DE19858818A1 - Two-component binding agent, for the production of aqueous reactive surface fillers, comprises a polyurethane and/or polyurethane-polyurea dispersion and an isocyanate group containing polyisocyanate - Google Patents

Abstract

An aqueous reactive 2-component binding agent for an aqueous reactive surface filler (II) comprises (A) a polyurethane and/or polyurethane-polyurea dispersion and (B) a free isocyanate group containing polyisocyanate. Independent claims are included for: (i) an aqueous reactive surface filler (II) comprising (A), (B) having a viscosity of 10-20,000 mPas/23 deg C and a functionality of 1.5-7.5, (C) a pigment and/or filler, optionally (D) processing acids and additive, (E) oligomers and/or polymers in the form of aqueous solutions, dispersions and/or emulsions and (F) water and/or organic solvent whereby the weight ratio of resin to pigment/filler is 1:1.3-1:20 and (ii) a process for the production of (II) by mixing (A), (C), optionally (D), (E) and up to 20 wt.% (F) in an appropriate device to form at least 85 wt.% of (I) followed by the addition of up to 15 wt.% of a polyisocyanate cross-linking agent (B) to form a homogeneous mixture.

Description

The invention relates to aqueous reactive 2-component binder combinations for aqueous reactive fillers, process for the production of aqueous reactive fillers based on aqueous reactive 2-component Binder combinations and the use of such fillers.

Unsaturated polyester resins as binders for fillers have been around for a long time known. However, such products contain large amounts of reactive, volatile Solvents, preferably styrene, as copolymerizable monomers. It is not on Attempted to develop binders based on unsaturated polyester have such a low viscosity that they are characteristic of leveling compounds can absorb large amounts of filler and in the absence of copolymerisable Monomers to be tack-free with the help of peroxides despite low molecular weights Fillers can be hardened. EP 154 924 may be mentioned here by way of example, in the polyester based on unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, diols and allyl ethers are claimed to fillers without reactive, volatile solvents can be formulated. Because of that for a number of applications low reactivity or slow curing and due to the high raw So far, such and similar systems have not been able to achieve material cost levels on the market push through. Aqueous one-component fillers are also known however, such products do not have what is required for many areas of application Property level on.

So there is still the task of raw materials or combinations of binders to be made available for leveling compounds that are not reactive, volatile Solvent and using the high to characteristic of fillers very stable amounts of filler and qualitatively in practical times Use high quality, even in very thick layers down to the centimeter range fillers can be cured. Other important requirements  of new binder combinations for leveling compounds are quick sanding availability, a special one absolutely necessary for professional processing Spatula consistency, high hardness with sufficient flexibility, high Filling capacity, good adhesion to various substrates, very good coverage paintability with different paint systems and good resistance characteristics.

A high environment is another important requirement for modern leveling compounds tolerance, d. H. a low content of volatile organic substances, as well as the Possibility based on suitable binder combinations by selection suitable raw materials, additives, fillers and pigments To be able to formulate processing time and still good reactivity.

Surprisingly, it has now been found that aqueous reactive 2-component Binder combinations for aqueous reactive fillers, consisting of at least one polyurethane or polyurethane-polyurea dispersion and min at least one polyisocyanate containing free isocyanate groups are capable of to meet the above requirements. The binders according to the invention combinations and the leveling compounds made from them contain only a small amount Amounts of volatile components. It is possible through suitable raw material selection to produce lightfast fillers that practically no yellowing or Show chalking or discoloration, it is also possible to fillers formulate that combine long processing time and good reactivity.

The invention thus relates to aqueous reactive two-component binders medium combinations for aqueous reactive fillers, consisting of

• a) at least one polyurethane or polyurethane-polyurea dispersion and
• b) at least one polyisocyanate containing free isocyanate groups.

The invention also relates to aqueous reactive two-component binder compositions for aqueous reactive fillers, consisting of

• a) at least one polyurethane or polyurethane-polyurea dispersion containing the reaction product
  • 1. at least one polyol component,
  • 2. at least one di- and / or polyisocyanate component,
  • 3. at least one (potentially) ionic compound with at least one, optionally at least partially neutralized, salt-forming group and at least one group reactive toward isocyanate groups and optionally one hydrophilic, nonionic compound consisting of compounds with at least one group reactive toward isocyanate groups and at least one hydrophilic polyether chain,
  • 4. at least one of a1) to a3) different mono-, di- and / or polyfunctional low molecular weight structural component of the molecular weight range 32 to 450,
  component (s) a3) being used in such an amount that a stable dispersion is formed, and
• b) at least one polyisocyanate containing free isocyanate groups a viscosity of 10 to 20,000 mPas / 23 ° C and a functionality of 1.5 to 7.5.

The invention also relates to aqueous reactive two-component binder combinations for aqueous reactive fillers, consisting of

• a) at least one polyurethane or polyurethane-polyurea dispersion containing the reaction product
  • 1. 35 to 85% by weight of at least one polyol component,
  • 2. 5 to 50% by weight of at least one di- and / or polyisocyanate component,
  • 3. 1.5 to 10% by weight of at least one (potentially) ionic compound with at least one, optionally at least partially neutralized, salt-forming group and at least one group which is reactive towards isocyanate groups and optionally with a hydrophilic, nonionic compound, consisting of compounds with at least one group reactive towards isocyanate groups and at least one hydrophilic polyether chain,
  • 4. 1 to 10% by weight of at least one mono-, di- and / or polyfunctional low molecular weight component of the molecular weight range 32 to 450 different from a1) to a3),
  component (s) a3) being used in such an amount that a stable dispersion is formed, and
• b) at least one polyisocyanate containing free isocyanate groups a viscosity of 10 to 10,000 mPas / 23 ° C and a functionality of 2.15 to 5.0,

the sum of the% numbers a1) to a4) being 100.

The invention also relates to aqueous reactive two-component binder combinations for aqueous reactive fillers, consisting of

• a) at least one polyurethane-polyurea dispersion containing the reaction product
  • 1. 40 to 75% by weight of at least one di- and / or trifunctional polyol component based on polyester and / or polyether with a molecular weight of 750 to 3000 g / mol,
  • 2. 15 to 45% by weight of at least one diisocyanate component with a molecular weight of 168 to 262,
  • 3. 1.5 to 8.5% by weight of at least one (potentially) ionic compound with at least one, optionally at least partially neutralized, salt-forming group and at least one group reactive towards isocyanate groups and optionally a hydrophilic, nonionic compound manure consisting of compounds having at least one group which is reactive toward isocyanate groups and at least one hydrophilic polyether chain,
  • 4. 1.5 to 8% by weight of at least one mono-, di- and / or polyfunctional low molecular weight component of the molecular weight range 32 to 450 which is different from a1) to a3),
  component (s) a3) being used in such an amount that a stable dispersion is formed, and
• b) at least one polyisocyanate containing free isocyanate groups a viscosity of 10 to 10,000 mPas / 23 ° C and a functionality of 2.15 to 5.0,

the sum of the% numbers a1) to a4) being 100.

The invention also relates to aqueous reactive fillers consisting of

• a) at least one polyurethane or polyurethane-polyurea dispersion,
• b) at least one polyisocyanate containing free isocyanate groups a viscosity of 10 to 20,000 mPas / 23 ° C and a functionality of 1.5 to 7.5,
• c) at least one pigment and / or filler,
• d) auxiliaries and additives, if appropriate,  
• e) optionally further in the form of an aqueous solution, dispersion or emulsion existing oligomers or polymers and
• f) optionally water and / or organic solvent,

the weight ratio of resin (solid from component a), from compo nente b) and optionally from component e)) to pigment / filler (solid from Component c)) is 1: 1.3 to 1:20.

The invention also relates to aqueous reactive fillers consisting of

• a) 10 to 50 wt .-% of at least one polyurethane or polyurethane poly urea dispersion,
• b) 1 to 15% by weight of at least one poly containing free isocyanate groups isocyanate with a viscosity of 10 to 20,000 mPas / 23 ° C and one Functionality from 2.0 to 6.5,
• c) 40 to 90% by weight of at least one pigment and / or filler,
• d) 0 to 3% by weight of auxiliaries, additives and / or additives,
• e) 0 to 50 wt .-% further, optionally in the form of an aqueous solution, disper sion or emulsion present oligomers or polymers and
• f) 0 to 20% by weight of water and / or organic solvents,

the sum of a) to f) being 100% by weight and the weight ver Ratio of resin (solid from component a), from component b) and given otherwise from component e)) to pigment / filler (solid from component c)) 1: 1.5 to 1:15.

The invention also relates to aqueous reactive fillers consisting of

• a) 10 to 50 wt .-% of at least one polyurethane or polyurethane-polyurea dispersion containing the reaction product
  • 1. 35 to 85% by weight of at least one polyol component,
  • 2. 5 to 50% by weight of at least one di- and / or polyisocyanate component,
  • 3. 1.5 to 10% by weight of at least one (potentially) ionic compound with at least one, optionally at least partially neutralized, salt-forming group and at least one group reactive towards isocyanate groups and optionally a hydrophilic, nonionic compound, be consisting of compounds with at least one group reactive towards isocyanate groups and at least one hydrophilic polyether chain,
  • 4. 1 to 10% by weight of at least one mono-, di- and / or polyfunctional low molecular weight component of the molecular weight range 32 to 450 different from a1) to a3),
  component (s) a3) being used in such an amount that a stable dispersion is formed,
• b) 1 to 9.8% by weight of at least one containing free isocyanate groups Polyisocyanate with a viscosity of 10 to 20,000 mPas / 23 ° C and one Functionality from 2.0 to 6.5,
• c) 40 to 90% by weight of at least one pigment and / or filler,
• d) 0 to 3% by weight of auxiliaries, additives and / or additives,
• e) 0 to 50 wt .-% further, optionally in the form of an aqueous solution, disper sion or emulsion present oligomers or polymers and
• f) 0 to 20% by weight of water and / or organic solvents,

the sum of a) to f) being 100% by weight and the weight ver Ratio of resin (solid from component a), from component b) and optionally from component e)) to pigment / filler (solid from component c)) 1: 1.5 to 1:15.  

The invention also relates to aqueous reactive fillers consisting of

• a) 10 to 50 wt .-% of at least one polyurethane-polyurea dispersion containing the reaction product
  • 1. 40 to 75% by weight of at least one di- and / or trifunctional polyol component based on polyester and / or polyether with a molecular weight of 750 to 3000 g / mol,
  • 2. 15 to 45% by weight of at least one diisocyanate component with a molecular weight of 168 to 262,
  • 3. 1.5 to 8.5% by weight of at least one (potentially) ionic compound with at least one, optionally at least partially neutralized, salt-forming group and at least one group which is reactive towards isocyanate groups and optionally with a hydrophilic, non-ionic compound , consisting of compounds with at least one group reactive towards isocyanate groups and at least one hydrophilic polyether chain,
  • 4. 1.5 to 8% by weight of at least one mono-, di- and / or polyfunctional low molecular weight component of the molecular weight range 32 to 450 different from a1) to a3),
  component (s) a3) being used in such an amount that a stable dispersion is formed, and
• b) 1 to 9.8% by weight of at least one containing free isocyanate groups Polyisocyanate with a viscosity of 10 to 20,000 mPas / 23 ° C and one Functionality from 2.0 to 6.5,
• c) 40 to 90% by weight of at least one pigment and / or filler,
• d) 0 to 3% by weight of auxiliaries, additives and / or additives,
• e) 0 to 50% by weight of further, optionally in the form of an aqueous solution, Dispersion or emulsion present oligomers or polymers and  
• f) 0 to 20% by weight of water and / or organic solvents,

the sum of a) to f) being 100% by weight and the weight ratio of resin (solid from component a), from component b) and given otherwise from component e)) to pigment / filler (solid from component c)) 1: 1.5 to 1:15.

The invention also relates to aqueous fillers consisting of

• a) 22 to 38% by weight of at least one polyurethane-polyurea dispersion,
• b) 1 to 7.5% by weight of at least one containing free isocyanate groups Polyisocyanate with a viscosity of 10 to 10,000 mPas / 23 ° C and one Functionality from 2.15 to 5.0,
• c) 53 to 75% by weight of at least one pigment and / or filler,
• d) 0 to 2% by weight of auxiliaries, additives and / or additives,
• e) 0 to 20 wt .-% further, optionally in the form of an aqueous solution, disper sion or emulsion present oligomers or polymers and
• f) 0 to 10% by weight of water and / or organic solvents,

the sum of a) to f) being 100% by weight and the weight ratio of resin (solid from component a), from component b) and optionally from component e)) to pigment / filler (solid from component c)) 1: 2.1 to 1:10.

The invention also relates to a process for the production of aqueous reactive fillers, characterized in that first of at least a polyurethane or polyurethane-polyurea dispersion a) with pigment or Pigment mixtures, fillers or filler mixtures c) optionally Addi tives, auxiliaries or additives d), optionally further, optionally in the form aqueous solution, dispersion or emulsion of oligomers or Polymers e) and optionally up to 20 wt .-% based on total solids  content of organic solvents and / or water f) in a suitable technical Apparatus a component containing at least 85 wt .-% of the invention Filler, with the necessary for practical processing Consistency is produced, and this immediately before processing with the second component, up to 15% by weight of the filler according to the invention makes up, namely at least one polyisocyanate crosslinker b) to the invention appropriate filler is homogeneously mixed.

The invention also relates to a process for the production of aqueous reactive fillers, characterized in that first of at least a polyurethane or polyurethane-polyurea dispersion a) with pigment or Pigment mixtures, fillers or filler mixtures c) optionally Addi tives, auxiliaries or additives d), optionally further, optionally in the form aqueous solution, dispersion or emulsion of oligomers or poly meren e) and optionally up to 20 wt .-% based on total solids organic solvent and / or water f) in a suitable technical apparatus a component that 90.2 to 99.7 wt .-% of the leveling compound according to the invention with the consistency required for practical processing is produced, and this directly before processing with the second compo component which makes up 9.8 to 0.3% by weight of the filler according to the invention, namely at least one polyisocyanate crosslinker b), to the invention Filler is homogeneously mixed.

The invention also relates to a process for the production of aqueous reactive fillers, characterized in that first of at least a polyurethane-polyurea dispersion containing isocyanate-reactive groups a) with pigment or pigment mixtures, fillers or filler mixtures c) optionally additives, auxiliaries or additives d), optionally further, optionally in the form of an aqueous solution, dispersion or emulsion Oligomers or polymers e) and optionally up to 20% by weight, based on Total solids content of organic solvents and / or water f) in one  suitable technical apparatus a component that 96 to 99.5 wt .-% of makes up filler according to the invention with which for a practical Processing required consistency is produced, and then this directly before the processing with the second component, the 4 to 0.5 wt .-% of the Invention accounts for the leveling compound, namely at least one polyisocyanate crosslinker b) is homogeneously mixed to the filler according to the invention.

The invention also relates to a process for the production of aqueous reactive fillers, characterized in that first of at least a polyurethane or polyurethane-polyurea dispersion a) with pigment or Pigment mixtures, fillers or filler mixtures c) optionally Addi tives, auxiliaries or additives d), optionally further, optionally in the form aqueous solution, dispersion or emulsion of oligomers or poly meren e) optionally up to 10 wt .-% based on total solids organic solvent and / or water f) and at least one poly isocyanate crosslinker b) the leveling compound according to the invention in a suitable technical apparatus, immediately before processing the filler is, and this then optionally by adding water and / or organic solvent adjusted to the required processing consistency becomes.

The invention also relates to the use of the invention aqueous reactive 2-component binder combinations in or as aqueous reactive fillers.

The invention also relates to the use of the invention aqueous reactive 2-component binder combinations in or as aqueous reactive fillers for wood, wood-like substrates and / or cork.

The invention also relates to the use of the invention aqueous reactive 2-component binder combinations in or as aqueous  reactive fillers for metallic substrates, vehicle bodies and / or Plastics.

The invention also relates to the use of the invention aqueous reactive 2-component binder combinations in or as aqueous reactive fillers for marble, granite or mineral substrates.

The polyurethane or polyurethane-polyurea dispersions can be isocyanate reactive groups contain such. B. hydroxyl, amino, thio, epoxy, ketimine, Aldimine, anhydride, oxazolidine, amide, lactam, secondary amine functions containing aspartic acid ester groups, phenol and carboxyl or carboxylate Groups.

Isocyanate-reactive groups preferably contained are hydroxyl groups and / or Carboxyl or carboxylate groups. Polyurethane or polyurethane Polyurea dispersions without hydroxyl groups are used.

For the preparation of the aqueous reactive binders according to the invention combinations or fillers containing polyurethane or polyurethane Polyol components a1) suitable for polyurea dispersions are e.g. B. polyester polyols (e.g. Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 4th edition, volume 19, Pp. 62-65). Suitable raw materials for the production of these polyester polyols are difunctional alcohols such as ethylene glycol, 1,2- and 1,3-propylene glycol, 1,3-, 1,4-, 2,3-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, trimethylhexanediol, triethylene glycol, hydrogenated bisphenols, trimethylpentanediol, diethylene diglycol, dipropylene diglycol, 1,4-cyclohexanediol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and difunctional Carboxylic acids or their anhydrides such as adipic acid, phthalic acid (anhydride), Isophthalic acid, maleic acid (anhydride), terephthalic acid, tetrahydrophthalic acid (anhydride), hexahydrophthalic acid (anhydride), succinic acid (anhydride), fumar acid, azelaic acid, dimer fatty acid. Suitable polyester raw materials are also Monocarboxylic acids such as benzoic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, oleic acid, soybean oil fatty acid,  Stearic fatty acid, peanut oil fatty acid, linseed oil fatty acid, nonanoic acid, cyclohexane mono carboxylic acid, isononanoic acid, sorbic acid, conjuene fatty acid, more functional Carboxylic acids or alcohols such as trimellitic acid (anhydride), butanetetracarboxylic acid, Trimer fatty acid, trimethylolpropane, glycerin, pentaerythritol, castor oil, dipentaery thrit and other polyester raw materials not mentioned by name.

Likewise suitable polyester raw materials are mono-, Di- or tricarboxylic acids or mono-, di- or triols such as. B. the sodium or Potassium salt of sulphoisophthalic acid. By using such building blocks at It is possible to produce polyester polyol, polyol containing sulfonate groups components a1) for the production of polyurethane or polyurethane-polyurea Use dispersions a) and so part or all of the amount Production of a stable dispersion required hydrophilicity over the polyester to incorporate polyol into the polyurethane or polyurethane-polyurea dispersion.

In this particular case, the amount required for hydrophilization Some or all of hydrophilic components a3) in polyester polyol a1) installed and thereby in the polyurethane or polyurethane polyurea Dispersion included.

Also suitable polyol components a1) are polycarbonate diols which, for. B. by Implementation of diphenyl or dimethyl carbonate with low molecular weight di- or Triols or epsilon-caprolactone-modified diols or triols can be obtained can.

Lactone-based polyester diols, which are homo- or copolymers of lactones, preferably around terminal hydroxyl groups having addition products of lactones such. B. epsilon-caprolactone or gamma-butyrolactone acts on difunctional starter molecules. Suitable starters Molecules can use the diols mentioned above, but also low molecular weight polyester  or be polyether diols. Instead of the polymers of lactones, the corresponding hydroxycarboxylic acids are used.

Also suitable polyol components a1) are polyether polyols. You are ins especially by polymerization of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, tetrahydrofuran, Styrene oxide and / or epichlorohydrin with itself, e.g. B. in the presence of BF3 or basic catalysts or by adding these compounds if necessary, also in a mixture or in succession, on starter components with reactive capable hydrogen atoms, such as alcohols, amines, amino alcohols or water available.

The polyol components a1) mentioned can also be in the form of mixtures, if appropriate also together with other polyols a1) such. B. polyester amides, polyether esters, Polyacrylates, polyols based on epoxy resin, are used.

The hydroxyl number of the polyols a1) is 5 to 350, preferably 8 to 200 mg KOH / g substance. The molecular weights of the polyols a) are between 300 and 25,000, preferably between 750 and 3000 g / mol.

Preferred polyols a1) are polyester polyols, in particular based on aroma tic dicarboxylic acids and / or adipic acid produced polyester polyols and / or di- or trifunctional polyethers on propylene oxide or propylene oxide / ethylene oxide base or mixtures of the above, optionally also with others Polyols used.

Component a2) consists of at least one organic di, tri or Polyisocyanate of molecular weight 140 to 1500, preferably 168 to 262. Are suitable for. B. hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI, Desmodur H, Bayer AG), Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI, Desmodur I, Bayer AG), 4,4'-diisocyanatodicyclo hexylmethane (H12MDI, Desmodur W, Bayer AG), 1,4-butane diisocyanate, hexa hydrodiisocyanatotoluene, hexahydrodiisocyanatoxylol, nonanetriisocyanate, 2,4- or  2,6-diisocyanatotoluene (TDI), xylylene diisocyanate and 4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenyl methane (MDI) and other diisocyanates not mentioned by name. Likewise can also be used known polyisocyanates based on mentioned and also other isocyanates with uretdione, biuret, allophanate, iso cyanurate, iminoxadiazinedione and / or urethane structural units.

The use of cycloaliphatic or aromatic is particularly preferred difunctional isocyanates of molecular weight 168 to 222, optionally in Combination with minor amounts of hexamethylene diisocyanate, especially of isophorone diisocyanate, 4,4'-diisocyanatodicyclohexylmethane, 2,4- or 2,6- Diisocyanatotoluene and 4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane.

Component a3) consists of at least one hydrophilic (potentially) ionic Connection with at least one, optionally at least partially neutralized present group capable of salt formation and at least one compared to Iso cyanate groups reactive group and possibly an additional not ionic compound with at least one reactive towards isocyanate groups Group and at least one hydrophilic polyether chain.

The ionic compounds a3) are e.g. B. at least one, preferably one or two hydroxyl and / or primary and / or secondary Carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid and / or phosphoric acid having amino groups or for their salts. Suitable acids are e.g. B. hydroxypivalic acid, dimethylol acetic acid, 2,2'-dimethylol propionic acid, 2,2'-dimethylol butyric acid, aminobenzoe acid, 2,2'-dimethylolpentanoic acid, addition products from acrylic acid and diamines such as B. ethylenediamine or isophoronediamine. If appropriate, they are also suitable Sulfonate diols containing ether groups, such as, for. In U.S. 4,108,814 to be discribed. Amino-functional sulphonates are also suitable or two reactive, d. H. primary or secondary amino groups.  

The free acid groups, in particular carboxyl and sulfonic acid groups represent the above mentioned "potentially ionic or anionic" groups, while it is in the salt-like obtained by neutralization with bases or acids Groups, especially carboxylate groups and sulfonate groups around the above addressed "ionic or anionic" groups.

(Potentially) anionic component a3) with two or three reactive primary and / or secondary amino groups can also be used as chain extensions component a4) can be used.

In a special embodiment, (potentially) anionic components a3) in addition to sulfonate or carboxylate groups, also free carboxyl groups, or contain only free carboxyl groups and / or anhydride groups and by a Condensation reaction, e.g. B. via ester or amide bonds directly into the polyol component a1) installed.

This can make part or all of the amount more stable for manufacture Dispersions required hydrophilic groups from a3) built directly into a1) his. Suitable compounds a3), which are then used as raw material components in a1) are installed, for. B. the sodium or potassium salt of sulphoisophthalic acid, Trimellitic anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, the latter anhydrides in a known manner by reaction part of the hydroxyl groups of the polyol component a1) with the anhydride Training of carboxyl-bearing half-esters are implemented, and wherein the carboxyl groups before dispersing the polyurethane or Polyurethane polyurea is at least partially converted into carboxylate groups become.

Nonionically hydrophilic compounds a3) can optionally also be used are and have one or two per molecule towards isocyanate groups reactive groups, especially hydroxyl and / or primary or  secondary amino groups and at least one hydrophilic polyether chain. The Polyether chains of these compounds consist of 30% to 100% of built-in ones Ethylene oxide units, in a preferred embodiment 40 to 95% built-in ethylene oxide units in addition to 5 to 60% built-in propylene oxide units. Suitable components a3) of this type have molecular weights from 300 to 6000 and are e.g. B. monofunctional polyethylene / propylene glycol monoalkyl ethers such as Breox 350, 550, 750 from BP Chemicals, polyether LB 25, LB 30, LB 34, LB 40 from Bayer AG, polyethylene / propylene glycols such as Carbowax 300, 400, 1000, 2000, 6000 from Union Carbide, di- or monofunctional Polyetheramines such as Jeffamine ED600, ED900, ED4000, M715, M1000, M2070 from Texaco.

Nonionic monofunctional components a3) of are preferred Molecular weight 1000 to 2500 containing built-in propylene oxide from 10 to 57% and a built-in ethylene oxide content from 90 to 43% used.

In principle, it is also possible to use polyurethane or polyurethane-polyurea Dispersions with cationic hydrophilic groups, optionally together with to produce nonionic hydrophilic compounds and as inventive Binder combinations in the fillers according to the invention put. This is e.g. B. possible in that compounds a3) in the preparation the polyurethane or polyurethane-polyurea dispersions used, which, after Neutralization z. B. with acids, hydrophilic quaternary amino groups. Suitable compounds are e.g. B. N-methylethanolamine, N, N-dimethylethanol amine, suitable neutralizing agents are e.g. B. phosphoric acid, acetic acid, Formic acid.

Component a4) is at least one of a1), a2) and a3) various low molecular weight structural components of the molecular weight range 62 to 450 with one, two or more than two reactive towards isocyanate groups  Groups. These reactive groups are preferably hydroxyl and / or primary Amino and / or secondary amino groups.

Monofunctional or monoamino and at the same time hydroxy functional compo nents a4) can end as chain-terminating and possibly for installation components a4) which are suitable for permanent hydroxyl groups. It is open this way also possible other functional groups in the polyurethane or To incorporate polyurethane polyurea such. B. alkoxysilane groups or unsung saturated copolymerizable groups.

Corresponding suitable components a4) are e.g. B. diethanolamine, N-methyl ethanolamine, ethanolamine, isopropanolamine, diisopropanolamine, aminomethyl propanol. Also suitable are, for. B. 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-amino propyltrimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropylmethy-diethoxysilane, 4-amino-3,3-dimethyl butylmethyldiethoxysilane, 2-ethylhexanol, stearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, cyclo hexanol, hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, Hydroxyethyl methacrylate, butanediol monoacrylic acid ester, ethoxylated or propoxylated hydroxyethyl methacrylate or butanediol monoacrylate or hydroxy propyl methacrylate or hydroxypropyl acrylate or hydroxyethyl acrylate.

Monoamino and at the same time hydroxy-functional components a4) used so that either by the stoichiometry of the reaction components and / or the reaction is ensured that only the amino group of such Component a4) reacts with the isocyanate component, and the hydroxyl group (s) for the crosslinking reaction when used in the spatula according to the invention mass is available.

Di- and higher functional components a4) z. B. to build Hard segments or for the introduction of branching points during or after the Prepolymer production or chain-extending or chain-acting Components a4) are used before, during or after the dispersing step.  

To build up hard segments or to introduce branching points at the prepolymer production are preferably diols or triols such. B. Ethylene glycol, 1,2-, 1,3-propylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, neopentyl glycol, 1,6- Hexanediol, trimethylpentanediol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane, ethoxylated or propoxylated trimethylolpropane or glycerin or butanediol or propylene glycol or ethylene glycol or butenediol or bisphenol A or mixtures of the mentioned and also other hydroxy and / or amino functional starter molecules for ethoxylation or propoxylation reactions, the reaction product 2 moles of propylene carbonate and 1 mole of hydrazine and / or mixtures of the above, optionally also used with other components a4).

After the preparation of the prepolymer, chain-extending or chain-branching Components a4) used preferably contain at least two reactive primary or secondary amino groups. Suitable compounds are e.g. B. ethylene diamine, diethylene triamine, isophorone diamine, 1,6-hexamethylene diamine, 4,4- Diaminodicyclohexylmethane, hydroxyethylethylenediamine, hydrazine (hydrate), the Reaction product from hydrazine and acetone (acetonazine), propylenediamine, Dimethylethylenediamine, Adipinsäuredihydrazid, Sulphonatgruppen containing Diamine components and / or mixtures of the above, if appropriate also with further components a4).

Di- and / or trifunctional (potentially) anionic components a3) with two or three reactive primary and / or secondary amino groups, such as. B. 2-amino ethylaminoethanesulphonat or the 1: 1 reaction product of acrylic acid and Isophoronediamine can also be used as chain extension component a4) become. In combination with other compounds a4) mentioned above happen, but it can also be a component a3) as the sole chain ver prolongation reagent a4) act.  

By suitable selection of the various components a4) z. B. the Hard segment content of the polyurethane or the polyurethane polyurea, the Molecular weight build-up through chain extension or chain branching and the content of groups available for later crosslinking reactions, in particular of hydroxyl groups can be set within wide limits.

The polyurethane or polyurethane-polyurea dispersions can, for. B. such be produced that from at least one polyol a1), at least one Isocyanate component a2), optionally with the use of hydrophilic compo components a3) or a component a4) forming hard segments Isocyanate-functional prepolymer is produced, then optionally a part or the total amount of the remaining isocyanate groups with one chain abort component a4) is implemented, and before, during or after If necessary, disperse with a hydrophilic component a3) and / or chain-extending component a4) is implemented and then the any remaining isocyanate groups after dispersing with at least one chain-breaking, chain-extending or chain-branching component a4) are reacted and then the any solvents added during or after the prepolymer preparation optionally removed by distillation.

The implementation of the components can be carried out with the addition of catalysts such. B. Dibutyltin dilaurate, tin 2-octoate, dibutyltin oxide or diazabicyclononane be performed.

To convert the acid groups into salt groups z. B. Amines like Triethylamine, N-methylmorpholine, diisopropylamine, hydroxyamines such as diethanol amine, triethanolamine, diisopropanolamine, aminomethylpropanol, potassium or Sodium hydroxide, ammonia and di- or polyamines such as hexamethylene diamine, Diisopropylethylamine, isophoronediamine, dimethylethylenediamine, 1,4-cyclohexane diamine, trimethylhexanediamine, dimethylhexanediamine, Jeffamine (Texaco) such as e.g. B.  3,3 '- [1,4-butanediylbis (oxy)] bis-1-propanamine, 4,4'-methylene-bis- (2,6-diethylcyclo hexanamine), 4,4'-methylene-bis- (2-methylcyclohexanamine), 4,4'-methylene-bis- cyclohexanamine can be used.

Preferred neutralizing agents are ammonia, N-methylmorpholine, triethylamine and diisopropylethylamine.

The degrees of neutralization are generally between 30 and 150%, preferably wise at 50 to 90%.

In a preferred embodiment, the complete amount of neutralis sationsmittel even before dispersing the prepolymer or polymer in / with Water added.

After dispersing in / by water, stirring is continued until all have reacted any isocyanate groups still present. Likewise a complete conversion of all isocyanate groups with the above is possible Components before dispersing in / with water.

The solvents which may be used to prepare the dispersion can be partly used wise or completely separated from the dispersion by distillation. Preferred solvents are e.g. B. acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, N-methylpyrrolidone.

If necessary, the polymers can be dispersed before, during or after auxiliaries and additives, such as anti-settling agents, defoamers, thickeners, emulsions gators, catalysts, flow control agents, adhesion promoters, biocides, antistatic agents, Light stabilizers, lubricants, thermal stabilizers etc. but also special ones oligomeric or polymeric compounds with or without hydrophilic groups added be set.  

Preferred dispersions from the field of polyurethane or polyurethane Polyurea dispersions are polyurethane-polyurea dispersions, in particular other polyurethane-polyurea dispersions based on polyester polyol and Basis of at least 75 wt .-% cycloaliphatic or aromatic isocyanate building blocks in component a2).

The polyurethane or polyurethane-polyurea dispersions can also in modified form in the binder combinations according to the invention for Putties or used in the putties of the invention.

A preferred modified form are polymer-modified polyurethane or Polyurethane-polyurea dispersions. This modification can, for example in such a way that 20 to 90 wt .-% polyurethane or polyurethane polyurea Dispersion are presented, and using appropriate, radicals he Constructing, initiators and optionally additional emulsifiers, acrylic acid esters and / or methacrylic acid esters and / or vinyl aromatics and / or vinyl esters and / or Vinyl esters and / or other copolymerizable substances in amounts from 80 to 10 wt .-% are metered in at temperatures of 20 to 95 ° C so that higher preferably high molecular weight polyurethane polymer dispersions or poly urethane-polyurea polymer dispersions are formed. Such disper sions can e.g. B. have a core-shell morphology, it can graft products are formed or looped polymers are formed.

Mixtures of different polyurethane or polyurethane polyureas can also be used Material dispersions are used, for. B. such that hydroxy-functional with non-functional or carboxy-functional dispersions or dispersions with low glass transition temperature with those with high glass transition temperature or dispersions with different molecular weights can be combined. This makes it possible to meet special requirements such. B. high hardness and sufficient elasticity, or very quick sandability and high elasticity yet better to meet.  

The dispersions according to the invention have average particle diameters (determined e.g. by laser correlation spectroscopy) from 20 to 900, preferably from 50 to 400 nm.

The dispersions according to the invention preferably have molecular weights <50,000 g / mol, particularly preferably from <100,000 g / mol. All specified Molecular weights are weight average. The molecular weights can e.g. B. by Gel permeation chromatography can be determined.

The solids content of the dispersions is from 10 to 150 at viscosities Second drain time (DIN 4 cup, 23 ° C) preferably at least 30%. The pH values are preferably between 6.0 and 10.5.

Suitable polyisocyanates b) are polyisocyanates with free isocyanate groups Based on aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic-aliphatic and / or aroma table mono-, di- and / or triisocyanates. The polyisocyanates have at 23 ° C in generally a viscosity of 10 to 20,000, preferably 10 to 10,000 mPas. If necessary, the polyisocyanates can be mixed with small amounts of suitable solvents are used to achieve the Reduce viscosity to a value within the specified range.

Suitable monomeric isocyanates for the preparation of the polyisocyanates b) are, for. B. 1.6- Hexamethylene diisocyanate (Desmodur H, Bayer AG), 1,4-butane diisocyanate, iso phosphorone diisocyanate (Desmodur I, Bayer AG), bis (4-isocyanatocyclohexyl) methane (Desmodur W, Bayer AG), 1,4-bis-isocyanatocyclohexane, 2,4- and / or 2,6- Toluene diisocyanate (TDI, Bayer AG) hexahydro-4- and / or 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate xylylene diisocyanate, m- or p-tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate, 1,3- or 1,4-bis (2-isocyanatoethyl) cyclohexane, bis (2-isocyanatophenyl) methane, bis (4-iso cyanatophenyl) methane, nonane triisocyanate, 1,5-diisocyanato-2,2-dimethylpentane, 2,2,4- or 2,4,4-trimethyl-1,6-diisocyantohexane, 1,10-diisocyanatodecane, hexa  hydroxylylene diisocyanate, tetramethyl xylylene diisocyanate, 4, (3) -isocyanatomethyl cyclohexyl isocyanate, phenyl isocyanate, stearyl isocyanate and other isocyanates, such as they z. B. in "Methods of Organic Chemistry" (Houben-Weyl, Vol 14/2, 4th edition, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart 1963, pp. 61-70. It can too Mixtures of the above and other isocyanates are used. Preferred diisocyanates are hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, bis- (4-isocyanatocyclohexyl) methane and / or 2,4- and / or 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate as well as triisocyanate nonantriisocyanate.

Suitable polyisocyanates are made from the above or from other diiso cyanates and / or triisocyanates, optionally with the use of mono- and / or triisocyanates or with the concomitant use of monoalcohols, diols and / or polyols prepared by methods known from the literature and z. B. Isocyanurate, biuret, allophanate, iminooxadiazinedione, carbodiimide, uretdione, Urethane and / or urea structural units. Poly isocyanates with more than 65% aliphatic and / or cycloaliphatic bound Isocyanate end groups and isocyanurate, allophanate, iminooxadiazinedione and / or Urethane structural units used. Very particularly preferred polyisocyanates usually contain as isocyanate building blocks, optionally along with others hydroxy-functional building blocks, hexamethylene diisocyanate, mixtures of hexa methylene diisocyanate and isophorone diisocyanate or isophorone diisocyanate as Aus gear.

The diisocyanates used to prepare the polyisocyanates can in principle can also be used directly as polyisocyanate b), but this is not preferred.

Polyisocyanate components b) can be used as hydrophobic polyisocyanates, ie as no hydrophilic, which supports or enables dispersion Polyisocyanates containing structural units can be used. In this case are preferred polyisocyanates with a viscosity <1500, very particularly preferably used with viscosities <500 mPas / 23 ° C. This is a good one  Mixing with the reactant is safe even with low shear forces posed. If the intrinsic viscosity of the hydrophobic polyisocyanates is not in the preferred viscosity range, this is preferably by addition suitable diluent adjusted.

Preferred hydrophobic polyisocyanate components b) are e.g. B. low viscosity Hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer such. B. Desmodur VP LS 2025/1 (Bayer AG), low-viscosity hexamethylene diisocyanate polyisocyanates with uretdione and / or Allophanate and / or trimer structure units such. B. Desmodur N 3400 (Bayer AG), Desmodur VP LS 2102 (Bayer AG) and especially nonantriisocyanate.

Polyisocyanate components b) can also be used as hydrophilic polyisocyanates become. Hydrophilization is e.g. B. by reacting the polyisocyanates with deficient amounts of hydrophilizing polyether alcohols, e.g. B. on ethylene oxide or ethylene oxide / propylene oxide base, the one or two isocyanate-reactive Groups, preferably containing hydroxyl groups, possible. The production Such hydrophilized polyisocyanates are described, for example, in EP-A 540 985 described.

Hydrophilization using the polyethers described above is also possible by reacting excess amounts of these polyethers using Neter catalysts such. B. zinc (II) -2-ethyl-1-hexanoate with polyisocyanates, in particular polyisocyanates with isocyanurate, biuret, urethane and / or imino oxadiazinedione structural units to form hydrophilizing allophanate structural units ("allophanate hydrophilization"). Through this Allophanathydrophi lation can z. B. two triple isocyanate functional isocyanurate structures be hydrophilized by means of a polyether molecule. Such products stand out e.g. B. characterized in that due to the special manufacturing process and the special Structure of the hydrophilic groups, a particularly effective hydrophilization and there is also increased functionality.  

It has been found that corresponding polyisocyanate components b) Her provision of fillers according to the invention with particularly high properties level, especially with regard to hardness, sandability, durability properties and enable liability. Such modified by allophanate hydrophilization Polyisocyanates b) are therefore used with very particular preference.

Hydrophilization by adding external emulsifiers is also possible ionic and / or nonionic to the polyisocyanates.

It is also possible to use internally ionically hydrophilized polyisocyanates, which z. B. by reacting polyisocyanates with hydroxy or amino groups having optionally neutralized acids can be obtained.

It is also possible to use polyisocyanates, which are both hydrophilic, as well as a hydrophobic modification, e.g. B. by implementation with have experienced long-chain monoalcohols.

The use of polyisocyanates or polyisocyanate is also possible mix by various of the above and other modifications have been hydrophilized.

If necessary, the incorporation of hydrophilic polyisocyanates can also be used position of the leveling compounds according to the invention by lowering the viscosity can be optimized by adding organic diluents.

Depending on the requirement profile, both low-hydrophilized, ie with less than 5% by weight of hydrophilic groups, as well as normally hydrophilized, that means with 5 to 20 wt .-% hydrophilic groups, as well as highly hydrophilized Polyisocyanates, that is used with more than 20 wt .-% hydrophilic groups become.  

Mixtures of different polyisocyanates, e.g. B. mixtures of a hydrophobic and a hydrophilic polyisocyanate, or mixtures of Polyisocyanates based on various diisocyanates, such as. B. a mixture of a cycloaliphatic polyisocyanate and an aliphatic polyisocyanate be used.

In a preferred embodiment, polyethers become low or normal Hydrophilized polyisocyanates based on hexamethylene diisocyanate or Isophorone diisocyanate, optionally in admixture with low-viscosity, hydro phobic polyisocyanates based on hexamethylene diisocyanate, or in Mixing with nonantriisocyanate used.

The use of via allophanate formation is very particularly preferred Hydrophilized polyisocyanates based on hexamethylene diisocyanate if necessary in admixture with low-viscosity hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer such as B. Desmodur VP LS 2025 / l (Bayer AG) and / or low-viscosity Hexamethylene diisocyanate polyisocyanates with uretdione and / or allophanate structure tur units such. B. Desmodur N 3400 (Bayer AG) or Desmodur VP LS 2102 (Bayer AG).

Each equivalent of isocyanate-reactive groups in the polyurethane or polyurethane Polyurea a) and in the optionally used component e) at least 0.5 equivalents of polyisocyanate b) used. Preferably each Equivalent hydroxyl groups in a) 0.8 to 2.0, particularly preferably 1 to 1.4 Equivalents of polyisocyanate b) used. In the event that polyurethane or Polyurethane polyureas without hydroxyl groups used or used are used, at least as much polyisocyanate b) is used as if the polyurethane or the polyurethane polyurea without hydroxyl groups at least 1% by weight, would preferably have 2 or more wt .-% hydroxyl groups.  

The functionalities of the polyisocyanates b) are in principle freely selectable and suitable are z. B. functionalities from 1.5 to 7.5, preferably from 2.0 to 6.5 and esp more preferably from 2.15 to 5.

Suitable components c) - pigments, fillers, extenders, coloring or other additives - z. B. be:
Talc, zinc oxides, zinc phosphates, heavy spar, kaolin, silicon oxides, silicates, iron oxides, chromium oxides, titanium dioxides, other inorganic or organic color pigments, micronized talc, chalk, calcium carbonate, dolomite, calcite, aluminum hydroxide, barium sulfate, aluminum silicates, magnesium silicates, feldspar, iron mica, Glass fibers, glass balls.

The following may preferably be present as components c): a talc for good Sandability, a talc for high filling, aggregate extenders such as calcium carbonate or barium sulfate, an anti-corrosion pigment such as B. zinc phosphate / zinc oxide for metallic substrates and a coloring inorganic pigment such as B. Titanium dioxide.

The aqueous reactive fillers according to the invention can be specialized fair selection of the types and quantities of talcum used with regard to liability and Optimize grindability within wide limits. Dolomite, calcite or heavy spar give the spatula a compact structure. B. very fine important. Heavy spar flour (with a low iron content if possible) improve the ver drawability of the spatula. Anorga are preferably used as coloring pigments African pigments such as B. Bayertitan rutile types, chromium oxide and / or Bayferrox Iron oxide types in small amounts, preferably less than 10 wt .-%, based on total amount of components c) used.

Component (s) c) are the main component of the invention in terms of quantity Spatula.  

The weight ratio of c) to all others is based on solids contents Components 1.3 to 20: 1, preferably 1.5 to 15: 1 and very particularly preferably 2.1 to 10: 1.

Suitable components d) - auxiliaries, additives, additives - can, for. B. be:
Defoamers, leveling agents, anti-settling agents, catalysts, deaeration aids, stabilizers to prevent / reduce degradation by UV radiation or oxidative degradation, thickeners, rheology aids, thixotropic aids, wetting aids, dispersing aids, preservatives, leveling aids, emulsifiers, anti-foaming agents. Corrosion inhibitor, anti-floating agent, anti-skin agent.

Components d) used with preference are, for. B. anti-settling agents, thickeners agents, wetting agents, defoamers and thixotropic agents.

Optionally with components to be used e) z. B. be 100% in dissolved or in the form of optionally aqueous dispersions or emulsions present, oligomeric and / or polymeric products such. B. polyurethanes, poly urethane polyureas, polyureas, polymers, acrylate copolymers, styrene containing polymers, polyolefin resins, polybutadiene resins, polyesters, unsaturated Polyesters, alkyd resins, polymers capable of oxidative crosslinking, allyl ethers containing products, cellulose and cellulose derivatives, melamine-aldehyde resins, Urea resins, polyepoxides, carbodiimide structures containing products, poly amines, products containing thiol groups, reactive diluents with at least two isocyanate-reactive groups such. B. liquid diols, triols, tetraols, amino alcohols, diamines or polyamines, especially in the form of reactivity reduced aspartic acid esters, e.g. B. obtainable by implementing primary, at least difunctional amines with maleic acid dialkyl esters, products with softening effect such as B. dibutyl phthalate or dioctyl phthalate, chlorine rubber, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl ester, polyvinyl pyrrolidone,  Products containing alkoxysilane structures, fluorine-containing products, blocked Substances containing isocyanate groups, phenolic resins, carboxyl-functional poly mers or oligomers, epoxy-functional polymers or oligomers, polyamide resins, Silicone resins, water glass, polymers or oligomers based on silicic acid esters, Silica sols, silica gels.

By adding components e), if this is for certain requirements is necessary special properties of the leveling compounds according to the invention can be set.

Epoxy- or carbodiimide-functional components e) can, for. B. are added an additional crosslinking reaction after application of the filler between carboxyl groups of the polyurethane or polyurethane polyurea and to enable the epoxy groups and thereby z. B. a two-stage networking and to obtain high crosslink densities.

A suitable process for the production of aqueous reactive fillers, is characterized in that at least one polyurethane or Polyurethane-polyurea dispersion a) with pigment or pigment mixtures, Fillers or filler mixtures c) optionally additives, auxiliaries or additives medium d), optionally further, optionally in the form of an aqueous solution, dis Persion or emulsion present oligomers or polymers e) and given up to 20% by weight based on the total solids content of organic solvent medium and / or water f) in a suitable technical apparatus a com component which comprises at least 85% by weight of the filler according to the invention with the consistency required for practical processing is placed, and this then directly before processing with the second comm component which makes up up to 15% by weight of the leveling compound according to the invention, namely at least one polyisocyanate crosslinker b), to the invention aqueous reactive filler is homogeneously mixed.  

Another suitable method for the production of aqueous reactive spatulas is characterized in that at least one polyurethane or polyurethane-polyurea dispersion a) with pigment or pigment mixtures, Fillers or filler mixtures c) optionally additives, auxiliaries or additives medium d), optionally further, optionally in the form of an aqueous solution, dis Persion or emulsion present oligomers or polymers e) and given up to 20% by weight based on the total solids content of organic solvent medium and / or water f) a compo in a suitable technical apparatus component which makes up 90.2 to 99.7% by weight of the filler according to the invention, manufactured with the consistency required for practical processing and then just before processing with the second component, the 9.8 to 0.3 wt .-% of the leveling compound according to the invention, namely min least a polyisocyanate crosslinker b) to the aqueous reactive filler is mixed homogeneously.

Another suitable method for the production of aqueous reactive spatulas masses, is characterized in that at least one isocyanate reactive groups containing polyurethane-polyurea dispersion a) with pigment or pigment mixtures, fillers or filler mixtures c) if appropriate Additives, auxiliaries or additives d), optionally further, optionally in Form of aqueous solution, dispersion or emulsion of oligomers or Polymers e) and optionally up to 10 wt .-% based on total solids content of organic solvents and / or water f) in a suitable technical Apparatus a component that 96 to 99.5 wt .-% of the spatula according to the invention makes up the mass, with the consistency required for practical processing stenz is produced, and this immediately before processing with the second Component which makes up 4 to 0.5% by weight of the filler according to the invention, namely at least one polyisocyanate crosslinker b), to the invention aqueous reactive filler is homogeneously mixed.  

Another suitable method for producing reactive fillers is characterized in that first of at least one polyurethane or poly urethane-polyurea dispersion a) with pigment or pigment mixtures, filling substances or filler mixtures c) optionally additives, auxiliaries or additives medium d), optionally further, optionally in the form of an aqueous solution, dis Persion or emulsion present oligomers or polymers e) optionally up to 10% by weight based on the total solids content of organic solvents and / or water f) and at least one polyisocyanate crosslinker b) the inventions filler according to the invention in a suitable technical apparatus, immediately is prepared before processing the aqueous reactive filler, and this then, if necessary, by adding water and / or organic solvent medium is set to the required processing consistency.

The aqueous reactive 2-component binder com combinations offer the possibility, through suitable raw material selection, additives, Fillers, pigments and highly reactive aqueous fillers faster sandability, then with a relatively short processing time or short Potlife, as well as aqueous fillers with good reactivity or sandability and very long processing time. Fillers based on the polyurethane or polyurethane-polyurea dispersions according to the invention are also characterized by the resulting filler in the Usually have excellent flexibility for leveling compounds. By suitable selection of raw materials, such as B. preferably aliphatic polyisocyanates and lightfast polyester polyols / or it is also possible to lightfast aqueous reactive To produce fillers that work under the conditions of different Applications of leveling compounds no discoloration, chalking or degradation to appear.

With the leveling compounds according to the invention it is thus possible to practically all conceivable requirement profiles for fillers.  

The leveling compounds according to the invention contain only small amounts of volatile organic substances. Their proportion is preferably less than 15, whole particularly preferably less than 7.5% by weight.

Components a), b), c), d) and e) can in principle in any order be added or added to the production of the leveling compounds according to the invention. The optimal procedure is to be determined in the individual case and depends e.g. B. from each Requirement profile of the spatula and the reactivity of the individual raw materials.

Suitable technical apparatus for producing the aqueous according to the invention reactive fillers can e.g. B. be: kneader, mixer such. B. planets mixer or butterfly mixer, dissolver.

The aqueous reactive fillers according to the invention can, for example can be applied as a scraper, spreading spatula, pouring spatula, spray spatula.

The aqueous reactive fillers according to the invention can be cured with 0 to 80 ° C, preferably at room temperature. A curing at higher temperatures or in particular using IR dryers or using a microwave dryer is also possible.

The aqueous reactive 2-component binder combination according to the invention nations are excellently suited in or as aqueous reactive fillers or repair fillers z. B. for wood, wood-like substrates and / or cork, for metallic surfaces, vehicle bodies and / or plastics, for marble, Granite, concrete or mineral substrates.

Fillers are used for. B. to reduce the pumping speed of suction sub reasons, for filling and smoothing edges and surfaces, for filling Indentations, cavities, pores, dents, scratches and even holes.  

Car repair putty enable z. B. restoring flat or smoother Surfaces for subsequent painting, usually made of primer, Filler and top coat (s) exist.

Marble spatulas enable, after filling in depressions, cavities and Pores, cutting, grinding and polishing the workpieces to smooth, high high-quality marble parts that z. B. serve as a floor, stair or window sill covering can.

Wooden spatulas enable z. B. the filling and smoothing of imperfections, knotholes etc. in wood or wood-based materials, so that subsequently a uniform, flat, high quality painting can be done.

The aqueous reactive fillers according to the invention are notable for good drying or curing even in thick layers, long processing times of up to 30 minutes and more, thanks to very good adhesion, even on critical ones Substrates, due to good resistance properties, due to good sandability, due to good workability, especially deformability and a practical Filler consistency, through high filling capacity, through highly elastic properties and due to the complete absence of shrinkage when curing.

Under aqueous reactive fillers are aqueous 2-component Understand fillers containing binder combinations, in addition to at least one polyurethane or polyurethane polyurea a) at least one contain reactive crosslinkers with free isocyanate groups b), and with training a polyurethane or a polyurethane-polyurea network reacted. The Binder combinations according to the invention for leveling compounds or the so produced fillers have a limited pot life or a limited Processing time on. By selecting suitable raw materials in the manufacture of a) or b) and by selecting the type and amount, in particular component c), but also of d) and optionally e), is an adjustment of the reactivity and the  Potlifes or the processing time to the respective requirements possible. It can in principle be very reactive systems, but above all systems with long ones Processing time and still good reactivity.

The aqueous reactive 2-component binder combination according to the invention nations or the aqueous reactive fillers produced from them are also suitable for use in dowel compounds and as a thick-layer filler. The invent aqueous reactive two-component binder combinations according to the invention also suitable for use in or for the production of glass fiber reinforced Plastics or glass fiber reinforced fabrics or casting compounds.  

Examples Components b) Polyisocyanate 1)

Allophanate-hydrophilized polyisocyanate 1) based on hexamethylene diisocyanate:
In a stirred vessel with a stirring, cooling and heating device, 850 g of a hexamethylene diisocyanate trimerist (Desmodur N 3300, Bayer AG) are added under dry nitrogen together with 0.05 g of dibutyl phosphate (stabilizer) and 0.4 g of zinc (II) -2-ethyl-1-hexanoate (allophanatization catalyst) presented at 100 ° C. 150 g of a polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether (Pluriol A 500E, OH number 112 mg KOH / g, BASF AG) are then metered in within 40 minutes in such a way that the reaction temperature does not exceed 105.degree. After the end of the polyether addition, the mixture is stirred for a further 2 to 3 hours at 100 ° C. until the isocyanate content of 15.9% theoretically corresponding to complete allophanatization is reached. The catalyst is then deactivated by adding 0.1 g of benzoyl chloride and the reaction mixture is cooled to room temperature. A water-dispersible, hydrophilized polyisocyanate 1) having a viscosity of approximately 6000 mPas / 23 ° C., an isocyanate functionality of 4 and an isocyanate content of 15.9% is obtained.

Polyisocyanate 2)

Hydrophobic, low-viscosity polyisocyanate 2): 4-isocyanatomethyl-1,8-octane diiso cyanate (nonantriisocyanate, Bayer AG), viscosity 12 mPas / 23 ° C, isocyanate radio tionality 3, isocyanate content 50.1%.

Polyisocyanate 3)

Hydrophobic polyisocyanate 3): hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer with imino oxadizindione structural units. Viscosity 1000 mPas / 23 ° C, isocyanate content 23.3% (Desmodur VP LS 2294, Bayer AG).  

Components a) Polyurethane-polyurea dispersion 4)

In a 10-liter reaction vessel with a stirring, cooling and heating device Nitrogen 447 g of a polyester diol based on adipic acid, phthalic anhydride, Neopentyl glycol, hexanediol (molecular weight 1140 g / mol), 32 g neopentyl glycol and 45 g of dimethylolpropionic acid are weighed in and after adding 250 g of N- Dissolved methylpyrrolidone and homogenized at 70 ° C. Having a homogeneous Solution is created, a mixture of 182 g Desmodur W (Bayer AG) and 229 g of Desmodur I (Bayer AG) added at once. Exothermic increases the temperature to about 100 ° C, it is stirred until the theoretical NCO value is reached. Then 17 g of triethylamine and at 50 ° C. 21.6 g of diisopropylethylamine added as neutralizing agent and after Dispersed in 1400 g of distilled water for 10 minutes with vigorous stirring. 5 minutes after the dispersion, a chain extension solution made from 13.3 g Ethylene diamine, 15.1 g of diethylene triamine and 75 g of water were added in 15 minutes. The mixture is stirred at 50 ° C until no more free isocyanate groups are detectable. A polyurethane-polyurea dispersion 4) with one is obtained Solids content of 36% by weight, a viscosity of 20 "(23 ° C, DIN 4 Aus running cup) and a pH of 7.4.

Polyurethane-polyurea dispersion 5)

In a 10-liter reaction vessel with a stirring, cooling and heating device Nitrogen 1694 g of a polyester diol based on adipic acid, hexanediol (molecular weight 840 g / mol), 70 g trimethylolpropane and 300 g of a sodium sulphonate groups containing diols (molecular weight 432 g / mol) weighed and at Melted 90 ° C and after adding 360 g of N-methylpyrrolidone homogeni siert. After a homogeneous solution has formed, 1280 g at 80 ° C Desmodur W (Bayer AG) and 233 g Desmodur H (Bayer AG) added at once. The temperature rises to about 120 ° C due to the exothermic temperature, it is as long stirred until the theoretical NCO value is slightly below. Subsequently 220 g of acetonazine are added as chain extender at 75 ° C. and  after 10 minutes 4400 g, distilled water heated to 60 ° C. in 5 minutes added with vigorous stirring. The mixture is stirred at 50 ° C until none free isocyanate groups are more detectable. A polyurethane poly is obtained urea dispersion 5) with a solids content of 40 wt .-%, a viscosity of 15 "(23 ° C, DIN 4 flow cup) and a pH of 6.8.

Polyurethane-polyurea dispersion 6)

In a 10-liter reaction vessel with a stirring, cooling and heating device Nitrogen 447 g of a polyester diol based on adipic acid, phthalic anhydride, Neopentyl glycol, hexanediol (molecular weight 1140 g / mol), 32 g neopentyl glycol and 45 g of dimethylolpropionic acid are weighed in and after adding 250 g of N- Dissolved methylpyrrolidone and homogenized at 70 ° C. Having a homogeneous 452 g Desmodur W are added all at once. Through the Exothermic, the temperature rises to about 100 ° C, stirring is continued until the theoretical NCO value is reached. Then 34 g at 50 ° C. Triethylamine added as neutralizing agent and after 10 minutes in 1400 g distilled water dispersed with vigorous stirring. 5 minutes after A chain extension solution consisting of 25 g of hydroxyethylethylene is dispersed diamine, 15.1 g diethylenetriamine and 75 g water added in 15 minutes. It will stirred at 50 ° C until no free isocyanate groups can be detected. A polyurethane-polyurea dispersion 6) having a solids content is obtained of 37 wt .-%, a viscosity of 15 "(23 ° C, DIN 4 flow cup) and a pH of 7.7.

Polyurethane-polyurea dispersion 7)

In a 10-liter reaction vessel with a stirring, cooling and heating device Nitrogen 508 g of a polyester diol based on adipic acid, hexanediol (molecular weight 840 g / mol), 59 g neopentyl glycol, 22 g of a monohydroxy functional hydrophilic polyether (polyether LB25, MG 2250, Bayer AG) and 55.6 g Weighed dimethylolpropionic acid, melted at 75 ° C and after addition homogenized by 450 g of N-methylpyrrolidone. After a homogeneous solution  stood, are at 75 ° C 201 g of diisocyanatodiphenylmethane and 416 g Desmodur W quickly added in succession. Due to the exothermic, the Temperature to about 110 ° C, it is stirred at 100 ° C until the theory table NCO value is reached. After cooling to 70 ° C a neutralisa Mixture of 20 g polyether LB25, 45 g triethylamine and 110 g N- Methylpyrrolidone added and homogenized for 10 minutes. Then in distilled water heated to 30 ° C in 1600 g in 5 to 10 minutes dispersed vigorous stirring. Then used as a chain extender 223 g water, 36 g hydroxyethyl ethylene diamine, 10 g diethylene triamine and 8 g Hydrazine hydrate added in 10 minutes at 50 ° C stirred until no free Isocyanate groups are more detectable. A polyurethane-poly urine is obtained dispersion 7) with a solids content of 35 wt .-%, a viscosity of 25 "(23 ° C, DIN 4 flow cup) and a pH of 8.0.

Example of use A)

A spatula made from 100 g polyurethane poly is placed in a laboratory dissolver urea dispersion 4), 10 g of a water / butyl glycol = 1: 1 mixture, 10 g of fin talk M 40 (talc for good sandability, Finnminerals, Finland), 75 g Westmin D 100 (talc for high filling), Westmin Minerals, Australia), 1.3 g Foamaster TCX (defoamer, Henkel, Germany), 50 g Mikhart 10 (calcium carbonate, Aggregate extender, Provenciale, France), 10 g zinc phosphate ZP10 (corrosion protective pigment, Heubach, Germany) and an additional 30 g Finntalk as additional, variable additional quantity to adjust the filler consistency, manufactured. 100 g this first component is homo in the laboratory stirrer with 3.4 g of polyisocyanate 1) gene mixed.

The aqueous reactive filler according to the invention thus produced is added to Room temperature in a layer thickness of approx. 1 mm on unsanded body sheets pulled up.  

The following test results were determined:

• - filler consistency ¹ : good
• - tractability ² : good
• - grindability ³ :
  after 30 minutes 5
  after 60 minutes 4c
  after 90 minutes 1c
  after 120 minutes 0a
• - Adhesion ⁴ : very good (after 90 minutes)
• - Pendulum hardness ⁵ :
  after 4 hours room temperature drying: 13 "
  after 24 hours room temperature drying: 24 "
  after drying for 2 hours at 80 ° C: 78 "
• - Drying time ⁶ : 90 minutes
• - Potlife ⁷ : <8 hours
• - Processing time ⁸ : 30 minutes

The aqueous reactive filler according to the invention shows very good throughout Characteristics. It combines excellent workability with good drying and Sandability, quick adhesion is achieved, the hardness meets the requirements changes. The processing time is extremely long and therefore sufficient Conditions. The high elasticity of the fillers is particularly noteworthy worth it, as well as the fact that no shrinkage can be observed. The spatula mass is lightfast.

¹ The assessment of the filler consistency is based on the following qualitative levels:
Good <satisfactory <thick or thin <too thick or too thin.

² Assessment of deformability is based on the following qualitative gradation:
Well warped <still well warped <difficult to warp <not warped.

³ The grindability is assessed as follows:
The grindability itself is rated from very good = 0 to very poor = 5, with intermediate grades good = 1, still good = 2, moderate = 3, bad = 4.

The time until the desired grindability is reached is also very important, the shorter the time required, so much the better. Achieving good grindability within One hour at room temperature curing is very good evaluate. Fillers that are applied at room temperature for more than three hours Achieving good grindability are generally less than good to judge appropriately.

In addition, the sanding paper becomes clogged during sanding assessed, meaning a = does not clog (best rating), b = clogs something and c = hard on (worst rating).

⁴ Liability is assessed based on the length of time until good liability is reached:
Liability within 2 hours: very good
Liability within 6 hours: good
Liability within 24 hours: still acceptable
It takes more than 24 hours to achieve good adhesion, or none at all
Liability: Bad

⁵ The pendulum hardness (DIN 53 157) is carried out on films (250 μm wet) of the binder combination of component a) and component b) after addition of 10% by weight of butyl glycol and defoamer in order to obtain comparable values without the influence of component c) receive. Pendulum hardnesses of <100 "after drying for 24 hours at room temperature can be described as very good.

⁶ The drying time is measured on the films according to the pendulum hardness determination, however with a wet film thickness of 500 µm. The time is specified until an examination with a finger no longer shows any prints (finger drying). The faster the drying, the better the suitability for fillers.

⁷ Potlife was the period of time until the filler shows noticeable changes, e.g. B. significant viscosity increase, lump formation, from precipitation, crosslinking.

⁸ The processing time is the period in which the aqueous reactive filler can be safely processed and leads to reproducible results. The actual processing time is often longer, but this time can be subject to fluctuations. B. skin formation or changes in the application properties, such as. B. a less good warping, or changes in the final properties of the applied filler, such as a slightly longer time to achieve good adhesion. Despite these beginning changes, it is often still possible to obtain hardened fillers with good final properties after application and curing. 07098 00070 552 001000280000000200012000285910698700040 0002019858818 00004 06979.

Example of use B)

Application example A) with polyurethane-polyurea dispersion 4) repeated, but with a mixture of 1.8 g of polyisocyanate 1) and 1.8 g of poly Isocyanate 3) is used.

The aqueous reactive filler according to the invention thus produced is added to Room temperature in a layer thickness of approx. 1 mm on unsanded body sheets pulled up.  

The following test results were determined:

• - filler consistency: good
• - Tractability: good
• - grindability:
  after 30 minutes 5
  after 60 minutes 3a
  after 90 minutes 1a
  after 120 minutes 0a
• - Adhesion: very good (after 90 minutes)
• - Pendulum hardness:
  after 4 hours room temperature drying: 26 "
  after 24 hours room temperature drying: 62 "
  after drying for 2 hours at 80 ° C: 94 "
• - Drying time: 100 minutes
• - Potlife: <8 hours
• - Processing time: 30 minutes

This filler also shows good properties overall. It is also without Shrinkable, lightfast and elastic.

Example of use C)

Application example A) is repeated, but with polyurethane polyurea Dispersion 5) is used together with 3.8 polyisocyanate 1).

The aqueous reactive filler according to the invention thus produced is added to Room temperature in a layer thickness of approx. 1 mm on unsanded body sheets pulled up.

The following test results were determined:

• - filler consistency: good
• - Tractability: good
• - grindability:
  after 30 minutes 5
  after 60 minutes 4c
  after 90 minutes 3c
  after 120 minutes 0a
• - Adhesion: very good (after 90 minutes)
• - Storage stability test: Assessment of the filler consistency of the first component when stored at room temperature:
  after 10 days: all right
  after 30 days: all right
• - Pendulum hardness:
  after 4 hours room temperature drying: 22 "
  after 24 hours room temperature drying: 39 "
  after drying for 2 hours at 80 ° C: 54 "
• - Drying time: 90 minutes
• - Potlife: <8 hours
• - Processing time: 25 minutes

This filler also shows good properties overall. It is also without Shrinkable, lightfast and very elastic.

Example of use D)

Application example A) is repeated, but with polyurethane poly urea dispersion 6) is used together with 3.4 g of polyisocyanate 1).

The aqueous reactive filler according to the invention thus produced is added to Room temperature in a layer thickness of approx. 1 mm on unsanded body sheets pulled up.

The following test results were determined:

• - filler consistency: good
• - Tractability: good
• - grindability:
  after 30 minutes 5
  after 60 minutes 2-3c
  after 90 minutes 1c
  after 120 minutes 0a
• - Adhesion: very good (after 105 minutes)
• - Pendulum hardness:
  after 4 hours room temperature drying: 19 "
  after 24 hours room temperature drying: 32 "
  after drying for 2 hours at 80 ° C: 84 "
• - Drying time: 90 minutes
• - Potlife: <8 hours
• - Processing time: 20 minutes

This filler also shows good properties overall. It is also without Shrinkable, lightfast and very elastic.

Example of use E)

Application example A) is repeated, but with polyurethane polyurea Dispersion 7) together with 2.5 g of polyisocyanate 1) and 1 g of polyisocyanate 3) is set.

The aqueous reactive filler according to the invention thus produced is added to Room temperature in a layer thickness of approx. 1 mm on unsanded body sheets pulled up.

The following test results were determined:

• - filler consistency: good
• - Tractability: good
• - grindability:
  after 30 minutes 5
  after 60 minutes 2c
  after 90 minutes 0a-b
• - Adhesion: very good (after 90 minutes)
• - Pendulum hardness:
  after 4 hours room temperature drying: 15 "
  after 24 hours room temperature drying: 52 "
  after drying for 2 hours at 80 ° C: 90 "
• - Drying time: 90 minutes
• - Potlife: <8 hours
• - Processing time: 15 minutes

This filler also shows good properties overall. It is also without Shrinking and very elastic.

Comparative Example F)

Application example A) is repeated, but the use of the No polyisocyanate crosslinker.

The following test results were determined:

• - filler consistency: good
• - Tractability: good
• - grindability:
  after 30 minutes 5
  after 45 minutes 5
  after 60 minutes 5
  after 75 minutes 5
  after 90 minutes 5
  after 120 minutes 4d (test was canceled)
• - Pendulum hardness:
  after 4 hours room temperature drying: 12 "
  after 24 hours room temperature drying: 47 "
  after drying for 2 hours at 80 ° C: 93 "
• - Drying time: 120 minutes
• - Potlife: 25 minutes

This filler shows a slow drying, a somewhat shorter pot life, Above all, however, there are clear deficits in ductility and are therefore not practical.

Example of use G)

Application example C) is repeated, but in addition to 100 g of polyurethane Polyurea dispersion 5) 10 g of a water / butyl glycol = 1: 1 mixture, 100 g  Finntalk M 40, 150 g heavy spar EWO (Sachtleben, Germany), 1.3 g Foamaster TCX, 50 g Mikhart 10, 10 g titanium dioxide (Bayertitan R-KB-2, Bayer, Germany), 1.5 g Aerosil 200 (Degussa, Germany) and 20 g zinc phosphate ZCP (corrosion protective pigment, Heubach, Germany).

100 g of this first component are mixed in a laboratory stirrer with 3.8 g of polyisocyanate 1) homogeneously mixed.

The aqueous highly reactive filler according to the invention thus produced is used for Room temperature in a layer thickness of approx. 1 mm on unsanded body sheets pulled up.

The following test results were determined:

• - filler consistency: good
• - Tractability: good
• - grindability:
  after 30 minutes 5
  after 60 minutes 1b
  after 75 minutes 0
• - Adhesion: very good (after 60 minutes)
• - Pendulum hardness:
  after 4 hours room temperature drying: 22 "
  after 24 hours room temperature drying: 37 "
  after drying for 2 hours at 80 ° C: 48 "
• - Drying time: 60 minutes
• - Potlife: <8 hours
• - Processing time: 5 minutes

This filler also shows good properties overall. It's very reactive without shrinkage and very elastic.

Claims (29)

1. Aqueous reactive two-component binder combinations for aqueous reactive fillers, consisting of

• a) at least one polyurethane or polyurethane-polyurea dis persion and at least one polyisocyanate containing free isocyanate groups.

2. Aqueous reactive two-component binder combinations for aqueous reactive fillers, consisting of

• a) at least one polyurethane or polyurethane-polyurea dispersion containing the reaction product
  • a1) at least one polyol component,
  • a2) at least one di- and / or polyisocyanate component,
  • a3) at least one (potentially) ionic compounds with at least one, optionally at least partially neutralized, group capable of salt formation and at least one group reactive toward isocyanate groups and optionally a hydrophilic, nonionic compound, consisting of compounds with at least one reactive toward isocyanate groups Group and at least one hydrophilic polyether chain
  • a4) at least one of a1) to a3) different mono-, di- and / or polyfunctional low-molecular structure component of the molecular weight range 32 to 450,
  component (s) a3) being used in such an amount that a stable dispersion is formed, and
• b) at least one polyisocyanate containing free isocyanate groups with a viscosity of 10 to 20,000 mPas / 23 ° C and a functionality of 1.5 to 7.5.

3. Aqueous reactive 2-component binder combinations for aqueous reactive fillers according to claims 1) and 2), consisting of

• a) at least one polyurethane or polyurethane-polyurea dispersion containing the reaction product
  • 1. 35 to 85% by weight of at least one polyol component,
  • 2. 5 to 50% by weight of at least one di- and / or polyisocyanate component,
  • 3. 1.5 to 10% by weight of at least one (potentially) ionic compound with at least one, optionally at least partially neutralized, salt-forming group and at least one group reactive towards isocyanate groups and optionally a hydrophilic, nonionic compound, consisting of compounds with at least one group reactive towards isocyanate groups and at least one hydrophilic polyether chain,
  • 4. 1 to 10% by weight of at least one of a1) to a3) which are different mono-, di- and / or polyfunctional low molecular weight structural components of the molecular weight range 32 to 450,
  component (s) a3) being used in such an amount that a stable dispersion is formed, and
• b) at least one polyisocyanate containing free isocyanate groups with a viscosity of 10 to 10,000 mPas / 23 ° C. and a functionality of 2.15 to 5.0,

the sum of the% numbers a1) to a4) being 100. 4. Aqueous reactive 2-component binder combinations for aqueous reactive fillers according to claims 1) to 3), consisting of

• a) at least one polyurethane-polyurea dispersion containing the reaction product
  • a1) 40 to 75% by weight of at least one di- and / or trifunctional polyol component based on polyester and / or polyether with a molecular weight of 750 to 3000 g / mol,
  • a2) 15 to 45% by weight of at least one diisocyanate component with a molecular weight of 168 to 262,
  • a3) 1.5 to 8.5% by weight of at least one (potentially) ionic compound with at least one, optionally at least partially neutralized, salt-forming group and at least one group that is reactive towards isocyanate groups and optionally a hydrophilic, nonionic Compound consisting of compounds having at least one group which is reactive towards isocyanate groups and at least one hydrophilic polyether chain,
  • a4) 1.5 to 8% by weight of at least one of a1) to a3) which are different mono-, di- and / or polyfunctional low molecular weight structural components of the molecular weight range 32 to 45,
  component (s) a3) being used in such an amount that a stable dispersion is formed, and
• b) at least one polyisocyanate containing free isocyanate groups with a viscosity of 10 to 10,000 mPas / 23 ° C. and a functionality of 2.15 to 5.0,

the sum of the% numbers a1) to a4) being 100. 5. Aqueous reactive fillers consisting of

• a) at least one polyurethane or polyurethane-polyurea dispersion,
• b) at least one polyisocyanate containing free isocyanate groups with a viscosity of 10 to 20,000 mPas / 23 ° C. and a functionality of 1.5 to 7.5,
• c) at least one pigment and / or filler,
• d) auxiliaries and additives, if appropriate,
• e) optionally further oligomers or polymers present in the form of aqueous solution, dispersion or emulsion and
• f) optionally water and / or organic solvent,

wherein the weight ratio of resin (solid from component a), from component b) and optionally from component e)) to pigment / filler (solid from component c)) is 1: 1.3 to 1:20. 6. Aqueous reactive fillers consisting of

• a) 10 to 50% by weight of at least one polyurethane or polyurethane-polyurea dispersion,
• b) 1 to 15% by weight of at least one, free isocyanate groups contain the polyisocyanate with a viscosity of 10 to 20,000 mPas / 23 ° C. and a functionality of 2.0 to 6.5,
• c) 40 to 90% by weight of at least one pigment and / or filler,
• d) 0 to 3% by weight of auxiliaries, additives and / or additives,
• e) 0 to 50% by weight of further oligomers or polymers, optionally in the form of an aqueous solution, dispersion or emulsion, and
• f) 0 to 20% by weight of water and / or organic solvents,

the sum of a) to f) being 100% by weight and the weight ratio of resin (solid from component a), from component b) and optionally from component e)) to pigment / filler (solid from component c)) 1: 1.5 to 1:15. 7. Aqueous reactive fillers consisting of

• a) 10 to 50 wt .-% of at least one polyurethane or polyurethane-polyurea dispersion containing the reaction product
  • 1. 35 to 85% by weight of at least one polyol component,
  • 2. 5 to 50% by weight of at least one di- and / or polyiso cyanate component,
  • 3. 1.5 to 10% by weight of at least one (potentially) ionic compound with at least one, optionally at least partially neutralized, salt-forming group and at least one group reactive towards isocyanate groups and optionally a hydrophilic, nonionic compound, consisting of compounds with at least one group reactive towards isocyanate groups and at least one hydrophilic polyether chain,
  • 4. 1 to 10% by weight of at least one of a1) to a3) which are different mono-, di- and / or polyfunctional low molecular weight structural components of the molecular weight range 32 to 450,
  component (s) a3) being used in such an amount that a stable dispersion is formed,
• b) 1 to 9.8% by weight of at least one, free isocyanate groups contain the polyisocyanate with a viscosity of 10 to 20,000 mPas / 23 ° C. and a functionality of 2.0 to 6.5,
• c) 40 to 90% by weight of at least one pigment and / or filler,
• d) 0 to 3% by weight of auxiliaries, additives and / or additives,
• e) 0 to 50% by weight of further oligomers or polymers, optionally in the form of an aqueous solution, dispersion or emulsion, and
• f) 0 to 20% by weight of water and / or organic solvents,

the sum of a) to f) being 100% by weight and the weight ratio of resin (solid from component a), from component b) and optionally from component e)) to pigment / filler (solid from component c) ) Is 1: 1.5 to 1:15. 8. Aqueous reactive fillers according to claims 5) to 7), consisting of

• a) 10 to 50 wt .-% of at least one polyurethane-polyurea dispersion containing the reaction product
  • 1. 40 to 75% by weight of at least one di- and / or trifunctional polyol component based on polyester and / or polyether with a molecular weight of 750 to 3000 g / mol,
  • 2. 15 to 45% by weight of at least one diisocyanate component with a molecular weight of 168 to 262,
  • 3. 1.5 to 8.5% by weight of at least one (potentially) ionic compound with at least one, optionally at least partially neutralized, salt-forming group and at least one group reactive towards isocyanate groups and optionally a hydrophilic, nonionic Compound consisting of compounds with at least one group which is reactive towards isocyanate groups and at least one hydrophilic polyether chain,
  • 4. 1.5 to 8% by weight of at least one of a1) to a3) which are different mono-, di- and / or polyfunctional low molecular weight structural components of the molecular weight range 32 to 450,
  component (s) a3) being used in such an amount that a stable dispersion is formed,
• b) 1 to 9.8% by weight of at least one, free isocyanate groups contain the polyisocyanate with a viscosity of 10 to 20,000 mPas / 23 ° C. and a functionality of 2.0 to 6.5,
• c) 40 to 90% by weight of at least one pigment and / or filler,
• d) 0 to 3% by weight of auxiliaries, additives and / or additives,
• e) 0 to 50% by weight of further oligomers or polymers, optionally in the form of an aqueous solution, dispersion or emulsion, and
• f) 0 to 20% by weight of water and / or organic solvents,

the sum of a) to f) being 100% by weight and the weight ratio of resin (solid from component a), from component b) and optionally from component e)) to pigment / filler (solid from component c)) 1: 1.5 to 1:15. 9. Aqueous reactive filler according to claims 5 to 8) consisting of

• a) 22 to 38 wt .-% of at least one polyurethane-polyurea dis persion
• b) 1 to 7.5% by weight of at least one, free isocyanate groups contain the polyisocyanate with a viscosity of 10 to 10,000 mPas / 23 ° C. and a functionality of 2.15 to 5.0,
• c) 53 to 75% by weight of at least one pigment and / or filler,
• d) 0 to 2% by weight of auxiliaries, additives and / or additives,
• e) 0 to 20% by weight of further oligomers or polymers, optionally present in the form of an aqueous solution, dispersion or emulsion, and
• f) 0 to 10% by weight of water and / or organic solvents,

the sum of a) to f) being 100% by weight and the weight ratio of resin (solid from component a), from component b) and optionally from component e)) to pigment / filler (solid from component c)) 1: 2.1 to 1:10. 10. Process for the preparation of aqueous reactive fillers according to claims 5) to 9), characterized in that first of all at least one polyurethane or polyurethane-polyurea dispersion a) with pigment or pigment mixtures, fillers or filler mixtures c) optionally additives, auxiliaries or additives d), if appropriate further, optionally in the form of an aqueous solution, dispersion or Emulsion present oligomers or polymers e) and optionally up to 20% by weight based on the total solids content of organic solvents and / or water f) a compo in a suitable technical apparatus nente, the at least 85 wt .-% of the filler of the invention  with the necessary for practical processing Consistency is produced, and then immediately before processing with the second component, up to 15 wt .-% of the invention Filler, namely at least one polyisocyanate crosslinker b) is homogeneously mixed to the filler according to the invention. 11. Process for the preparation of aqueous reactive fillers according to claims 5) to 9), characterized in that first of all at least one polyurethane or polyurethane-polyurea dispersion a) with pigment or pigment mixtures, fillers or filler mixtures c) optionally additives, auxiliaries or additives d), if appropriate further, optionally in the form of an aqueous solution, dispersion or emul sion present oligomers or polymers e) and optionally up to 20% by weight based on the total solids content of organic solvents and / or water f) a compo in a suitable technical apparatus nente, the 90.2 to 99.7 wt .-% of the filler of the invention with the necessary for practical processing Consistency is produced, and then immediately before processing with the second component, the 9.8 to 0.3 wt .-% of the invention Filler, namely at least one polyisocyanate crosslinker b) is homogeneously mixed to the filler according to the invention. 12. Process for the preparation of aqueous reactive fillers according to claims 5) to 9), characterized in that initially from min least a polyurethane poly containing isocyanate-reactive groups urea dispersion a) with pigment or pigment mixtures, fillers or filler mixtures c) optionally additives, auxiliaries or additives agent d), optionally further, optionally in the form of an aqueous solution, Dispersion or emulsion present oligomers or polymers e) and optionally up to 10 wt .-% based on total solids orga African solvent and / or water f) in a suitable technical  Apparatus a component that 96 to 99.5 wt .-% of the invention Filler, with the for practical processing required consistency is produced, and this immediately before the Processing with the second component, which is 4 to 0.5 wt .-% of makes up filler according to the invention, namely at least one Polyisocyanate crosslinker b) to the aqueous reactive according to the invention Filler is homogeneously mixed. 13. Process for the preparation of aqueous reactive fillers according to claims 5) to 9), characterized in that first of all at least one polyurethane or polyurethane-polyurea dispersion a) with pigment or pigment mixtures, fillers or filler mixtures c) optionally additives, auxiliaries or additives d), if appropriate further, optionally in the form of an aqueous solution, dispersion or Emulsion present oligomers or polymers e) optionally up to 10% by weight based on the total solids content of organic solvents and / or water f) and at least one polyisocyanate crosslinker b) leveling compound according to the invention in a suitable technical apparatus, immediately before processing the filler, is produced, and this then optionally by adding water and / or organic Solvent is adjusted to the required processing consistency. 14. Aqueous reactive 2-component binder combinations for aqueous reactive fillers according to claims 1) to 4) and aqueous reak active fillers according to claims 5) to 9), characterized records that by reacting hydrophilic polyethers with aliphatic and / or cycloaliphatic polyisocyanates using suitable catalysts sator producible, allophanate-hydrophilized polyisocyanates b) contain are.   15. Aqueous reactive 2-component binder combinations for aqueous reactive fillers according to claims 1) to 4) and aqueous reactive fillers according to claims 5) to 9), thereby characterized in that as polyisocyanate b) a hexamethylene diisocyanate Polyisocyanate with iminooxadiazinedione structural units is included. 16. Aqueous reactive 2-component binder combinations for aqueous reactive fillers according to claims 1) to 4) and aqueous reak active fillers according to claims 5) to 9), characterized records that nonantriisocyanate is contained as polyisocyanate b). 17. Aqueous reactive filler according to claims 5) to 9), thereby characterized in that component c) to a maximum of 10 wt .-% based on Total amount of c) consists of inorganic coloring pigments. 18. Aqueous reactive 2-component binder combinations for aqueous reactive fillers according to claims 1) to 4) and aqueous reak active fillers according to claims 5) to 9), characterized records that hydrophilic group-containing compounds a3) partially or completely in polyol components a1) via ester groups in the Polyurethane or polyurethane-polyurea dispersions are installed. 19. Aqueous reactive 2-component binder combinations for aqueous reactive fillers according to claims 1) to 4) and aqueous reactive fillers according to claims 5) to 9), characterized records that low-viscosity hydrophobic polyisocyanates based on hexa methylene diisocyanate with isocyanurate, uretdione, allophanate and / or Urethane structural units and / or by reaction with hydrophilic Polyethers hydrophilically modified polyisocyanates based on hexamethylene diisocyanate as polyisocyanate b) are included   20. Aqueous reactive 2-component binder combinations for aqueous reactive fillers according to claims 1) to 4) and aqueous reactive fillers according to claims 5) to 9), characterized is characterized in that as component a) copolymer or polyacrylate-modified Polyurethane or polyurethane-polyurea dispersions are included. 21. Aqueous reactive 2-component binder combinations for aqueous reactive fillers according to claims 1) to 4) and aqueous reak active fillers according to claims 5) to 9), characterized records that as component a) polyurethane or polyurethane poly Urea dispersions are included, whose molecular weight Mw <50,000 is. 22. Aqueous reactive 2-component binder combinations for aqueous reactive fillers according to claims 1) to 4) and aqueous reactive fillers according to claims 5) to 9), characterized records that as component e) epoxy-functional oligomers or Polymers are included. 23. Aqueous reactive 2-component binder combinations for aqueous reactive fillers according to claims 1) to 4) and aqueous reactive fillers according to claims 5) to 9), characterized records that by using lightfast components a) and b) under lightfast to the usual conditions of use for leveling compounds, Harden discolouration and degradable fillers. 24. Aqueous reactive fillers according to claims 5) to 9), thereby characterized that less than 5 wt .-% volatile organic substances are included.   25. Use of aqueous reactive two-component binder combinations according to claims 1) to 4) in or as an aqueous reactive filler. 26. Use of aqueous reactive two-component binder combinations according to claims 1) to 4) in or as an aqueous reactive filler for wood, wood-like substrates and / or cork. 27. Use of aqueous reactive two-component binder combinations according to claims 1) to 4) in or as an aqueous reactive filler for metallic surfaces, vehicle bodies and / or plastics. 28. Use of aqueous reactive two-component binder combinations according to claims 1) to 4) in or as an aqueous reactive filler for marble, granite or mineral substrates. 29. Use of aqueous reactive two-component binder combinations according to claims 1) to 4) in or for the production of glasfaserver reinforced plastics, glass fiber reinforced fabrics or casting resins.