DE19960098A1 - Magnesium (ether) sulfate pastes - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to magnesium (ether) sulphate pastes, with a solids content of at least 30 wt. %, which are obtained by sulphating fatty alcohols and/or fatty alcohol ethoxylates, (II) treating the resulting sulphated product with an aqueous slurry of magnesium base, (III) then neutralising the magnesium base, contained in the resulting paste, by addition of an acid, to a pH-value of 2 to 5, (IV) and, finally, adjusting the pH-value to below 7 by means of bases.

Description

Field of the Invention

The invention relates to magnesium (ether) sulfate pastes with an active substance content of at least 30 wt .-%, a process for the preparation of these pastes and their use in surface-active Preparations.

State of the art

Surface-active preparations, especially those in the field of washing and cleaning agents as well as used in personal care mostly contain anionic surfactants, such as for example play alkyl (ether) sulfates. These are due to their strong cleaning performance and their pronounced Foaming capacity, for example, in manual dishwashing detergents or large hair shampoos Importance. The magnesium (ether) sulfates are particularly suitable for skin tolerance to highlight. Usually these magnesium salts of alkyl sulfates and alkyl ether sulfates only offered in the form of a dilute solution with a solids content of approx. 30% by weight. The reason this is due to the problematic handling of the magnesium base, which neutralizes the sau ren sulfation product is used. The production of conventional dilute magnesium (ether) sulfate Solutions are carried out according to the current state of the art in such a way that the acid ester to be neutralized - coming from the sulfonation - directly into an aqueous slurry of the magnesium base (in the Magnesium oxide or hydroxide) is driven in. A major disadvantage, however, that only a solids content of about 30% by weight of magnesium (ether) sulfate is achieved in this way can be, since gelation takes place at higher concentrations, which a production or Processing of such a product prevented.

The object of the present invention was to provide a method for producing Ma to make available magnesium (ether) sulfates with a solids content above 30% by weight, in which they are in the form of pastes and are accessible with little technical effort are. In addition, these magnesium (ether) sulfate pastes are said to have good emulsifier properties point and be suitable for the production of surface-active preparations.  

Description of the invention

The invention relates to magnesium (ether) sulfate pastes with a solids content of at least at least 30, preferably 50 to 80 and in particular 55 to 80 wt .-%, obtainable in that Sulfated fatty alcohols and / or fatty alcohol ethoxylates, (II) the resulting sulfation product - preferably with vigorous stirring - with an aqueous magnesium base slurry, in particular a combination of magnesium base and an alkali base, (III) subsequently the magnesium base still contained in the resulting paste - preferably under intense Stirring - by adding an acid, preferably an inorganic acid and in particular a combination of an inorganic and an organic acid up to a pH of 2 to 5 neutralized (IV) and ultimately with bases - preferably with intensive stirring - on one sets the pH below 7.

Another object of the invention is a process for the production of magnesium (ether) sulfate Pastes, which is characterized in that (I) fatty alcohols and / or fatty alcohol ethoxylates sulfated, (II) the resulting sulfation product - preferably with intensive stirring - with an aqueous slurry of magnesium base, especially a combination of magne sium base and an alkali base, (III) then ent in the resulting paste held magnesium base - preferably with intensive stirring - by adding an acid preferably an inorganic acid, in particular a combination of an inorganic and a neutralized organic acid up to a pH of 2 to 5 (IV) and ultimately - preferably with intensive stirring - adjusted to a pH below 7 with bases.

Surprisingly, it was found that Magne sium (ether) sulfate pastes with a solids content above 30% by weight simply, quickly and cheaply can produce. In addition, these pastes have and are good emulsifier properties suitable for the preparation of surface-active preparations.

Fatty alcohols

Fatty alcohols which are suitable as starting materials are primary aliphatic alcohols of the formula (I)

R ¹ OH (I)

in which R ^{1 is} an aliphatic, linear or branched hydrocarbon radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms and 0 and / or 1, 2 or 3 double bonds. Typical examples are capronalcohol, caprylic alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, capric alcohol, lauryl alcohol, isotridecyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, palmoleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, elaidyl alcohol, petrose linyl alcohol, linoleyl alcohol, linolenyl alcohol, linoleyl alcohol Brassidyl alcohol and their technical mixtures, the z. B. in the high pressure hydrogenation of technical methyl esters based on fats and oils or aldehydes from Roelen's oxosynthesis and as a monomer fraction in the dimerization of unsaturated fatty alcohols. Technical fatty alcohols with 12 to 18 carbon atoms, such as coconut, palm, palm kernel or tallow fatty alcohol, are preferred.

Fatty alcohol ethoxylates

Among fatty alcohol ethoxylates, which are also suitable as starting materials, preference is given to using those of the formula (II)

R ² O (CH ₂ CH ₂ O) _m H (II)

in which R ^{2 is} a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having 6 to 22, preferably 10 to 18 and in particular 12 to 14 carbon atoms and m for numbers of 1 to 10 on average; is preferably 2 to 5. Typical examples are addition products of 1 to 10 ethylene oxide units with capron alcohol, caprylic alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, capric alcohol, lauryl alcohol, isotridecyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, palmoleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, linoleol alcohol, elaidolyl alcohol, elaidolyl alcohol Arachyl alcohol, gadoleyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, erucyl alcohol and brassidyl alcohol and their technical mixtures, the z. B. in the high-pressure hydrogenation of technical methyl esters based on fats and oils or aldehydes from Roelen's oxosynthesis and as a monomer fraction in the dimerization of unsaturated fatty alcohols. Technical fatty alcohols with 12 to 18 carbon atoms, such as coconut, palm, palm kernel or tallow fatty alcohol, are preferred.

Manufacturing

The sulfonation can be carried out using the processes known from the prior art for producing Al kyl (ether) sulfates are carried out; the gaseous manufacturing processes are preferred Sulfur trioxide or chlorosulfonic acid, especially gaseous sulfur trioxide.

In a tubular reactor, fatty alcohols and / or fatty alcohol ethoxylates were preferably at 30 to 50 ° C. submitted. In the case of the mixtures, a weight ratio of fatty alcohol: fatty alcohol is selected  ethoxylate in the range from 20:80 to 80:20, preferably 20:60 to 60:40 and in particular 30:70 to 40:60. Gaseous sulfur trioxide was introduced into this mixture. The raw sulfation product then with an aqueous slurry of magnesium base, preferably magnesium oxide and / or magnesium hydroxide or with an aqueous slurry of a combination of 10 to 50, preferably 20 to 40 and in particular 25 to 35 wt .-% - based on the final concentration the aqueous slurry - magnesium base, preferably magnesium oxide, and 0.1 to 15 preferably 2 to 5% by weight - based on the final concentration of the aqueous slurry - alkali lye, preferably sodium hydroxide solution, neutralized. The resulting mixture was in the form of a flowable gene, alkaline paste with a pH (3%) of 8 to 12, preferably 9 to 11 before.

The crude sulfation product was - preferably with intensive stirring - in a confectionery tioning container with conventional stirrer (e.g. cross-bar stirrer) and preferably for intensi veren stirring with a combination of the usual agitator of the assembly container and zu additional homogenizer (intensive mixer) collected; in a particularly preferred embodiment The packaging container was provided with a bypass through which the paste was made the lower area of the container back up through a homogenizer (intensive stirrer) the container has been pumped over. At 30 to 60 ° C, preferably 40 to 50 ° C, this was exceeded magnesium oxide by means of a 10 to 50, preferably 10 to 30% by weight inorganic acid, preferably sulfuric acid, up to a pH (3% by weight) of 2 to 5 and preferably 3 to 4 neutralized. In a preferred embodiment was at 30 to 60 ° C, preferably 40 to 50 ° C. the majority of the excess magnesium oxide by means of a 10 to 50, preferably 10 to 30 wt .-% inorganic acid, preferably sulfuric acid, dissolved; the resulting pH was (3% by weight) 7 to 10 and preferably 8 to 9. Then the organic acid, preferably lactic acid, citric acid and / or acetic acid and in particular Lactic acid, which resulted in a pH (3% by weight) of 2 to 5 and preferably 3 to 4. This was used to dissolve the remaining magnesium oxide over a period of 1 to 24 preferably held at 30 to 60 ° C and preferably 40 to 50 ° C for 6 to 12 hours.

Acidification using only organic acids is possible in principle, forbidden but in practice for economic reasons and because of the large quantities arising Salts.

After the magnesium oxide had completely dissolved, the product was discontinued. For this a solution of a 5 to 50, preferably 5 to 15% by weight base was slowly and in portions, preferably alkali, especially NaOH added to the container so that the rotating cross Bars, preferably combined with an additional homogenizer (e.g. intensive stirrer), the Alka stir limenge directly into the paste. This was ensured by constant pH control, that the alkalinity of the total batch never rose above pH (3% by weight) 7, preferably 6. After the pH of the paste remained constant for an hour after the last NaOH addition the goods were subjected to a quality control.  

Magnesium (ether) sulfate pastes produced in this way have, as typical indicators,
Active substance (Epton): 50 to 75%, preferably 55 to 70%;
Unsulfated content: 1 to 10%, preferably 3 to 7%;
Water content: 20 to 40%, preferably 25 to 35%;
Sulphate content: max. 5%, preferably 1 to 3%.

The content of magnesium salts of the alkyl (ether) sulfates according to the invention should be greater than 60%, are preferably greater than 80%, in particular greater than 90%.

The pastes of the alkyl (ether) sulfates according to the invention can also contain stabilizing additives such as e.g. B. contain EDTA, NTA, phosphonates as complexing agents; to reduce viscosity is the Zu set of liquefying agents such. B. alcohols, glycols, polyglycols and / or polyols possible.

Surface-active preparations

The magnesium (ether) sulfate pastes according to the invention can be used to produce surface active agents ven preparations, such as washing, rinsing, cleaning and fabric softening agents and cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations for the care and cleaning of skin, hair, mouth and Teeth, such as hair lotions, foam baths, shower baths, creams, gels, lotions, alko holic and aqueous / alcoholic solutions, emulsions, wax / fat masses, stick preparations or Ointments, preferably hair shampoos, are used. These funds can also be used as additional aids and additives substances mild surfactants, oil bodies, emulsifiers, superfatting agents, pearlescent waxes, consistency enhancers, Thickeners, polymers, silicone compounds, fats, waxes, lecithins, phospholipids, Stabilisa gates, biogenic agents, deodorants, antiperspirants, antidandruff agents, film formers, swelling agents tel, UV light protection factors, antioxidants, hydrotropes, preservatives, insect repellents, Self tanners, tyrosine inhibitors (depigmenting agents), solubilizers, perfume oils, dyes and the like included.

Typical examples of suitable mild, i.e. H. Surfactants that are particularly compatible with the skin are fatty alcohol poly glycol ether sulfates, monoglyceride sulfates, mono- and / or dialkyl sulfosuccinates, fatty acid isethionates, Fatty acid sarcosinates, fatty acid taurides, fatty acid glutamates, α-olefin sulfonates, ether carboxylic acids, Alkyl oligoglucosides, fatty acid glucamides, alkyl amido betaines and / or protein fatty acid condensates, the latter preferably based on wheat proteins.

Guerbet alcohols based on fatty alcohols with 6 to 18, preferably 8 to 10 carbon atoms, esters of linear C ₆ -C ₂₂ fatty acids with linear C ₆ -C ₂₂ fatty alcohols, esters of branched C ₆ -C ₁₃ -Carboxylic acids with linear C ₆ -C ₂₂ fatty alcohols, such as. B. myristate, myristyl palmitate, myristyl stearate, Myristylisostearat, myristyl, Myristylbehenat, My ristylerucat, cetyl palmitate, cetyl palmitate, cetyl stearate, Cetylisostearat, cetyl oleate, cetyl behenate, cetyl erucate, Stearylmyristat, stearyl, stearyl, Stearylisostearat, stearyl, stearyl, Stearylerucat, isostearyl, isostearyl, Isostearylstearat, isostearyl isostearate, Isostearyloleat, isostearyl behenate, Isostearyloleat, oleyl myristate, oleyl palmitate, oleyl stearate, oleyl isostearate, oleyl oleate, Oleylbehenat, oleyl erucate, behenyl myristate, behenyl palmitate, behenyl, Behenylisostearat, behenyl oleate, behenyl behenate, behenyl erucate, erucyl myristate, erucyl, erucyl, erucyl, erucyl oleate, erucyl behenate and erucylerucate. In addition, esters of linear C ₆ -C ₂₂ fatty acids with branched alcohols, in particular 2-ethylhexanol, esters of hydroxycarboxylic acids with linear or branched C ₆ -C ₂₂ fatty alcohols, in particular dioctyl malates, esters of linear and / or branched fatty acids are also suitable polyhydric alcohols (such as propylene glycol, dimer diol or trimer triol) and / or Guerbet alcohols, triglycerides based on C ₆ -C ₁₀ fatty acids, liquid mono- / di- / triglyceride mixtures based on C ₆ -C ₁₈ fatty acids , Esters of C ₆ -C ₂₂ fatty alcohols and / or Guerbet alcohols with aromatic carboxylic acids, especially benzoic acid, esters of C ₂ -C ₁₂ dicarboxylic acids with linear or branched alcohols with 1 to 22 carbon atoms or polyols with 2 to 10 carbon atoms and 2 to 6 hydroxyl groups, vegetable oils, branched primary alcohols, substituted cyclohexanes, linear and branched C ₆ -C ₂₂ fatty alcohol carbonates, Guerbet carbonates, esters of benzoic acid with linear and / or branched C ₆ -C ₂₂ alcohols (e.g. B. Finsolv® TN), linear or branched, symmetrical or asymmetrical dialkyl ether with 6 to 22 carbon atoms per alkyl group, ring opening products of epoxidized fatty acid reesters with polyols, silicone oils and / or aliphatic or naphthenic hydrocarbons, such as. B. as squalane, squalene or dialkylcyclohexane.

Examples of suitable emulsifiers are nonionic surfactants from at least one of the following groups:

• - Addition products of 2 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide and / or 0 to 5 moles of propylene oxide to linear Fatty alcohols with 8 to 22 carbon atoms, with fatty acids with 12 to 22 carbon atoms, with alkylphenols with 8 up to 15 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and alkylamines with 8 to 22 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical;
• - Alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides with 8 to 22 carbon atoms in the alk (en) yl radical and their ethoxylated analogs;
• - Adducts of 1 to 15 moles of ethylene oxide with castor oil and / or hydrogenated castor oil;
• - Adducts of 15 to 60 moles of ethylene oxide with castor oil and / or hardened castor oil;
• - Partial esters of glycerol and / or sorbitan with unsaturated, linear or saturated, branched ten fatty acids with 12 to 22 carbon atoms and / or hydroxycarboxylic acids with 3 to 18 Koh lenstoffatomen and their adducts with 1 to 30 mol of ethylene oxide;
• - Partial esters of polyglycerin (average degree of self-condensation 2 to 8), polyethylene gly col (molecular weight 400 to 5000), trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, sugar alcohols (e.g. Sor  bit), alkyl glucosides (e.g. methyl glucoside, butyl glucoside, lauryl glucoside) and polyglucosides (e.g. Cellulose) with saturated and / or unsaturated, linear or branched fatty acids with 12 to 22 carbon atoms and / or hydroxycarboxylic acids with 3 to 18 carbon atoms and their Adducts with 1 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide;
• - Mixed esters of pentaerythritol, fatty acids, citric acid and fatty alcohol according to DE 116 55 574 PS and / or mixed esters of fatty acids with 6 to 22 carbon atoms, methyl glucose and polyols, preferably glycerin or polyglycerin.
• - Mono-, di- and trialkyl phosphates as well as mono-, di- and / or tri-PEG-alkyl phosphates and their Salts;
• - wool wax alcohols;
• - Polysiloxane-polyalkyl-polyether copolymers or corresponding derivatives;
• - Polyalkylene glycols as well
• - glycerine carbonate.

The adducts of ethylene oxide and / or of propylene oxide with fatty alcohols, fatty acids, alkylphenols or with castor oil are known, commercially available products. These are mixtures of homologs whose average degree of alkoxylation is the ratio of the substance quantities of ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide and Substrate with which the addition reaction is carried out corresponds. C _12/18 fatty acid _monoesters and diesters of adducts of ethylene oxide with glycerol are known from DE 20 24 051 PS as refatting agents for cosmetic preparations.

Alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides, their preparation and their use are known from the prior art known in the art. They are produced in particular by reacting glucose or oligo saccharides with primary alcohols with 8 to 18 carbon atoms. Regarding the glycoside residue, that both monoglycosides, in which a cyclic sugar residue glycosidically attached to the fatty alcohol is bound, as well as oligomeric glycosides with a degree of oligomerization up to preferably about 8 are suitable. The degree of oligomerization is a statistical mean, one for such technical products are based on the usual homolog distribution.

Typical examples of suitable partial glycerides are hydroxystearic acid monoglyceride, hydroxy stearic acid diglyceride, isostearic acid monoglyceride, isostearic acid diglyceride, oleic acid monoglyceride, Oleic acid diglyceride, ricinoleic acid moglyceride, ricinoleic acid diglyceride, linoleic acid monoglyceride, linoleic acid diglyceride, linolenic acid monoglyceride, linolenic acid diglyceride, erucic acid monoglyceride, erucic acid diglyceride, tartaric acid monoglyceride, tartaric acid diglyceride, citric acid monoglyceride, citric diglyce rid, malic acid monoglyceride, malic acid diglyceride and their technical mixtures, the subordinate may still contain small amounts of triglyceride from the manufacturing process. Also suitable are addition products of 1 to 30, preferably 5 to 10, moles of ethylene oxide onto the par tialglycerides.  

Sorbitan monoisostearate, sorbitan sesquiisostearate, sorbitan diisostearate, Sorbitan triisostearate, sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan sesquioleate, sorbitan dioleate, sorbitan trioleate, Sorbi tanmonoerucate, sorbitan sesquierucate, sorbitan dierucate, sorbitan trierucate, sorbitan monoricinoleate, Sor bitansesquiricinoleate, sorbitan diricinoleate, sorbitan triricinoleate, sorbitan monohydroxystearate, sorbitan sesquihydroxystearate, sorbitan dihydroxystearate, sorbitan trihydroxystearate, sorbitan monotartrate, Sor bitansesquitartrate, sorbitan ditartrate, sorbitan tritartrate, sorbitan monocitrate, sorbitan sesquicitrate, sorbi tandicitrate, sorbitan tricitrate, sorbitan monomaleate, sorbitan sesquimaleate, sorbitan dimaleate, sorbitan tri maleate and their technical mixtures. Addition products from 1 to 30 are also suitable, preferably 5 to 10 moles of ethylene oxide to the sorbitan esters mentioned.

Typical examples of suitable polyglycerol esters are polyglyceryl-2 dipolyhydroxystearate (Dehy muls® PGPH), polyglycerol-3-diisostearate (Lameform® TGI), polyglyceryl-4 isostearate (Isolan® GI 34), Polyglyceryl-3 Oleate, Diisostearoyl Polyglyceryl-3 Diisostearate (Isolan® PDI), Polyglyceryl-3 Methyl glucose distearate (Tego Care® 450), Polyglyceryl-3 Beeswax (Cera Bellina®), Polyglyceryl-4 Caprate (Polyglycerol Caprate T2010 / 90), Polyglyceryl-3 Cetyl Ether (Chimexane® NL), Polyglyceryl-3 Distearate (Cremophor® GS 32) and Polyglyceryl Polyricinoleate (Admul® WOL 1403) Polyglyceryl Dimerate isostearates and their mixtures.

Examples of other suitable polyol esters are those with 1 to 30 mol of ethylene oxide, if appropriate set mono-, di- and triesters of trimethylolpropane or pentaerythritol with lauric acid, coconut fat acid, tallow fatty acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, behenic acid and the like.

Zwitterionic surfactants can also be used as emulsifiers. Zwitterionic surfactants are surface-active compounds that contain at least one quaternary ammonium group and at least one carboxylate and one sulfonate group in the molecule. Particularly suitable zwitterionic surfactants are the so-called betaines such as the N-alkyl-N, N-dimethylam monium glycinate, for example the cocoalkyldimethylammonium glycinate, N-acylaminopropyl-N, N-dimethylammonium glycinate, for example the cocoacylaminopropyldimethylammonium glycinate, and 2-alkyl-3-carboxylate -hydroxyethylimidazolines each having 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl or acyl group and the cocoacylaminoethylhydroxyethylcarboxymethylglycinate. The fatty acid amide derivative known under the CTFA name of Cocamidopropyl Betaine is particularly preferred. Suitable emulsifiers are also ampholytic surfactants. Ampholytic surfactants are surface-active compounds which, in addition to a C _8/18 alkyl or acyl group, contain at least one free amino group and at least one -COOH or -SO ₃ H group in the molecule and are capable of forming internal salts are. Examples of suitable ampholytic surfactants are N-alkylglycine, N-alkylpropionic acid, N-alkylaminobutyric acid, N-alkyliminodipropionic acid, N-hydroxyethyl-N-alkylamidopropylglycine, N-alkyltaurine, N-alkyl sarcosine, 2-alkylaminopropionic acid and alkylaminoacetic acid each with about 8 to 18 C atoms in the alkyl group. Particularly preferred ampholytic surfactants are N-coconut alkylaminopropionate, coconut acylaminoethylaminopropionate and C _12/18 acyl sarcosine.

Finally, cationic surfactants are also suitable as emulsifiers, those of the Esterquats, preferably methylquaternized difatty acid triethanolamine ester salts, especially before are moving.

Substances such as lanolin and lecithin and polyethoxy can be used as superfatting agents lated or acylated lanolin and lecithin derivatives, polyol fatty acid esters, monoglycerides and fatty acid al kanolamides are used, the latter also serving as foam stabilizers.

Pearlescent waxes, for example, are: alkylene glycol esters, especially ethylene glycol di stearate; Fatty acid alkanolamides, especially coconut fatty acid diethanolamide; Partial glycerides, especially stea rinic acid monoglyceride; Esters of polyvalent, optionally hydroxy-substituted carboxylic acids Fatty alcohols with 6 to 22 carbon atoms, especially long-chain esters of tartaric acid; Fatty substances like for example fatty alcohols, fatty ketones, fatty aldehydes, fatty ethers and fatty carbonates, which in total min have at least 24 carbon atoms, especially lauron and distearyl ether; Fatty acids such as stearin acid, hydroxystearic acid or behenic acid, ring opening products of olefin epoxides with 12 to 22 Carbon atoms with fatty alcohols with 12 to 22 carbon atoms and / or polyols with 2 to 15 Carbon atoms and 2 to 10 hydroxyl groups and mixtures thereof.

The main consistency agents are fatty alcohols or hydroxy fatty alcohols with 12 to 22 and preferably 16 to 18 carbon atoms and in addition partial glycerides, fatty acids or hydroxy fat acids into consideration. A combination of these substances with alkyl oligoglucosides and / or is preferred Fatty acid N-methylglucamides of the same chain length and / or polyglycerol poly-12-hydroxystearates.

Suitable thickeners are, for example, Aerosil types (hydrophilic silicas), Polysac charide, especially xanthan gum, guar guar, agar agar, alginates and tyloses, carboxymethyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl cellulose, also higher molecular weight polyethylene glycol mono- and diesters of Fatty acids, polyacrylates, (e.g. Carbopole® from Goodrich or Synthalene® from Sigma), poly acrylamides, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl pyrrolidone, surfactants such as ethoxylated fatty acid reglycerides, esters of fatty acids with polyols such as pentaerythritol or trimethylol propane, fatty alcohol ethoxylates with a narrow homolog distribution or alkyl oligoglucosides as well Electrolytes such as table salt and ammonium chloride.

Suitable cationic polymers are, for example, cationic cellulose derivatives, such as. Legs quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose obtained from Amerchol under the name Polymer JR 400® Lich, cationic starch, copolymers of diallylammonium salts and acrylamides, quaternized  Vinyl pyrrolidone / vinyl imidazole polymers, such as. B. Luviquat® (BASF), condensation products from Poly glycols and amines, quaternized collagen polypeptides such as lauryldimonium hydroxy propyl hydrolyzed collagen (Lamequat®L / Grünau), quaternized wheat polypeptides, polyethyleneimine, cationic silicone polymers, such as. B. amodimethicones, copolymers of adipic acid and dimethyl aminohydroxypropyldiethylenetriamine (Cartaretine® / Sandoz), copolymers of acrylic acid with dimethyl diallylammonium chloride (Merquat® 550 / Chemviron), polyaminopolyamides, e.g. B. described in the FR 2252840 A and its crosslinked water-soluble polymers, cationic chitin derivatives as in for example, quaternized chitosan, optionally microcrystalline, condensation products Dihaloalkylene, such as. B. dibromobutane with bisdialkylamines, such as. B. bis-dimethylamino-1,3-propane, cationic guar gum, such as B. Jaguar® CBS, Jaguar® C-17, Jaguar® C-16 from Celanese, quaternized ammonium salt polymers, such as. B. Mirapol® A-15, Mirapol® AD-1, Mirapol® AZ-1 der Miranol company.

Examples of anionic, zwitterionic, amphoteric and nonionic polymers are Vinyl acetate / crotonic acid copolymers, vinyl pyrrolidone / vinyl acrylate copolymers, vinyl acetate / butyl maleate / iso bornyl acrylate copolymers, methyl vinyl ether / maleic anhydride copolymers and their esters, uncrosslinked and polyols crosslinked polyacrylic acids, acrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride / Acrylate copolymers, octylacrylamide / methyl methacrylate / tert-butylaminoethyl methacrylate / 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate copolymers, polyvinylpyrrolidone, vinylpyrrolidone / vinyl acetate copolymers, vinylpyrrolidone / di methylaminoethyl methacrylate / vinylcaprolactam terpolymers and optionally derivatized Cellulose ethers and silicones in question.

Suitable silicone compounds are, for example, dimethylpolysiloxanes, methylphenylpolysiloxanes, cyclic silicones as well as amino, fatty acid, alcohol, polyether, epoxy, fluorine, glycoside and / or al alkyl modified silicone compounds that are both liquid and resinous at room temperature can lie. Simethicones, which are mixtures of Dimethico, are also suitable nen with an average chain length of 200 to 300 dimethylsiloxane units and hydrogenated Silicates. A detailed overview of suitable volatile silicones can also be found at Todd et al. in cosm. Toil. 91, 27 (1976).

Typical examples of fats are glycerides. Natural waxes, such as, for example, B. candelilla wax, carnauba wax, japan wax, esparto grass wax, cork wax, guaruma wax, rice, germ oil wax, sugar cane wax, ouricury wax, montan wax, beeswax, shellac wax, walnut, lanolin (wool wax), pretzel fat, ceresin, ozokerite (earth wax), petrolatum, paraffin waxes; chemically modified waxes (hard waxes), such as. B. Montanester waxes, Sasol waxes, hy drized jojoba waxes and synthetic waxes, such as. B. polyalkylene waxes and polyethylene glycol waxes in question. In addition to fats, fat-like substances such as lecithins and phospholipids can also be used as additives. The skilled person understands the term lecithins to refer to those glycerophospholipids which are formed from fatty acids, glycerol, phosphoric acid and choline by esterification. Lecithins are therefore often referred to in the art as phosphatidylcholines (PC) and follow the general formula

where R typically for linear aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals with 15 to 17 carbon atoms men and up to 4 cis double bonds. The cephalins are examples of natural lecithins called, which are also referred to as phosphatidic acids and derivatives of 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphoric acids represent. In contrast, phospholipids are usually understood to be mono- and preferably diesters of phosphoric acid with glycerin (glycerol phosphates), which are generally related to the fet ten can be expected. In addition, sphingosines or sphingolipids are also suitable.

Metal salts of fatty acids, such as. B. magnesium, aluminum and / or Zinc stearate or ricinoleate can be used.

Examples of biogenic active ingredients are tocopherol, tocopherol acetate, tocopherol palmitate, Ascorbic acid, deoxyribonucleic acid, retinol, bisabolol, allantoin, phytantriol, panthenol, AHA acid ren, amino acids, ceramides, pseudoceramides, essential oils, plant extracts and vitamin complexes to understand.

Cosmetic deodorants (deodorants) counteract, mask or mask body odors page them. Body odors arise from the action of skin bacteria on apocrine sweat, whereby unpleasant smelling degradation products are formed. Accordingly, Deodo included rantien Active ingredients that act as germ inhibitors, enzyme inhibitors, odor absorbers or Ge act as a cover.

In principle, all substances that act against gram-positive bacteria are suitable as germ-inhibiting agents suitable, such as B. 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and its salts and esters, N- (4-chlorophenyl) -N '- (3,4-dichloro phenyl) urea, 2,4,4'-trichloro-2'-hydroxydiphenyl ether (triclosan), 4-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol, 2,2'- Methylene-bis (6-bromo-4-chlorophenol), 3-methyl-4- (1-methylethyl) phenol, 2-benzyl-4-chlorophenol, 3- (4- Chlorophenoxy) -1,2-propanediol, 3-iodo-2-propynyl butyl carbamate, chlorhexidine, 3,4,4'-trichlorocarbonilide (TTC), antibacterial fragrances, thymol, thyme oil, eugenol, clove oil, menthol, mint oil, farnesol, Phenoxyethanol, glycerol monolaurate (GML), diglycerol monocaprinate (DMC), salicylic acid N-alkylamides such as B. salicylic acid-n-octylamide or salicylic acid-n-decylamide.  

Esterase inhibitors, for example, are suitable as enzyme inhibitors. This is before preferably around trialkyl citrates such as trimethyl citrate, tripropyl citrate, triisopropyl citrate, tributyl citrate and ins special triethyl citrate (Hydagen® CAT, Henkel KGaA, Düsseldorf / FRG). The substances inhibit the Enzyme activity and thereby reduce odor. Other substances that act as esterase inhibitors sterol sulfates or phosphates, such as lanosterol, cholesterol, Campesterin, stigmasterol and sitosterol sulfate or phosphate, dicarboxylic acids and their esters, such as for example glutaric acid, glutaric acid monoethyl ester, glutaric acid diethyl ester, adipic acid, adipine acid monoethyl ester, adipic acid diethyl ester, malonic acid and malonic acid diethyl ester, hydroxycarb non-acids and their esters such as citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid or tartaric acid diethyl ester, and zinc glycinate.

Suitable as odor absorbers are substances which absorb odor-forming compounds and are widely used can hold on. They lower the partial pressure of the individual components and thus reduce them also their speed of propagation. It is important that perfumes remain unaffected sen. Odor absorbers are not effective against bacteria. For example, they contain as The main ingredient is a complex zinc salt of ricinoleic acid or a special, largely odorless Fragrances known to the person skilled in the art as "fixators", such as, for. B. extracts of Labdanum or Sty rax or certain abietic acid derivatives. Fragrance agents or par act as odor maskers for, in addition to their function as odor maskers, the deodorants their respective Give fragrance. Perfume oils include, for example, mixtures of natural and synthetic table fragrances. Natural fragrances are extracts of flowers, stems and leaves, fruits, Fruit peels, roots, woods, herbs and grasses, needles and branches as well as resins and bal seeds. Animal raw materials, such as civet and castoreum, are also suitable. Ty Typical synthetic fragrance compounds are products of the ester, ether, aldehyde, Ke type clays, alcohols and hydrocarbons. Fragrance compounds of the ester type are e.g. B. Ben cyanoacetate, p-tert-butylcyclohexyl acetate, linalyl acetate, phenylethyl acetate, linalyl benzoate, benzyl formate, Allyl cyclohexyl propionate, styrallyl propionate and benzyl salicylate. The ethers include, for example Benzyl ethyl ether, to the aldehydes z. B. the linear alkanals with 8 to 18 carbon atoms, citral, Citronellal, Citronellyloxyacetaldehyde, Cyclamenaldehyde, Hydroxycitronellal, Lilial and Bourgeonal, too the ketones e.g. B. the Jonone and methyl cedryl ketone, to the alcohols anethole, citronellol, eugenol, Isoeugenol, geraniol, linalool, phenylethyl alcohol and terpineol, belong to the hydrocarbons mainly the terpenes and balms. However, mixtures of different scents are preferred substances that together create an appealing fragrance. Essential oils also low Rer volatility, which are mostly used as aroma components, are suitable as perfume oils, for. B. Sage oil, chamomile oil, clove oil, lemon balm oil, mint oil, cinnamon leaf oil, linden blossom oil, juniper berry oil, Vetiver oil, oliban oil, galbanum oil, labdanum oil and lavandin oil. Bergamot oil, Dihydromyrcenol, lilial, lyral, citronellol, phenylethyl alcohol, α-hexylcinnamaldehyde, geraniol, benzyl acetone, cyclamenaldehyde, linalool, boisambrene forte, ambroxan, indole, hedione, sandelice, citro  nenoil, mandarin oil, orange oil, allylamyl glycolate, cyclover valley, lavandin oil, muscatel sage oil, β-Damascone, geranium oil bourbon, cyclohexyl salicylate, Vertofix Coeur, Iso-E-Super, Fixolide NP, Evernyl, iraldein gamma, phenylacetic acid, geranyl acetate, benzyl acetate, rose oxide, romilate, irotyl and Floramat used alone or in mixtures.

Antiperspirants (antiperspirants) reduce sweat formation by influencing the activity of the eccrine sweat glands and thus counteract armpit wetness and body odor. Aqueous or anhydrous formulations of antiperspirants typically contain the following ingredients:

• - astringent active ingredients,
• - oil components,
• - nonionic emulsifiers,
• - co-emulsifiers,
• - consistency giver,
• - auxiliaries such. B. thickeners or complexing agents and / or
• - non-aqueous solvents such as As ethanol, propylene glycol and / or glycerin.

Salts of aluminum and zirconium are particularly suitable as astringent antiperspirant active ingredients or zinc. Such suitable antiperspirant active ingredients are e.g. B. aluminum chloride, Aluminum chlorohydrate, aluminum dichlorohydrate, aluminum sesquichlorohydrate and their complex compound dung z. B. with propylene glycol-1,2. Aluminum hydroxyallantoinate, aluminum chloride tartrate, aluminum Zirconium trichlorohydrate, aluminum zirconium tetrachlorohydrate, aluminum zirconium pentachlo crude hydrate and their complex compounds z. B. with amino acids such as glycine.

In addition, conventional oil-soluble and water-soluble auxiliaries can be present in smaller amounts in antiperspirants. Such oil-soluble aids can e.g. B. be:

• - anti-inflammatory, skin-protecting or fragrant essential oils,
• - synthetic skin-protecting agents and / or
• - oil-soluble perfume oils.

Usual water-soluble additives are e.g. B. preservatives, water-soluble fragrances, pH value Adjusting means, e.g. B. buffer mixtures, water-soluble thickeners, e.g. B. water-soluble natural or synthetic polymers such as B. xanthan gum, hydroxyethyl cellulose, polyvinyl pyrrolidone or high molecular weight polyethylene oxides.

As anti-dandruff agents, Octopirox® (1-hydroxy-4-methyl-6- (2,4,4-trimythylpentyl) -2- (1H) -pyri don-monoethanolamine salt), Baypival, piroctone olamine, Ketoconazol®, 4-acetyl-1 - {- 4- [2- (2.4-dichlor phenyl) r-2- (1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl) -1,3-dioxylan-c-4-ylmethoxyphenyl} piperazine, selenium disulfide, Schwe  fel colloidal, sulfur polyethylene glycol sorbitan monooleate, sulfur ricinole polyhexylate, sulfur tar Distillates, salicylic acid (or in combination with hexachlorophene), undexylenic acid monoethanolamide Sulfosuccinate Na salt, Lamepon® UD protein undecylenic acid condensate, zinc pyrethione, aluminum pyrition and magnesium pyrithione / dipyrithione magnesium sulfate are used.

Common film formers are, for example, chitosan, microcrystalline chitosan, quaternized Chitosan, polyvinylpyrrolidone, vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymers, polymers of acrylic acid series, quaternary cellulose derivatives, collagen, hyaluronic acid or its salts and similar compounds fertilize.

Montmorillonite, clay minerals, pemulene and alkyl can be used as swelling agents for aqueous phases modified carbopol types (Goodrich) are used. Other suitable polymers or swelling agents can the overview by R. Lochhead in Cosm. Toil. 108, 95 (1993).

Under UV light protection factors are to be understood, for example, liquid or crystalline organic substances (light protection filters) at room temperature, which are able to absorb ultraviolet rays and absorb the energy in the form of longer-wave radiation, e.g. B. to give off heat like that. UVB filters can be oil-soluble or water-soluble. As oil-soluble substances such. B. To name:

• - 3-benzylidene camphor or 3-benzylidene norcampher and its derivatives, e.g. B. 3- (4-Methylbenzy liden) camphor as described in EP 06 93 471 B1;
• 4-aminobenzoic acid derivatives, preferably 2-ethylhexyl 4- (dimethylamino) benzoate, 4- (dimethylamino) benzoic acid 2-octyl ester and 4- (dimethylamino) benzoic acid amyl ester;
• - Esters of cinnamic acid, preferably 2-ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate, 4-methoxycinnamate pro pylester, 4-methoxycinnamic acid isamyl ester 2-cyano-3,3-phenylcinnamic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester (Octo crylene);
• - Esters of salicylic acid, preferably salicylic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester, salicylic acid 4-isopropylbene methyl ester, salicylic acid homomethyl ester;
• - Derivatives of benzophenone, preferably 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-me thoxy-4'-methylbenzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone;
• - Esters of benzalmalonic acid, preferably di-2-ethylhexyl 4-methoxybenzmalonate;
• - Triazine derivatives, such as. B. 2,4,6-Trianilino- (p-carbo-2'-ethyl-1'-hexyloxy) -1,3,5-triazine and octyl tria zone as described in EP 0818450 A1 or dioctyl butamido triazone (Uvasorb® HEB);
• Propane-1,3-diones, such as e.g. B. 1- (4-tert-Butylphenyl) -3- (4'-methoxyphenyl) propane-1,3-dione;
• - Ketotricyclo (5.2.1.0) decane derivatives, as described in EP 0694521 B1.

Possible water-soluble substances are:

• - 2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid and its alkali, alkaline earth, ammonium, alkylammonium, Alkanolammonium and glucammonium salts;
• - Sulfonic acid derivatives of benzophenones, preferably 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulfonic acid and its salts;
• - Sulfonic acid derivatives of 3-benzylidene camphor, such as. B. 4- (2-Oxo-3-bornylidenemethyl) benzene sulfonic acid and 2-methyl-5- (2-oxo-3-bornylidene) sulfonic acid and its salts.

Derivatives of benzoylmethane, such as, for example, are particularly suitable as typical UV-A filters wise 1- (4'-tert-butylphenyl) -3- (4'-methoxyphenyl) propane-1,3-dione, 4-tert-butyl-4'-methoxydibenzoyl methane (Parsol 1789), 1-phenyl-3- (4'-isopropylphenyl) propane-1,3-dione and enamine compounds, as described in DE 197 12 033 A1 (BASF). The UV-A and UV-B filters can of course can also be used in mixtures. In addition to the soluble substances mentioned come for this Purpose also insoluble light protection pigments, namely finely dispersed metal oxides or salts in question. Examples of suitable metal oxides are, in particular, zinc oxide and titanium dioxide and, in addition, oxides of iron, zirconium, silicon, manganese, aluminum and cerium as well as their mixtures. As salts Silicates (talc), barium sulfate or zinc stearate can be used. The oxides and salts are in the form of pigments for skin-care and skin-protecting emulsions and decorative cosmetics used. The particles should preferably have an average diameter of less than 100 nm have between 5 and 50 nm and in particular between 15 and 30 nm. You can ... a have a spherical shape, but it is also possible to use particles which have a have an ellipsoidal shape or a shape other than the spherical shape. The Pig elements can also be surface treated, i. H. are hydrophilized or hydrophobized. Typical Examples are coated titanium dioxide, such as. B. Titanium dioxide T805 (Degussa) or Eusolex® T2000 (Merck). Silicones and, in particular, trials are the main hydrophobic coating agents koxyoctylsilane or Simethicone in question. So-called Mi are preferred in sunscreens Cro- or nanopigments used. Micronized zinc oxide is preferably used. Further Suitable UV light protection filters can be found in the overview by P. Finkel in SÖFW-Journal 122, 543 (1996) remove.

In addition to the two aforementioned groups of primary light stabilizers, secondary light stabilizers of the antioxidant type can also be used, which interrupt the photochemical reaction chain which is triggered when UV radiation penetrates the skin. Typical examples are amino acids (e.g. glycine, histidine, tyrosine, tryptophan) and their derivatives, imidazoles (e.g. urocanic acid) and their derivatives, peptides such as D, L-carnosine, D-carnosine, L-carnosine and their derivatives (e.g. anserine), carotenoids, carotenes (e.g. α-carotene, β-carotene, lycopene) and their derivatives, chlorogenic acid and its derivatives, lipoic acid and its derivatives (e.g. dihydroliponic acid), Auro thioglucose, propylthiouracil and other thiols (e.g. thioredoxin, glutathione, cysteine, cystine, cystamine and their glycosyl, N-acetyl, methyl, ethyl, propyl, amyl, butyl and lauryl, palmitoyl) , Oleyl, γ-linoleyl, cholesteryl and glyceryl esters) and their salts, dilauryl thiodipropionate, distearyl thiodipropionate, thiodipropionic acid and their derivatives (esters, ethers, peptides, lipids, nucleotides, nucleosides and salts) and sulfoximine compounds (e.g. buthioninsulfoxim , Homocysteine sulfoximine, Butionin sulfone, Penta-, Hexa-, Heptathioninsulfoximi n) in very low tolerable doses (e.g. B. pmol to µmol / kg), further (metal) chelators (e.g. α-hydroxy fatty acids, palmitic acid, phytic acid, lac toferrin), α-hydroxy acids (e.g. citric acid, lactic acid, malic acid), humic acid, bile acid , Biliary extracts, bilirubin, biliverdin, EDTA, EGTA and their derivatives, unsaturated fatty acids and their derivatives (e.g. γ-linolenic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid), folic acid and its derivatives, ubiquinone and ubiquinol and their derivatives, vitamin C and derivatives (e.g. ascorbyl palmitate, Mg ascorbyl phosphate, ascorbyl acetate), tocopherols and derivatives (e.g. vitamin E acetate), vitamin A and derivatives (vitamin A palmitate) and coniferyl benzoate of benzoin, rutinic acid and its derivatives, α-Glycosylrutin, ferulic acid, furfurylidene glucitol, carnosine, butylated hydroxytoluene, butylated hydroxyanisole, nordihydroguajak resin acid, nordihydroguajaretic acid, trihydroxybutyrophenone, uric acid and its derivatives, man nose and its derivatives, superoxide dismutase, zinc ate (e.g. ZnO, ZnSO ₄ ) selenium and its derivatives (e.g. B. selenium methionine), stilbenes and their derivatives (z. B. stilbene oxide, trans-style benoxid) and the derivatives suitable according to the invention (salts, esters, ethers, sugars, nucleotides, nucleosides, peptides and lipids) of these active ingredients.

To improve the flow behavior, hydrotropes such as ethanol, isopropyl alcohol or polyols can also be used. Polyols that come into consideration here preferably have 2 to 15 carbon atoms and at least two hydroxyl groups. The polyols can also contain further functional groups, in particular amino groups, or be modified with nitrogen. Typical examples are

• - glycerin;
• Alkylene glycols, such as, for example, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, Hexylene glycol and polyethylene glycols with an average molecular weight of 100 to 1,000 daltons;
• - Technical oligoglycerol mixtures with a degree of self-condensation of 1.5 to 10 such as technical diglycerol mixtures with a diglycerol content of 40 to 50% by weight;
• Methyl compounds, such as in particular trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolbutane, Pentaerythritol and dipentaerythritol;
• - Lower alkyl glucosides, especially those with 1 to 8 carbons in the alkyl radical, such as wise methyl and butyl glucoside;
• Sugar alcohols with 5 to 12 carbon atoms, such as sorbitol or mannitol,
• - Sugar with 5 to 12 carbon atoms, such as glucose or sucrose;
• - aminosugars such as glucamine;
• - Dialcohol amines, such as diethanolamine or 2-amino-1,3-propanediol.

Suitable preservatives are, for example, phenoxyethanol, formaldehyde solution, para benzene, pentanediol or sorbic acid as well as those in Appendix 6, Parts A and B of the Cosmetics Regulation led further substance classes. As insect repellents there are N, N-diethyl-m-toluamide, 1,2- Pentanediol or ethyl butylacetylaminopropionate in question, dihydroxy is suitable as a self-tanner acetone. As tyrosine inhibitors that prevent the formation of melanin and use in depigmas Finding agents come, for example, arbutin, kojic acid, coumaric acid and ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) in question.

Perfume oils include mixtures of natural and synthetic fragrances. Natural Fragrance substances are extracts of flowers (lily, lavender, rose, jasmine, neroli, ylang-ylang), stems and leaves (geranium, patchouli, petitgrain), fruits (anise, coriander, caraway, juniper), fruit peel (bergamot, lemon, oranges), roots (mace, angelica, celery, cardamom, costus, iris, Calmus), woods (pine, sandal, guaiac, cedar, rosewood), herbs and grasses (tarragon, Lemongrass, sage, thyme), needles and twigs (spruce, fir, pine, mountain pine), resins and bal seeds (galbanum, elemi, benzoin, myrrh, olibanum, opoponax). Furthermore animal raw come substances in question, such as civet and castoreum. Typical synthetic fragrance compounds gen are products of the ester, ether, aldehyde, ketone, alcohol and hydrocarbon type. Fragrance compounds of the ester type are e.g. B. benzyl acetate, phenoxyethyl isobutyrate, p-tert-Bu tylcyclohexyl acetate, linalyl acetate, dimethylbenzylcarbinylacetate, phenylethyl acetate, linalyl benzoate, Benzyl formate, ethyl methylphenyl glycinate, allyl cyclohexyl propionate, styrallyl propionate and benzylsa licylate. The ethers include, for example, benzyl ethyl ether, the aldehydes z. B. the linear Alka nals with 8 to 18 carbon atoms, citral, citronellal, citronellyloxyacetaldehyde, cyclamenaldehyde, Hydroxycitronellal, Lilial and Bourgeonal, to the ketones z. B. the Jonone, α-isomethylionon and Me thylcedryl ketone, to the alcohols anethole, citronellol, eugenol, isoeugenol, geraniol, linalool, pheny ethyl alcohol and terpineol, the hydrocarbons mainly include terpenes and bal same. However, preference is given to using mixtures of different fragrances that work together generate an appealing fragrance. Also essential oils of lower volatility, mostly as an aro Mac components are used as perfume oils, e.g. B. sage oil, chamomile oil, clove oil, Lemon balm oil, mint oil, cinnamon leaf oil, linden blossom oil, juniper berry oil, vetiver oil, oliban oil, galbanu mole, labolanum oil and lavandin oil. Bergamot oil, dihydromyrcenol, lilial, lyral, Citronellol, phenylethyl alcohol, α-hexyl cinnamaldehyde, geraniol, benzylacetone, cyclamenaldehyde, Lina lool, boisambrene forte, ambroxan, indole, hedione, sandelice, lemon oil, mandarin oil, orange oil, Allylamyl glycolate, cyclover valley, lavandin oil, muscatel sage oil, β-damascone, geranium oil bourbon, Cyclohexyl salicylate, Vertofix Coeur, Iso-E-Super, Fixolide NP, Evernyl, Iraldein gamma, phenylacetic acid acid, geranyl acetate, benzyl acetate, rose oxide, romillate, irotyl and floramate alone or in mixtures gene, used.  

As dyes, the substances suitable and approved for cosmetic purposes can be used be used, such as the dye in the publication "Cosmetic Colorants" Commission of the German Research Foundation, Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, 1984, pp. 81-106 are put together. These dyes are usually used in concentrations from 0.001 to 0.1% by weight, based on the mixture as a whole.

The total proportion of auxiliaries and additives can be 1 to 50, preferably 5 to 40% by weight on the middle - amount. The agents can be produced by customary cold or hot processes gene; the phase inversion temperature method is preferably used.

Examples 1) Aqueous slurry of magnesium oxide (magnesium oxide slurry)

The sulfonation product is neutralized by means of a slurry of magnesium oxide, in particular by means of a slurry of a combination of magnesium oxide and sodium hydroxide solution. For this purpose, the magnesium oxide was placed in water or in an aqueous solution with sodium hydroxide solution (Examples 1 to 5) and stirred for an hour. The advantage of a combination of magnesium oxide with additional small amounts of an alkali hydroxide is that the stability or the flowability of the magnesium oxide slurry is improved (0 = dispersion is viscous, 1 = dis persion is practically not flowable, 2 = dispersion is thin). Examples 2 to 5 illustrate this special effect.

Table 1

Magnesium oxide slurry (quantities in% by weight)

2) Sulfation of the fatty alcohol / fatty alcohol ethoxylate mixture

A mixture of 700 kg (3.5 kMol) C _12/14 coconut oil alcohol (Lorol® special, from Cognis) and 1870 kg (6.5 kMol) C _12/14 coconut oil alcohol + 2 EO ( Dehydol® LS 2, Cognis) submitted at 45 ° C. 840 kg (10.5 kmol) of gaseous sulfur trioxide was introduced into this mixture within 4 hours. The crude sulfation product was then neutralized with the magnesium oxide slurry 2 according to the invention according to Table 1. The resulting mixture was in the form of a flowable, alkaline paste (pH (3%) = 10.5). The procedure A to C was then followed.

a) Description of the packaging (method A)

The crude sulfation product was collected in a 5 m ³ assembly container with an anchor stirrer. At 45 ° C, the majority of the excess magnesium oxide was dissolved using sulfuric acid (20%). The resulting pH was (3%) 8.5. Then 30 kg of lactic acid were added, which resulted in a pH (3%) of 3.5. This was kept at 45 ° C. for a period of 12 hours to dissolve the remaining magnesium oxide. After the magnesium oxide had completely dissolved, the product was discontinued. For this purpose, a solution of NaOH (10%) was added slowly and in portions to the container, so that the rotating anchor stirrer immediately stirred the amount of alkali into the paste. It was ensured by constant pH control that the alkalinity of the total batch never rose above pH (3%) 6. After the pH of the paste had remained constant for over an hour after the last NaOH addition, the goods were subjected to a quality control.

A mixture of 20% of this paste in water showed a clear turbidity.

This turbidity can be caused by acidification (to pH = 2-3) in the course of a confection Prepared preparations are dissolved.

b) Description of the packaging (method B)

The crude sulfation product was collected in a 5 m ³ assembly container with anchor stirrer and homogenizer (intensive stirrer). The majority of the excess magnesium oxide was dissolved at 45 ° C. using sulfuric acid (20%). The resulting pH was (3%) 8.5. Then 30 kg of lactic acid were added, which resulted in a pH (3%) of 3.5. This was kept at 45 ° C. for a period of 12 hours to dissolve the remaining magnesium oxide. After the magnesium oxide had completely dissolved, the product was finally set. For this purpose, a solution of NaOH (10%) was added slowly and in portions to the container so that the homogenizer immediately stirred the amount of alkali into the paste. It was ensured by constant pH control that the alkalinity of the total batch never rose above pH (3%) 6. After the pH of the paste had remained constant for over an hour after the last NaOH addition, the goods were subjected to a quality control. A mixture of 20% of this paste in water showed a clear solution.

c) Description of the assembly (method C)

The crude sulfation product was collected in a 5 m ³ assembly container with anchor stirrer; this container was additionally provided with a bypass, through which the paste from the lower region of the container was pumped upwards back into the container via a homogenizer ("Supraton"). The acid and base were then added to the pump head of the homogenizer, which thus made it possible to directly disperse the added solutions. The resulting pH in the bypass behind the homogenizer was also measured. The majority of the excess magnesium oxide was dissolved at 45 ° C. using sulfuric acid (20% strength); the resulting pH was pH (3%): 8.5. Then 30 kg of lactic acid were added, which resulted in a pH (3%) of 3.5. This was kept at 45 ° C. for a period of 12 hours to dissolve the remaining magnesium oxide. After the magnesium oxide had completely dissolved, the product was discontinued. For this purpose, a solution of NaOH (10%) was slowly and continuously added to the bypass that the pH in the bypass did not rise above a value of pH (3%) 8. In addition, constant pH control ensured that the alkalinity of the overall batch never rose above pH (3%) 6. After the pH of the paste - after the last NaOH addition - remained constant for over 1 hour, the goods were subjected to a quality control.

A mixture of 20% of this paste in water showed a clear solution.

The magnesium ether sulfate pastes according to the invention show good emulsifying and foaming properties The following tables give examples of their use in cleaning agents and cosmetics metallic preparations again.

Table 2

Detergent (amounts in% by weight - based on the active substance -)

Table 3

Hair cosmetic preparation (amounts in% by weight - based on the active substance)

Claims (11)

1. Magnesium (ether) sulfate pastes with a solids content of at least 30 wt .-%, thereby available that sulfated fatty alcohols and / or fatty alcohol ethoxylates, (II) the resulting Sulfated product with an aqueous slurry of magnesium base added (III) finally the magnesium base still contained in the resulting paste by adding a Acid neutralized to a pH of 2 to 5 (IV) and ultimately with bases on one Adjust pH below 7. 2. Process for the preparation of magnesium (ether) sulfate pastes, characterized in that one sulfates (I) fatty alcohols and / or fatty alcohol ethoxylates, (II) the resulting sulfation tion product mixed with an aqueous slurry of magnesium base, (III) then the magnesium base still contained in the resulting paste by adding an acid to neutralized to a pH of 2 to 5 (IV) and ultimately with bases to a pH un set below 7. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that besides for more intensive stirring the usual agitator of the assembly container an additional homogenizer puts. 4. Process according to claims 2 and / or 3, characterized in that fatty alcohols of the formula (I) are used,
R ¹ OH (I)
in which R ^{1 represents} a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms. 5. The method according to at least one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that fatty alcohol ethoxylates of the formula (II) are used,
R ² O (CH ₂ CH ₂ O) _n H (II)
in which R ^{2 represents} an alkyl and / or alkenyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms and n represents numbers from 1 to 10. 6. The method according to at least one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that uses an aqueous slurry of 10 to 50% by weight magnesium oxide. 7. The method according to at least one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that an aqueous slurry of 25 to 35 weight percent magnesium oxide and 0.1 to 15 weight percent alkali base - based on the final concentration of the aqueous slurry - is used. 8. The method according to at least one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that one Magnesium oxide by adding an inorganic acid up to a pH of 2 to 5 new tralized. 9. The method according to at least one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that one Magnesium oxide by adding an inorganic acid up to a pH of 7 to 10 and then neutralized with an organic acid to a pH of 2 to 5. 10. The method according to at least one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that neutralizes the magnesium oxide by adding sulfuric acid and lactic acid. 11. Use of magnesium (ether) sulfate pastes according to claim 1 for the production of surface active preparations.