DE19901508A1 - Process for the production of castings from aluminum alloys - Google Patents
Process for the production of castings from aluminum alloysInfo
- Publication number
- DE19901508A1 DE19901508A1 DE19901508A DE19901508A DE19901508A1 DE 19901508 A1 DE19901508 A1 DE 19901508A1 DE 19901508 A DE19901508 A DE 19901508A DE 19901508 A DE19901508 A DE 19901508A DE 19901508 A1 DE19901508 A1 DE 19901508A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- areas
- castings
- heated
- casting
- aluminum alloys
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012946 outsourcing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000967 As alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001676573 Minium Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000287181 Sturnus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007528 sand casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Zur Herstellung von Gußteilen aus aushärtbaren Aluminiumlegierungen wird der Gußrohling zur Einstellung von Bereichen hoher Härte und Festigkeit 10 bis 100 s lokal auf eine Temperatur von 450 bis 550 DEG C erwärmt, zumindest an den erwärmten Bereichen abgeschreckt und dann ausgelagert.To produce castings from hardenable aluminum alloys, the cast blank is locally heated to a temperature of 450 to 550 ° C. for at least 10 to 100 seconds to set areas of high hardness and strength, at least quenched at the heated areas and then aged.
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Gußteilen aus aushärtbaren Aluminiumlegierungen.The invention relates to a method of manufacture of castings from hardenable aluminum alloys.
Um Ihre Härte und Festigkeit zu erhöhen, werden Gußteile aus Aluminiumlegierungen nach dem Gießen einer Wärmebehandlung unterworfen. An bestimmten Bereichen, beispielsweise im Be reich der Schraubenlöcher eines Bauteils, die einer hohen Flächenpressung ausgesetzt sind, wird dabei eine hohe Härte und Festigkeit verlangt. Dazu wird der Gußrohling einem mehr stündigen Lösungsglühen bei ca. 530°C unterworfen, dann im Wasserbad abgeschreckt und anschließend mehrere Stunden bei ca. 150 bis 180°C ausgelagert.To increase their hardness and strength, castings are made from Aluminum alloys after casting a heat treatment subject. In certain areas, for example in the Be range of the screw holes of a component, that of a high Exposed to surface pressure, it becomes extremely hard and requires firmness. In addition, the cast blank becomes one more subjected to solution annealing at approx. 530 ° C, then in Quenched water bath and then several hours stored at approx. 150 to 180 ° C.
Zur Erzielung von Bereichen höherer Verformbarkeit kann sich dann ein lokalisiertes Weichglühen anschließen. So ist aus EP 0709274 A1 eine Aluminium-Lenkspindel bekannt, die an den Soll-Knickstellen lokal auf 250 bis 450°C erwärmt wird, um dort durch Herabsetzung der Härte eine höhere Verformbarkeit zu erzielen. Ein solches lokalisiertes Weichglühen wird bei spielseise auch nach DE 43 04 134 C1 durchgeführt, um bei ei ner Ölwanne für Kraftfahrzeuge die Verformbarkeit des Boden bereichs zu erhöhen.To achieve areas of higher deformability can then connect a localized soft anneal. So from EP 0709274 A1 an aluminum steering shaft known to the Target kinks are heated locally to 250 to 450 ° C there a higher deformability by reducing the hardness to achieve. Such localized soft annealing is used in Spielseise also carried out according to DE 43 04 134 C1, at ei ner oil pan for motor vehicles the deformability of the floor to increase the area.
Besonders großflächige und konstruktiv diffizile Al-Gußteile neigen nach der eingangs geschilderten Wärmebehandlung zu starkem Verzug oder sind aufgrund ihrer Großflächigkeit in Wasser nicht abschreckbar. Dies gilt insbesondere, wenn sie Hohlräume besitzen. Starke Verzüge führen jedoch zu einem ho hen Ausschuß oder zu aufwendigen Richtarbeiten. Bei Druckguß teilen tritt zusätzlich das Problem auf, daß sie Gasein schlüsse enthalten können, die sich beim Lösungsglühen zu Blasen ausdehnen, die an der Oberfläche austreten. Auch diese Fehlstellen führen zu Ausschuß. Dabei steigt die Wahrschein lichkeit der Blasenbildung mit der Größe des Bauteils an.Particularly large and structurally difficult aluminum castings tend to after the heat treatment described above strong delay or are in because of their large area Water cannot be deterred. This is especially true if you Have cavities. However, strong delays lead to a ho hen committee or to elaborate straightening work. With die casting sharing also has the problem that they are gas may contain conclusions that occur during solution annealing Stretch out any bubbles that appear on the surface. This too Defects lead to rejects. The probability increases blistering with the size of the component.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren bereitzustellen, mit dem auch großflächige, verwickelt ausgebildete Aluminium gußteile mit der gewünschten Härte und Festigkeit ohne Verzug hergestellt werden können.The object of the invention is to provide a method with the large-area, intricately designed aluminum Castings with the desired hardness and strength without warping can be produced.
Dies wird erfindungsgemäß mit dem im Anspruch 1 gekennzeich neten Verfahren erreicht. In den Unteransprüchen sind vor teilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung wiedergegeben.This is according to the invention characterized in that in claim 1 Neten procedure achieved. In the subclaims are before reproduced partial embodiments of the invention.
Nach der Erfindung wird also von einem mehrstündigen Lösungs glühen des Gußteils zur Einstellung einer hohen Härte und Fe stigkeit nach dem Stand der Technik abgesehen. Stattdessen wird der Gußrohling, also das Teil, das nach dem Gießen er starrt und entformt wird, einer Wärmebehandlung von lediglich 10 bis 100 s, vorzugsweise 20 bis 40 s bei einer Temperatur von 450 bis 550°C ausschließlich in den Bereichen unterwor fen, in denen eine hohe Härte und Festigkeit tatsächlich not wendig ist. Die lokal erwärmten Bereiche werden anschließend abgeschreckt und das Bauteil wird dann ausgelagert.According to the invention is a solution of several hours annealing of the cast part to set a high hardness and Fe apart from the state of the art. Instead becomes the casting blank, that is, the part that after casting stares and is demolded, a heat treatment of only 10 to 100 s, preferably 20 to 40 s at one temperature from 450 to 550 ° C only in the areas in which high hardness and strength are actually required is agile. The locally heated areas are then quenched and the component is then outsourced.
Trotz der kurzzeitigen Glühbehandlung wird überraschenderwei se in den wärmebehandelten Bereichen lokal ein Härte- und Fe stigkeitsniveau erreicht, das dem von Gußteilen, die einer Glühbehandlung von mehreren Stunden unterworfen worden sind, zumindest entspricht. Jedenfalls wird erfindungsgemäß er reicht, daß an den Bereichen des Gußteils, an denen ein hohes Härte- und Festigkeitsniveau verlangt wird, sich auch eine hohe Härte und Festigkeit einstellt. Diese Bereiche sind ins besondere solche Flächen des Bauteils, an denen eine hohe Flächenpressung auftritt, also beispielsweise Verschraubungs flächen, Flansche und dergleichen. Da nur lokalisiert erwärmt wird, tritt ein Bauteilverzug, wie er nach dem Stand der Technik durch das Lösungsglühen des gesamten Bauteils und Ab schrecken in Wasser auftritt, vermieden, so daß erfindungsge mäß aufwendige Richtarbeiten entfallen. Durch die lokale War maushärtung wird also eine erhebliche Arbeitserleichterung und damit Kostenreduzierung erzielt. Zudem können Teile, die bisher nicht warm ausgehärtet werden konnten, z. B. große hohl gegossene Teile, erfindungsgemäß ausgehärtet werden.Despite the brief annealing treatment, surprisingly local hardness and Fe in the heat-treated areas reached the level of castings that one Have been subjected to annealing for several hours, at least corresponds. In any case, according to the invention is enough for the areas of the casting where a high Hardness and strength level is required, even one sets high hardness and strength. These areas are ins special areas of the component on which a high Surface pressure occurs, for example screw connection surfaces, flanges and the like. Because only locally heated a component distortion occurs, as it is according to the state of the Technology through solution annealing of the entire component and Ab horror occurs in water, avoided, so that fiction according to elaborate straightening work. By local war So mouse hardening will make work considerably easier and thus achieved cost reduction. In addition, parts that previously could not be cured warm, z. B. large hollow cast parts, cured according to the invention.
Die lokale Erwärmung kann beispielsweise induktiv erfolgen, mit einem Laserstrahl, einer Flamme oder durch Wärmestrah lung. Bei induktiver Erwärmung wird die betreffende Fläche des Bauteils vorzugsweise mit je einer Induktionsspule auf beiden Seiten beaufschlagt.Local heating can take place, for example, inductively, with a laser beam, a flame or a heat beam lung. With inductive heating, the surface in question of the component preferably with one induction coil each acted on both sides.
Nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren kann jede warm aushärt bare Aluminiumlegierung eingesetzt werden, insbesondere Alu miniumlegierungen mit Silicium und Magnesium als Legierungs komponenten, z. B. AlSixMgy mit x = 5 bis 12 und y = 0,1 bis 0,6.In the process according to the invention, each can be cured warm bare aluminum alloy are used, especially aluminum minium alloys with silicon and magnesium as alloy components, e.g. B. AlSixMgy with x = 5 to 12 and y = 0.1 to 0.6.
Der Gußrohling kann beispielsweise durch Druckguß, Kokillen- oder Sandguß hergestellt werden. Dabei ist das erfindungsge mäße Verfahren insbesondere für Druckgußrohlinge geeignet. Denn da nun wenige Bereiche, wie Verschraubungsflächen, einer Glühbehandlung unterzogen werden, ist die Wahrscheinlichkeit der Blasenbildung entsprechend gering.The casting blank can, for example, by die casting, mold or sand casting. It is the fiction moderate process particularly suitable for die-cast blanks. Because there are now only a few areas, such as screw surfaces Being subjected to annealing is the probability the blistering is correspondingly low.
Zum Abschrecken wird das auf mindestens 450°C erwärmte Bau teil beispielsweise als Ganzes in ein Wasserbad mit einer Temperatur von beispielsweise maximal 40°C getaucht. Statt das gesamte Bauteil abzuschrecken, können jedoch auch nur die auf wenigstens 450°C erwärmten Bereiche lokal durch Absprit zen mit einer Wasserbrauseeinrichtung abgeschreckt werden.The structure, heated to at least 450 ° C, is used as a deterrent part as a whole in a water bath with a Temperature immersed, for example, at a maximum of 40 ° C. Instead of to deter the entire component, but only those areas heated to at least 450 ° C locally by spraying zen be quenched with a water shower device.
Anschließend wird das Bauteil entweder kalt oder warm ausge lagert. Während das Kaltauslagern mehrere Tage oder gar Wo chen dauert, kann die Warmauslagerung innerhalb weniger Stun den bei einer Temperatur von beispielsweise 140 bis 260°C er folgen. Vorzugsweise wird bei 150 bis 190°C etwa 3 bis 6 Stunden warm ausgelagert.The component is then either cold or warm stores. During the cold outsourcing several days or even where hot aging can take place within a few hours he at a temperature of, for example, 140 to 260 ° C consequences. Preferably, at 150 to 190 ° C, about 3 to 6 Heated out for hours.
Nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren können insbesondere gro ße Aluminiumgußteile hergestellt werden, insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeuge, vor allem rahmenförmige Teile, wie der Fahr werkträger oder die Türrahmen eines Kraftfahrzeuges.According to the method according to the invention, especially large Aluminum castings are made, especially for Motor vehicles, especially frame-shaped parts, such as the driver work carrier or the door frame of a motor vehicle.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19901508A DE19901508A1 (en) | 1999-01-16 | 1999-01-16 | Process for the production of castings from aluminum alloys |
| DE59900976T DE59900976D1 (en) | 1999-01-16 | 1999-12-03 | Process for the production of castings from aluminum alloys |
| EP99124202A EP1020540B1 (en) | 1999-01-16 | 1999-12-03 | Process for producing aluminium alloy castings |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19901508A DE19901508A1 (en) | 1999-01-16 | 1999-01-16 | Process for the production of castings from aluminum alloys |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE19901508A1 true DE19901508A1 (en) | 2000-08-17 |
Family
ID=7894438
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19901508A Withdrawn DE19901508A1 (en) | 1999-01-16 | 1999-01-16 | Process for the production of castings from aluminum alloys |
| DE59900976T Expired - Lifetime DE59900976D1 (en) | 1999-01-16 | 1999-12-03 | Process for the production of castings from aluminum alloys |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE59900976T Expired - Lifetime DE59900976D1 (en) | 1999-01-16 | 1999-12-03 | Process for the production of castings from aluminum alloys |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1020540B1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19901508A1 (en) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10141510A1 (en) * | 2001-08-24 | 2003-03-13 | Audi Ag | Process for the production of light alloy rims |
| AT411269B (en) * | 2001-11-05 | 2003-11-25 | Salzburger Aluminium Ag | ALUMINUM-SILICON ALLOYS WITH IMPROVED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES |
| DE10312394A1 (en) * | 2003-03-20 | 2004-09-30 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Process for heat treating a component made from a metal alloy comprises cooling a region of the component with a gas stream before quenching with a liquid medium |
| DE102005026829A1 (en) * | 2005-06-09 | 2006-12-21 | Bd-Breyton-Design Gmbh | Production of a rim bed and rim star of a vehicle wheel rim comprises forming the rim star by vacuum casting liquid aluminum or a liquid aluminum alloy in a casting mold having the shape of the star |
| DE102005039049A1 (en) * | 2005-08-18 | 2007-02-22 | Ks Aluminium-Technologie Ag | Method for producing a casting and cylinder crankcase |
| DE102006006849A1 (en) * | 2006-02-15 | 2007-08-16 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Method for age hardening highly alloyed non-ferrous metals e.g. crankcase comprises carrying out inductive solution annealing with subsequent quenching |
| DE102015223960A1 (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2017-06-08 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Method for producing a cast component |
| EP2741874B1 (en) | 2011-08-09 | 2019-03-06 | KS HUAYU AluTech GmbH | Method for hardening a die-cast part |
| DE102021213101A1 (en) | 2021-11-22 | 2023-05-25 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the heat treatment of an aluminum component |
| DE102022130113A1 (en) * | 2022-11-15 | 2024-05-16 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the partial heat treatment of an aluminium die-cast part and use |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10322309B4 (en) * | 2003-05-17 | 2005-04-21 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Cylinder head for internal combustion engines and method for its production |
| EP2371983A1 (en) * | 2010-03-25 | 2011-10-05 | Georg Fischer Verwaltungs-GmbH | Method for heat treating a moulded component and moulded component produced using the method |
| CN104289872A (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2015-01-21 | 中山市鸿程科研技术服务有限公司 | Oil pan machining process |
| DE102015016360A1 (en) | 2015-12-17 | 2016-05-25 | Daimler Ag | Process for the heat treatment of an aluminum cast component and cast aluminum component |
| CN108385042B (en) * | 2018-03-04 | 2019-11-01 | 广西平果百矿高新铝业有限公司 | A kind of production technology of the Aluminum Alloy Plate applied to tablet computer backboard |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4304134C1 (en) * | 1993-02-11 | 1994-09-15 | Albert Handtmann Metallguswerk | Process for the production of castings |
| EP0709274A1 (en) * | 1994-10-26 | 1996-05-01 | Alusuisse-Lonza Services AG | Safety steering column |
-
1999
- 1999-01-16 DE DE19901508A patent/DE19901508A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-12-03 DE DE59900976T patent/DE59900976D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-03 EP EP99124202A patent/EP1020540B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4304134C1 (en) * | 1993-02-11 | 1994-09-15 | Albert Handtmann Metallguswerk | Process for the production of castings |
| EP0709274A1 (en) * | 1994-10-26 | 1996-05-01 | Alusuisse-Lonza Services AG | Safety steering column |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| Aluminium-Zentrale Düsseldorf (Hrsg.): Aluminium- Taschenbuch, Aluminium-Verlag, Düsseldorf, 1996, Bd.2, 15.Aufl., S.412-419 * |
| Aluminium-Zentrale Düsseldorf: Aluminium- Taschenbuch, Aluminium-Verlag, Düsseldorf, 1995, Bd.1, S.229-235,249-251 * |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10141510A1 (en) * | 2001-08-24 | 2003-03-13 | Audi Ag | Process for the production of light alloy rims |
| AT411269B (en) * | 2001-11-05 | 2003-11-25 | Salzburger Aluminium Ag | ALUMINUM-SILICON ALLOYS WITH IMPROVED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES |
| DE10312394A1 (en) * | 2003-03-20 | 2004-09-30 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Process for heat treating a component made from a metal alloy comprises cooling a region of the component with a gas stream before quenching with a liquid medium |
| DE102005026829A1 (en) * | 2005-06-09 | 2006-12-21 | Bd-Breyton-Design Gmbh | Production of a rim bed and rim star of a vehicle wheel rim comprises forming the rim star by vacuum casting liquid aluminum or a liquid aluminum alloy in a casting mold having the shape of the star |
| DE102005039049A1 (en) * | 2005-08-18 | 2007-02-22 | Ks Aluminium-Technologie Ag | Method for producing a casting and cylinder crankcase |
| DE102006006849A1 (en) * | 2006-02-15 | 2007-08-16 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Method for age hardening highly alloyed non-ferrous metals e.g. crankcase comprises carrying out inductive solution annealing with subsequent quenching |
| EP2741874B1 (en) | 2011-08-09 | 2019-03-06 | KS HUAYU AluTech GmbH | Method for hardening a die-cast part |
| DE102015223960A1 (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2017-06-08 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Method for producing a cast component |
| DE102021213101A1 (en) | 2021-11-22 | 2023-05-25 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the heat treatment of an aluminum component |
| DE102022130113A1 (en) * | 2022-11-15 | 2024-05-16 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the partial heat treatment of an aluminium die-cast part and use |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1020540B1 (en) | 2002-03-13 |
| EP1020540A1 (en) | 2000-07-19 |
| DE59900976D1 (en) | 2002-04-18 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| OM8 | Search report available as to paragraph 43 lit. 1 sentence 1 patent law | ||
| 8139 | Disposal/non-payment of the annual fee |