experiment 5 with ^1, except that rutin used in the experiment 5 is replaced by .. whore thylpho Sph I t at the indicated concentration. The results are summarized below.

Treatment time it

Absorbance (per 10 ml epicarp)

With ^ immersion in an aqueous solution of dimethyl phosphite

Without treatment

1 ppm

10 ppm

50 ppm

48 hours

0.65

0.65

0.75

0.45

96 hours

1.15

1.25

1.40

0.90

The above results clearly show that the fruit color the plant treated with dirnethyl phosphite promoted and becomes deeper with increasing the concentration of dimethyl phosphite compared with the coloring of an untreated one Plant.

Trial 7

Seeds of egg plants (cultivar »Kanei Shinko Suzunari-) are used sown and cultivated. Two months after sowing, the seedlings are transplanted to a vinyl house. Two months after the The plants are transplanted with an amount of 100 1/10 ares of rutin or dimethyl phosphite in the specified concentrations treated. 24 days after the treatment, the color and weight of the fruit (the weight of the fruit

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24 days after flowering). The color is measured by having 5 x 33 ml of the eggplant-apple epicarp at its maximum Circumference are cut out, the epicarp with a 2 # methanolic hydrochloric acid is treated to extract the pigment, and then the absorbance of the extract is measured at 540 m / rev. The results are in the following Table compiled.

link By chs chnit tii ehe s
Fruit weight (g) Absorbance Rutin (20 ppm) 48 1.42 Dimethyl phosphite
(50 ppm) 59 1.55 Uii treated 41 1.28

From this table it can be clearly seen that the absorbance of the extract corresponds to that used according to the invention Compounds treated plants are larger and the color is deeper than the absorbance and color of the control sample. In addition, the average fruit weight is higher.

Trial 8

A preparation which contains rutin in the specified concentrations (an aqueous solution containing rutin in the specified Concentrations and 1 ppm Tween 80 (trademark)), is applied to mandarin leaves (an early ripening variety of Unsyu)

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in an amount of 100 1/10 ares 35 days before, the expected harvest time applied. The color of the mandarins is measured 24 days after application. The results are in the following Table compiled. The colorations are classified into 10 levels from colorless (0) to complete coloration (10). The numbers in brackets indicate the number of fruits expressed as a percentage.

Conc
tration
from
Rutin
(ppm) number
the un
test
th
Fruits - number of
fruit
with the
Coloring
step
9-10 number of
fruit
with the
Coloring
step
8-6 number of
fruit
with the
Coloring
step
5-3 number of
fruit
with the
Coloring
step
2-0 1 50
(100) 14th
(25.9) 17th
(31.5) 19th
(35.2) A.
(7.4) 10 60
(100) 16
(26.7) 36
(60.0) 6th
(10.0) 2
(3.3) Con
troll 60
(100) (I) CMO
τ- CM 33
(55) 12th
(20) attempt

Preparations containing rutin in the specified concentrations (an aqueous solution containing eutin in the specified concentrations and 1 ppm Tween 80 (trademark)) - are contained on tangerine leaves (a common type of ünsyu) applied in an amount of 100 1/10 ares 35 days before the expected harvest time. The coloring of the mandarins is 7 days after measured according to the order. The results are compiled in the table below. The classification of the color is

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followed in the same manner as "described in Experiment 8.

tonz ent ra
tion of
Rutin
(ppm) number
the un
test
th
fruit number of
Fruit,
with the"·'"
Coloring
step
9-10 number of
Fruits.
with ~ d-er
Coloring
step
8-6 number of
fruit
with the.
Coloring
step
5-3 number of
fruit
with the
Coloring s-
step
2-0 10 79
(100) 11th
(13.9) 25th
(31.7) 32
(40.5) 11th
(13.9) 20th 81
(100) 18th
(22.2), 21
(25.9) 28
(34.6), 14th
(17.3) 40 66
(100) 14th
(21.2) 18th
(27.3) 21
(31.8) 13th
(19.7) control 93
(100) (5.4) 19th
(20.4) 24
(25.8) 45
(48.4) Attempt 10

Seedlings of egg plants (variety: Kanai Shinko Suzunari) were made on the 5th ' Planted in a vinyl house by March. On May 22nd and on May 28, a preparation containing dimethyl phosphite (a Solution containing 50 ppm Dimethylphosph.it in a 1/700 Nasu-Leaf (trademark) solution), applied. The eggplant apples are harvested on June 1st. It then becomes the average fruit weight, the average length of the Fruits and the average diameter of the fruits are measured. The results obtained are summarized in the table below. A 1/700 Nasu Leaf solution applied.

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number of
examined fruits

Average weight per eggplant Apple (g)

Average length of the
Fruit (cm)

By chi 1tural Diameter of the fruit (cm)

Treated
area

10

130.5

14.4

5.2

control

13th

63.4

10.6

3.7

Attempt 11

Seeds of egg plants (variety: Kanai Shinko Suzunari) were sown on September 25. On January 10 of the next year, the seedlings were transplanted into a vinyl house. These are treated with a preparation containing rutin. (4 g of rutin, dissolved in 1 ml of a concentrated ammonium hydroxide solution, are diluted to 1 liter with water The obtained rutin solution is used in combination with a 1/1000 Sanpi (trade mark) solution in an amount of 100 l / 10 ar ·) The apparent assimilation amount becomes 10 days after Application of the preparation intended. The determination of the amount disclose assimilation is performed such that a certain amount of egg plant leaves are punched out in the afternoon (20 blade parts each of 1 cm width) at 9 am and at 16 o'clock, the UNAE ABsimilations-

2
amount per 100 cm of leaves per day according to the following

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Equation is calculated:

Apparent amount of assimilation = ^ weight of the collected at 1 o'clock dry leaves) - (weight of dry leaves collected at 9 a.m.J ^ 7x 5

The results are as follows:

Apparent Assimilation Amount (mg) With the preparation according to
Invention treated
plants 21 control 8th

Attempt 12

The experiment is carried out like Experiment 11 with the modification that a preparation containing dimethyl phosphite (a Combination of an aqueous solution containing 100 ppm dimethyl phosphate, and a 1/1000 Sanpi (trademark) solution) is used. The results are as follows:

Apparent Assimilation (mg) With the preparation according to
Invention treated
plants 11.5 control 8th

Experiment 1g

Eggplant seeds (variety: Kanai Shinko Suzunari) are produced on

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Sown and cultivated October 5th. The seedlings are transplanted into a vinyl house. These are then at a distance of 10 days from April 20th of the next year with a rutin-containing Preparation (a solution of 20 ppm rutin in a 1/1000 Estox (trademark of an insecticide) solution). The eggplant-apple yield was measured 10 days, 20 days and days after the first treatment. The results are as follows:

district IO Days 20th Days 30th Days Treated 32 kg 36 44 control 20th kg 25th 22nd

Attempt 14

Eggplant seeds (variety: Kanai Shinko Suzunari) were sown on September 25th. The seedlings were born on January 10 of the transplanted into a vinyl house next year. These were then with the rutin preparations defined below from March 20 treated at an interval of 10 days. The eggplant apples were made 10 days after the first treatment harvested j the growth of the eggplant apples during 10 days was determined. The results are in the following Table compiled.

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preparation Weight per
Eggplant
Apple Appearance of the
Eggplant
Apple State of
leaves Combination of 20 ppm
Rutin solution and one
2.5 ppm 2,4-D solution 92 spindle
shaped Some abnormal
paint sheet
to shape Combination of a 20 ppm
Rutin solution and one
2 ppm 2,4-D solution 90 - 11th normal A 2.5 ppm 2,4-D
Solution 68 ball dart
lich 11th control 52 spherical ti

Attempt 15

Eggplant seeds (variety: Kanai Shinko Suzunari) were sown on September 25th. The seedlings were born on January 10 of the Transplanted to a vinyl house next year. These were with a rutin-containing preparation (the same as in experiment 11 used) on March 8th. 10 days after the treatment, the eggplant apples whose flowering time was on the day of treatment was harvested. The average fruit weight was decided. The results are as follows:

By chs chnit tii ehe s
Fruit weight (g) With the preparation according to
Invention treated
plants control 62

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Attempt 16

Eggplant seedlings (variety: Senryo ETo. 2) were born on April 17 planted and cultivated in a field. A ruthless preparation (an aqueous solution containing hutin (20 ppm) and borax (13.5 ppm)) was applied to the leaves, namely in an amount of 20 l / are on July 9th, July 17th and July 22nd. Eggplant apples became eggplant apples between July 11th and July 24th of quality suitable for sale (weight: approx. 50 g) ge = harvested and examined as reported in the table below .

number
the
plants number
the
fruit By
cut
liche
number
the
fruit
Per
plant • total
weight
Cg) I.
average
liches fruit
weight per
plant Treated
district 8th 67 8.4 3686 461 Untreated
the district 9 64 7.1 3645 405 Attempt 17

Egg plant seeds (variety: Kokucho) were sown and cultivated. Before the flowering period, 10 flowers are selected from * · from each district. A preparation containing rutin (an aqueous solution, containing rutin (20 ppm) and borax (5 ppm) or a combination of this solution with a T / 1000 lasu ^ Leaf (trademark of a plant growth promoter) solution) was given to the flowers on

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Dosed July 17 when the flowers came out. The average The diameter of the fruit, the average length of the fruit and its average weight were determined found on August 2. The results are in the following Table compiled

Average fruit diameter (cm)

Average fruit length (cm)

Weight (g)

Area treated with a preparation containing rutin (20 ppm)

3.5

18.0

90

With a preparation
containing rutin
(20 ppm) and
Nasu-Leaf treated district

4.1

20.6

125

control

3-5

16.0

75

Attempt 18

Egg plant seeds (variety: Kokucho) were sown and cultivated: fourth. 10 flowers were picked from each district before the flowering period. A preparation containing rutin (the same preparation as in Experiment 17) was administered to the flowers on August 3rd when they came out. The further investigation was carried out as described in experiment 17. The results are compiled in the table below.

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Average fruit diameter (cm)

Average fruit length (cm)

Average weight

shine

and

Colour.

With a preparation containing rutin (20 ppm) treated district

3.9

25.5

182

Treated with a preparation containing rutin (20 ppm) and Nasu-Leaft district

5.2

24.5

181

control

5.6

19.6

Attempt 19

Strawberry seedlings (variety: Kogyoku) were born on September 25th in a Planted vinyl house. A rutin-containing is applied to the leaves Preparation (rutin dissolved in ammonia water is diluted with water to form a solution containing 20 ppm rutin) in an amount of 100 1/10 ares at a distance of 7 days from March 1st of the next year. From the beginning of the harvest season (from the day on which a harvest is possible) until May 28th, the strawberries are collected. The one harvested from 20 plants The number of fruits, the fruit yield and the average fruit weight are determined. The results are in the compiled in the following table.

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Beginning of the harvest

number of
harvested
fruit

Yield (g)

Average fruit weight (g)

traded iecircle

5th of May

1647

12.2

In treated district

10th of May

1048

8.0

Attempt 20

Strawberry seedlings (variety: Benitsuru) are planted in a pot in early September. On March 15th of the next year it will be on a preparation containing rutin (4 g of rutin dissolved in 1 ml of concentrated ammonium hydroxide are diluted to 1 liter with water. The solution obtained is further diluted to 200 l with water, whereby a solution containing 20 ppm hutin is obtained.). 10 days after the treatment with the preparation, strawberry leaves (20 pieces of leaf, each with a side length of 1 cm) collected at 9 a.m. vox * noon and at 4 p.m. the Assimilation amount is determined as described in Experiment 11. The results are as follows.

Apparent Assimilation Amount (mg)

Plant treated with the preparation according to the invention

44

control

12.5

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Attempt 21

Strawberry seedlings (variety: Benitsuru) are grown in early September planted a pot. These will be on March 5th of the next Year (the day of flowering) treated with a preparation containing rutin (with the same preparation as in experiment 20). A Month after treatment with the preparation, the yield per plant and the average fruit weight are determined. The results are as follows:

Yield per plant
(G) average
liches Ge
weight (g) Treated with the preparation
plant 72 9.4 control 54 7.8

Attempt 22

Strawberry seedlings (variety: Benitsuru) are planted in a pot in early September. These will be on March 15th of the next Year with an aqueous solution containing 100 ppm dimethyl phosphite, treated. 10 days after treatment with this preparation strawberry leaves (20 leaf parts, each 1 cm side length) are collected at 9 a.m. and 4 p.m. The amount of assimilation is determined as in experiment 11. The results are as follows:

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Apparent Assimilation Amount (mg)

4 treated with the preparation according to the invention plant

22.5

control

12.5

Attempt 23

Strawberry seedlings (variety: Kogyoku) are planted on September 25th. With an interval of 7 days, these are from March 1st of the next year with an aqueous solution of Dimethylphosph.it (50 ppm) treated. The harvest of the strawberries begins on May 3rd. The harvest will be carried out until May 28th. The strawberries harvested between May 3 and May 28 are examined. That in the table below reproduced result is achieved.

In addition, the strawberries were harvested and examined in an untreated area from May 10th to May 28th.

Number of strawberries harvested

Yield (g)

Average fruit weight per strawberry (g)

treated the preparation according to the invention plants

133

1938.5

H. 5

control

131

1048

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Attempt 24

Tomato seeds (variety: Kochi «* First) were sown on September 10th, and the seedlings were transplanted on November 20 of the same year. A preparation containing rutin (a 20 ppm containing Hutin solution in a 1/1000 Daisen (trademark of a Fungicides) solution) is applied to the flowers after flowering in a Applied 10 days apart. The average weight of a tomato is determined 10 days after the treatment. the Results are as follows «., -

With the preparation according to
treated of the invention
plant 220 g Of good shine control 160 g normal

Attempt 25

Tomato seeds (variety: Kochi-First) are sown on September 10th, and the seedlings are transplanted on November 20 of the same year. A preparation containing dirnethyl phosph.it (a 50 ppm solution of dimethyl phosphite in a 1/1000 Daisen (trade mark for a fungicide) solution) is applied to the flowers after the flowering period with an interval of 10 days given. The average weight of a tomato is determined 10 days after the treatment. The results are as follows:

With the preparation according to
treated of the invention
plant 230 g Of good shine control 160 g normal ^

-29-

909836/163

Attempt 26

Watermelon seedlings (variety: lenryu ur. 2) will be on December 20 planted in a vinyl house. On March 8 of the next year, these will be treated with a preparation containing rutin (the same preparation as "in Experiment 20). The flowers came out on March 15th. The fertilization ratio was determined on March 18th. The results are as follows:

Fertilization ratio ($) Ά1 1 according to the preparation
treated for the invention
plants 100 control 60

Attempt 27

Watermelon seedlings (variety: Tenryu No. 2) were born on December 20 planted in a vinyl house. These were on March 8 of the next year with an aqueous solution containing 50 ppm Treated by dimethyl phosphite. The flowers came on March 15th out. On March 18, the fertilization ratio was determined. The result was as follows:

Fertilization ratio (#) With the preparation according to
treated of the invention
plants 100 control 60

909836/1532

Attempt 28

Cucumber seeds (variety: Kurume Η type) were sown on October 1st, and the seedlings were transplanted into pots on November 5th of the same year. The plants were made with a rutin-containing Preparation (the same preparation as in "Experiment 20) on Treated 15 · March of the next year. The apparent Assimi— The amount of ionization was determined in the same manner as in Experiment 11 24 hours after the treatment. The results are as follows:

• Obvious assimilation
amount (mg) 4 according to the preparation
treated an invention
plants 39-5 control 22.5

Attempt 29

The experiment is carried out in the same way as experiment 28, but with the modification that an aqueous 100 ppm Solution of dimethyl phosphite is used. The results are as follows:

* Obvious assimilation
quantity ^ e (mg) With the preparation according to
treated of the invention
plants 51 control 22.5

-31-

909836/15 3 2

Attempt 30

Buds of a Delaware grape that bloomed 2 weeks later and grapes that bloomed 10 days earlier were shown with an aqueous preparation containing gibberellin (20 ppm) and rutin (10 "ppm) or diethylphosphite (50 ppm), treated soaking wet. The treated grapes ripened about 1 month earlier than the untreated grapes, and seedless grapes of good gloss and beautiful color were harvested.

Attempt 51

The petals of Ohigusa lilies, which 2 weeks before the Flowering period with a 10 ppm aqueous solution of rutin are treated with a cold overnight

Soaked 1% methanolic hydrochloric acid solution. Ether is added to the filtrate, a precipitate being obtained. The precipitated pigment is dissolved in 1 # hydrochloric acid dissolved and then subjected to bulk paper chromatography to yield Toyo No. 52 filter paper in the form of

2 inch wide strips and a 4x1 $ 5 mixture of butanol, acetic acid and water were used as a developing agent. the Chromatograms were air dried, and the color zones of anthocyanin (Rf * 0.31) were cut out and extracted with methanol. The extracts were concentrated under reduced pressure at 40 C and the concentrates became again subjected to mass chromatography using the above-mentioned developing agent. The anthocyanin color zones were cut out and extracted with methanol.

90 98 36/1532

The absorbance of the resulting solution was 490 m / u in a 1 cm quartz cell with a Hitachi-type EPU2 spectrophotometer determined to be 0.8.

Chigusa lilies not treated with rutin were identified Way worked up. The extinction of this extract was determined to be 0.5.

Attempt 32

The experiment was carried out as Experiment 31, but with the modification that a 50 ppm aqueous solution of Dimethylpho sphit was used. The extinction of the extract at 4-90 m / U was determined to be 0.8.

Chigusa lilies not treated with dimethyl phosphite were processed in the same way. The extinction of this extract was determined to be 0.5.

Attempt 33

(Batate) Seedlings of sweet potatoes / (cultivar t Kokei No. H) were planted in sandy soil on May 25. On July 1, July 8 and July 15, they were treated with a rutin-containing preparation (an aqueous preparation containing 20 ppm rutin and 13.5 ppm borax) in an amount of 2001/10 ares. The sweet potatoes were harvested on August 9 and the yield was determined. The results are compiled in the table below. These results show that the weight of the potatoes grown in the treated area is considerably more than _____ -33-

909836/1532

that of the potatoes grown in the untreated area lies.

number of
plants Total yield
(kg) Average-j
liches Ge
weight per
Plant (g) With preparation according to
Invention treated
district 152 90.3 594 untreated district 151 '78.6 521

Attempt 34

On July 10th (87 days after flowering j average fruit weight: 50 g) is a 4 year old pear tree (variety: Chojuro) with a rutin-containing preparation (an aqueous preparation containing rutin (20 ppm) and borax (5 ppm) or a Aqueous preparation containing rutin (40 ppm) and borax (40 ppm)) treated, the fruits are 1 day. after treatment with Covered with paper bags and harvested on September 5th. It'll be the average fruit weight, the average Determines the diameter of the fruit and the average sugar content. The results are in the table below compiled in which the averages through investigation of 10 fruits each time.

-34-

909336/1532

average
liches fruit Fruit by chme ss he
(cm) across sugar
salary* weight (g) along 8th 11.6 With a rutin
(20 ppm)
Treated preparation
te fruits 262 6th 7th 10.2 control 226 6th 8th. With a rutin
(40 ppm) contained
ting preparation
treated
fruit 273 6th 7th - control 246 6th .0 .5 .6 .6 2 9 9 6th

* The sugar content is determined by determination in a refractometer.

Attempt 35

On July 10th (87 days after flowering; average fruit weight: 50 g) a 4 year old pear tree (variety: Chojuro) is treated with a preparation, dimethyl phosphite (a 50 ppm aqueous solution of dimethyl phosphite) contains. The day after the treatment, the fruits are tied with paper bags. On September 5 they are harvested The average fruit weight is determined. The results are summarized in the table below, in which the average fruit weight of every 10 fruits is specified.

909836/1532

Average fruit size
weight (g) With a dimethyl phosphite
containing preparation "be
traded fruits 252 control 246

Attempt 36

On July 10th, a 5 year old nutmeg vine (Alexandria), who carried grapes that weighed an average of 4 x 15 g and had an average longitudinal diameter of 1.95 cm, treated with a preparation containing rutin (the same preparation as in experiment 34). On September 5, the grapes were harvested. The total yield, the number of Grapes, the acidity, the average weight per grape and the average weight per berry. the The results are compiled in the table below.

Total yield (kg)

Number of grapes

Average Weight of one grape (g)

Acidity *
fg)

Average: average weight per berry Tg)

Treated with a preparation containing rutin (20 ppm) 18.2
Grapes

35

520.0

0.63

9.38

With a pre- | ready containing rutin (40 ppm) 17.9 treated
Grapes

31

577.4

0.62

8.73

control

14.8

493.3

0.58

9.00

909836/1532

* Ιίβτ? Acidity "means the amount of tartaric acid in 100 ml ! • not juice »

Smoke 57

On October 10th, a 5-year-old Muekatweinstocife (Alexandria), who was carrying grapes, the berries of which weighed 4.15 g on average and were 1.95 cm long on average, was treated with a "preparation", dimethyl phosphite (an aqueous solution of 50 ppm soon of dimethylphosphite) contained "On September 5th the grapes were harvested". The yield, the number of grapes and the average weight of a grape were determined. The results are compiled in the table below «

Yield
(kg) number of
grapes Average
Weight one
^ Grape (gj Kit a dimethyl-
containing phosphites
Preparation treated
Grapes 17.6 30th 586 »7 control H.8 30th 493-3

Attempt 38

On September 28 and October 12, 6-year-old ManäarinenbäuBie (variety: Miyagawa-wase) were treated with a rutin-containing preparation (a preparation containing 100 ppm of eutin and 67 × 5 ppm of borax). Vrarde harvested on October 31st · Five full-colored fruits of Class © L per tree were examined. The results are compiled in the naelifolgend.au table zvfe * . -57 ^ra

909836/1532

Zalil
the
Fruit
te ! By·"
I sclmitt-
S high
S 3? Ruoiit ~
weight
(p) Amount of room
tronic acid
per 100 g
Juice (g) relationship
the sweet
ability *) sugar
salary Treated
IeIt I
¹¹ II
"III 5
5
5 121.0
126.0
135.0 0.921
1,020
0.849 9.06
8.71
'9.99 3.3
9.0
8.3 By
cut 5 127.3 0.930 9.53 8.5 Con
troll I.
¹¹ II
»III 5
5
5 131.0
126.0
115.0 1,061
1,059
1.04-1 7.44
7.45
8.01 7.8
8.4
8.6 Öurch =
cut 5 · 124.0 1,053 7.63 8.2 *) Ratio of Sweets ; = Amount of soluble solids

Amount of citric acid

Versach 39

August 31, September 9 and September 19 turned 7 years old old tangerine trees (variety: Miyagäwa-wase) growing in a field that had been used as a field for Indian rice were treated with a preparation containing dimethyl phosphite (50 ppm). Investigations were carried out on October 10 and November 1. The harvest took place on November 1st. The results are compiled in the table below. The coloration was assessed as in Experiment 8.

-38-

909836/15 32

U -... 'j Ci '"" number By
cut
liches
Fruit-
weight number of
investigation
th
!Fruit Number of fruits By
cut
liches
Fruit-
weight
(«) coloring Coloring
3- ^ 5 coloring Number of fruits, !Coloring !Coloring
3 = * 3rd »5th coloring
Q ~ w2 sueliuzig I
at IG ₃ j
Oi.t - tosr
I. the un
test
th
Fruit 103 100 Coloring"
9 * v »10 116.7 0 68 32 !Coloring
9 ^ 10 30th 12th 5 Behan
delt 100 86 100 0 80.2 0 38 " 62. 53 1
27 '27 23 13th Con
troll 100 0 Under
search
on 1.
fioveiafcer Behan
delt Con
troll

Attempt 40

On August 19, a 32 year old Japanese (date) Plum tree (variety: Hiratanenashi) with a rutin-containing Preparation treated (a preparation containing rutin in the concentration given below and borax in an amount of 2/3 of the amount of rutin). On October 7th was harvested, and the fruits were examined. The results are compiled in the table below.

-59-

9088 3 6/1532

Conc
tration
from
Rutin
(ppm) Lahl
the
under
were looking for
fruit Diameter of
Fruits (cm) In the
harvest
(17. Ok
tober) Ver
bigger
utterance
of
By
knife
the
fruit
(cm)*) hardness
*) By
cut
liches
fruit
weight
*) 100
40
10
Con
troll 10
10
10
10 Before the
Treat
lung
(19th Au
gust) 7.09
7.35
7.28
6.81 1.35 (129
1.45 (138
1.38 (131
1.05 (100 3.01
(89)
2.90
(85)
3.11
(91)
3.40
(100) 155 (109)
164 (115)
162 (114)
142 (100) 5.74
5.90
5.90
5.76

*) The values in brackets are percentages.

Attempt 41

On June 20th and 10 days later, potatoes plants (variety: Danshaku) that were transplanted in Hokkaido, Japan in mid-April, four times with a rutin-containing pre «» treated at the ready. This preparation was an aqueous solution of rutin (10 ppm) containing four times the amount of rutin concentrated Contained ammonia water. Each district consisted of 10 plants in two series. On August 15th, the potatoes harvested and examined. The results are compiled in the table below, in which the individual terms have the following meaning:

Special: over 180 gj large: 120 - 179 g; medium: 60-119 g; small: 20 - 59 gj worthless: less than 19 gj total: all harvested Potatoes} useful: difference between -40-

909836/1532

total and worthless.

control total II Total- Treated total II total I. weight V- weight I. weight At weight At Ts) number (ff) At (ff) number (ff) number 375 620 number 790 1500 2610 3 2435 3205 7th 3600 Special 2 4685 18th 4280 4th 3860 25th 4350 great 19th 1150 56 1055 23 2185 51 1095 middle 55 450 29 200 41 325 32 355 small 31 8820 31 8440 43 10040 65 10540 worthless 59 9270 108 8640 66 10365 115 10895 "useful 107 _; 137 111 180 total 166 14.2 177 15.8 strength 15.1 15.7 value

Attempt 42

On January 31st, seeds of egg plants (variety: Senryo No. 2) are sown. The seedlings are transplanted in a field on April 17th. On August 1st (after the eggplant apples have been harvested), the leaves and the branched stems are cut off. The leaves and branched stems that grew from the remaining main stem were treated with an experimental preparation. Using a leaf punch, disks 8 mm in diameter were cut out from one side of the leaves in the morning and from the other side of the leaves in the afternoon. Each 30 discs were dried and weighed. The difference in weight between the morning and afternoon slices is expressed as $> compared to the weight difference from a control district, which is set at 100. The results are in the

909836/1532

- 4ΐ -

compiled in the following table,

Rutin (20 ppm) Observation date 12th September control Hesperidin
(20 ppm) 5th September 100 Treated 100 205 156 172 129

example 1

Rutin concentrated ammonia water water

4 pieces

16 parts

1000 parts

The above substances are used to prepare a solution mixed together. This solution is diluted 400 times with water before use.

Example 2

Rutin Tween 80 water

20 parts

Part 1
1000,000 parts

The substances are mixed well with one another to produce an aqueous preparation.

Example 3

Rutin Tween 80 ethyl alcohol

2 parts

2 parts

100 parts

-42-

90 9836/1532

The mixture is diluted 100 times with water before use Amount diluted.

Example 4

Rutin '2 g

Liquid mixed fertilizer (liquid

Fertilizer with 7% nitrogen and

20 io phosphorus content) 20 g

This mixture is diluted to 100 with water before use.

Example 5

A solution of 4 g rutin in 2 g concentrated aminoac water is mixed with 0.5 g of a polyethylene alkylaryl ether and with enough water that the total volume is 1 liter. The received Mixture is diluted 200 times before use.

Example 6

Rutin 5 g

DDT (0.1% dust) 10 kg

These substances are well mixed with each other to produce a dust.

Example 7

Rutin 1 g

p-chlorophenoxyacetic acid 2 g

These substances are dissolved in a suitable amount of warm water and then diluted to 100 l before use.

-45-

909 8 36/1532

_43-1904203 Part 1 -44- Example 8 1.5 parts Rutin 2 parts borax 1.35 parts These substances will making a dust well mixed with each other. This dust is then dung with water on the 50,000 to 500,000 times the amount thins. Example 9 Rutin 3 parts borax 2 parts urea 95 pieces These substances will making a dust well mixed together. Before use, this becomes dust then with water on the Diluted 500 to 10,000 times the amount. Example 10 Rutin 61.4 parts borax 35.4 parts Manganese sulfate 3.2 parts These substances will making a dust well mixed together. Before using, the dust is with Water 100,000 times to 1,000,000 times, amount ver thins. Example 11 yuercetin borax

909836/1532

These substances become good to produce a dust mixed together. Before use, this becomes dust diluted with water to 50,000 to 500,000 times the amount.

Example 12

Rutin borax p-chlorophenoxyacetic acid

This mixture is diluted 50,000 to 500,000 times with water before use.

2 parts 1.35 parts 2 parts

Example 13

Rutin 10 g

Borax 6.75 g

Manganese sulfate 3 * 5 g

Polyoxyethylene alkylaryl ether 1 g

These substances are dissolved in 100 ml of water. The obtained solution becomes 2000 times to 10,000 times before use Amount diluted.

Example 14

Rutin 10 g

Borax 6.75 g

Matrium ~ 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetate 1 g

Polyoxyethylene alkylaryl ether 1 g

These substances are dissolved in 100 ml of water ". The obtained solution is increased by 2000 times to 10,000 times before use Amount diluted.

909836/1532

- 45 - Example 15 54
36
3
6th 20th
1 1904203 Parts
.5 parts
.2 parts
, 3 parts 50
10
100
870 Parts
Parts
Parts
Parts with a nitrogen gas Parts
-46- Rutin
borax
Maiigan sulfate
liatrium gluconate These substances are under manufacture < a dust with with Water on the / ■ on 20 io) is before the mixed together, Example 16 Dirnethyl phosphite
Tween 80 (trade name) Parts
part A mixture of 50 g of dimethyphosphite and 500 ml of a liquid 20th These substances are dissolved in 1,000,000 parts of water. gen mixed fertilizer (a liquid fertilizer Example 17 hold of 7 i ° and a phosphorus content λ Dimethyl phosphite
Tween 80
Methanol
water Use dissolved in 100 l of water. This mixture is made before use Example 19 Diluted 1000 times the amount. Dirnethyl phosphite Example 18

909836/1532

Rutin 10 parts

Polyethylene alkylaryl ether 1 part

This mixture, before "use in 1,000,000 parts." Dissolved water.

Example 20

Rutin x 100 g

Borax 67.5 g

These substances are dissolved in 700 ml of water. A solution of 35 g of manganese sulfate in 150 ml of water is added. Then enough water is added until the total volume of the mixture is 1000 ml. This mixture is made before using diluted to 500 to 10,000 times the amount.

Claims

9098 36/1532

Claims (11)

Patent claims: I II. Ill where R ₁ for hydrogen or a sugar residue, R ₂ for hydrogen. or an alkyl group, R for hydrogen or hydroxyl, R. for hydrogen, hydroxyl or an O-sugar residue and X for -O = C- or -OH-OH- stand, a group of the formula to the 2-carbon atom and R to the 3-carbon atom are bonded and R ₅ , R ₆ , R ₇ and R _Q each represent alkyl groups,
contain. 2. Preparations according to claim 1, characterized in that they as an active ingredient quereetin, rutin, myricitrin and / or contain herperidin. -48- 909836/1532 3 · Preparations according to claims 1 to 2, characterized ₉ that they contain a dialkyl phosphite as an active ingredient » 4. Preparations according to Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that that they contain a dialkyl phosphate as an active ingredient. 5. Preparations according to Claims 1 "to 4, characterized in that that they contain the active ingredient (s) in a concentration of 0.1 to 500 ppm 6. A method for promoting the development of plants, characterized in that an effective amount of a prepa · * · advice according to claims 1 to 5 is applied to the plant whose rapid development is desired. 7 · The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the Plant is a fruit tree. 8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the Plant is a vegetable plant. 9. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the plant is of the genus Oryza. 10. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the -49 » 909836/15 32 Plant one of the (rattmt; Junkus effusus is » 11. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the plant is a flower. 12 »Process according to claims 6 to 11, characterized in that that the treatment is carried out several times at intervals of 1 ms 20 days. 909836/1532