DE19923171A1 - Mobilization of heavy metal, metalloid and actinide elements, used for reducing pollution in soil, sediment, deposits and water-purification slurry, involves treating substrate with non-oxidizing gas in presence of water and reducing agent - Google Patents
Mobilization of heavy metal, metalloid and actinide elements, used for reducing pollution in soil, sediment, deposits and water-purification slurry, involves treating substrate with non-oxidizing gas in presence of water and reducing agentInfo
- Publication number
- DE19923171A1 DE19923171A1 DE1999123171 DE19923171A DE19923171A1 DE 19923171 A1 DE19923171 A1 DE 19923171A1 DE 1999123171 DE1999123171 DE 1999123171 DE 19923171 A DE19923171 A DE 19923171A DE 19923171 A1 DE19923171 A1 DE 19923171A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- water
- substrate
- elements
- substrates
- oxidizing gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 229910052752 metalloid Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 150000002738 metalloids Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 229910052768 actinide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 4
- 150000001255 actinides Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 4
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 title claims description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 title 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002835 noble gases Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 232Th Chemical compound [232Th] ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052776 Thorium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003916 acid precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- DNYWZCXLKNTFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium Chemical compound [U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U] DNYWZCXLKNTFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/02—Extraction using liquids, e.g. washing, leaching, flotation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung beschreibt ein Verfahren zur Freisetzung von schwerlöslichen Metalloid- und Schwermetallverbindungen aus Böden und Sedimenten.The invention describes a method for the release of sparingly soluble Metalloid and heavy metal compounds from soils and sediments.
Dabei handelt es sich um Metalloide, vorzugsweise Arsen, Antimon und Selen sowie um Schwermetalle, vorzugsweise Nickel, Cadmium, Kupfer, Blei, Quecksilber und Actiniden wie Uran und Thorium.These are metalloids, preferably arsenic, antimony and selenium as well around heavy metals, preferably nickel, cadmium, copper, lead, mercury and Actinides such as uranium and thorium.
Ein herkömmliches Verfahren zur Erdreichreinigung ist z. B. die Wäsche unter Zuhilfenahme von Tensiden. Dabei werden in der Regel die o. g. Elemente als schwerlösliche Verbindungen in der Schlammphase angereichert, die aus diesem Grunde meist als Sonderabfall behandelt oder deponiert werden muß.A conventional method for soil cleaning is e.g. B. the laundry under Using surfactants. As a rule, the above-mentioned Elements as poorly soluble compounds in the sludge phase enriched from this Basically mostly has to be treated as special waste or landfilled.
Auch geogen oder anthropogen bedingt existieren Böden und Ablagerungen, in denen Schwermetalle und Metalloide als schwerlösliche Verbindungen festgelegt sind. Geringfügige Änderungen, z. B. pH-Wert-Veränderungen durch sauren Regen, können diese Metalle oder Metalloide mobilisieren. Daher stellen diese Böden und Ablagerungen eine latente Gefahr für die Umwelt dar.Soils and deposits also exist in geogenic or anthropogenic conditions Heavy metals and metalloids are defined as poorly soluble compounds. Minor changes, e.g. B. pH changes due to acid rain mobilize these metals or metalloids. Therefore, these floors and Deposits pose a latent danger to the environment.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1 bis 13 stellt eine wirtschaftliche Möglichkeit zur Entfernung dieser Substanzen aus Substraten, vorzugsweise Böden, Sedimente, Ablagerungen oder Wasserreinigungsschlämme, dar.The inventive method according to claims 1 to 13 represents an economical Possibility to remove these substances from substrates, preferably soils, Sediments, deposits or water purification sludges.
Nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren werden die o. g. Zielelemente (Schwermetalle und/oder Metalloide) durch die Behandlung mit Gasphasen in Gegenwart von Reduktionsmitteln aus ihrer schwerlöslichen Bindungsform freigesetzt. Dies gelingt überraschenderweise hinreichend quantitativ.According to the inventive method, the above-mentioned. Target elements (Heavy metals and / or metalloids) by treatment with gas phases in Presence of reducing agents from their poorly soluble binding form released. Surprisingly, this is sufficiently quantitative.
Als Gasphasen können reduzierende Gase oder Gasgemische, vorzugsweise bestehend aus Wasserstoff, Methan, Kohlendioxid, Rauchgas, Wasserstoff-Stickstoff-Gemischen, Gemische von Stickstoff mit gasförmigen organischen Verbindungen, vorzugsweise Methan eingesetzt werden.Reducing gases or gas mixtures can preferably exist as gas phases from hydrogen, methane, carbon dioxide, flue gas, Hydrogen-nitrogen mixtures, mixtures of nitrogen with gaseous ones organic compounds, preferably methane.
Es können auch Inertgase, vorzugsweise Edelgase und/oder Stickstoff, eingesetzt werden, wenn das Substrat hinreichende Mengen reduzierender Komponenten, vorzugsweise Humus, Rindenmulch oder Sägespäne enthält.Inert gases, preferably noble gases and / or nitrogen, can also be used if the substrate has sufficient quantities of reducing components, preferably contains humus, bark mulch or sawdust.
Durch die Begasung der Substrate mit reduzierenden Gasen bzw. Inertgasen wird die Tätigkeit der anaeroben Mikroorganismen in den Substraten offenbar so stark aktiviert und begünstigt, daß die Zielelemente aus ihrer Bindung gelöst werden können.By gassing the substrates with reducing gases or inert gases Activity of the anaerobic microorganisms in the substrates apparently so strongly activated and favors that the target elements can be released from their binding.
Falls das Substrat leicht abbaubare Reduktionsmittel enthält oder mit solchen versetzt ist (z. B. Glucose), kann es hinreichend sein, das Substrat relativ gasdicht einzuhausen, um die Zielelemente zu mobilisieren. In diesem Fall kann auf die Anwendung zusätzlicher Gase komplett verzichtet werden: der im Porenvolumen enthaltene Gasgehalt kann hinreichend sein, genügend anaerobe Bedingungen aufrecht zu erhalten, da der für das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren störende Sauerstoff entfernt wird.If the substrate contains or contains easily degradable reducing agents (e.g. glucose), it may be sufficient to enclose the substrate relatively gas-tight, to mobilize the target elements. In this case, the application additional gases are completely eliminated: the one contained in the pore volume Gas content can be sufficient to maintain sufficient anaerobic conditions obtained because the oxygen which is disruptive to the process of the invention is removed becomes.
Zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens muß dafür Sorge getragen werden, daß ein Mindestwassergehalt im Substrat verbleibt. Dies geschieht vorzugsweise so, daß das behandelnde Gas befeuchtet wird. Es ist stattdessen auch möglich, das Substrat vor der Gasbehandlung zu befeuchten oder das Gas im Kreislauf zu führen. Das Wasser kann reduzierende Verbindungen enthalten.Care must be taken to carry out the method according to the invention be that a minimum water content remains in the substrate. this happens preferably so that the treating gas is humidified. Instead, it is too possible to moisten the substrate before the gas treatment or the gas in the To lead a cycle. The water can contain reducing compounds.
Unter derart anaeroben Bedingungen können Arsen, Antimon und Quecksilber als gasförmige methylierte Verbindungen flüchtig werden.Under such anaerobic conditions, arsenic, antimony and mercury can be used as gaseous methylated compounds become volatile.
Überraschenderweise wurde unter diesen Bedingungen auch Nickeltetracarbonyl aus Nickel-enthaltendem Substrat in die Gasphase freigesetzt.Surprisingly, nickel tetracarbonyl was also produced under these conditions Nickel-containing substrate released into the gas phase.
Die gasförmig freigesetzten Zielelemente werden mit einem Adsorbens, vorzugsweise mit einem Aktivkohleadsorber, aus der Gasphase entfernt.The gaseous released target elements are preferably adsorbed with an activated carbon adsorber, removed from the gas phase.
Das hinreichend lange derart in den anaeroben Zustand versetzte Substrat enthält nunmehr die Zielelemente in einer derart wasserlöslichen Form, daß sie ohne weitere Hilfsmittel wie z. B. EDTA mit einfacher Wasserwäsche aus dem Substrat extrahiert werden können.Contains the substrate which has been placed in the anaerobic state for a sufficiently long time now the target elements in such a water-soluble form that they without further Tools such as B. EDTA extracted with simple water wash from the substrate can be.
In einem anschließenden Schritt werden die im Wasser gelösten Zielelemente vorzugsweise durch Sorption oder gegebenenfalls auch durch Fällung oder andere bekannte Verfahren aus dem Wasser entfernt.In a subsequent step, the target elements dissolved in the water preferably by sorption or optionally also by precipitation or others known methods removed from the water.
Das Waschwasser wird vorzugsweise im Kreislauf geführt.The wash water is preferably circulated.
Die Behandlung der Substrate kann in situ, vorzugsweise mit Abdeckung oder auf einer vorzugsweise eingehausten Miete erfolgen.The treatment of the substrates can be in situ, preferably with cover or on a preferably rent.
Claims (13)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1999123171 DE19923171A1 (en) | 1999-05-20 | 1999-05-20 | Mobilization of heavy metal, metalloid and actinide elements, used for reducing pollution in soil, sediment, deposits and water-purification slurry, involves treating substrate with non-oxidizing gas in presence of water and reducing agent |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1999123171 DE19923171A1 (en) | 1999-05-20 | 1999-05-20 | Mobilization of heavy metal, metalloid and actinide elements, used for reducing pollution in soil, sediment, deposits and water-purification slurry, involves treating substrate with non-oxidizing gas in presence of water and reducing agent |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE19923171A1 true DE19923171A1 (en) | 2000-11-23 |
Family
ID=7908638
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1999123171 Withdrawn DE19923171A1 (en) | 1999-05-20 | 1999-05-20 | Mobilization of heavy metal, metalloid and actinide elements, used for reducing pollution in soil, sediment, deposits and water-purification slurry, involves treating substrate with non-oxidizing gas in presence of water and reducing agent |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE19923171A1 (en) |
Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3605042A1 (en) * | 1986-02-18 | 1987-08-20 | Peter A Prof Dr Ing Wilderer | process for the biological treatment of contaminated soils, and device for carrying out the process |
| EP0324465A1 (en) * | 1988-01-15 | 1989-07-19 | Dr. Wolman GmbH | Process for the decontamination of soil contaminated with chromate |
| DE4227769A1 (en) * | 1992-08-23 | 1994-02-24 | Biotechnolog Forschung Gmbh | Bacterial strains for mercury reduction and processes for their production |
| DE4304446A1 (en) * | 1993-02-13 | 1994-08-18 | Hans Dipl Ing Friedmann | Process for separating off heavy metals |
| WO1996020797A1 (en) * | 1995-01-05 | 1996-07-11 | Ulli Bartsch | Biotechnological purification of ground and water containing heavy metals |
| DE19505514A1 (en) * | 1995-02-10 | 1996-08-14 | Lausch Gmbh & Co Kg Umwelt Und | Combined decontamination of soil polluted with difficult degradable organic pollutants and heavy metals |
| US5711020A (en) * | 1993-04-09 | 1998-01-20 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Environmental Protection Agency | Method for remediating environmental contaminants |
| WO1998047820A1 (en) * | 1997-03-07 | 1998-10-29 | Budel Zink B.V. | Method for in-situ immobilisation of heavy metals and/or sulphate in water-containing zones |
| DE19828665A1 (en) * | 1997-06-26 | 1999-01-07 | Chemical Land Holdings Inc | Process for the reduction of hexavalent chromium in soils, sediments, industrial waste and other contaminated materials using ascorbic acid |
| US5888021A (en) * | 1995-12-19 | 1999-03-30 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Method and apparatus for remediation of contaminated soil |
-
1999
- 1999-05-20 DE DE1999123171 patent/DE19923171A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3605042A1 (en) * | 1986-02-18 | 1987-08-20 | Peter A Prof Dr Ing Wilderer | process for the biological treatment of contaminated soils, and device for carrying out the process |
| EP0324465A1 (en) * | 1988-01-15 | 1989-07-19 | Dr. Wolman GmbH | Process for the decontamination of soil contaminated with chromate |
| DE4227769A1 (en) * | 1992-08-23 | 1994-02-24 | Biotechnolog Forschung Gmbh | Bacterial strains for mercury reduction and processes for their production |
| DE4304446A1 (en) * | 1993-02-13 | 1994-08-18 | Hans Dipl Ing Friedmann | Process for separating off heavy metals |
| US5711020A (en) * | 1993-04-09 | 1998-01-20 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Environmental Protection Agency | Method for remediating environmental contaminants |
| WO1996020797A1 (en) * | 1995-01-05 | 1996-07-11 | Ulli Bartsch | Biotechnological purification of ground and water containing heavy metals |
| DE19505514A1 (en) * | 1995-02-10 | 1996-08-14 | Lausch Gmbh & Co Kg Umwelt Und | Combined decontamination of soil polluted with difficult degradable organic pollutants and heavy metals |
| US5888021A (en) * | 1995-12-19 | 1999-03-30 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Method and apparatus for remediation of contaminated soil |
| WO1998047820A1 (en) * | 1997-03-07 | 1998-10-29 | Budel Zink B.V. | Method for in-situ immobilisation of heavy metals and/or sulphate in water-containing zones |
| DE19828665A1 (en) * | 1997-06-26 | 1999-01-07 | Chemical Land Holdings Inc | Process for the reduction of hexavalent chromium in soils, sediments, industrial waste and other contaminated materials using ascorbic acid |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| Schwermetalle lösen. In: Umwelt, Bd.28, 1998, Nr.3, März, S.55 * |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| OM8 | Search report available as to paragraph 43 lit. 1 sentence 1 patent law | ||
| 8139 | Disposal/non-payment of the annual fee |