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DE19930930A1 - Polder sludge draining process renders lagoon fit for agricultural use and water fit for release at low cost - Google Patents

Polder sludge draining process renders lagoon fit for agricultural use and water fit for release at low cost

Info

Publication number
DE19930930A1
DE19930930A1 DE19930930A DE19930930A DE19930930A1 DE 19930930 A1 DE19930930 A1 DE 19930930A1 DE 19930930 A DE19930930 A DE 19930930A DE 19930930 A DE19930930 A DE 19930930A DE 19930930 A1 DE19930930 A1 DE 19930930A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
water
polder
sludge
sediment
polders
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
DE19930930A
Other languages
German (de)
Other versions
DE19930930C2 (en
Inventor
Eva-Maria Scharf
Stefan Sandrock
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BIOPLAN INST fur ANGEWANDTE B
Original Assignee
BIOPLAN INST fur ANGEWANDTE B
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19846358A external-priority patent/DE19846358A1/en
Application filed by BIOPLAN INST fur ANGEWANDTE B filed Critical BIOPLAN INST fur ANGEWANDTE B
Priority to DE19930930A priority Critical patent/DE19930930C2/en
Publication of DE19930930A1 publication Critical patent/DE19930930A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE19930930C2 publication Critical patent/DE19930930C2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F7/00—Fertilisers from waste water, sewage sludge, sea slime, ooze or similar masses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/0012—Settling tanks making use of filters, e.g. by floating layers of particulate material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/0039—Settling tanks provided with contact surfaces, e.g. baffles, particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/0039—Settling tanks provided with contact surfaces, e.g. baffles, particles
    • B01D21/0045—Plurality of essentially parallel plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/0039—Settling tanks provided with contact surfaces, e.g. baffles, particles
    • B01D21/0066—Settling tanks provided with contact surfaces, e.g. baffles, particles with a meandering flow pattern of liquid or solid particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2221/00—Applications of separation devices
    • B01D2221/06—Separation devices for industrial food processing or agriculture
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

A process de-waters sludge from standing waters especially lagoons. The lagoon sludge is sub-divided into a higher rinse polder zone and a lower rinse polder zone, allowing water to drain steadily from high to low on a quasi-continuous basis, and the steady removal of sludge. Each rinse polder is preferably 10 times longer than its width and has a gradient of preferably 0.5%. Water discharged from the rinse polder is admitted to the lower basin containing especially growing reeds which act as a biological filter. Before final release, treated water is subjected to the natural self-cleaning action of a waterway. Residual water is removed from sludge by wholly or partly covering the sludge with a material having strong suction properties. The suction material may be raised at one end by a post to form a 'sail', allowing the wind and sun to remove the water vapor which rises by capillary action.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein aus mehreren Stufen bestehendes Verfahren zur Entwässerung von Seesedimenten (insbesondere Seeschlamm), die bei der Sanierung von Standgewässern anfallen. Anwendungsgebiete der Erfindung sind der Umweltschutz und die Landwirtschaft.The invention relates to a multi-stage Process for the drainage of lake sediments (in particular Sea sludge) used in the rehabilitation of standing water attack. Areas of application of the invention are environmental protection and agriculture.

Das aus Gewässern zum Zwecke ihrer Sanierung oder Vertiefung entnommene Sediment-Wassergemisch wird gemäß dem derzeitigen Stand der Technik entweder in großflächigen Spülfeldern zur Trocknung abgelagert oder nach Einsatz von Flockungsmitteln mit technischen Hilfsmitteln (Pressen, Dekanter, Zentrifugen) entwässert. Beide Methoden bringen als Nebeneffekt nicht unerhebliche Belastungen der Umwelt mit sich.That from water for the purpose of rehabilitation or deepening withdrawn sediment-water mixture is according to the current State of the art either in large-area sinks Dried or deposited after using flocculants with technical aids (presses, decanters, centrifuges) drained. Both methods do not bring as a side effect negligible pollution of the environment.

Die Ablagerung in stationären Spülfeldern besitzt folgende Nachteile:
The deposit in stationary sinks has the following disadvantages:

  • - im Vergleich zur entnommenen Menge großer Flächenbedarf,- Compared to the amount removed, large space requirements,
  • - Vernichtung der ursprünglich vorhandenen Lebensgemein­ schaften,- Destruction of the originally existing living community create,
  • - eventuell langfristiger Nutzungsausfall auf den Flächen.- possibly long-term loss of use on the areas.

Die Nachteile der technischen Entwässerung bestehen in:
The disadvantages of technical drainage are:

  • - hoher Energiebedarf für die Trocknung,- high energy requirements for drying,
  • - großer Investitionsaufwand,- large investment,
  • - Belastung und Veränderung des Schlamms durch Flockungsmittel,- Stress and change in the sludge Flocculant,
  • - hoher Preis pro m3 (H. Klapper, Eutrophierung und Gewässerschutz, G. Fischer Verlag Jena/Stuttgart 1992).- high price per m 3 (H. Klapper, eutrophication and water protection, G. Fischer Verlag Jena / Stuttgart 1992).

Gewöhnlich wird bei beiden Methoden das Rücklaufwasser einer Nährstofffällung mit Aluminium- oder Eisensalzen unterzogen. Die in den Fällungssalzen als Verunreinigungen enthaltenen Schwermetallspuren stellen nach neuesten Erkenntnissen allerdings ihrerseits eine gewisse Gefährdung der Gewässerökosysteme dar.With both methods, the return water is usually one Nutrient precipitation with aluminum or iron salts. The contained in the precipitation salts as impurities Heavy metal traces represent the latest knowledge however in turn a certain risk to the Water ecosystems.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zu entwickeln, welches unter Ausnutzung natürlicher Gegebenheiten und einem weitgehenden Verzicht auf technische und chemische Hilfsmittel eine effektive und kostengünstige Möglichkeit zur Aufbereitung von Seesediment-Wassergemisch bis zu einer landwirtschaftlich oder im Landschaftsbau verwertbaren Qualität bietet.The invention is based on the object of a method develop which, using natural Conditions and largely dispensing with technical and chemical auxiliaries an effective and inexpensive Possibility to prepare sea sediment-water mixture up to an agricultural or landscaping offers usable quality.

Die Erfindung wird durch ein neues Verfahren gemäß den Ansprüchen realisiert.The invention is achieved by a new method according to the Claims realized.

Das Kernstück dieses Verfahrens besteht aus einer Kombination mehrerer schmaler, durchflossener, mit Strömungsleit­ einrichtungen versehener Spülpolder, die alternierend beschickt werden, so daß ein quasi-kontinuierlicher Spülbetrieb ermöglicht wird. In diesen, durch ein vorgegebenes Eigengefälle ständig durchflossenen Spülpoldern, wird aufgrund der Strömung eine effektive Klassierung und Entwässerung des Sediments erreicht (vgl. Abb. 1).The centerpiece of this method consists of a combination of several narrow, flowed-through rinsing polders provided with flow guiding devices, which are fed alternately, so that a quasi-continuous rinsing operation is made possible. Due to the current, the sediment is effectively classified and dewatered in these flushing polders, which are constantly flowed through by a predetermined gradient of their own (see Fig. 1).

Die einzelnen Spülpolder sind 7-15mal, bevorzugt 10mal, so lang wie breit. Eine in Betracht kommende Größe sind 60 m Länge und 6 m Breite.The individual flushing polders are 7-15 times, preferably 10 times, see above long as wide. A possible size is 60 m Length and 6 m width.

Die Spülpolder weisen ferner ein Gefälle von 0,3-2%, bevorzugt 0,5%, auf.The flushing polders also have a gradient of 0.3-2%, preferably 0.5%.

In einem zweiten Verfahrensschritt wird das über einen regulierbaren Stau ablaufende Wasser in durchflossenen bewachsenen Bodenfiltern weitgehend von Schwebstoffen befreit und in der Nährstofflast reduziert. In a second process step, this is done using a adjustable water drainage in flowing overgrown soil filters largely free of suspended matter and reduced in nutrient load.  

Die weitere Aufreinigung vor der Einleitung des Rücklaufwassers in das jeweilige Gewässer übernimmt dann nach einem zusätzlichen Beruhigungs-/Absetzbecken unter Ausnutzung des natürlichen Selbstreinigungsvermögens ein mit Pflanzen bewachsener, möglichst natürlicher Wasserlauf.The further purification before the initiation of the Return water into the respective body of water then takes over an additional calming / settling pool under utilization of natural self-cleaning ability with plants overgrown, natural watercourse.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante des Verfahrens wird die Schlammoberfläche zur Beschleunigung der natürlichen Schlammtrocknung mit einem saugfähigen, porösen Material teilweise oder vollständig abgedeckt. Insbesondere handelt es sich bei den saugfähigen Materialien um an sich übliche natürliche oder synthetische Polymere und Copolymere sowie Cellulosen, wie z. B. Planen/Textilien/Geweben/Tücher aus Polyamiden, Polyesterfasern oder Polyacrylnitrilfasern bzw. Baumwolle, oder auch um Gele, wie z. B. Polyacrylamid-Gele.In a preferred embodiment variant of the method the mud surface to accelerate the natural Sludge drying with an absorbent, porous material partially or fully covered. In particular, it is about absorbent materials are customary natural or synthetic polymers and copolymers as well Celluloses such as B. tarpaulin / textiles / fabrics / cloths Polyamides, polyester fibers or polyacrylonitrile fibers or Cotton, or also gels, such as B. Polyacrylamide gels.

Besonders bevorzugt wird das saugfähige Material mit einem überstehenden Teil dieses Materials als zusätzliche Verdunstungsfläche über dem eigentlichen Schlammbeet/Polder exponiert in Wind und Sonne angebracht (Schlammsegel, vgl. Abb. 2). Durch die gezielte Anordnung der Materialien mit unterschiedlichen Kapillargrößen, die den gegebenen äußeren Verhältnissen angepaßt sind, werden die Saugspannung und Steighöhe für das zu entziehende Wasser und damit die potentielle Verdunstungsfläche erhöht. Mit dieser erfindungsgemäßen Variante kann die Trocknungsgeschwindigkeit mindestens auf das Dreifache erhöht werden.The absorbent material with a protruding part of this material is particularly preferably applied as an additional evaporation surface above the actual mud bed / polders exposed to wind and sun (mud sail, see Fig. 2). Through the targeted arrangement of the materials with different capillary sizes, which are adapted to the given external conditions, the suction tension and height of rise for the water to be extracted and thus the potential evaporation surface are increased. With this variant according to the invention, the drying speed can be increased at least three times.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist umweltfreundlich (keine Fällungs-/Flockungsmittel, relativ geringer Flächenbedarf) und hat darüberhinaus noch den großen Vorteil, daß die m3- Preise für die Aufarbeitung gemäß dem Stand der Technik auf ca. ein Viertel gesenkt werden können.The process according to the invention is environmentally friendly (no precipitants / flocculants, relatively small area requirement) and moreover has the great advantage that the m 3 prices for processing according to the prior art can be reduced to about a quarter.

Claims (8)

1. Verfahren zur umweltverträglichen Aufbereitung von Seesediment-Wassergemischen zur landwirtschaftlichen Verwertung und zur Verwendung im Landschaftsbau, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Seesediment-Wassergemische alternierend durch ein oder mehrere parallel angeordnete durchflossene Spülpolder mit einem definierten Gefälle geführt werden und dabei ein quasi-kontinuierlicher Spülbetrieb und eine Sedimententnahme ohne Unterbrechung der Sedimentförderung erfolgt.1. A process for the environmentally compatible processing of lake sediment-water mixtures for agricultural use and for use in landscaping, characterized in that the lake sediment-water mixtures are alternately passed through one or more parallel flushing polders with a defined gradient and thereby a quasi-continuous flushing operation and sediment is removed without interrupting sediment production. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die einzelnen Spülpolder 7-15mal, bevorzugt 10mal, so lang wie breit sind.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the individual rinsing polders 7-15 times, preferably 10 times, as long as are wide. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Spülpolder ein Gefälle von 0,3-2%, bevorzugt 0,5%, aufweisen.3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the Rinsing polder a gradient of 0.3-2%, preferably 0.5%, exhibit. 4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine effektive Entwässerung und Klassierung des Sediments in den Spülpoldern durch ständigen Wasserdurchfluß erfolgt.4. The method according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that effective drainage and classification of the sediment in the rinsing polders by constant water flow. 5. Verfahren nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das aus den Spülpoldern abfließende Wasser in durchflossenen, bewachsenen Bodenfiltern weitgehend von Schwebstoffen befreit und in der Nähstofflast reduziert wird.5. The method according to claims 1 to 4, characterized characterized in that the flowing out of the flushing polders Water in flowed, overgrown soil filters largely Free from suspended matter and reduced in the nutrient load becomes. 6. Verfahren nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für die endgültige Aufreinigung des Rücklaufwassers vor Einleitung in das Oberflächengewässer das natürliche Selbstreinigungspotential eines natürlichen oder naturnahen Wasserlaufs genutzt wird. 6. The method according to claims 1 to 5, characterized characterized in that for the final purification of the Return water before discharge into the surface water natural self-cleaning potential of a natural or near-natural watercourse is used.   7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schlammoberfläche mit einem stark saugfähigen Material ganz oder teilweise abgedeckt wird.7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized characterized that the mud surface with a strong absorbent material is completely or partially covered. 8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein überstehender Teil des saugfähigen Materials als zusätzliche Verdunstungsfläche über dem eigentlichen Schlammbeet/Polder exponiert in Wind und Sonne angebracht wird, wobei die Kapillargrößen unterschiedlich, den jeweiligen äußeren Bedingungen angepaßt sind.8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that a protruding part of the absorbent material as an additional Evaporation surface above the actual mud bed / polder exposed in wind and sun, the Capillary sizes differ, the respective outer Conditions are adjusted.
DE19930930A 1998-07-06 1999-07-06 Process for the drainage of lake sediments Expired - Fee Related DE19930930C2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19930930A DE19930930C2 (en) 1998-07-06 1999-07-06 Process for the drainage of lake sediments

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19831445 1998-07-06
DE19836552 1998-07-10
DE19846358A DE19846358A1 (en) 1998-07-06 1998-10-08 Environmentally acceptable dewatering of open water sediments for agricultural use and construction
DE19930930A DE19930930C2 (en) 1998-07-06 1999-07-06 Process for the drainage of lake sediments

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE19930930A1 true DE19930930A1 (en) 2000-05-04
DE19930930C2 DE19930930C2 (en) 2002-03-28

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DE19930930A Expired - Fee Related DE19930930C2 (en) 1998-07-06 1999-07-06 Process for the drainage of lake sediments

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10059076A1 (en) * 2000-11-28 2002-06-06 Rag Ag Process for dewatering slurries, preferably from flotation units in coal mines, comprises using at least two sedimentation tanks having the same volume

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6764600B2 (en) 2002-07-18 2004-07-20 Environmental Vision 21, Ltd. Lagoon for hog waste and the method of treatment thereof

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3407475C2 (en) * 1984-02-29 1995-08-31 Plochingen Neckarhafen Process for the treatment of washed-up earth material extracted from water
DE3622806C2 (en) * 1986-07-07 1996-02-15 Plochingen Neckarhafen Process for the preparation of washed-up earth material extracted from water and device for carrying out the process
DE19726899C2 (en) * 1996-07-09 1999-07-08 Hirdes Gmbh Heinrich Process for field drainage of harbor silt

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10059076A1 (en) * 2000-11-28 2002-06-06 Rag Ag Process for dewatering slurries, preferably from flotation units in coal mines, comprises using at least two sedimentation tanks having the same volume
DE10059076B4 (en) * 2000-11-28 2005-10-06 Rag Ag Sludge beds for dewatering flotation mine discharges

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Publication number Publication date
DE19930930C2 (en) 2002-03-28

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