DE1901127A1 - Machine working with a reciprocating motion with circulation of a flow medium - Google Patents

Description

P 75 Paris / France Our reference: B 1346

A reciprocating motion machine with circulation of a fluid

The invention relates to a reciprocating motion machine with a movable oscillating arrangement and a device for generating the circulation of a fluid in the machine, especially a liquid. This liquid can in particular be used to lubricate or cool the machine or an associated machine. The remarkable properties of the subject invention however, allow this to be used to form a particularly simple pump with a variable stroke.

The invention is expedient, even if not exclusively, to the linear with a back and forth energy converters with variable stroke, e.g. electric motors of the particular-

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others in the applicant's patents ..... (patent applications P 15 13 748.1 of March 8, 1966 and P 15 38 737.8 of September 9 - " December 1966) "described type. The invention is also applicable to linear energy converters, in particular to motor alternators, in particular the subject of

Applicant's patent (patent application P 15 38 74-7 / 0

dated November 16, 1966) described »As these machines often have a low unit output and are to be mass-produced at modest prices they are robust, cheap lubrication and / or cooling devices that are adapted to the variable stroke of the machine.

The usual working with a reciprocating motion by the motion of the swinging one Arrangement of driven pumps with suction and pressure valves are too expensive for this type of machine and can also do not generate a sufficient amount of flow when the stroke of the machine is small.

Driven by an independent motor rotating or working with a reciprocating motion pumps have a fm: machines with limited power unit intolerable price "

1® and still devices for production

a fluid circulation known, in which under exit one of the oscillating movement of the movable arrangement intermittent rotating movement is generated, which drives a pump via a freewheel. These systems are expensive entangled and not very reliable

The invention aims to overcome these drawbacks

to remedy this by providing reciprocating machines which have a device for generating circulation of a fluid which is simple and inexpensive.

The invention with a back and forth

reciprocating motion machine with a frame _3, a stator attached to this frame, a vibrating movable arrangement arranged in the stator, which performs a reciprocating motion with respect to the stator, and a device for generating the revolution

ORIGINAL BATHROOM Θ09832 / 1014 -

of a fluid in the machine, in particular a liquid, is characterized in that the device a chamber with a delivery opening for the fluid and means for driving the fluid by inertia which include a wall belonging to the chamber which is movable relative to the frame and is arranged so that it carries the fluid from the chamber to another zone of the machine.

Thanks to the use of this movable

Wall becomes the device for generating the circulation of the fluid very simple and reliable. The fluid circulating in the machine is in particular a liquid, E.g. an auxiliary fluid that lubricates the machine. |

According to one embodiment of the invention for low power reciprocating machines where the fluid is a Is liquid, the stator is elastically attached to the frame, so that it is opposite to this one back and forth forward movement can be carried out by reaction of the movable assembly, and the chamber is bound to the stator in such a way that that its walls cause the liquid to move by inertia.

According to another embodiment of the

Invention for machines working with a reciprocating motion of greater power with a linear motion reciprocating movement performing movable assembly "this assembly has a chamber, the axis of which to the Direction of movement is parallel, and in which there is a secondary movable assembly, which is supported by a mass is formed, which moves by inertia practically close in the axis of this chamber. The mass is determined in the chamber at least one variable volume, which alternates with a suction line connected to a liquid container and a conveying opening is connected.

This design enables the promotion

a larger amount of liquid than the previous one, whereby however, it is particularly simple and reliable.

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^ According to another old and back-to-back movement of working machines, an embodiment of the invention that can be used further for the generation of the circulation wheel / pumping speed is firmly connected to the movable arrangement. Dende chamber which through a ün Bezugiauf the BEWE ~ a ■■ supply axis of the moving assembly is formed söhräg-lying Rohrtiil _t. The lower part of this distributor contains a liquid contained in the storage container: exchanging opening, while its upper section has a small cross-section LeineTLÖifnungeTsß for dispensing the liquid ¹ * -

The invention is described below under Ref reference to the drawing explained by way of example. : ^ a \

Pig · 1 is a, ZiT. axially sectioned view of a machine according to the invention. Iv ₁ ,

Pig. Figure 2 is a section along line H-II of Pig. 1. ■■ ? .; ,,; -, =

Pig 3 is an axial section of a second embodiment of the invention. '- _■::; c;

Pig. 4 is a section along the line. IV-IV the Pig. 3.. .;

Pig. 5 shows an embodiment modification in section part of the machine of the Pig * 4.,;

Pig. 6 is an axial section of a third Embodiment of the invention. ... :: ■

Pig. Figure 7 is a section along line VII-VII of Pig. 6.. ,

Pig. 8 to 10 show individual execution,

units of the distributor in Pig. 6 machine shown on a larger scale.

Pig · 11 is a graph of the time course of the velocities in the linear energy converters.

In Pig. 1 and 2 shown ^

The machine is designed as a low-power electric air compressor with a cylinder 1 in which a slide piece forming a piston Z is guided, which is driven by a linear reciprocating electromagnetic motor 3 of the patent specifications of the applicant ... (Patent applications P 15 13 748.1 of March 8th

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737.,

1966 and P 15 38 737.8 of 9 · Sep ^ ekü ^ W & \]. Described * ¹

Kind of driven. The game '_"ö zw§i§e.hen the cylinder 1 and _fi' '''to the piston 2 is preferably SSWI-SQH, s, _£ 2 and 50 microns. The by the motor 3 and the cylinder Itrgebildete arrangement- forms the stator of the machine, which is attached to a fixed frame A with the aid of spring leaves 5 deformable in the axis of the machine. '"- ^: "

In this embodiment the fluid is an auxiliary fluid formed by the lubricating oil, "' whose circulation is generated according to the invention by a device which comprises a chamber which contains an oil'vorratsbehäl-

■ '■■■■ express. ³ - ■ * ■■ th .-- 6 forms, which is arranged in the lower portion of the cylinder 1 and with a Pörderöffnung _r 4n form of an annular groove is in connection 7, which is formed in the inner wall 8 of the cylinder V UNAE ^J ° in the middle "section of the surface swept by the piston 2 at a distance

from the cylinder head mouths ^, """" weaiibea, is at least equal to the bore of the cylinder. DieTIu ^^ i ^ t-eht, fe ^ er with a channel 9, through which an oil staiidimissi-tab 11. (Fig. ^ 2) occurs, as well as a by a Stöpsei ^ ^-13: verscJilossenen ^J '* Fullo opening 12 in connection The Stöpsei ^ nthalt in turn a channel 14t which by a BIdCk ¹¹ I§ü; of a porous air-permeable but oil-tight Ma't8 ¥. ^ ääscYßi; s.ch is closed. #

At eÄr'sdie'rigen ^ Mas ^ cM'he less

Power i # fc the swinging ^ bfe-wtegliche arrangement, which of the Piston 2 belongs to, dynamisctf-not balanced, so that the The stator of the machine oscillates during operation which results from the retroactive effect of the movable arrangement is generated and is in antiphase with the movement thereof, the amplitudes of these two movements being the corresponding Masses are inversely proportional. The walls of the container 6 are subjected to a periodic acceleration, whose vert is greatest at the moment 'in which the speed of the stator changes direction. The oil contained in the container 6 is then caused by inertia thrown onto the end walls 16, 17, which then exert a pressure on the oil, and part of this oil gradually rises in the hat 7 on what else by the effect of the

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ORIGINAL INSPECTED

Surface tension of the oil is favored. It forms hence a continuous thin film of oil between the walls of the cylinder 1 and the piston 2, which with each stroke the piston is fed again ?; The small game between these two walls prevents the leakage of air and limits the oil circulation to the extent of the work. It prevents also the oil leakage during the transport of the machine, if this is reversed in time.

The air leakage of the porous block

^{15 maintains a pressure of 5} in the container 6, which is equal to the atmospheric pressure, which prevents oil from rising to the container, while its practical impermeability to the oil prevents it from escaping to the outside.

Thanks to the "position of the groove 7 in the middle of the

The surface swept by the piston 2 is the leakage path for the air that compresses in the BodeftfÖ of the cylinder 1 is when the piston 2 is at the outer dead center, long enough for this air to pass through to the container 6 to prevent.

Measurements were made on an electrical air

compressor of 250 watts and 32 mm bore made, which provided with a SehmiervQrriöhtunjg of the above type was · The case of long-term tests ^ measured oil consumption corresponds ■ one hundred thousandth dei ¹ weight of the air supplied from the compressor, whose ^ cTm'erleistung 30 liters / minute under a pressure of 3 »5 kg / cm was» The wear observed after about a thousand hours of operation was practically negligible. _α

When i & schinen stronger performance, their

movable arrangement is dynamically balanced, the above can System not used because the stator of these machines remains practically immobile. In Pig. 3 to 5 another ^ embodiment of the invention is shown, which on this machine area is applicable and also a stronger ÖÜ & - funding made possible. ^ "

The machine shown is a linear or linear machine

Motor compressor for the delivery of an expensive or dangerous gas. The motor compressor is suspended by means of links 31 within a tight casing 32, the lower section of which: y%

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ORIGINAL INSPECTED

Forms a reservoir for the auxiliary liquid, which in turn is the machine's lubricating oil. The movable arrangement des Terichtere comprises a reciprocating movement within a cylinder 35 performing piston 34 ·

Inside the stator, the movable one

Arrangement and the piston 34 is a coaxial with the piston cylindrical chamber 36 is formed in which a secondary movable assembly containing a mass 37 is freely movable. This mass then divides the chamber 36 into two volumes 36a which vary according to the position of the mass and 36b_. The play between the walls of the mass 37 and the chamber 36 is so small that the oil passage of one volume on the other hand is low. Each volume 36a, 36b is at a certain distance from the outer surface of the piston 34 through a formed by the end walls 39a, 39b of the chamber 36 radial opening 38a, 38b connected so that when the mass 37 begins to close one of the openings 38a, 381), a residual volume remains between the face of this mass and the corresponding wall 39a, 39b_

On the other hand, the opening 38a is in one

Distance from the end 46 of the piston 34, which is at least equal to the bore thereof.

The inner wall of the cylinder 35 contains

also three annular grooves 41 »42a, 42t>. The groove 41 is through a Feed channel 43 is connected to the oil container 33. The grooves 42a, 42b, which are arranged symmetrically with respect to the hat 41, are through radial openings 44a, 44b_ with a channel 45 for conveying the Oil connected to the machine. An attached core 40 enables the hole of the forming chamber 36 to be closed Piston 34 after introduction of mass 37.

The operation of the device is as follows: when the piston 34 is at its outer dead center and its stroke in the direction of the inner dead center according to the direction of the arrow f with a positive acceleration begins, the cash register 37 is pressed by inertia against the wall 39a of the volume 36a. In the second half of the stroke in the direction of the arrow f_ the acceleration becomes negative, and the mass 37 is displaced by inertia in the direction of

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the wall 39b, expresses that in the volume 36t> contained oil together and creates a negative pressure in the volume 36a. In The opening 38b of the groove 42t) and the opening 38a come close to the end of the stroke of the piston 34 in the direction of the arrow f the groove 41 opposite. The oil contained in the volume 36b is conveyed into the distribution channel 45, while oil from the Container 33 is sucked through the channel 43 into the volume 36a «during the return in the direction of the arrow £ to the outer At the dead center, the reverse processes take place, the oil of the volume 36a being conveyed into the channels 44a and 45 while oil is sucked from the container 33 into the volume 36b · Thanks to this design, the channel 45 is opened with each stroke of the Piston 34 fed with oil under pressure.

When the mass 37 closes an opening 38a near its end of the stroke, a residual volume remains between its end face and the end wall 39a of the chamber 36, which is filled with oil, which cannot escape and very effectively dampens the shocks at the end of the stroke. On the other hand, due to the distance between the opening 38a and the end 46 of the piston 34, the passage of compressed air to the oil circuit is very small.

With the simplified execution of the

5 opens the radial formed in the wall of the chamber 36 opening 38t> beyond the end of cylinder 351 when the piston 34 is at its inner dead center. (Position of FIG. 5). In this position of the piston 34 is then oil promoted directly to the end of the cylinder 35 what the omission of the groove 42ti and the radial opening 44b allowed, which were formed in the inner wall of the cylinder 35 in the embodiment shown in FIG.

Measurements were made on such a

device attached to a 200 watt motor compressor performed. The bore of the chamber 36 was 8 mm, the stroke of the mass 37 was 10 mm, the suction pressure in the volume 36a »36t) 100 g / cm and the delivery pressure 800 g / cm. The play between the mass 37 and the walls of the chamber 36 was a few hundredths Millimeter, which does not require any special precautionary measures during machining · Under these conditions

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an oil output of 30 liters / hour was obtained.

With such a machine, of course the fluid can also be formed by a gaseous medium, in which case the machine acts as a pump for this Means works.

Palis the machine too great a unit performance has to use the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, or if it does not have a receiving piston as when running the pig. 3, can be expedient a third below with reference to Pig. 6 to 10 described embodiment can be used.

The one in Pig. 6 and 7 shown

Pail the machine is a motor alternator with variable magnetic resistance, the motor part of which has Motorkol- (ti ben 61 and brushing piston 62, which in through Spark plugs 65 carrying cylinder heads 64 closed cylinders 63 are displaceable. The pistons 62 are through a shaft 66 connected to which a magnetic core 67 is attached, which gives a reciprocating movement of this shaft will. This core moves in air gaps 68, 69 of a magnetic circuit with two pole pieces 71a, 711a connected by a common yoke 72. Each pole piece carries one of a direct current Excitation winding 73a, 73, b through which a suitable direction flows, while a winding 74 for drawing the alternating current the arrangement formed by the two pole shoes 71a, 71b wraps around

The fixed parts of the machine, such as the cylinder 63 and the magnetic circuits, are on a hollow frame 75 attached.

In this embodiment, the invention

Circulation of the auxiliary liquid generated according to the process cools the windings. For this purpose, a storage container 76 for the cooling oil is in the formed lower part of the frame 75, and the shaft 66 carries an oil distributor 77 forming chamber which through an Eohrstüok is formed, the axis of which is oblique to the direction the oscillating movement of the movable arrangement lies »The Lower part 79 of distributor 77 is * open and -tauofet into the Vessel 76 oil, while its upper,? express an opening

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78, the cross-section of which is smaller than that of the central channel of the manifold. A particularly economical design of the manifold 77 consists in (Fig. 8), it under the exit of a pipe brazed to the shaft 66 to form, which is partially flattened so that it has an oval cross-section (Fig. 9) · In its upper portion (Fig. 10) the tube 77 is completely flattened on part of its diameter, so that the outlet opening 78 small cross-section arises near the anterior wall.

When the distributor 77 moves away from the windings 73a? 73b and 74 in the sense of arrow 1 with a decreasing speed from the center of its stroke represented by the line AA (Fig. 6) and returning to the line AA at an increasing speed in the sense h, its acceleration is in that sense h directed, ie towards the windings. As a result of indolence, the oil contained in it seeks itself over against it in the sense i. to move and rises due to the inclination of the axis of the distributor in this. During the stroke of the distributor 77 from the line AA in the direction of the windings and back, on the other hand, the acceleration of the distributor is in the sense i. directed, so that as a result of the inertia the oil contained in it rises up to the upper opening 78 and is sprayed out in the opposite direction, ie onto the windings to be cooled. Experience shows that in this way a very effective sprinkling of the windings is obtained.

The inventive device for

Generating the circulation of an auxiliary liquid can be advantageous with everyone working with a reciprocating motion Machine used with low or medium unit output because their cost price is low, because they are reliable, and because they require practically no maintenance.

However, the use of this device is particularly advantageous with linear energy converters oscillating arrangements, in which the greatest values of the acceleration of the moving arrangement are higher than those in common machines with connecting rods and cranks

BATH ORIGINAL

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corresponding values are. 11 shows the time course of the speeds observed during a working cycle in a machine with a connecting rod and crank (dashed curve A) and in a converter with a vibrating arrangement (fully drawn curve B). In this figure, the abscissa is the time t in milliseconds and the ordinate is the linear speed of the movable arrangement in meters per second. The accelerations are therefore represented by the gradient of the tangents applied to the two curves. In the first half of the cycle, especially at the beginning thereof, the slope of the tangent T. G. to the curve B at 35 to 40 # ser GRB as the slope of G 'of the tangent T ₀ to the curve A. In the linear

In energy converters with a vibrating arrangement, the forces of inertia are therefore more important and the effectiveness greater.

This effect is particularly great in

the machines described in the applicant's cited patents. In these machines, the beginning of the Working cycle corresponding position of the movable arrangement is chosen so that the electromagnetic Units exerted attraction is great. The acceleration at the beginning of the work cycle is then even greater than in 5ig. 11, and the apparatus for creating circulation of a fluid by inertia correspondingly more effective.

The invention can of course be modified

will. Thus, in the last embodiment shown, two tubular distributors can be provided which are arranged on both sides of the core 67 and have branched upper openings facing the windings on both sides of the air gaps. Such an arrangement enables the stator of the machine to be centered with respect to the frame 75.

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Claims (1)

Claims 1 ·) Machine working with a reciprocating motion with a frame, one on this Frame-mounted stator, a vibrating movable arrangement arranged in the stator, which in relation to the Stator performs a reciprocating motion, and a device for generating the circulation of a fluid, in particular a liquid in the machine, characterized in that that the device has a chamber (6) with a delivery opening (7) for the fluid and organs for driving the fluid by inertia, which a wall (16) belonging to the chamber (6), which wall is movable with respect to the frame (4) and is arranged in such a way that that it conveys the fluid from the chamber (6) to another zone of the machine. 2.) Machine according to claim 1, wherein the fluid is a liquid, in particular a lubricant, characterized in that the stator (3, 1) is attached elastically with respect to the frame (4), so that it is given a back and forth movement towards this due to the reaction of the movable arrangement (2) can be, and that the chamber (6) is bound to the stator (3 »1) and forms a liquid container, the The walls of this chamber (6) cause the liquid to be conveyed by inertia 3 ·) Machine according to claim 2, characterized. characterized in that the liquid container (6) with the outside space through a for air permeable and for the Liquid impermeable means (15) is connected, so that in the container (6) the atmospheric pressure is maintained while the leakage of the liquid is prevented. 4a) machine according to claim 1 with a in a guide cylinder arranged within the stator slider, characterized in that the Wall of this cylinder (36) has at least one delivery or inlet opening (38a, 38b) for the fluid, welohe by the slide (37) during its movement 909.832 / 10 * 4 can be locked. · 5 ·) · Machine according to claim 4, characterized in that the play between the slide (37) and the cylinder (36) is between 2 and 50 microns. 6 ·) Machine according to claim 4, characterized in that that the opening (38a, 3Sb) in the wall of the guide cylinder (36) opens into the central section of the surface swept by the slide (37). 7.) Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that that the one provided for the fluid. ■ * Chamber (36a, 36b) mechanically bound to the movable arrangement (34) is. . 8.) Machine according to claim 7, characterized characterized in that the movable assembly (34) has a, chamber (36), the axis of which is parallel to the direction of movement of this arrangement (34), and in which a movable one secondary arrangement with a mass (37) is attached, which by inertia is tight in the axis of this chamber (36) moves and in the chamber (36) at least one variable volume (36a, 36b) determined, which by in the walls of the movable arrangement (34) formed openings (38b, 38a) alternating with one with a Strommittelbehalter (33) connected suction line (43) and with a delivery channel (45) * 9 ·) Machine according to claim .8 »characterized in that that the movable secondary arrangement is formed by a piston forming a mass (37), and that the openings (38a, 38b) .in the wall of the guide cylinder " (36) of the piston are formed at locations remote from the end walls (39a, 39b) of the chamber (36), such that at each end of this chamber (36) a damping-serving Volume is created. 10 ·) Machine according to claim 4, characterized characterized in that the openings (38a, 3.8b): in the wall of the Cylinder (36) at a distance from the ends thereof are formed, which are at least equal to the bore of the.: Cylinder is such that in particular the 'JeckaMs occurs. is reduced by the slide (37) compressed flow medium. 11.) Machine according to claim 1, characterized 909 832/1 SU characterized in that the motor part is suspended within a jacket (32) which also forms a container (33) for the supply of fluid and the return flow thereof. J 12.) Machine according to claim .7, characterized by a liquid distributor forming chamber which is fixedly connected to the movable arrangement (67, 68) and by a relative to the axis of movement of this. Arrangement inclined pipe piece (77) is formed, the lower part of this divider having an opening (79) dipping into the liquid of the container (76) and its upper part having an opening (78) of small cross section for dispensing this liquid. 13.) Machine according to claim 12, characterized characterized in that the upper opening (78) for dispensing the Liquid has a considerably smaller cross-section than the rest of the pipe part (77), and that this opening (78) from the to the sprinkling part (73, 74) of the machine is further away than the lower opening (79). 14.) Machine according to claim 1, characterized characterized by being built into a linear energy converter is, which one by a motor part (63) and a receiving part (72, 73 »74), which are firmly connected to each other have formed stator which interacts with a movable arrangement (61, 62, 67) arranged in the stator, which receives energy from the motor part during each work cycle and transfers it to the receiving part, whereby the latter Arrangement (61, 62, 67) a regular reciprocating movement is given by these alternating effects, so that it swings freely with a variable stroke » 15.) Machine according to claim 14, characterized. characterized that the linear energy converter with variable Hub in accordance with the applicant's patent specifications ... (patent applications P 15 13 748.1 of March 8, 1966, P 15 38 737.8 of September 9, 1966 and P 15 38 747.0 of November 16. 1966) are trained. 16.) Machine according to claim 1, characterized by two equiaxed mutually displaceable Cylinder (35, 36), the outer cylinder (35) being the stator belongs and the Innenzylxnder (36) a hollow piston for 9 0 9 8 3 2/10 * 4 ^BA ° forms the preceding one, wherein the inner cylinder (36) contains a mass (37) that can be displaced by inertia, the walls of the two cylinders having openings (38a, 38b, 41, 42) belonging to the flow circuit of the fluid, which approximately in the middle and / or at the end of the stroke of the
Inner cylinder (36) coincide. 90 9 8 3 2/101 * Blank page